高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省濰坊市2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期5月期中英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分375分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWhetheryou’repassionateaboutdesigningintelligentsystems,exploringAImoraldilemmas,orusingAItosolvereal-worldproblems,theArtificialIntelligenceInstitutewillgiveyoutheknowledgeandtoolstomakeanimpactinoneoftheworld’smosttransformativefields.TopicsCovered·TheScienceofAI:Machinelearning,naturallanguageprocessing,androbotics·AIEthics(倫理):PrivacyandresponsibleAIdesign·AIinSociety:Socialandeconomicimpactsofautomation·GlobalAIManagement:LegalframeworksandinternationalregulationsHands-OnExperiences·ParticipateindiscussionsonAIethics·CooperateonAI-drivenprojects,fromchatbotdevelopmenttodataanalysis·AttendlecturesbyguestspeakerswhoworkinAIacrossacademicfields,industry,andpolicy·VisittechclubsandinnovationcenterstoseeAIinaction*Hands-onexperiencesaresubjecttochange.AtaGlance2025Dates:WeekofJune8—13ProgramLength:Sunday—Friday,overnightWhoCanApply:Current9th—12thgradestudentsTuition:$3,400Location:Winston-Salem,N.C.—WakeForestUniversityReynoldaCampus*Coursescarrynosecondaryschoolorcollegecredit.Uponcompletionoftheprogram,anofficialWakeForestUniversityCertificateofCompletionwillbeawardedtoallArtificialIntelligenceInstituteparticipants.1.WhatistheaimoftheArtificialIntelligenceInstitute?A.Toprovidedesignjobs. B.TomakeAImoreappealing.C.ToequippeoplewithskillsinAI. D.Topromotequicklearningmethods.2.Whatcanparticipantsdo?A.Interviewguestspeakers. B.TakepartinAIethicstalks.C.Analyzedatawithchatbots. D.SetupAIinnovationcenters.3.Whatdoweknowabouttheprogramfrom“AtaGlance”?A.Itwilllastforawholeweek. B.Anofficialcertificateisavailable.C.Participantscangetcollegecredits. D.Applicantsingrades8-12arerequired.【答案】1.C2.B3.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一個(gè)人工智能研究所的項(xiàng)目情況?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Whetheryou’repassionateaboutdesigningintelligentsystems,exploringAImoraldilemmas,orusingAItosolvereal-worldproblems,theArtificialIntelligenceInstitutewillgiveyoutheknowledgeandtoolstomakeanimpactinoneoftheworld’smosttransformativefields.(無論您是對設(shè)計(jì)智能系統(tǒng)充滿熱情，還是熱衷于探索人工智能的道德困境，亦或是希望通過人工智能解決現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的問題，人工智能研究所都將為您提供所需的知識(shí)和工具，助您在這一全球最具變革性的領(lǐng)域中發(fā)揮影響力)”可知，人工智能研究所的宗旨是讓人們掌握人工智能方面的技能。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TopicsCovered部分“AIEthics(倫理):PrivacyandresponsibleAIdesign(人工智能倫理：隱私與負(fù)責(zé)任的人工智能設(shè)計(jì))”可知，參與者可以參與人工智能倫理討論。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Uponcompletionoftheprogram,anofficialWakeForestUniversityCertificateofCompletionwillbeawardedtoallArtificialIntelligenceInstituteparticipants.(完成該項(xiàng)目后，所有人工智能學(xué)院的學(xué)員都將獲得由維克森林大學(xué)頒發(fā)的正式結(jié)業(yè)證書)”可知，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目可以獲得一份官方證書。故選B。BEveryyearacrosstheworld,vaccines(疫苗)preventasmanyasfivemillionpeoplefromdying.Unfortunately,mostvaccinesneedtobekeptcooltostopthemfromgoingoff.Thismakesitdifficulttotransportthemtoremoteareas,becauseiftheygettoowarmtheywon’twork.ThisiswhatDrAselSartbaevahasbeenattemptingtosolve.Growingup,AselSartbaevaalwayslookeduptoscientistslikeMichaelFaradayandMarieCurie.WhenshestudiedatCambridgeUniversityinEngland,shemetanaward-winningphysicistcalledBrianJosephson.“Myjawdropped,”shesaid,“Itfeltlikea‘bigthing’formetobeworkinginthesameplaceasscientistsIhadlookeduptoforsolong.”In2010,AselSartbaevatookherdaughterMelindatobevaccinated.Shenoticedthedoctorhadkeptthevaccinesinthefridge.Whenshegothome,shestartedreadingaboutitonlineandfoundthatthereareplacesaroundtheworldwherevaccinescan’tbedeliveredbecausetheycan’tberefrigeratedforthewholejourney—meaningsomepeoplemissoutongettingvaccines.Sartbaevawantedtoinventawaytokeepvaccinesstableatalltemperatures,soshecameupwithensilication.Overthenextfewyears,Sartbaevaandherteamhavetestedoutanumberofdifferentwaystoseeiftheensilicatedvaccinescanbekeptstablewhenthey’reoutofthefridge.OneoftheseexperimentsinvolvedsendingsomevaccinesinthepostfromBathtoNewcastle.Thejourneyismorethan300miles,whichcantakeadayortwobypost,butthevaccineswerestillsafetousewhentheyarrived.In2021,SartbaevawasnamedaUNICEFAmbassadorforGirlsinScienceproject.Shedesignedexperimentstogetmoregirlsinterestedinthescience-basedsubjects.“Inadditiontomyscientificandteachingwork,Iwantttomakescientificdiscoveriescloseranddmoreunderstandabletopeople,”shesaid.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“goingoff”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Boiling. B.Beingmisused. C.Failing. D.Beingpolluted.5.HowdidSartbaevafeelabouthermeetingwithBrianJosephson?A.Honored. B.Scared. C.Amused. D.Embarrassed.6.WhatinspiredSartbaeva’sideaofensilication?A.Limitationsofthevaccinestorage.B.Vaccineshortagesinsomeplaces.C.Herdaughter’sunexpectedillness.D.Thechildren’shighdemandforvaccines.7.Whydoestheauthormentionthejourneyinparagraph4?A.Tointroducethecoreofensilication.B.Toshowtheeffectivenessofensilication.C.Tocomparedifferentmeansoftransportation.D.Toemphasizethehardshipoftheexperiment.【答案】4.C5.A6.A7.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了科學(xué)家AselSartbaeva受童年偶像影響，致力于解決疫苗保存難題并取得突破性成果的成長與科研歷程。【4題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中“Unfortunately,mostvaccinesneedtobekeptcooltostopthemfromgoingoff.Thismakesitdifficulttotransportthemtoremoteareas,becauseiftheygettoowarmtheywon’twork.(遺憾的是，大多數(shù)疫苗需要冷藏以防止goingoff。這使得將它們運(yùn)輸?shù)狡h(yuǎn)地區(qū)變得困難，因?yàn)槿绻麥囟冗^高，疫苗就會(huì)失去作用)”可知，疫苗需冷藏以防“失效”?！癵oingoff”在此處意為“失效”，與“Failing(失去效力)”語義相符。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Growingup,AselSartbaevaalwayslookeduptoscientistslikeMichaelFaradayandMarieCurie.WhenshestudiedatCambridgeUniversityinEngland,shemetanaward-winningphysicistcalledBrianJosephson.“Myjawdropped,”shesaid,“Itfeltlikea‘bigthing’formetobeworkinginthesameplaceasscientistsIhadlookeduptoforsolong.”(從小到大，AselSartbaeva一直敬仰MichaelFaraday和MarieCurie這樣的科學(xué)家。當(dāng)她在英國劍橋大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)，遇到了一位名叫BrianJosephson的獲獎(jiǎng)物理學(xué)家。她說：“我驚訝得合不攏嘴，能和我敬仰已久的科學(xué)家在同一個(gè)地方工作，對我來說是件‘大事’)”可推知，當(dāng)Sartbaeva在劍橋大學(xué)遇到獲獎(jiǎng)物理學(xué)家BrianJosephson時(shí)，她感到非常榮幸。故選A。【6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Whenshegothome,shestartedreadingaboutitonlineandfoundthatthereareplacesaroundtheworldwherevaccinescan’tbedeliveredbecausetheycan’tberefrigeratedforthewholejourney—meaningsomepeoplemissoutongettingvaccines.Sartbaevawantedtoinventawaytokeepvaccinesstableatalltemperatures,soshecameupwithensilication.(回到家后，她開始在網(wǎng)上查閱相關(guān)信息，發(fā)現(xiàn)世界上有些地方無法送達(dá)疫苗，因?yàn)橐呙缭谡麄€(gè)運(yùn)輸過程中無法冷藏——這意味著一些人錯(cuò)過了接種疫苗的機(jī)會(huì)。Sartbaeva想發(fā)明一種能讓疫苗在所有溫度下都保持穩(wěn)定的方法，于是她提出了ensilication的想法)”可知，疫苗儲(chǔ)存的局限性（需冷藏才能運(yùn)輸）啟發(fā)了她的ensilication的想法。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“OneoftheseexperimentsinvolvedsendingsomevaccinesinthepostfromBathtoNewcastle.Thejourneyismorethan300miles,whichcantakeadayortwobypost,butthevaccineswerestillsafetousewhentheyarrived.(其中一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)包括將一些疫苗通過郵政從巴斯寄往紐卡斯?fàn)枴＿@段路程超過300英里，郵寄可能需要一兩天時(shí)間，但疫苗抵達(dá)時(shí)仍可安全使用)”可推知，該實(shí)驗(yàn)是為了證明ensilication技術(shù)能讓疫苗在非冷藏條件下保持穩(wěn)定，即展示其有效性。故選B。CEverydayseemstobringmoreexcitingnewsaboutthesuperdrugs—glp-lreceptoragonists.Firstthedrugstackleddiabetes(糖尿病).Then,withjustoneshotaweek,theyfoughtobesity.Nowstudiesofhealthrecordssuggestthattheymaytreataddiction,too.Researchersareeventalking,inquiettones,oftheiranti-ageingeffects.Accordingtoanewfinding,notonlydothedrugsactinthegut(腸道),buttheycombinewithreceptors(受體)alloverthebodyandinthebrain.Thedrugsappeartoreduceinflammation(炎癥)andinteractwithpathwayslinkedtodesiresandfeelingsofreward.Witheverynewfinding,researchersarelearningmoreabouttheworkingsofdiseaseandthelinksbetweenthebodyandthebrain.Naturally,moreworkisneeded.Althoughglp-1agonistshavebeenusedindiabetesfor20years,someofthenewerfindingsarebasedonobservationalstudies,andwillneedtobetestedbyrandomizedtrials.Patientsmayneedtoremainonthesedrugsfortheirwholelives,whichmakesthecostsuncertain.Yetwithtime,experimentationandinnovation,thebenefitswillbecomeclearer,andthecostswillcomedown.Forpatients,thenewusesofglp-ldrugsmeannotjustlongerlives,buthealthierandhappierones.Forgovernments,thoughthetotalbillforthesedrugscouldbevast,theywouldlowersomeothercosts:thedirectmedicalbillforobesityaloneamountsto260billiondollarsayearinAmerica;alcoholabuseisahugeburdenforthecriminal-justicesystem.Thestatewouldraiselessmoneyfromtaxesonalcohol,butincometaxeswouldgoup,astheworkforcebecamehealthier.Glp-1drugscouldleadtosignificanteconomicandsocialchange.Somebusinessmodelscouldbeupended.Ifdesirescanbecontrolled,junk-foodcompanies,advertisersandevendrug-dealersmayshifttheirfocusfromquantitytoquality.Socialvaluescoulddevelop:Ifbeingthiniseasier,obesitymaylessoftenbeseenasmoralfailings.Theglp-1breakthroughisjustbeginning.Itsfutureisfullofpromise.8.Whyaretheglp-1receptoragonistscalledsuperdrugs?A.Theyareexpensiveandrare. B.Theycanbehighlyaddictive.C.Theymakepeoplefeelexcited. D.Theycantreatmultiplediseases.9.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Howthedrugsbuildup. B.Howthedrugsaretaken.C.Howthedrugsfunction. D.Howthedrugsareproduced.10.Howcanthedrugsbenefitthegovernment?A.Theyloweroverallcosts. B.Theyendcrimes.C.Theyincreaseworkforce. D.Theyraisealcoholtaxes.11.Whatdoestheauthorimplyabouttheglp-1drugsinthelastparagraph?A.Theirinfluencewillexpand. B.Theymaycauseeconomiccrisis.C.Theywillreplacetraditionaldrugs. D.Theirsocialacceptanceisdropping.【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了GLP-1受體激動(dòng)劑作為“超級藥物”的多重療效、作用機(jī)制及其在醫(yī)療和經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)層面帶來的廣泛影響?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Everydayseemstobringmoreexcitingnewsaboutthesuperdrugs—glp-lreceptoragonists.Firstthedrugstackleddiabetes(糖尿病).Then,withjustoneshotaweek,theyfoughtobesity.Nowstudiesofhealthrecordssuggestthattheymaytreataddiction,too.(關(guān)于超級藥物——glp-l受體激動(dòng)劑，每天似乎都有更令人興奮的消息傳來。首先，這些藥物可以治療糖尿病。然后，每周只需注射一次，就能對抗肥胖。現(xiàn)在，對健康記錄的研究表明，它們可能也可以治療成癮。)”可知，glp-1受體激動(dòng)劑之所以被稱為超級藥物，是因?yàn)樗鼈兛梢灾委煻喾N疾病。故選D?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“Accordingtoanewfinding,notonlydothedrugsactinthegut(腸道),buttheycombinewithreceptors(受體)alloverthebodyandinthebrain.Thedrugsappeartoreduceinflammation(炎癥)andinteractwithpathwayslinkedtodesiresandfeelingsofreward.(根據(jù)一項(xiàng)新的發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些藥物不僅在腸道中起作用，而且與全身和大腦中的受體結(jié)合。這些藥物似乎可以減少炎癥，并與與欲望和獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)感相關(guān)的通路相互作用。)”可知，第二段主要講的是這些藥物是如何起作用的。故選C?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Forgovernments,thoughthetotalbillforthesedrugscouldbevast,theywouldlowersomeothercosts:thedirectmedicalbillforobesityaloneamountsto260billiondollarsayearinAmerica;alcoholabuseisahugeburdenforthecriminal-justicesystem.Thestatewouldraiselessmoneyfromtaxesonalcohol,butincometaxeswouldgoup,astheworkforcebecamehealthier.(對于政府來說，盡管這些藥物的費(fèi)用可能很高，但它們會(huì)降低其他一些成本：僅在美國，肥胖的直接醫(yī)療費(fèi)用每年就高達(dá)2600億美元；酒精濫用給刑事司法系統(tǒng)帶來了巨大負(fù)擔(dān)。國家從酒精稅中征收的稅收會(huì)減少，但隨著勞動(dòng)力的健康狀況改善，所得稅會(huì)增加。)”可知，這些藥物對政府的好處是降低總體成本。故選A?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Glp-1drugscouldleadtosignificanteconomicandsocialchange.Somebusinessmodelscouldbeupended.Ifdesirescanbecontrolled,junk-foodcompanies,advertisersandevendrug-dealersmayshifttheirfocusfromquantitytoquality.Socialvaluescoulddevelop:Ifbeingthiniseasier,obesitymaylessoftenbeseenasmoralfailings.Theglp-1breakthroughisjustbeginning.Itsfutureisfullofpromise.(glp-1藥物可能會(huì)帶來重大的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)變革。一些商業(yè)模式可能會(huì)被顛覆。如果欲望可以得到控制，垃圾食品公司、廣告商甚至毒販都可能將注意力從數(shù)量轉(zhuǎn)向質(zhì)量。社會(huì)價(jià)值觀可能會(huì)發(fā)展：如果減肥變得更容易，肥胖可能就不那么容易被視為道德缺陷了。glp-1的突破才剛剛開始。它的未來充滿希望。)”可知最后一段提到gLP-1藥物可能引發(fā)經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)變革，如顛覆商業(yè)模式、改變社會(huì)價(jià)值觀（肥胖不再被視為道德缺陷），并強(qiáng)調(diào)突破才剛剛開始，未來充滿希望。由此可推知，作者在最后一段暗示glp-1藥物的影響將會(huì)擴(kuò)大。故選A。DPlentyofacademicresearchhadexaminedcreativity—butrelativelylittlehadgonetocuriosity.Thewebsitewikipediadescribescuriosityasa“qualityrelatedtothinking”.Butthereisalotmoretoexploreaboutit—andWikipedia,astheworld’slargestencyclopedia,isnowaidingsocialscientiststodeepenthedefinitionofcuriosityinastudy.TracinghowWikipediasearchersbrowse(瀏覽)amongtopicsrevealedthreedifferentstylesofhumancuriosity:the“busybody,”the“hunter”andthe“dancer.”Abusybodyfollowsaroutethroughmanyoftendistantlyrelatedtopics.Ahunter,incontrast,searcheswithsustainedfocus,movingamongarelativelysmallnumberofcloselyrelatedarticles.Adancerlinkstogetherhighlydifferenttopicstotrytointegratenewideas.“Curiosityactuallyworksbyconnectingpiecesofinformation,notjustacquiringthem,”saysUniversityofPennsylvanianetworkscientistDaniBassett,co-seniorauthoronarecentstudyofthesecuriositytypes.“It’snotasifwegothroughtheworldandpickupapieceofinformationandputitinourpocketslikeastone.Insteadwegatherinformationandconnectittostuffthatwealreadyknow.”Therecentstudytrackedmorethan482,000peopleusingWikipedia’smobileappin50countriesand14languages.Theresearcherschartedtheseusers’pathsusing“knowledgenetworks”ofconnectedinformation.Beyondthis,theylinkedcuriositystylestolocation-basedindicatorsofwellbeing,inequality,andothermeasures.Incountrieswithhighereducationlevels,peoplebrowsedmorelikebusybodies.Incountrieswithlowerscoresontheseindicators,peoplebrowsedlikehunters.Dancerpatterns,morerecentlyconfirmed,wereexcluded.PrincetonUniversitypsychologistErikNookpraisedthestudy’s“incrediblylarge”range.Theauthors,hesays,broughttogetherknowledgefromvariousfieldstorevealdeepinsightsintohumanbehavior.12.WhatisWikipedia’sroleinthestudy?A.Researchhelper. B.Inventionstarter. C.Behaviormotivator. D.Qualityinspector.13.Howdoescuriositywork?A.Bycorrectingdata. B.Byprovingideas.C.Byprocessinginformation. D.Byselectingtopics.14.Whatdidtherecentstudyinparagraph4find?A.Dancerpatternsearnpopularity. B.Knowledgenetworksguideusers.C.Hunterscomefromrichcountries. D.Educationlevelsaffectcuriositytypes.15.WhatisErikNook’sattitudetowardthestudy?A.Unclear. B.Unconcerned. C.Objective. D.Approving.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了一項(xiàng)借助維基百科來研究人類好奇心類型的學(xué)術(shù)研究，闡述了好奇心的工作方式以及研究發(fā)現(xiàn)不同教育水平國家的人好奇心類型不同，還提及相關(guān)人士對該研究的評價(jià)?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Wikipedia,astheworld’slargestencyclopedia,isnowaidingsocialscientiststodeepenthedefinitionofcuriosityinastudy.(維基百科，作為世界上最大的百科全書，現(xiàn)在正在一項(xiàng)研究中幫助社會(huì)科學(xué)家深化對好奇心的定義)”可知，維基百科在研究中起到研究助手的作用。故選A。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段““Curiosityactuallyworksbyconnectingpiecesofinformation,notjustacquiringthem,”saysUniversityofPennsylvanianetworkscientistDaniBassett,co-seniorauthoronarecentstudyofthesecuriositytypes.(賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)科學(xué)家丹妮?巴西特（DaniBassett）是近期一項(xiàng)關(guān)于這些好奇心類型研究的共同資深作者，她表示：“好奇心實(shí)際上是通過將信息片段相互關(guān)聯(lián)來發(fā)揮作用的，而不僅僅是獲取信息”)”可知，好奇心通過處理信息起作用。故選C?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Incountrieswithhighereducationlevels,peoplebrowsedmorelikebusybodies.Incountrieswithlowerscoresontheseindicators,peoplebrowsedlikehunters.(在教育水平較高的國家，人們的瀏覽方式更像好事者。在這些指標(biāo)得分較低的國家，人們的瀏覽方式像獵人)”可知，教育水平會(huì)影響好奇心類型。故選D。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“PrincetonUniversitypsychologistErikNookpraisedthestudy’s“incrediblylarge”range.Theauthors,hesays,broughttogetherknowledgefromvariousfieldstorevealdeepinsightsintohumanbehavior.(普林斯頓大學(xué)心理學(xué)家埃里克?努克稱贊這項(xiàng)研究的范圍“極其廣泛”。他說，研究人員匯集了來自不同領(lǐng)域的知識(shí)，以深刻洞察人類行為。)”可推知，埃里克?努克對這項(xiàng)研究持贊同態(tài)度。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Perhapsyouarefamiliarwiththefollowingscene:you’remeetingupwithafriend,excitedtocatchupontheweekandlookingforwardtosharingyournews.Butbeforeyoucangetawordin,yourfriendpassesyousomethingandexcitedlyannounces,“LookwhatI’vegot!”Allothertopicsofconversationfallawayandyouspendthewholetimelisteningtodetaileddescriptionsofhisnewphone.Youshouldprobablybefeelinghappyforhim.____16____Whenafriendiscompletelyoccupiedwithanewpossession,it’scommonforyoutofeelignoredandleftout.____17____Before,conversationsmighthavecircledaroundhobbies,sharedplans,orwhat’shappeningatschool.Now,itmightseemlikeeverythingcentresaroundtheirexpensivenewhigh-techdevice.It’simportanttoallowyourselftofeelthisway,butalsotorememberthatthisisatemporarysituation.____18____And,althoughitmightbeupsettingtofeelyou’velostyourfriend’sattentionforawhile,thefreshnesswillsoondisappear.____19____PsychologistCatherineHallisseyexplains,“Ourbrainsarehardwiredtoseekoutfreshness-thismeanswedesirenewthings.Sometimes,theurgeisfortheobjectitselfandothertimesit’sfortherespectfromothers.”Perhapsanevenmorediscomfortingfeelingthatariseswithothers’goodfortuneisenvy.____20____It’sanormalreaction,especiallywhensocialmediaencouragescomparisonwithothers.Thekeyistoallowyourselftofeelitbutnotletitdriveyourbehaviorandnegativelyimpactyourrelationship.A.Thenewbecomesoldquickly.B.Anyway,friendshipisofvaluetoyou.C.Whycantheappealofthenewbepowerful?D.Instead,alargenumberofuncomfortablefeelingsarise.E.Itmightfeellikethefocusofyourfriendshiphasshifted.F.Rememberthatfeelingenviousdoesn’tmakeyouabadfriend.G.Owningaparticularproductmightboostsomeone’sself-image.【答案】16.D17.E18.A19.C20.F【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了當(dāng)朋友沉迷于新物品時(shí)，我們可能會(huì)感到被忽視和嫉妒，但這種感受是暫時(shí)的，新鮮感會(huì)很快消失，同時(shí)指出嫉妒是正常反應(yīng)，但不應(yīng)影響行為和關(guān)系?！?6題詳析】由上文“Perhapsyouarefamiliarwiththefollowingscene:you’remeetingupwithafriend,excitedtocatchupontheweekandlookingforwardtosharingyournews.Butbeforeyoucangetawordin,yourfriendpassesyousomethingandexcitedlyannounces,“LookwhatI’vegot!”Allothertopicsofconversationfallawayandyouspendthewholetimelisteningtodetaileddescriptionsofhisnewphone.Youshouldprobablybefeelinghappyforhim.(也許你熟悉下面的場景：你和朋友見面，興奮地聊著這一周的情況，期待著分享你的消息。但還沒等你開口，你的朋友就把什么東西遞給你，興奮地宣布：“看我得到了什么！”所有其他的話題都消失了，你花了整整一晚上的時(shí)間聽他詳細(xì)描述他的新手機(jī)。你應(yīng)該為他感到高興。)”可知，本空應(yīng)描述與為朋友感到高興相關(guān)的感受。D選項(xiàng)“Instead,alargenumberofuncomfortablefeelingsarise.(相反，出現(xiàn)了許多不舒服的感覺。)”可知，描述了與上文“感到高興”相反的感受，能承接上文，符合題意。故選D?！?7題詳析】由上文“Whenafriendiscompletelyoccupiedwithanewpossession,it’scommonforyoutofeelignoredandleftout.(當(dāng)一個(gè)朋友完全被一件新東西占據(jù)時(shí)，你通常會(huì)感到被忽視和冷落。)”及下文“Before,conversationsmighthavecircledaroundhobbies,sharedplans,orwhat’shappeningatschool.Now,itmightseemlikeeverythingcentresaroundtheirexpensivenewhigh-techdevice.(以前，你們的談話可能圍繞著愛好、共同的計(jì)劃或?qū)W校里發(fā)生的事情?，F(xiàn)在，似乎一切都圍繞著他們昂貴的新高科技設(shè)備。)”可知，本空應(yīng)描述朋友被新東西占據(jù)時(shí)，友誼的變化。E選項(xiàng)“Itmightfeellikethefocusofyourfriendshiphasshifted.(你可能會(huì)覺得你們友誼的重點(diǎn)已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)移了。)”可知，描述了朋友被新東西占據(jù)時(shí)，友誼重點(diǎn)的轉(zhuǎn)移，能承上啟下，符合題意。故選E?！?8題詳析】由上文“It’simportanttoallowyourselftofeelthisway,butalsotorememberthatthisisatemporarysituation.(重要的是要允許自己有這種感覺，但也要記住這是暫時(shí)的。)”及下文“And,althoughitmightbeupsettingtofeelyou’velostyourfriend’sattentionforawhile,thefreshnesswillsoondisappear.(而且，盡管你可能會(huì)因?yàn)橛X得暫時(shí)失去了朋友的關(guān)注而感到不安，但這種新鮮感很快就會(huì)消失。)”可知，本空應(yīng)描述與新鮮感很快消失相關(guān)的內(nèi)容。A選項(xiàng)“Thenewbecomesoldquickly.(新事物很快就會(huì)變舊。)”可知，描述了新事物很快就會(huì)變舊，與新鮮感很快就會(huì)消失相呼應(yīng)，能承上啟下，符合題意。故選A?！?9題詳析】由下文“PsychologistCatherineHallisseyexplains,“Ourbrainsarehardwiredtoseekoutfreshness-thismeanswedesirenewthings.Sometimes,theurgeisfortheobjectitselfandothertimesit’sfortherespectfromothers.”(心理學(xué)家凱瑟琳·哈利西解釋說：“我們的大腦天生就喜歡追求新鮮事物，這意味著我們渴望新事物。有時(shí)，這種沖動(dòng)是為了物體本身，有時(shí)是為了得到他人的尊重。”)”可知，本空應(yīng)是關(guān)于追求新鮮事物的問題。C選項(xiàng)“Whycantheappealofthenewbepowerful?(為什么新事物的吸引力如此強(qiáng)大？)”可知，提出了關(guān)于新事物吸引力的疑問，能引出下文，符合題意。故選C。【20題詳析】由上文“Perhapsanevenmorediscomfortingfeelingthatariseswithothers’goodfortuneisenvy.(也許隨著別人的好運(yùn)而產(chǎn)生的一種更令人不安的感覺是嫉妒。)”和下文“It’sanormalreaction,especiallywhensocialmediaencouragescomparisonwithothers.Thekeyistoallowyourselftofeelitbutnotletitdriveyourbehaviorandnegativelyimpactyourrelationship.(這是一種正常的反應(yīng)，尤其是當(dāng)社交媒體鼓勵(lì)你與他人比較時(shí)。關(guān)鍵是讓自己感受到它，但不要讓它影響你的行為，對你的關(guān)系產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。)”可知，此處應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)嫉妒情緒的正常性。F選項(xiàng)“Rememberthatfeelingenviousdoesn’tmakeyouabadfriend.(記住，感到嫉妒并不會(huì)讓你成為一個(gè)壞朋友。)”可知，描述了與社交媒體比較相關(guān)的嫉妒情感，能引出下文，符合題意。故選F。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。It’sfunny.Youputsomethingthathappenedtoyouinthebackofyourheartandmindonlytofigureoutwhatitwastryingto____21____youmanyyearslater.ThatiswhathappenedtometodaywhenIthoughtbackonanoldmemory.Iwasateenagervisitingmyfriend’shomeandhe____22____metwopairsofboxinggloveshehadjustgotten.Beingboys,wedecidedtogivethema____23____withaboxingmatch.Itsoonbecame____24____,however,thatmyfriendhadaboxinglessonortwowhileI’dhad____25____.Besidesthis,hewastallerthanmeandhadalonger____26____.Soonmyfacewasredandachingfromhitshe____27____whileImissedeverypunch(拳).Ifoundmyselfgrowingmadderandmadderandmyanger____28____insideofme.Finally,Iswunga____29____punchthatconnectedandIsawmyfriendwince(齜牙咧嘴)inpain.Butforsomereason,insteadoffeelingglad,Ifeltbad.I____30____mygloves,toldhimI’dhadenough,and____31____thematch.Lookingbackonthatmemorynow,Icanseethe____32____wasconveyingsomethingtomyheartandsoulthroughmy____33____thatday.ButIwasstilltooyoungtoseeit____34____.NowIrealizethatthisworldtriestotellusotherwise,wearenothereto____35____eachother.Weareheretohelpandloveeachotherasmuchasweloveourselves.21.A.teach B.promise C.refuse D.cost22.A.sent B.showed C.lent D.sold23.A.look B.kick C.name D.try24.A.awesome B.strange C.clear D.easy25.A.many B.some C.few D.none26.A.reach B.pace C.skip D.stand27.A.lost B.blocked C.landed D.escaped28.A.welledup B.mixedup C.turnedup D.wakedup29.A.steady B.hesitant C.wild D.professional30.A.dropped B.fetched C.destroyed D.changed31.A.won B.celebrated C.postponed D.stopped32.A.friend B.bravery C.match D.cooperation33.A.movements B.feelings C.preferences D.assumptions34.A.cautiously B.fully C.secretly D.slowly35.A.criticize B.annoy C.hurt D.bother【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.D26.A27.C28.A29.C30.A31.D32.C33.B34.B35.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了少年時(shí)作者和朋友戴拳擊手套對打，因技不如怒而打傷對方，事后懊悔，多年后明白世人應(yīng)互助互愛而非傷害?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你將自己經(jīng)歷的事情深藏于內(nèi)心深處和腦海中，而多年以后，你才明白那背后所蘊(yùn)含的真正含義。A.teach教學(xué)；B.promise承諾；C.refuse拒絕；D.cost花費(fèi)。根據(jù)后文“NowIrealizethatthisworldtriestotellusotherwise”可知，此處指經(jīng)歷想要教會(huì)我們?nèi)松牡览?，故選A?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我當(dāng)時(shí)還是個(gè)十幾歲的少年，去朋友家做客。他給我看了他剛買來的兩副拳擊手套。A.sent發(fā)送；B.showed展示；C.lent借給；D.sold出售。根據(jù)后文“metwopairsofboxinggloves”指朋友給作者展示新買的拳擊手套。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為男孩子，我們決定給他們來一場較量——進(jìn)行一場拳擊比賽。A.look看；B.kick踢腿；C.name名字；D.try嘗試。根據(jù)后文“withaboxingmatch”想要通過比賽來嘗試新手套。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，很快就清楚了，我的朋友上過一兩次拳擊課，而我卻從未上過。A.awesome非常棒的；B.strange奇怪的；C.clear清楚的；D.easy容易的。根據(jù)后文“thatmyfriendhadaboxinglessonortwo”可知，作者慢慢清楚朋友上過拳擊課的事實(shí)。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，很快就清楚了，我的朋友上過一兩次拳擊課，而我卻從未上過。A.many許多；B.some一些；C.few一些；D.none沒有。根據(jù)后文“whileImissedeverypunch”可知，作者沒有上過拳擊課，不是朋友的對手，none表示沒有上過課，故選D?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：除此之外，他比我高，而且臂展也更長。A.reach（臂的）伸出；伸手可及的距離；B.pace踱步；C.skip略過；D.stand站立。根據(jù)上文“hewastallerthanmeandhadalonger”可知，朋友比作者高，因此手臂臂展也更長了，故選A。【27題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：很快，我的臉就因?yàn)樗拿土夜舳兊猛t且疼痛難忍，而我每次出拳都未能擊中他。A.lost丟失；B.blocked阻塞；C.landed降落，打中（一拳）；D.escaped逃走。根據(jù)上文“myfacewasredandachingfromhitshe”指作者的臉因?yàn)榕笥训娜瓝舳兊猛t且疼痛難忍，land表示“打中（一拳）”符合語境，故選C?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己越來越憤怒，怒火在我心中不斷積聚。A.welledup情感涌起；B.mixedup混合；C.turnedup出現(xiàn)；D.wakedup醒來。根據(jù)上文“Ifoundmyselfgrowingmadderandmadderandmyanger”可知，作者越來越生氣，怒火在心中不斷積聚。故選A?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，我猛地一拳揮出，準(zhǔn)確命中了目標(biāo)，只見我的朋友因疼痛而痛苦地皺起了眉頭。A.steady穩(wěn)定的；B.hesitant猶豫的；C.wild猛烈的，野生的；D.professional專業(yè)的。根據(jù)后文“Isawmyfriendwinceinpain”可知，朋友被打痛，說明作者猛烈地出拳了。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我把手套掉在地上了，然后告訴他我已經(jīng)受夠了，接著便終止了比賽。A.dropped落下；B.fetched取來；C.destroyed破壞；D.changed改變。根據(jù)后文“mygloves,toldhimI’dhadenough”可知，作者放下了手套，不再比賽了，故選A?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我把手套掉在地上了，然后告訴他我已經(jīng)受夠了，接著便終止了比賽。A.won獲勝；B.celebrated慶祝；C.postponed推遲；D.stopped停止。根據(jù)上文“mygloves,toldhimI’dhadenough”可知，作者生氣停止了比賽。故選D。【32題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在回想那段記憶，我能感受到那場比賽在那天通過我的情感向我的內(nèi)心和靈魂傳遞了某種信息。A.friend朋友；B.bravery勇敢；C.match比賽；D.cooperation合作。指上文“thematch”作者和朋友進(jìn)行的拳擊比賽。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在回想那段記憶，我能感受到那場比賽在那天通過我的情感向我的內(nèi)心和靈魂傳遞了某種信息。A.movements運(yùn)動(dòng)；B.feelings感覺；C.preferences偏愛；D.assumptions假定。根據(jù)上文“Butforsomereason,insteadoffeelingglad,Ifeltbad.(但不知為何，我并沒有感到高興，反而心情很糟糕)”可知，比賽通過作者的情感向內(nèi)心和心靈傳遞了信息。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但我那時(shí)還太年輕，無法完全理解這一切。A.cautiously謹(jǐn)慎地；B.fully完全地；C.secretly秘密地；D.slowly緩慢地。根據(jù)上文“ButIwasstilltooyoungtoseeit”可知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)年輕，無法完全理解這件事給自己的影響，故選B。【35題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在我明白了，這個(gè)世界其實(shí)是在向我們傳達(dá)另一種信息：我們在此并非為了相互傷害。A.criticize批評；B.annoy惹惱；C.hurt傷害；D.bother麻煩。根據(jù)后文“Weareheretohelpandloveeachotherasmuchasweloveourselves.(我們在此是為了給予幫助，并且要像愛自己一樣去關(guān)愛彼此)”以及作者和朋友比賽，互相傷害，可知，我們在此并非為了相互傷害，而是應(yīng)該互相幫助。故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)閱讀短文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ThebeautifulLiRiverisoneofthemostwell-knowntouristdestinationsinChina’sGuangxiZhuangAutonomousRegion.Itattractsmillionsofvisitorseachyear.However,itsreputationasatopdestinationhashadnegativeeffects____36____theriver’swaterquality.Previously,waterqualityintheLiRiverhadsufferedgreatlyfromanincreasingvolumeoftourists,manyof____37____frequentlythrewgarbageintotheriver.Thegrowthintourismalsomeantthelocalpopulationrose____38____(rapid),aswellasthenumberofcommercialandindustrialenterprises.Inordertofeedmorepeople,morechemicals____39____(use)toincreasecropproduction.Thesechemicalsledtoseverewaterqualityissues,____40____(cause)anongoingdecreaseinthenumberoffishspecies.Localofficialswereconcernedthatthepollutionwasdamagingthenaturalenvironment____41____feltthaturgentstepsshouldbetaken____42____(restore)theriver’soriginalbeauty.Acomprehensiveinitiativewasstarted,withanumberofmeasuresthat____43____(address)theissues.Dozensofpollutingenterpriseswereclosedormoved.Thelocalgovernmentsetupstrictregulations