PAGE1專題02要求式動詞與asif從句中的虛擬語氣用法內(nèi)容早知道?第一層鞏固提升練考點(diǎn)一要求式動詞中的虛擬語氣用法考點(diǎn)二asif從句中的虛擬語氣用法?第二層能力培優(yōu)練?第三層拓展突破練?第四層高考真題練要求式動詞中的虛擬語氣用法【知識積累·練前熱身】【知識積累·練前熱身】在教材必修一的單詞表上，我們學(xué)習(xí)了recommend（Unit1），request（Unit2），demand（Unit5）等詞的用法，重點(diǎn)講解了它們的虛擬語氣用法。1.概念：虛擬語氣（SubjunctiveMood）用于表達(dá)假設(shè)、愿望、建議或不確定的情況。主要用于表達(dá)假設(shè)或虛擬的條件（“如果……的話”）、一些表“建議、要求、命令”含義的詞所接的從句中等。2.要求式動詞+從句時，從句中的謂語動詞用(should)＋do一堅(jiān)持：insist二命令：order,command三建議：suggest(suggestion),advise(advice),recommend(recommendation),propose(proposal)四要求：demand,request,require,desire,ask再加一個敦促：urge3.注意：（1）以上動詞的名詞形式后所接的的從句中也要使用虛擬語氣，即(should)＋do。（2）insist和suggest兩個詞較為特殊，除了表達(dá)“堅(jiān)持”和“建議”的詞義外，他們還有另外一層含義。當(dāng)insist表達(dá)“堅(jiān)持說，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”詞義，suggest表達(dá)“表明”詞義時，后面所接的從句不使用虛擬語氣，使用陳述語氣，與語境匹配。1.Thephysicistsproposethatourattention________(direct)towardstheuseofspecialmethodsofthinkingandacting.【答案】(should)bedirected【詳解】句意：物理學(xué)家們建議，我們的注意力應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)向使用特殊的思考和行動方法?？疾樘摂M語氣。根據(jù)“propose”一詞可知，從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣“shoulddosth.”；再者根據(jù)“ourattention”和“direct”的關(guān)系可知，兩者是動賓關(guān)系，因此用被動語態(tài)，而should可省略,故答案是(should)bedirected。2.Theairpollutionisworseandworse.Thegovernmentsuggeststhatpeople____(go)toworkbysubwayorbybus.【答案】(should)go【詳解】句意：空氣污染越來越糟糕。政府建議人們乘地鐵或者乘公交車去上班?？疾樘摂M語氣。這是一個that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，suggest后跟的賓語從句應(yīng)用虛擬語氣（should）do結(jié)構(gòu)，should可省略。故答案是(should)go。3.Sherequiredatthemeetingthatmeasures________(take)toprotecttheenvironmentwhichwerelyontolive.【答案】(should)betaken【詳解】句意：她在會議上要求采取措施保護(hù)我們賴以生存的環(huán)境?？疾樘摂M語氣。根據(jù)句意可知，動詞require“要求”，從句用虛擬即should+動詞原形，should可以省略。又measures和動詞take之間為被動關(guān)系，即shouldbetaken，should可以省略，故答案是(should)betaken。4.Theboyinsistedthathe________(be)oldenough,and________(give)therighttomakehisownchoice.【答案】was；(should)begiven【詳解】句意：這個男孩堅(jiān)稱他已經(jīng)足夠大，應(yīng)該有做出自己的選擇的權(quán)利了?？疾閕nsist賓語從句的時態(tài)及虛擬語氣。insist表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”不用虛擬語氣；時態(tài)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定；insist表示“堅(jiān)持要求”后用“should+do”的虛擬語氣，should可省略。分析語境可知第一空表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”，時態(tài)用一般過去時；第二空是“堅(jiān)持要求”，用虛擬語氣，should省略。故答案是was和(should)begiven。5.Hecommandedthathismen________(fire).【答案】(should)fire【詳解】句意：他命令他的手下射擊?？疾樘摂M語氣。根據(jù)command后的賓語從句要用（should）do的虛擬語氣，其中should可以省略。故答案是(should)fire。6.Werequestedthatthetask_____________(complete)bytheendofthisweek.【答案】(should)becompleted【詳解】考查虛擬語氣。句意:我們要求在本周末之前完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。request表示“要求”時引導(dǎo)的that從句中，要用虛擬語氣，其謂語動詞形式為should+動詞原形，其中should可以省略，主句中的時態(tài)不限。從句中主語task與謂語動詞構(gòu)成被動，故填(should)becompleted。7.Herpalefacesuggestedthatshe______(be)illandherparentssuggestedthatshe______(have)amedicalexamination.【答案】was;have【詳解】句意：她蒼白的臉表明她病了,她的父母建議她去體檢。考查時態(tài)和虛擬語氣。第一個suggest是“表明，顯示”的意思，后面的be動詞視整句時態(tài)而定，根據(jù)主句時態(tài)可知用一般過去時。第二個suggest是“建議”的意思，后接的賓語從句一般用虛擬語氣，其虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)為：(should)+原形動詞，should可略。故答案是was和have。8.Itisrecommendedthathe______(get)helpfromhisdoctorabouthisillness.【答案】(should)get【詳解】句意：關(guān)于他的病，建議他向醫(yī)生尋求幫助?？疾樘摂M語氣。recommend表示“建議”所接的賓語從句一般用虛擬語氣，其虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)為：(should)+原形動詞，should可省略。故答案是(should)get。9.Mysuggestionisthatameeting________(hold)todiscussit.【答案】(should)beheld【詳解】句意：我建議開個會來討論這個問題?？疾樘摂M語氣。名詞suggestion“建議”后的表語從句用虛擬語氣，謂語動詞用should＋動詞原形，should可以省略；再根據(jù)“ameeting”和“hold”的關(guān)系可知，兩者是動賓關(guān)系，因此用被動語態(tài)，而should可省略,故答案是(should)beheld。10.Theworkersinsistedthatthey

(give)afreeluncheverynoonandthebosshadtodothat.【答案】(should)begiven【詳解】句意：工人們堅(jiān)持要求他們每天中午都有免費(fèi)的午餐，老板必須這樣做?？疾樘摂M語氣。Insist表示“堅(jiān)持，要求”，其后面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣，“should+

動詞原形”

。故答案是(should)begiven。

asif從句中的虛擬語氣用法【知識積累·練前熱身】【知識積累·練前熱身】1.asif引導(dǎo)的從句，當(dāng)說話人認(rèn)為句子所述的是真實(shí)的或極有可能發(fā)生或存在的情況時，使用陳述語氣。Lookatthedarkclouds.Itlooks

asifitisgoingtorain.看，烏云密布！看起來好像要下雨了。（根據(jù)烏云密布跡象，下雨有可能發(fā)生，真實(shí)情況）2.asif引導(dǎo)的從句，當(dāng)說話人認(rèn)為句子所述的是非真實(shí)的或極少有可能發(fā)生或存在的情況時，使用虛擬語氣。(1)若表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)不符，從句謂語動詞用一般過去時did/were；Paultalksaboutthetheory

asifhekneweverything.Shelooks

asifsheweretenyearsyounger.(2)若表示與過去事實(shí)不符，從句謂語動詞用過去完成時haddone；Theybegantotalkwarmlyasiftheyhadknowneachotherforlong.(3)若表示與將來事實(shí)不符，從句謂語動詞用would/could/might/should+do。Heopenedhismouth

asifhewouldsaysomething.注意：在虛擬語氣的從句中，be動詞的過去時態(tài)一律用were，不用was。1.Thesoldierrememberseverythingexactlyasifit_______(happen)yesterday.【答案】happened【詳解】句意：士兵完全記得一切，似乎它就發(fā)生在昨天?？疾樘摂M語氣。asif意為“仿佛；好像”，其后的從句可出現(xiàn)虛擬語氣，表示與事實(shí)相反，句中remembers為一般現(xiàn)在時，故asif從句中用一般過去時表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣。故答案是happened。2.Theteachertreatsthepupilasifhe______(be)herownchild.【答案】were【詳解】句意：老師對待這個學(xué)生就像對待自己的孩子一樣?？疾樘摂M語氣。asif引導(dǎo)的從句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，謂語動詞用一般過去時，be動詞常用were。故答案是were。3.ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifI(do)it?【答案】haddone【詳解】句意：是約翰打破了窗戶。你為什么跟我說話就好像是我干的似的?考查虛擬語氣。此處是由asif引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣，題中broke表明“打壞窗戶”發(fā)生在“過去”，與過去事實(shí)相反，asif后面的從句用過去完成時(haddone)表示對“過去”的虛擬。故答案是haddone。4.Liveeachdayasifwe______(die)tomorrow,whichisagoodruletoliveby.【答案】would/could/might/

shoulddie【詳解】句意：每天活著時都當(dāng)作第二天就死亡那樣安排?？疾樘摂M語氣。此處是由asif引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣，題中tomorrow表明發(fā)生在“將來”，與將來事實(shí)相反，asif后面的從句用“would/could/might/

should+動詞原形”表示對“將來”的虛擬。故答案是would/could/might/

shoulddie。5.IfeltlostandanxiousasifI___________(miss)somethingofvalue.

【答案】hadmissed【詳解】句意：我感到迷茫和焦慮，就好像我錯過了什么有價(jià)值的東西?？疾樘摂M語氣。結(jié)合語境可知，此處asif引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣，與過去事實(shí)相反(felt)，從句用“had+過去分詞”。故答案是hadmissed。6.Whatmakesmeannoyedisthattheycompletelyignorethesefactsasiftheynever_________(exist).

【答案】existed【詳解】句意：使我生氣的是，他們完全忽略了這些事實(shí)，就仿佛它們不存在似的?？疾樘摂M語氣。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，asif引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，且表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)(makes/is/ignore)，故從句中的時態(tài)是一般過去時，謂語動詞要用過去式existed，故答案是existed。7.Thesecretaryalwaysactsasifshe______(be)therealbossofthecompany.【答案】were【詳解】句意：這個秘書總是表現(xiàn)得好像她是這個公司真正的老板似的?？疾樘摂M語氣。asif引導(dǎo)的虛擬方式狀語從句，表示與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反(acts)，要使用一般過去時，在虛擬中表與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反be動詞一般都用were，故答案是were。8.Hefeltsocoldthathekepttrembling

asifhe(be)

unabletoendureitanymore.【答案】was【詳解】句意：他冷得發(fā)抖，好像再也忍受不了了。考查謂語動詞。asif引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，當(dāng)說話人認(rèn)為句子所述的是真實(shí)的或極有可能發(fā)生或存在的情況時，不用虛擬語氣，而用陳述語氣。此處結(jié)合語境，有發(fā)抖跡象，可知這是真實(shí)情況，使用陳述語氣。根據(jù)句中的felt，kept可知，應(yīng)該用一般過去時。故答案是was。9.Thedisappointedgirllistenedasifshe

(turn)intoastone.【答案】hadbeenturned【詳解】句意：那個沮喪的女孩聽著，好像她已經(jīng)變成了一塊石頭?？疾樘摂M語氣。分析句子可知，此處為asif引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句，從句需用虛擬語氣用法，由主句動詞listened為過去時可知，表示與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，此處從句動詞應(yīng)為過去完成時；表示“被變成”應(yīng)為動詞短語beturnedinto。故答案是hadbeenturned。10.Childhoodmemoriescamebacktomesoclearly,asiftheevents

(happen)onlyyesterday.【答案】hadhappened【詳解】句意：童年的記憶清晰地浮現(xiàn)在我的腦海中，就好像這些事情就發(fā)生在昨天?？疾樘摂M語氣。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，這里考查asif引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句的虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)，這句話描述的是過去的事情（cameback），用對過去的虛擬，用過去完成時haddone。故答案是had

happened。一、閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Schooldaysaresupposedtobethebestdaysofyourlifeandpartofthatexperienceusuallyinvolvessomeunforgettablephysicalactivities.Iaskedsomepeopletogivemetheirmemoriesofwhathappenedtothemonthesportsfieldandbeyond,andthisiswhattheytoldme.CupwinnersWhenIwasaboutten,thefootballteamfromouryearunexplainablymadeittothecupfinalofthelocalschools’league.IsayunexplainablybecauseIonlyrememberuslosingnearlyeverymatchweplayed.Anyway,inthefinalIsetupthewinninggoal,abrilliantcrosstomymateDavidwhoheadedtheballinjustbeforethefinalwhistle.Istillhaveaphotographoftheteamholdingthecup.ForesthikeIrememberhavingtoleadagroupofeightboysonaschoolexpeditionforthebestpartoftwodayswhenIwasateenager.Eventhoughwegotlostatonepoint,Imanagedtokeepthemalltogetherandgetthemfromoneendofalargeforesttotheotherandbackbysheer(純粹的)forceofwill.Iwaschosentobetheleader,IthinkbecauseIwastheonlyonewhoknewhowtoreadamap!Whenwearrivedbackatthecampsite,wefoundoutthatalltheothergroupshadcheatedandhitched(搭便車)mostofthewayinstead…Ifeltabitstupid,butalsoratherproudofmyselfatthesametimeforhavingdoneitproperly.Learningtoswim,learningtodrownIlearnedtoswimcomparativelylate,Isuppose.Iwasmaybenineyearsoldbutmybrotherhadapainfulexperiencethatnearlyputhimoffforlife.WelivedintheUSAforawhileandhadaccesstoauniversitypoolwherethecoacheshadtrainedtheAmericanOlympicteam.Inthosedays,though,theirideaofteachingkidshowtoswimwastotieacantotheirankleswithabitofstring,throwtheminthedeepend,andshout“Swim!”.Iamsurprisedmybrothersurvivedatall.Hecouldonlyhavebeenaboutsixatthetime.1.Thepassagemainlytalksabout________.A.tipsontakingpartinoutdooractivities B.howpeopleconsiderphysicalactivitiesC.whypeopleloveoutdooractivities D.people’sexperiencesofphysicalactivities2.Whatdidthefirstpersondointheschool’scupfinal?A.Hescoredthewinninggoal.B.Heprovidedthepassforthefinalgoal.C.Heblewthewhistleattheendofthegame.D.Helosteverygameintheseason.3.Theunderlinedword“expedition”inthethirdparagraphhasthesamemeaningto“________”.A.match B.deal C.trip D.research4.Itcanbelearnedthatwhenthethirdpersonwasyoung,________.A.helearnedswimmingfromthesamecoachashiselderbrotherB.theswimmingcoach’steachingmethodwasratherinconsiderateC.hisfamilylivednearauniversitypoolforabouttenyearsD.theAmericanOlympicteamhadnoswimmingpoolofitsown【答案】1．D2．B3．C4．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。上學(xué)的日子應(yīng)該是你一生中最美好的日子，而這段經(jīng)歷的一部分通常包括一些難忘的體育活動。文章作者記載一些人在運(yùn)動場上和其他地方發(fā)生的往事經(jīng)歷?！窘馕觥?.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段Schooldaysaresupposedtobethebestdaysofyourlifeandpartofthatexperienceusuallyinvolvessomeunforgettablephysicalactivities.及全文內(nèi)容可知，上學(xué)的日子應(yīng)該是你一生中最美好的日子，而這段經(jīng)歷的一部分通常包括一些難忘的體育活動。文章作者記載一些人在運(yùn)動場上和其他地方發(fā)生的往事經(jīng)歷。故選D。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段Anyway,inthefinalIsetupthewinninggoal,abrilliantcrosstomymateDavidwhoheadedtheballinjustbeforethefinalwhistle.（在決賽中我制造了勝利的良機(jī)，我的隊(duì)友大衛(wèi)在終場哨聲吹響前頭球破門。）可知，作者為最終進(jìn)球提供了機(jī)會。故選B。3.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文中Eventhoughwegotlostatonepoint（迷路）和Whenwearrivedbackatthecampsite（回到營地）提示可以猜測，他們參加的是學(xué)校探險(xiǎn)旅行。故選C。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Inthosedays,though,theirideaofteachingkidshowtoswimwastotieacantotheirankleswithabitofstring,throwtheminthedeependandshout“Swim!”.可知，教練教孩子們游泳的方法是用一根繩子把一個罐子綁在他們的腳踝上，把他們?nèi)舆M(jìn)深處，然后大喊“游泳!”，可以推斷出，游泳教練的教學(xué)方法相當(dāng)輕率。故選B。二、七選五閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Everyweek,eveneveryday,wehavelotsofdifferenttaskstofinish.1However,theadvantagesofvolunteeringcanbehuge.Volunteeringcanofferhelptopeopleinneed.Buttheadvantagescanbeevengreaterforthevolunteers.Why?2Studieshavefoundthatwhenyoustopthinkingaboutyourownproblemsandfocusonsomeoneotherthanyourself,yourstresslevelsstarttogodown,yourimmunesystem(免疫系統(tǒng))isstrengthenedandyouroverallsenseoflifesatisfactionincreases.Thisisbecausehelpingsomeoneelsegivesyouasenseofpurposeandmakesyoupayattentiontothepositivethingsinlife.Volunteeringhelpsyoudevelopnewrelationships.3Anditgivesyouthegoodchancetocommunicatewiththem.Thesecanhelpyouformcloserelationshipswiththem.Theserelationshipscanhavealastinginfluenceonyourlife.Volunteeringteachesyouvaluablejobskills.Duringvolunteering,youcanhavelotsofchancestolearnusefulandimportantskills.Forexample,volunteerorganizationsalwaysprovideon-the-jobtrainingcoursesforvolunteersbeforetheystartthework.Thosecoursescanhelpyoulearnsomeskillsforcertainjobs.4Volunteeringmakesyourresume(簡歷)attractive.Areyoustuckforthingstowriteonyourresumetogetthejobyouwant?5Studieshavefoundthosewhovolunteeredhadabetterchanceoffindingajobthanthosewhodidn't.Whetheryoudoonethingonaregularbasis,orhelpwithlotsofdifferentcausesforshorteramountsoftime,eachvoluntaryexperienceyouhavelooksgreattoyourfuturebosses.A.Volunteeringmakesyouindependent.B.Andthey'reoftenofferedtoyouforfree.C.Volunteeringcanbegoodforyourhealth.D.Itletsyoumeetpeoplefromallwalksoflife.E.Ifso,therearesomegoodsuggestionsforyou.F.Dealwithitbyshowingthevolunteerworkyouhavedone.G.Withbusylives,itcanbehardtofindtimetovolunteer.【答案】1.G2.C3.D4.B5.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了志愿服務(wù)對志愿者有諸多好處。【1題詳解】前文"Everyweek,eveneveryday,wehavelotsofdifferenttaskstofinish.(每周，甚至每天，我們都有很多不同的任務(wù)要完成)”講述了我們在生活有許多事要做，后文"Howevertheadvantagesofvolunteeringcanbehuge.(然而，志愿服務(wù)的好處是巨大的)”與空處形成轉(zhuǎn)折，講述了志愿服務(wù)有很大的好處。由此可知，空處應(yīng)講述繁忙的生活很難讓人抽出時間從事志愿工作，G項(xiàng)“生活繁忙，很難抽出時間做志愿者?！狈项}意。故選G?！?題詳解】根據(jù)后文'Studieshavefoundthatwhenyoustopthinkingaboutyourownproblemsandfocusonsomeoneotherthanyourselfyourstresslevelsstarttogodown,yourimmunesystem(免疫系統(tǒng))isstrengthenedandyouroverallsenseofifsatisfactionincreases.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)你停止思考自己的問題，把注意力集中在自己以外的人身上時，你的壓力水平就會開始下降，你的免疫系統(tǒng)就會增強(qiáng)，你的整體生活滿意度也會提高)”可知，本段主要講述的是從事志愿工作對人的身體健康有好處，C項(xiàng)“志愿服務(wù)對你的健康有益。"”符合題意。故選C。【3題詳解】前文"Volunteeringhelpsyoudevelopnewrelationships.(志愿服務(wù)可以幫助你建立新的關(guān)系)”講述了志愿服務(wù)有助于建立新的關(guān)系，所以空處應(yīng)講述志愿服務(wù)能夠讓人結(jié)識各種各樣的人，D項(xiàng)“它可以讓你結(jié)識各行各業(yè)的人?！狈项}意，選項(xiàng)中的!t指代前文的Volunteering，且與后文的i對應(yīng)，選項(xiàng)中的people對應(yīng)后文的them，故選D?！?題詳解】前文"Forexample,volunteerorganizationsalwaysprovideon-the-jobtrainingcoursesforvolunteersbeforetheystartthework.Thosecoursescanhelpyoulearnsomeskillsforcertainjobs.(例如，志愿者組織總是在志愿者開始工作之前為他們提供在職培訓(xùn)課程。這些課程可以幫助你學(xué)習(xí)某些工作的技能)”講述了志愿者在提供服務(wù)之前會接受培訓(xùn)課程，這有助于學(xué)習(xí)某些工作的技能，空處應(yīng)講述這些課程是免費(fèi)提供的，B項(xiàng)“它們通常是免費(fèi)提供給你的。”符合題意，選項(xiàng)中的they指代前文的courses,故選B。【5題詳解】前文"Volunteeringmakesyourresume(簡歷)attractive.Areyoustuckforthingstowriteonyourresumetogetthejobyouwant?(志愿服務(wù)使你的簡歷更有吸引力。你是不是發(fā)愁為了得到想要的工作而要在簡歷上寫一些東西?)”講述了志愿服務(wù)有助干增加簡歷內(nèi)容，空處應(yīng)講述可以在簡歷上展現(xiàn)自己的志愿工作經(jīng)歷。F項(xiàng)“通過展示你所做的志愿者工作來處理它?！狈项}意，選項(xiàng)中的it指代前文的yourresume。故選F。三、完型填空閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。GrowingupintheUSA,Ialwayswantedtoexperienceanotherculture.The1camewhenIwas15.Afterafewmonthsofplanningand2,Iwasreadytospendthesecondsemesterofmyfirsthighschoolyear3anexchangestudentinAustralia.4inPerthwasoneofthemostexcitingmomentsofmylife.Irealizedthenthattherewasnoturningback.ThefamilyIwouldlivewithwaswaitingforme,anditwouldonlybefivedays5thenewschoolyear.TheschoolIattendedwas6myschoolbackintheStates.Iwasquite7atfirst,especiallyneverhavingbeentoanewschool—evenintheUS.Everythingwentwithout8,though.Theteacherswerewelcomingandthestudentswerefriendly.Themost9timewastravellingwithotherexchangestudentsaroundAustraliaduringoursemesterbreak.Thefewweekswe10togetherwerefullofamazingactivities.Attheendofour11inAustralia,wehadthreeweekstoshareourstoriesandhelpeachotherdealwithleaving.Itwasonly12thatourlastdaytogetherwasfilledwithtears.Wepackedourcamp,13e-mailaddressesandgatheredtogetherforafinalgood-bye.Uponcominghome,anopenmindwasagainimportant.Resettlinghometooktimeand14,butatlastImadeit.Allthewhile,IwasthoughtfultolettingmyfamilyandfriendsknowhowhappyIwastobehomeandhowmuchIhadmissedthem—thoughtheexperienceisstill15withme.So,ifyouhavetheopportunitytostudyabroadyoumostcertainlyshould.1.A.task B.dream C.chance D.vacation2.A.packing B.convincing C.performing D.preparing3.A.as B.on C.for D.with4.A.Flying B.Landing C.Working D.Studying5.A.since B.until C.after D.before6.A.similarto B.differentfrom C.asgoodas D.thesameas7.A.excited B.annoyed C.worried D.confused8.A.hope B.doubt C.difficulties D.argument9.A.valuable B.acceptable C.comfortable D.unforgettable10.A.spent B.lived C.studied D.worked11.A.stay B.visit C.trip D.holidays12.A.funny B.natural C.strange D.simple13.A.made B.wrote C.shared D.exchanged14.A.effort B.money C.ability D.wisdom15.A.sadly B.clearly C.lively D.amazingly【答案】1．C

2．D

3．A

4．B

5．D

6．B

7．C

8．C

9．D

10．A

11．A

12．B

13．D

14．A

15．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己在澳洲一段印象深刻而又難忘的交換生經(jīng)歷。1．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在我15歲的時候，機(jī)會來了。A.task任務(wù)；B.dream夢想；C.chance機(jī)會；D.vacation假期。由前文“Ialwayswantedtoexperienceanotherculture.”和空后“anexchangestudentinAustralia.”可知，作者一直想要體驗(yàn)另一種文化，后來作者去加拿大做交換生，由此可知，作者的機(jī)會來了。故選C。2．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過幾個月的計(jì)劃和準(zhǔn)備，我已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了作為交換生在澳大利亞度過高中第一學(xué)年的第二學(xué)期。A.packing打包；B.convincing說服；C.performing表演，做；D.preparing準(zhǔn)備。由后文“anexchangestudentinAustralia.”可知，因?yàn)樽髡咦隽艘幻粨Q生，由此可知，這是經(jīng)過幾個月的計(jì)劃和準(zhǔn)備得到的結(jié)果。故選D。3．考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過幾個月的計(jì)劃和準(zhǔn)備，我已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了作為交換生在澳大利亞度過高中第一學(xué)年的第二學(xué)期。A.as作為；B.on在……之上；C.for為了；D.with和……一起。由空后“anexchangestudentinAustralia.”可知，作者是作為交換生的身份去澳大利亞的，as作為，符合題意。故選A。4．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在珀斯著陸是我一生中最激動人心的時刻之一。A.Flying飛行；B.Landing著陸；C.Working工作；D.Studying學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)后文“Irealizedthenthattherewasnoturningback.”可知，作者坐飛機(jī)到達(dá)澳洲的珀斯，這是作者一生中最激動的時刻。故選B。5．考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我要住的那個家庭正在等著我，離新學(xué)年只有五天了。A.since自從，因?yàn)?；B.until直到；C.after在……之后；D.before在……之前。由前文描述可知，作者剛來澳洲珀斯，所以表示在開學(xué)前的前5天到達(dá)這里。故選D。6．考查固定短語辨析。句意：我上的學(xué)校和我在美國的學(xué)校不一樣。A.similarto與……相似；B.differentfrom與……不同；C.asgoodas和……一樣好；D.thesameas與……相同。作者在澳洲新學(xué)校，結(jié)合常識可知，澳洲學(xué)校和美國學(xué)校不一樣。故選B。7．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一開始我很擔(dān)心，尤其是從來沒有到過一所新學(xué)校，即使是在美國。A.excited興奮的；B.annoyed生氣的；C.worried擔(dān)心的；D.confused困惑的。由后文“especiallyneverhavingbeentoanewschool”可知，因?yàn)樽髡邚奈慈ミ^新學(xué)校，所以一開始作者很擔(dān)心。故選C。8．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不過，一切都很順利，沒有困難。A.hope希望；B.doubt懷疑；C.difficulties困難；D.argument爭論。由空后副詞though和“Theteacherswerewelcomingandthestudentswerefriendly.”，可知，一切進(jìn)展順利，沒有困難。故選C。9．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最難忘的一段時光是在假期和其他交換生一起環(huán)游澳大利亞。A.valuable珍貴的；B.acceptable可接受的；C.comfortable舒服的；D.unforgettable難忘的。由后文“…werefullofamazingactivities.”可知，因?yàn)楹推渌粨Q生一起環(huán)游澳洲有很多令人驚訝的活動，由此可知，這段時刻讓作者難忘。故選D。10．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們一起度過的幾個星期充滿了令人驚奇的活動。A.spent花費(fèi)，度過；B.lived居??；C.studied學(xué)習(xí)，研究；D.worked工作。由前一句描述可知，作者和其他交換生一起環(huán)游澳大利亞，所以此處指他們一起度過的幾個星期。故選A。11．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在澳大利亞停留的最后階段，我們有三個星期的時間來分享我們的故事，并互相幫助處理離開的問題。A.stay停留；B.visit參觀；C.trip旅途；D.holidays假期。根據(jù)后文“helpeachotherdealwithleaving.”可知，因?yàn)樽髡咚麄円x開澳洲了，所以空處指他們在澳洲停留的最后階段。故選A。12．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們在一起的最后一天淚流滿面，這是很自然的。A.funny搞笑的；B.natural自然的；C.strange奇怪的；D.simple簡單的。作者他們要分別了，哭泣的是發(fā)生是很自然的。故選B。13．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們收拾好宿舍，交換電子郵件地址，聚在一起做最后的告別。A.made制作；B.wrote寫；C.shared分享；D.exchanged交換。因?yàn)榇蠹乙謩e了，所以大家都在交換電子郵件地址。故選D。14．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：重新安定下來需要時間和努力，但最后我做到了。A.effort努力；B.money金錢；C.ability能力；D.wisdom智慧。根據(jù)常識可知，因?yàn)橹匦掳捕ㄏ聛?，需要一定時間和努力。故選A。15．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：一直以來，我都在考慮讓我的家人和朋友知道我在家有多開心，我有多想念他們，盡管我仍然清楚地記得這段經(jīng)歷。A.sadly悲傷地；B.clearly清楚地；C.lively活躍地；D.amazingly令人驚訝地。由后文“So,ifyouhavetheopportunitytostudyabroadyoumostcertainlyshould.”，作者對這段留學(xué)經(jīng)歷印象深刻，記憶猶新，所以此處需用副詞clearly。故選B。一、閱讀閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A2024BritishDayNeedsVolunteers!TheBritishDayhasbecomeanimportantpartoftheannualgrandeventsinGuangdongProvincesince2010,whichwelcomesfriendsfromallovertheworld.Thisyear’sBritishDayisthemed“CoolBritannia”,takingyouonachildhoodtimemachinetoexplorechildhoodmemories.Andherevolunteersareneeded.When&WhereDate:Saturday,Nov.2,2024,from11:00AMto5:00PM.Location:ZhujiangNewTown,TianheDistrict,GuangzhouCity.WhotoapplyMainlyforcollegestudentsstudyingintheGreaterBayAreawho*areeagertospreadChineseandforeigncultures;*havegoodoralEnglishcommunicationskillsandexperienceinvolunteeringforlargeoutdooractivities;*haveastrongsenseofresponsibilityandteamwork.Whattogain*TheexperienceofculturalexchangesbetweenChinaandtheUK;*TheopportunitytoimproveyouroralEnglish;*Volunteercertificates(證書)(inChineseandEnglish)andthank-youletters;*Alimited-editionT-shirtofBritishDayasasouvenir.WhattodoVolunteerswillhandledifferenttasks.Group1:Handleon-siteticketing,eventlayoutandmaterialsorting.Group2:Offereventguidancetoguests.Answerquestionsfromstallownersandguests.Group3:Assiststageactivitieslikeperformancestoensuresmoothprogress.Group4:Aidincharityraffle(慈善抽獎)ticketsales,includingintroducingactivitiesandsortingprizes.HowtoapplyPleasesendyourresume(簡歷)withasimpleself-introductiontoevents@before12:00noon,BeijingtimeonOct.22,2024.VolunteerssuccessfullyselectedwillbeinformedbyphoneandemailbeforeOct.24.Volunteerswhohavebeenacceptedbutareunabletoparticipateduetopersonalreasonsmustapplytotheorganizeratleastfivedaysinadvance.Comeandjoinus!1.Whatcanguestsdoonthisyear’sBritishDay?A.Makeatimemachine.B.VisittheBritishcities.C.Interviewsomevolunteers.D.Experiencechildhoodhappinessagain.2.Whoaremostlikelytobeacceptedasvolunteersfortheevent?A.HighschoolstudentsinGuangzhouwhoaregoodatoralEnglish.B.StudentsofShenzhenUniversitywhooftengotooutdoorcommunityservices.C.ProfessionalsinGuangzhouwhotrytopromotetheculturalexchanges.D.BritishcollegestudentswholoveChinesecultureandspeakChinesefluently.3.WhichstatementisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Volunteersarerequiredtoworkmorethan8hoursfortheevent.B.VolunteerswillgainacommonT-shirtasapresent.C.Volunteerswillallhavetooffereventguidancetoguests.D.VolunteersunabletoservetheeventshouldinformtheorganizerbeforeOct.28,2024.【答案】1.D2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了2024年英國日招募志愿者的情況?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thisyear’sBritishDayisthemed“CoolBritannia”,takingyouonachildhoodtimemachinetoexplorechildhoodmemories.(今年的英國日以“CoolBritannia”為主題，帶你坐上童年時光機(jī)，探索童年回憶)”可知，房客在今年的英國日可以重溫童年的快樂。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whotoapply部分的“MainlyforcollegestudentsstudyingintheGreaterBayAreawho(主要針對在大灣區(qū)學(xué)習(xí)的大學(xué)生)”及“havegoodoralEnglishcommunicationskillsandexperienceinvolunteeringforlargeoutdooractivities;(具有良好的英語口語溝通技巧和大型戶外活動志愿服務(wù)經(jīng)驗(yàn))”可知，經(jīng)常參加戶外社區(qū)服務(wù)的深圳大學(xué)生最有可能成為活動的志愿者。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“VolunteerssuccessfullyselectedwillbeinformedbyphoneandemailbeforeOct.24.Volunteerswhohavebeenacceptedbutareunabletoparticipateduetopersonalreasonsmustapplytotheorganizeratleastfivedaysinadvance.(成功入選的志愿者將在10月24日前通過電話和電子郵件得到通知。已被接受但因個人原因無法參加的志愿者必須至少提前五天向組織者提出申請)”可知，必須提前五天告知負(fù)責(zé)人，也就是要在10月28日前通知主辦單位。故選D項(xiàng)。BJoyceLoaizalivesaloneinacommunityforolderpeopleintheAmericanstateofFlorida.Whensheishome,theretiredofficeworkeroftentalksinafriendlyfemalevoicethatasksaboutherday.Afewkilometersaway,thesamevoicehelped83-year-oldDeannaDezernwhenherfrienddied.InNewYorkstate,itplaysgamesandmusicfor92-year-oldMarieBroadbent.AndinWashingtonstate,ithelps83-year-oldJanWorrellmakenewfriends.ThewomenaresomeofthefirstintheUnitedStatestoreceivetherobotElliQmadebyIntuitionRobotics.Thecompanyandotherofficialssayitistheonlydevice(設(shè)備)usingartificialintelligence(AI)tohelpolderAmericansfromloneliness.Thedevicelookslikeasmalltablelight,whichhasaneyeless,mouthlessheadthatlightsupandturns.Itrememberseachuser’sinterestsandtheirtalks,helpingcreateaspecialexperiencewitheachnewdiscussion.Itcanbeasdeepasthemeaningoflifeoraslightasasmalljoke.ElliQalsoplaysmusicandprovidescreativeorencouragingsayings.Onavideoscreenthatcomeswithit,itwillshowdifferentcitiesandplacesofinterest.Thedeviceleadsexercises,asksabouttheowner’shealth,andgivesreminderstotakemedicinesanddrinkwater.Itcanalsosupportvideocallsandcontactfamily,friends,ordoctorsinanemergency.IntuitionRoboticssaysnoneoftheconversationsareheardbythecompany,withtheinformationstayingoneachowner’sdevice.CharlotteMather-TaylorisdirectoroftheBrowardCounty,Florida,AreaAgencyonAging.ShesaidtheCOVID-19pandemicanditsfollowingresultsleftmanyolderpeoplemoredisconnected.Heragencyhasprovided300ElliQswhich,shebelieves,helpthesituation.Shesaid,“We’veseenverypositiveresultswithit.Peoplegenerallylikeherandshemakesthemsmileandbringsjoy.”BrighamYoungUniversityprofessorJulianneHolt-Lunstad,whostudiestheeffectsoflonelinessonhealth,worriesthatadevicelikeElliQmighthaveshort-termhelpfuleffectsbutitcouldmakepeoplelesslikelytoseekhumancommunication.ShetoldTheAssociatedPressthatthedifficultfeelingoflonelinessshouldpushpeopletoreconnectsocially.4.WhatmakestherobotElliQunique?A.ItismadebyIntuitionRoboticsinAmerica. B.Itcanplaygamesandmusicfortheold.C.ItusesAItohelptheoldfightloneliness. D.Itcantalkinafriendlyfemalevoice.5.WhatdoweknowaboutElliQs?A.Theyareintelligentandwell-roundedwomen.B.Theycanhavedeepdiscussionswiththeowners.C.Theyaresmalltablelightswithhuman-likeheads.D.Theymaysendtheconversationstothecompany.6.WhatcanbeinferredfromHolt-Lunstad’scomment?A.ElliQswillpushmorepeopletoreconnectsocially.B.ElliQsmakenodifferencetosmoothingoutloneliness.C.ElliQswillhaveapromisingfuturefortheirgoodeffects.D.ElliQswillhavelesshelpfuleffectsinthelongterm.7.What’sthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.TointroduceaspecialAIdevice.B.Toshowushowtooperateanewdevice.C.Tooffersomeadviceonremovingloneliness.D.Tocallformorecarefortheold.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了一款設(shè)備——機(jī)器人ElliQ。ElliQ的特殊之處在于它是唯一一款使用人工智能來幫助美國老年人對抗孤獨(dú)的設(shè)備?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thecompanyandotherofficialssayitistheonlydevice(設(shè)備)usingartificialintelligence(AI)tohelpolderAmericansfromloneliness.(該公司和其他官員表示，這是唯一一款使用人工智能（AI）幫助美國老年人擺脫孤獨(dú)的設(shè)備)”可知，ElliQ的特殊之處在于它能夠運(yùn)用人工智能與老人交流來幫助老年人對抗孤獨(dú)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Itrememberseachuser’sinterestsandtheirtalks,helpingcreateaspecialexperiencewitheachnewdiscussion.Itcanbeasdeepasthemeaningoflifeoraslightasasmalljoke.(它能記住每個用戶的興趣和他們的談話內(nèi)容，為每次新的討論創(chuàng)造一種特殊的體驗(yàn)。它可以像生命的意義一樣深刻，也可以像一個小笑話一樣輕松)”可知，ElliQ可以與主人進(jìn)行深入的討論。故選B項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“BrighamYoungUniversityprofessorJulianneHolt-Lunstad,whostudiestheeffectsoflonelinessonhealth,worriesthatadevicelikeElliQmighthaveshort-termhelpfuleffectsbutitcouldmakepeoplelesslikelytoseekhumancommunication.(楊百翰大學(xué)教授朱莉安娜·霍爾特-倫斯塔德研究孤獨(dú)對健康的影響，她擔(dān)心像ElliQ這樣的設(shè)備可能會有短期的有益效果，但它可能會讓人們不太愿意尋求人際交流)”可知，從長遠(yuǎn)來看，ElliQ幫助效果不大，故選D項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“ThewomenaresomeofthefirstintheUnitedStatestoreceivetherobotElliQmadebyIntuitionRobotics.Thecompanyandotherofficialssayitistheonlydevice(設(shè)備)usingartificialintelligence(AI)tohelpolderAmericansfromloneliness.(這些女性是美國首批接收由IntuitionRobotics制造的機(jī)器人ElliQ的女性。該公司和其他官員表示，這是唯一一款使用人工智能（AI）幫助美國老年人擺脫孤獨(dú)的設(shè)備)”以及文章第一到第五段主要介紹機(jī)器人設(shè)備ElliQ的功能，即使用人工智能幫助美國老年人擺脫孤獨(dú)。最后兩段分別介紹了佛羅里達(dá)州布勞沃德縣老齡化地區(qū)機(jī)構(gòu)的主任CharlotteMather-Taylor和楊百翰大學(xué)教授JulianneHolt-Lunstad對這款設(shè)備的看法?？芍?，本文的主要寫作目的是介紹一款特殊的人工智能設(shè)備。故選A。二、語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空格處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。

TheRainbowBookstore,whichwasalegendaryfixtureintheneighbourhood,1(close)after50yearsofbusiness.IhadalongchatwithCasey,thestore’selderlyowner.He