PAGE1專題01閱讀理解提升練(初高中銜接)內(nèi)容導(dǎo)航考點(diǎn)聚焦：核心考點(diǎn)+高考考點(diǎn)，有的放矢重點(diǎn)速記：知識點(diǎn)和關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)梳理，查漏補(bǔ)缺難點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化：難點(diǎn)內(nèi)容標(biāo)注與講解，能力提升復(fù)習(xí)提升：真題感知+提升專練，全面突破核心考點(diǎn)聚焦考點(diǎn)一細(xì)節(jié)理解題考點(diǎn)一細(xì)節(jié)理解題細(xì)節(jié)理解題要求考生對閱讀材料中的某一具體事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行理解。它們大都是根據(jù)文章中的具體信息如事實(shí)、例證、原因、過程、論述等進(jìn)行提問的。有些問題可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些則需要我們在理解的基礎(chǔ)上將有關(guān)內(nèi)容系統(tǒng)化才能找到，比如計(jì)算、排序、是非判斷、圖形比較等。常見的命題方式通常有：1.特殊疑問句形式。以when,where,what,which,who,howmuch/many等疑問詞開頭引出的問題；2.以是非題的形式。true/false,nottrue/false或EXCEPT，近年這種題型較少；3.以Accordingto…開頭提問方式；4.以填空題的形式，如：(1)Toavoidattractingmountainlions,peopleareadvised________.(2)Bythefirstsentenceofthepassageauthormeansthat________.(3)Itseemsthatnowacountry’seconomydependsmuchon________.(4)Ifyouareinterestedinknowingaboutwhatpeople’slifewillbe,youmayvisit________.(5)Thepolicemenweretold“tolooktheotherway”(theunderlinedpartinParagraph2)sothat________.(6)Thepolicemanwhosaid“Goodevening”toRollswantedto________.5.就文中數(shù)字、排序、識圖等提問。做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)，大多數(shù)學(xué)生易出現(xiàn)的問題是閱讀速度太慢，缺乏一定的快速閱讀技巧，考生要培養(yǎng)自己快速獲取信息的能力。解答此類試題時(shí)，不必通篇細(xì)看原文，而常?？刹扇　皫е鴨栴}找答案”的方法.先從問題中抓住關(guān)鍵性詞語。然后以此為線索。要快速地辨認(rèn)和記憶事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)，就要恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用略讀及查讀的技巧快速在文章中尋找與此問題相關(guān)的段落、語句.仔細(xì)品味，對照比較.確定答案。除了運(yùn)用掃讀法(scanning)外，還可以兼用排除法.將“無此細(xì)節(jié)”和“與此細(xì)節(jié)相反”的選項(xiàng)排除。了解細(xì)節(jié)題干擾選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)也有助于考生提高答題的正確率。一般情況下，干擾項(xiàng)有如下幾個(gè)特點(diǎn)：(1)是原文信息，但不是題目要求的內(nèi)容；(2)符合常識，但不是文章內(nèi)容；(3)與原文的內(nèi)容極其相似，只是在程度上有些變動(dòng)；(4)在意思上與原文大相徑庭甚至完全相反；(5)部分正確，部分錯(cuò)誤。有的細(xì)節(jié)理解題只要直接辨認(rèn)不要求讀者對客觀的事實(shí)作出解釋或判斷，只要求從閱讀材料中直接獲取信息。同時(shí)還要求讀者記住重要細(xì)節(jié)，在必要的時(shí)候(做判斷、推斷或結(jié)論的時(shí)候)能夠準(zhǔn)確而迅速地將他們回憶起來。解此類題要求考生快速抓住原文中的關(guān)鍵信息，直接得出答案，但要注意往往答案與原文中的語句并非一模一樣，而是用不同的詞語或句型結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)相同的意思。有的細(xì)節(jié)理解題就需要通過有關(guān)詞語和句子的轉(zhuǎn)換。利用主要事實(shí)、圖表、圖形來獲取信息，然后利用因果、類比、時(shí)間、空間等關(guān)系將零碎的細(xì)節(jié)經(jīng)過一系列加工、整理，方能做出正確的判斷。此類試題在高考中占大多數(shù)?？键c(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)二詞義猜測題在英語閱讀理解中的生詞障礙往往會(huì)成為學(xué)生理解的“絆腳石”，這些“絆腳石”的出現(xiàn)大致分五類：1.舊詞新義，考查詞匯表中未出現(xiàn)的詞義；如：NearbyistheIndianapolisracecourse,wherethenation’smostfamouscarraceisheldeachyearonMay30th.我們學(xué)過course的意思是“過程，課程”等，在此顯然不符句意。根據(jù)上下文course是汽車賽舉行的地方，可推斷course在該句是“車道”或“跑道”的意思。2.合成詞、轉(zhuǎn)化詞與派生詞，如shoplifting，heartbroken，computer-literate，decision-thinking，imperfect等；3.“靈活”的常用詞增多，這些詞必須根據(jù)具體的上下文語境才能正確理解；4.“新鮮”的外國人名、地名、專有名稱增多，這些詞有些帶有一定的文化背景。5.超綱生詞。有的學(xué)生在閱讀訓(xùn)練和測試中存在著“生詞恐懼心理”，一遇到生詞就有讀不下去的感覺。那么閱讀理解時(shí)遇到大量生詞該怎么辦?查詞典當(dāng)然是排除詞義障礙的一種方法，當(dāng)然這只有在平常的閱讀訓(xùn)練中才可以使用。但是，頻繁的查閱詞典既影響閱讀速度，又容易破壞學(xué)生閱讀的思路和興趣。況且，一詞多義是英語詞匯的主要特點(diǎn)，詞典不一定能為學(xué)生提供單詞在特定的上下文中的具體或確切的含義。平時(shí)的練習(xí)中遇到生詞不要馬上查詞典，可以通過一定的方法來猜測理解。猜測詞義不僅是一項(xiàng)閱讀技巧，也是高考閱讀能力考查的一個(gè)方面，每年在高考閱讀中都有猜測詞義的試題。掌握正確方法快速而又準(zhǔn)確地猜測出生詞的含義，對提高閱讀速度和答題效率相當(dāng)重要。該類題常見的考查形式有：1.Thephrase“…”inthesentencecouldbereplacedby____.2.Theword“…”intheparagraphrefersto____.3.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordintheparagraph?/Whatdoestheunlinedwordmean?4.Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningtothephrase“…”?5.Theword“…”mostnearlymeans____.對此類試題，考生應(yīng)該進(jìn)行大膽猜測，但這種猜測不是胡亂的，盲目的，而是有一定的方法和技巧?？键c(diǎn)三推理判斷題考點(diǎn)三推理判斷題推理判斷題主要考查學(xué)生根據(jù)文章的字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓意等。推理判斷題屬于主觀性較強(qiáng)的高層次閱讀理解題。做這類題時(shí)，考生應(yīng)在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上，從文章本身所提供的信息出發(fā)，運(yùn)用邏輯思維，同時(shí)借助一定的常識進(jìn)行分析、推理、判斷。提問整篇文章或某句某段的含蓄意思時(shí)，問句中都含有infer,imply,indicate,suggest(推斷，暗指)等詞。對付這類題時(shí)我們不僅要弄懂文章字面的意思，更重要的是要知道文章潛在的含義，和作者所給的提示。同時(shí)要對文章的含義和作者的暗示作合理的猜測和推論。關(guān)鍵是：意思要靠推斷得出，而不是原文照搬。這就要把握住文章的主題思想和每段的內(nèi)容；明確作者的觀點(diǎn)及其寫作該文的目的；分析文章里所給的有關(guān)信息；注意詞匯在詞典的定義和詞典以外的含義；最后運(yùn)用自己的知識進(jìn)行由表及里的邏輯推理，挖出文章的伏筆，得出正確的推論。這種問題的提問方式通常有：1.Fromparagraph4wecaninferthat./Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?/Fromthelastparagraphwecaninferthat.2.Wecaninferfromthetextthat…/Whatcanwelearnfrom…?/Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat…3.Thelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphmostprobablyimpliesthat.4.Theauthorimpliesthatbytheyear2080,.5.Tosolvethepresentsocialproblemstheauthorsuggeststhatweshould.6.Theauthormentionsthefactthat…toshow.7.Thispassagewouldmostlikelybefoundin_________?8.Theauthor’sattitudetoward…is_________?9.Thetoneofthepassagecanbestbedescribedas_________?這些提問方式的答案一般在短文中不可能直接找到，必須根據(jù)提問中的某些關(guān)鍵字眼與短文中相應(yīng)的有關(guān)內(nèi)容加以邏輯推理或演算，從而得出某些作者并未說明卻已在字里行間所暗含的意思及觀點(diǎn)。具體的說，考生應(yīng)當(dāng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1.首先要注意一定要忠實(shí)于原文，以文章提供的事實(shí)和線索為依據(jù)。立足已知，推斷未知，遵循“詞不離句，句不離段，段不離篇”的原則。千萬不能主觀臆想，憑空想象，隨意揣測，更不能以自己的觀點(diǎn)代替作者的觀點(diǎn)。2.要吃透文章的字面意思，從字里行間捕捉有用的提示和線索，這是推理的前提和基礎(chǔ)。有的推斷，考生完全可以根據(jù)文章中所闡述的細(xì)節(jié)，再結(jié)合自己所掌握的基礎(chǔ)知識、有關(guān)背景知識或常識來幫助進(jìn)行分析、推敲，從而得出符合文章原意的結(jié)論。3.要對文字的表面信息進(jìn)行挖掘加工，由表及里，由淺入深，從具體到抽象，從特殊到一般，通過分析、綜合、判斷等，進(jìn)行深層處理，合乎邏輯地推理。不能就事論事，斷章取義，以偏概全。4.要把握句、段之間的邏輯關(guān)系，了解語篇的結(jié)構(gòu)，同時(shí)還要體會(huì)文章的基調(diào)，揣摩作者的態(tài)度，摸準(zhǔn)邏輯發(fā)展方向，悟出作者的言外之意?？键c(diǎn)四主旨大意題5.在解答推理性問題時(shí)，一定要注意確定推理依據(jù)的位置或范圍。應(yīng)清楚所要解答的問題需要針對某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行推斷，還是針對主題思想、作者的意圖進(jìn)行推斷。針對細(xì)節(jié)的推斷可運(yùn)用考點(diǎn)四主旨大意題高考閱讀理解對文章的主旨大意進(jìn)行命題，旨在考查考生通過對原文快速瀏覽正確獲取語篇的大意，并對文章的主題、標(biāo)題、段落、中心思想加以歸納理解以及辨別主要信息和次要信息的能力。要求考生在閱讀短文時(shí)，能夠提煉文章的中心情節(jié)，體會(huì)作者的主要意圖，充分運(yùn)用邏輯概括能力，透過字里行間獲取文章最具代表性的觀點(diǎn)、中心論點(diǎn)及作者的情感傾向。在高考閱讀理解中，針對短文主旨常見的命題形式如下：(1)Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?/Whatisthetopicofthetext?(2)Themaintopic/subjectofthepassageis_________.(3)Themainidea/Thegeneralideais/Themainthemeofthispassageis…(4)Thelastparagraphendsthepassagewithanemphasison_________.(5)Whatismainlydiscussedinthetext?(6)Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?(7)What’sthemainpointthewriteristryingtomakeinthelastparagraph?(8)Thepurposeofthispassageis.(9)Whichofthefollowingstatementsisbestsupportedbythetext?(10)Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizedthepassage?(11)Thepassagemainlyfocuseson.從上述命題形式可以看出，此類閱讀測試題主要可概括為兩大類，即怎樣理解段落及文章整體的中心思想和怎樣擬定或選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)臉?biāo)題。下面結(jié)合高考題實(shí)例來具體分析此類題目的解題技巧。【技巧點(diǎn)撥】文章是由段落組成的。段落是發(fā)展一個(gè)主題的一群句子，段落圍繞著中心思想展開，而段落的中心思想又是為文章整體的中心思想服務(wù)的。尋找具體段落的中心思想的方法是：通過分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，找出每小段的主題句，通過主題句找出文章的主題。找準(zhǔn)文章的主題句是確定文章主旨大意的關(guān)鍵。主題是文章要表達(dá)的中心思想，文章的主題句通常都有一個(gè)話題，它是文章的核心?！爸黝}句定位法”是一種行之有效的方法。但是由于文章的不同，表現(xiàn)的手法也各有不同，主題句出現(xiàn)的位置也不是一成不變的。在許多情況下，尤其在閱讀說明文和議論文時(shí)，根據(jù)其篇章特點(diǎn)我們可以通過尋找短文的主題句來歸納出文章的主題。主題句在文章中的位置通常有三種情況：開頭、中間、結(jié)尾(含在開頭結(jié)尾同時(shí)出現(xiàn)、首尾呼應(yīng)的主題句)。因此，仔細(xì)閱讀這類文章或段落的首尾句是關(guān)鍵。做主旨大意類試題多采用瀏覽法(skimming)，瀏覽時(shí)，一般不需逐句細(xì)讀，只選讀文章的首段、尾段，或每段的首句和尾句，重點(diǎn)搜索主題線索和主題信息。Passage1ExergamingExergamingismadeupofexercisewithvideogames.Andtherearelotstochoosefrom.DanceDanceRevolution(DDR)isafunwaytoworkout.Simplystandonaplatformandhitthecolouredtargetswithyourfeetasyoufollowtheinstructionsonthescreen.Youscorepointsbyhittingtherighttargetattherighttime.Asthetagline(標(biāo)語)says,“Takingdancingtoawholenewlevel!”Foragentlerformofexercise,trythe“WiiFit”seriesofgames.Youcandoyoga,strengthtrainingandsoonwhenstandingonabalanceboard.Personaliseyourworkout,orexercisewithafriend,competingingames!Anti-shoesAnti-shoesaredesignedtoexercisepartsofyourbodywhileyou’rewalking.They’remeanttoimproveyourfigure,andstrengthenyourlegandbackmuscles.TheshoeswereinventedbySwissengineerKarlMaller.HediscoveredthattheKenyanMasaitribespeople(whooftenwalkbarefoot)don’tsufferfrombackpainandarefamousfortheirperfectfigure.So,hedecidedthattheanswerwasashoewithacurvedsole(彎曲的鞋底).Walkingonthistypeofshoeissimilartotherockingmoveofafootwalkingonsoftsandorgrass.ZumbaZumbaisafunformofexercise.Astheirtaglinesays,“Droptheworkout,jointheparty!”ZumbaisaLatin-inspiredfitnessdanceprogrammethatuseship-hop,samba,martialartsandbellydancemovestogetyouinshape.ItwascreatedbyaccidentwhenatrainerforgothisexerciseCDandusedhisownsambamusicinstead.Therearelotsofdifferenttypesofclassesforalllevels,including“Zumbatomic”forchildrenaged4to12,“ZumbaGold”forolderparticipants,and“AquaZumba”amongmanyothers.1.Ifyouwanttoreduceyourbackpain,youcanchoose________.A.DDR B.WiiFit C.Anti-shoes D.Zumba2.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Youcanplay“WiiFit”gamesonaplatform.B.Zumbaistoodifficultfortheelderlytodance.C.Playinggamesalsohasgoodeffectsonhealth.D.Zumbaisacombinationofmanytypesofdance.3.Thetargetreadersofthepassagearethosewho________.A.areinterestedinhiking B.liketryingnewkindsofexerciseC.likeplayingvideogames D.wanttoimprovedancingskills【答案】1.C2.D3.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了Exergaming、Anti-shoes和Zumba這三種新型鍛煉方式的相關(guān)信息。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Anti-shoes部分的“TheshoeswereinventedbySwissengineerKarlMaller.HediscoveredthattheKenyanMasaitribespeople(whooftenwalkbarefoot)don’tsufferfrombackpainandarefamousfortheirperfectfigure.So,hedecidedthattheanswerwasashoewithacurvedsole(彎曲的鞋底).Walkingonthistypeofshoeissimilartotherockingmoveofafootwalkingonsoftsandorgrass.”(這種鞋是由瑞士工程師卡爾·馬勒發(fā)明的。他發(fā)現(xiàn)肯尼亞馬賽部落的人(經(jīng)常赤腳行走)不會(huì)背痛，而且以完美的身材而聞名。于是，他決定設(shè)計(jì)一款彎曲鞋底的鞋子。穿這種鞋走路就像腳在柔軟的沙灘或草地上行走時(shí)的一樣。)可知，Anti-shoes可以減少背部疼痛。故選C項(xiàng)。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Zumba部分“ZumbaisaLatin-inspiredfitnessdanceprogrammethatuseship-hop,samba,martialartsandbellydancemovestogetyouinshape.”(Zumba是一個(gè)受拉丁語啟發(fā)的健身舞蹈項(xiàng)目，它使用嘻哈、桑巴舞、武術(shù)和肚皮舞來讓你保持身材。)可知，Zumba是許多舞蹈類型的結(jié)合。故選D項(xiàng)。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)Exergaming部分“Exergamingismadeupofexercisewithvideogames.”(Exercgaming由運(yùn)動(dòng)和電子游戲組成。)、Anti-shoes部分“Anti-shoesaredesignedtoexercisepartsofyourbodywhileyou’rewalking.”(Anti-shoes是為了在走路時(shí)鍛煉身體的某個(gè)部位而設(shè)計(jì)的。)及Zumba部分“Zumbaisafunformofexercise.”(Zumba是一種有趣的鍛煉方式。)可知，本文介紹了三種新型的鍛煉方式。由此推知，本文的目標(biāo)讀者是一些想要嘗試新型運(yùn)動(dòng)的人。故選B項(xiàng)。Passage2SkatingSchoolWelcometoNorthwellHealthIceCenterSkatingSchool,thebestskatingschoolonLongIsland.Ourprogramsareforallagesandlevels;forskaterswhosimplywanttoskateforfunorhopetoachievetheOlympicdream.Ourcoachingstaff(全體職工)includesnationalandinternationalcoaches.AllofthemaremembersoftheProfessionalSkatersAssociation(職業(yè)花樣滑冰協(xié)會(huì))andaretryingtheirbesttoprovideourskaterswithasafeandfunenvironment.BelowyouwillfinddetailedinformationtohelpyouhaveafunandsuccessfulskatingexperienceatNorthwellHealthIceCenter.PROGRAMDevelopedbyLearntoSkateUSA,ourprogramsincludebasicthroughadvancedlevels.ARRIVALPleasetrytoarrive15minutesearly.Gotothegroupclassdeskinthehalltocheckin.SKATERENTAL(租費(fèi))Skaterentalsare$5.00.ATTIRE(服裝)Properattireisimportant.Theskatingschoolrecommendsglovesandawarmsweater.Pleasewearnosnowsuitsorskijackets.Helmetsarerequiredandallskatersmustprovidetheirown.PARENTSProfessionalsarenotallowedtospeaktoparentsduringclasstime.Ifyouhaveaproblem,pleasespeaktosomeoneintheskatingschooloffice,andtheywillbehappytohelpyou.ParentsareNEVERallowedtostepontheiceduringgrouplessons.REFUNDS(退款)Therewillbenorefundsafterregistration(注冊).MAKEUPCLASSESOnlyonemakeupclassisallowedandthatclassmustbemadeuponadifferentdaywithinthetwelve-weekclasses.Formoreinformation,pleasecall516-441-0070orcontactValerieMurrayatvalerie.murray@.1.Whatdoweknowabouttheskatingschool?A.Itacceptsstudentsofallages.B.Ithasastaffofallnativecoaches.C.Itdesignsitsownskatingprograms.D.Itrequiresstudentstowearskijackets.2.Whichofthefollowingisallowed?A.Students’goingtoschoolwithoutskates.B.Students’attendingclasseswithouthelmets.C.Parents’talkingtocoachesduringclasstime.D.Parents’steppingontheiceduringclasstime.3.YoucancontactValerieMurraywhenyouwantto_______.A.getrefunds B.makeupaclassC.askfortheprice D.checkinforagroupclass【答案】1.A2.A3.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一所滑冰學(xué)校的相關(guān)信息。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Ourprogramsareforallagesandlevels;forskaterswhosimplywanttoskateforfunorhopetoachievetheOlympicdream.(我們的項(xiàng)目適用于所有年齡和層次；為那些僅僅為了樂趣或希望實(shí)現(xiàn)奧林匹克夢而滑冰的選手而設(shè))”可知，這所滑冰學(xué)校接受所有年齡的學(xué)生。故選A。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ATTIRE(服裝)中的“Properattireisimportant.Theskatingschoolrecommendsglovesandawarmsweater.Pleasewearnosnowsuitsorskijackets.Helmetsarerequiredandallskatersmustprovidetheirown.(得體的著裝很重要?；鶎W(xué)校建議戴手套，穿暖和的毛衣。請不要穿雪衣或滑雪服。所有溜冰者必須提供自己的頭盔)”可知，學(xué)生不穿溜冰鞋上學(xué)是允許的。故選A。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Formoreinformation,pleasecall513-441-0070orcontactValerieMurrayatvalerie.murray@.(欲了解更多信息，請致電513-441-0070或與ValerieMurray聯(lián)系valerie.murray@)”可知，如果你想要詢問價(jià)格，你可以聯(lián)系ValerieMurray。故選C。Passage3NahanniNationalParkBesttime:betweenJuneandAugust.AnadventuredestinationatthenortherntipoftheEarthandoneofthefirstWorldNaturalHeritageSites,theparkcoversanareaof4,700squarekilometers.Itisavast,unexploredland,stillpreservingtheoriginallandscapeofwilderness,mountains,canyons,andcliffs.Youcanonlygetintotheparkbysmallplane!WoodBuffaloNationalParkBesttime:betweenJanuaryandMarch.Asitsnamesuggests,theparkisaprotectedareaforwoodbison.Thousandsofwoodbison(森林野牛)liveinthepark,andmanypeoplecomeforthem.Itisthelargestnationalparkintheareaandthesecondlargestintheworld,with44,807squarekilometersoflandbiggerthanSwitzerland,whereanimalscanplay.SambaaDehFallsTerritorialParkBesttime:betweenAugustandSeptember.SambaaDehFallsisamustvisit!Therapidsrollingbetweentherocks,thehugemistandtheloudroar(呼嘯聲)willtakeyourbreathaway.Upthewaterfall,thereisalsothebeautifulCoralFalls,andifSambaaDehisamajesticyoungman,CoralFallsisabeautifulyounggirl.Everyyear,alargenumberofcoralfossilsflowdowntheCoralFalls.Wouldyouliketopickoneup?IvvavikNationalParkBesttime:betweenJulyandAugust.StretchingfromtheBritishMountainstotheArcticcoastandendingwithAlaska’sBrooksRange,IvvavikNationalParkisastunningexpanseofmountainousdistrict.Plus!TheparkalsocontainsmanyculturalsitesofgreatsignificancetotheAboriginal(土著)peopleoftheNorth.Youcanfindanswerstoyouraboriginalcuriosityhere.1.Ofthefollowingparks,whichparkcanonlybereachedbyplane?A.NahanniNationalPark. B.IvvavikNationalPark.C.SambaaDehFallsTerritorialPark. D.WoodBuffaloNationalPark.2.WhatistherighttimeforvisitingSambaaDehFallsTerritorialPark?A.January. B.March. C.June. D.September.3.WhatcanvisitorsdoatIvvavikNationalPark?A.Theycanenjoythebeautyofthewilderness.B.Theycancollectcoralfossils.C.Theycanexperiencelocalculture.D.Theycanwatchthewoodbison.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個(gè)加拿大的國家公園的特色，以及最佳參觀時(shí)間。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NahanniNationalPark下的“Youcanonlygetintotheparkbysmallplane!(你只能乘小飛機(jī)進(jìn)入公園！)”可知，NahanniNationalPark只能乘飛機(jī)到達(dá)。故選A項(xiàng)。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SambaaDehFallsTerritorialPark下的“Besttime:betweenAugustandSeptember.(最佳時(shí)間：2月至9月)”可知，2月至9月是參觀SambaaDehFallsTerritorialPark最好的時(shí)間。故選D項(xiàng)。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)IvvavikNationalPark下的“Plus!TheparkalsocontainsmanyculturalsitesofgreatsignificancetotheAboriginal(土著)peopleoftheNorth.Youcanfindanswerstoyouraboriginalcuriosityhere.(公園里還有許多對北方原住民有重要意義的文化遺址。你可以在這里找到對原住民好奇心的答案)”可知，游客可以在IvvavikNationalPark體驗(yàn)當(dāng)?shù)匚幕?。故選C項(xiàng)。Passage4Oneday,asheepwasenjoyinghimselfatthemountainside,whileawolfcameoutofnowhereallofasuddenandintendedtoeatit.Thesheepjumpedawayimmediatelyandusedhishornstofightagainstthewolf,cryingoutloudlytohisfriendsforhelp.Thehorselookeddownandspottedthewolf,runningawayquickly.Thedonkeystoppedhispaceandspottedthewolf,slippingawayquietly.Thepigpassedbyandsawthewolf,rushingdownthemountainrightaway.Therabbitheardthevoiceofthewolfanddashingawayswiftly.Thedogheardthecriesofthesheepandhurriedtothemountainside,jumpingoutofthebushesandbitingthewolf’sneck.Thewolffeltsopainfulthathecriedmiserablyandescapedatonce.Afterthesheepcamebackhome,allhisfriendsvisitedhim.Thehorsesaid,“Whynottellmeyouwereindanger?Mystrongfeetcouldstamphisheadbroken.”Thedonkeysaid,“Whynottellmeyouwereindanger?Icouldshouthimawaywithmyhorriblevoice!”Thepigsaid,“Whynottellmeyouwereindanger?Icouldusemybigmouthtocrushhimdownthemountain.”Therabbitsaid,“Whynottellmeyouwereindanger?Iamgoodatrunningandcouldaskotherstohelp.”Amongallofthem,onlythedogdidnotsayanything,butthesheepcametorealizewhatwasnatureoffriendship.1.Howdidthesheepreactwhenattackedbythewolf?A.Heintendedtofightagainstthewolfandeatit. B.Heusedhishornstofightagainstthewolfwithhisfriends.C.Heranawayimmediatelyandcriedoutloudly. D.Hestruggledwiththewolfandshoutedforhelp.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stamp”mean?A.bite B.step C.pat D.drive3.Accordingtothestory,thedogwas______.A.helpfulandbrave. B.loyalandshy. C.smartandhonest. D.friendlyandpolite.4.Whatdoesthestorytellus?A.Allarenotfriendsthatspeakusfair. B.Afriendwithoutfaultwillneverbefound.C.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed. D.Afriendtoeverybodyisafriendtonobody.【答案】1.D2.B3.A4.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇寓言故事。本文通過羊遇到狼的襲擊，向朋友求助，朋友們不同的反應(yīng)闡述了何謂真正的友誼。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Oneday,asheepwasenjoyinghimselfatthemountainside,whileawolfcameoutofnowhereallofasuddenandintendedtoeatit.Thesheepjumpedawayimmediatelyandusedhishornstofightagainstthewolf,cryingoutloudlytohisfriendsforhelp.(一天，一只羊在山腰上玩得很開心，突然從哪兒竄出來一只狼，想要吃掉它。羊立刻跳開，用角與狼搏斗，大聲向朋友們呼救。)”可知，當(dāng)羊被狼襲擊時(shí)，它一邊與狼搏斗一邊向朋友們大聲呼救。故選D。2.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞的主語“Mystrongfeet(我強(qiáng)壯的雙腳)”和其后賓語“hisheadbroken.(他的頭碎了)”可知，馬認(rèn)為自己強(qiáng)壯的雙腳可以把狼的頭踩碎。選項(xiàng)A“bite(咬)”；選項(xiàng)B“step(踩踏)”；選項(xiàng)C“pat(拍打)”；選項(xiàng)D“drive(駕駛)”。故選B。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thedogheardthecriesofthesheepandhurriedtothemountainside,jumpingoutofthebushesandbitingthewolf’sneck.Thewolffeltsopainfulthathecriedmiserablyandescapedatonce.(狗聽到了羊的叫聲，急忙跑到山坡上，從灌木叢中跳出來，咬住了狼的脖子。狼感到非常痛苦，他痛苦地哭了起來，馬上逃跑了。)”可知，當(dāng)狗聽到了羊的叫聲時(shí)，他趕緊趕來幫忙并勇敢地與狼搏斗?？芍?，狗是樂于助人且勇敢的。故選A。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thedogheardthecriesofthesheepandhurriedtothemountainside,jumpingoutofthebushesandbitingthewolf’sneck.Thewolffeltsopainfulthathecriedmiserablyandescapedatonce.(狗聽到了羊的叫聲，急忙跑到山坡上，從灌木叢中跳出來，咬住了狼的脖子。狼感到非常痛苦，他痛苦地嚎叫了起來，馬上逃跑了。)”以及文章最后一段“Amongallofthem,onlythedogdidnotsayanything,butthesheepcametorealizewhatwasnatureoffriendship(在所有的人當(dāng)中，只有狗什么也沒說，而羊卻明白了什么是友誼的本質(zhì)。)”可知，當(dāng)狗看到朋友有危險(xiǎn)時(shí)，他會(huì)奮不顧身地幫助朋友，闡述了什么叫真正的友誼。選項(xiàng)C“Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.(患難見真情。)”符合本文主要內(nèi)容。故選C。Passage5MacieSemrau,a6-year-oldgirlfromEliot,Maine,seldommissedschool.So,whensherefusedtoevengetdressedoneday,hermotherdecidedtoallowhertostayhomewithherfatherKyleandher4-year-oldbrotherCaleb.Thefamilywouldlaterbeextremelythankfulthatthelittlegirlrefusedtoleaveaftershefoundherfatherpassedoutinthebasement.Afterreturningfromhisnightwork,Kylewasfeelinglight-headed.HetoldhiswifeKatethathewouldbelayinglowforthedaywiththeirchildren.Hefinallymadehiswaytothebasement.Maciepaidattentiontoherfather’sconditionwhensheheardhimshouting,andsheandCalebwenttohavealook.Maciefoundher37-year-oldfatherwasabouttoloseawareness(意識).Sheaskedhimforhisphone’spasscode(密碼)soshecouldunlockit.Aftersuccessfullyopeninghisphone,shefoundthelocalpolicedepartment’snumberandcalledthepolice.SmithwasflooredbyMacie’sdecision-makingandherabilitytostaycalm.Thelittlegirllistedthefamily’sGoodwinRoadaddresswhileexplainingthatherfatherwasintrouble.Inthemeantime,Calebcomfortedhisfather.ThankstoMacieandCaleb,hewassenttoWentworth-DouglassHospital,whereherequiredfourlitersofoxygen(氧氣)andspentthreedaysrecovering.“I’mverylucky,obviouslybecauseofmydaughterandsonandthepolice’sresponse”saidKate.“Itwasquick,”headded,mentioningthatthepolicearrivedjustintwominutesthankstoMacie’scall.“Itwasunbelievable.Iwasintearsmyself,”hesaid.

TheEliotPoliceDepartmentalsopraisedtheyounggirlforherquickthinkingandstrongawareness.EliotPoliceChiefElliotMoyapraisedtheSemrausforteachingtheirchildrenaboutawarenessoftheirsurroundings(環(huán)境)aswellascommunicationskills.Canyourchildopenyourphoneandcallthepolice?Ifnot,now’sthetimeforthemtolearn.1.WhatdoweknowaboutMaciefromparagraph1?A.Shewaslateforclassregularly. B.Shewentofftoschoolalmosteveryday.C.Sheenjoyedstayinghomewithherfather. D.Shelikedtoplaywithherbrotherathome.2.WhatdidMaciethinkoffirsttohelpherfather?A.Howtocallforhelpwithherfather’sphone.B.Howtogiveemergencytreatmenttoherfather.C.Howtosendherfathertohospitalwithherbrother.D.Howtogetherfather’sphonetoconnecttotheInternet.3.WhydidKylesayhewaslucky?A.Hisdaughterwaswisetoskipschoolthatday.B.Hiskidsandthepolice’sresponsewasimmediate.C.Apolicemanhappenedtobetheretocometohishelp.D.Thepolicedepartment’sphonewasnotbusythatday.4.Wecaninferthatparentshadbetterteachtheirkidsto________.A.fitintotheirnewsurroundings B.showofftheircommunicationskillsC.rememberthepolice’sphonenumber D.learnsomepracticallifeskillsearlier【答案】1.B2.A3.B4.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一個(gè)六歲的小女孩，在父親Kyle生病后，通過使用父親的手機(jī)報(bào)警，幫助警方及時(shí)將父親送到醫(yī)院治療的故事。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“MacieSemrau,a6-year-oldgirlfromEliot,Maine,seldommissedschool.(來自緬因州艾略特的6歲女孩MacieSemrau很少缺課)”可知，MacieSemrau很少缺課，也就是說她幾乎每天都去上學(xué)。故選B。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Maciepaidattentiontoherfather’sconditionwhensheheardhimshouting,andsheandCalebwenttohavealook.Maciefoundher37-year-oldfatherwasabouttoloseawareness(意識).Sheaskedhimforhisphone’spasscode(密碼)soshecouldunlockit.Aftersuccessfullyopeninghisphone,shefoundthelocalpolicedepartment’snumberandcalledthepolice.(Macie聽到父親的喊聲后，注意到了他的情況，她和Caleb去看了看。Macie發(fā)現(xiàn)她37歲的父親快要失去知覺了。她向他要了手機(jī)的密碼，這樣她就可以解鎖了。在成功打開他的手機(jī)后，她找到了當(dāng)?shù)鼐炀值碾娫捥柎a并報(bào)了警)”可知，當(dāng)Macie自己的父親快要失去知覺的時(shí)候，她首先想到的是解鎖父親的手機(jī)讓后向警察求助。故選A。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段““I’mverylucky,obviouslybecauseofmydaughterandsonandthepolice’sresponse”saidKate.“Itwasquick,”headded,mentioningthatthepolicearrivedjustintwominutesthankstoMacie’scall.“Itwasunbelievable.Iwasintearsmyself,”hesaid.(凱特說：“我很幸運(yùn)，顯然是因?yàn)槲业呐畠汉蛢鹤右约熬降姆磻?yīng)。”“行動(dòng)很快，”他補(bǔ)充說。他提到，多虧了Macie的電話，警察在兩分鐘內(nèi)就趕到了?！罢媸请y以置信。我自己也哭了，”他說)”可知，Kyle認(rèn)為自己很幸運(yùn)是因?yàn)樽约旱暮⒆雍芾潇o地向警察求助，而警察也立即作出了反應(yīng)。故選B。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“EliotPoliceChiefElliotMoyapraisedtheSemrausforteachingtheirchildrenaboutawarenessoftheirsurroundings(環(huán)境)aswellascommunicationskills.Canyourchildopenyourphoneandcallthepolice?Ifnot,now’sthetimeforthemtolearn.(艾略特警察局局長ElliotMoya稱贊Semraus夫婦教會(huì)了孩子們對周圍環(huán)境的認(rèn)識以及溝通技巧。你的孩子能打開你的手機(jī)報(bào)警嗎？如果沒有，現(xiàn)在是他們學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候了)”可推知，文章作者認(rèn)為父母應(yīng)該早點(diǎn)教孩子一些實(shí)用的生活技能。故選D。Passage6Talkingaboutfriends,Idesirethosewhowillsharemyhappiness,whohavewingsoftheirownandwhowillflywithme.Iseekfriendswhosequalitiesilluminate(照亮)meandtrainmeupforlove.ItisonlyforthesepeoplethatIreserve(保留)theglowinghours.WhenIwasintheeighthgrade,Ihadafriend.Wewereshyand“tooserious”aboutourstudieswhenitwasbecomingfashionablewithourclassmatestolearnacceptablesocialbehaviors.Wesaidlittleatschool,butshewouldcometomyhouseandwewouldsitquietlytogetherandwriteseparatepoemsorstoriesaboutdifferenttopics(主題).Thenwewouldreadthemaloud.Attheendofthatschoolyear,we,too,werechangingintosocialcreatures(生物)andthestoriesandpoemsstopped.WhenIlivedforatimeinLondon,Ihadafriend.Hewasindespair(絕望)andIwasindespair.Butourfriendshipwasbasedontheideaineachofusthatwewouldbesorrylaterifwedidnotexplorethisgreatcitybecausewehadfeltbadatthattime.WemeteverySundayforfiveweeksandfoundmanyexcellentthings.Wewalkeduntilourdespairsdisappearedandthenweparted.WegaveLondontoeachother.ForalmostfouryearsIhavehadaremarkablepenfriendwhoseimaginationilluminatesmine.Wewritelongletterswhereweoftendiscoverourstrangestselves.Eachofusappears,sometimesinafunnyway,intheother’sdreams.SheandIagreethat,atcertaintimes,weseemtobepartsofthesamemind.Inmymostinterestingmoments,Ioftenthink,“Yes,Imusttell...”,thoughwehavenevermet.ItissuchcomfortingcompanionsIwishtokeep.Onebrighthourwiththeirkindnessisworthmoretomethanthelifetimeservicesofmanycommonpeople,whowillonlyfillupthosedarkestmomentswhenIwouldratherbemyownbestfriend.1.Whichoneisnottheauthor’sconcernwhenchoosingafriend?A.Sharingthehappiness. B.Havinggoodlooks.C.Flyingwiththeauthor. D.Trainingtheauthorupforlove.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“thestoriesandpoemsstopped”mean?A.Thefriendshipstopped. B.Thewritingactivitystopped.C.Theauthordidn’twanttowrite. D.Theauthorleftschool.3.Theauthorwouldpreferto__________inthedarkestmoments.A.askforprofessionalhelp B.readapoemC.stayalone D.visittouristattractions4.Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage?A.Thequalityoffriendsismoreimportantthanquantity(數(shù)量).B.OneshouldhaveafriendwhocanvisitLondontogether.C.Onlyapersonwhoisgoodatwritingcanbeagoodfriend.D.Goodfriendsshouldshowupineachother’sdreams.【答案】1.B2.B3.C4.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在人生不同時(shí)期遇到的幾個(gè)好朋友對作者的幫助和影響。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Talkingaboutfriends,Idesirethosewhowillsharemyhappiness,whohavewingsoftheirownandwhowillflywithme.Iseekfriendswhosequalitiesilluminate(照亮)meandtrainmeupforlove.ItisonlyforthesepeoplethatIreserve(保留)theglowinghours.(說到朋友，我渴望那些能分享我的快樂，有自己的翅膀，和我一起飛翔的人。我尋找那些品質(zhì)能照亮我、訓(xùn)練我去愛的朋友。我只為這些人保留著光輝的時(shí)光)”可知，在選擇朋友時(shí)，長得好看不是作者所關(guān)心的。故選B項(xiàng)。2.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Wesaidlittleatschool,butshewouldcometomyhouseandwewouldsitquietlytogetherandwriteseparatepoemsorstoriesaboutdifferenttopics(主題).Thenwewouldreadthemaloud.(我們在學(xué)校很少說話，但她會(huì)來我家，我們會(huì)安靜地坐在一起，就不同的主題分別寫詩或故事。然后我們大聲朗讀)”可推知，劃線部分thestoriesandpoemsstopped“故事和詩歌停止了”指的就是寫作活動(dòng)停止了。故選B項(xiàng)。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Onebrighthourwiththeirkindnessisworthmoretomethanthelifetimeservicesofmanycommonpeople,whowillonlyfillupthosedarkestmomentswhenIwouldratherbemyownbestfriend.(對我來說，與他們友好相處的一個(gè)光明時(shí)刻比許多普通人一生的服務(wù)更有價(jià)值，他們只會(huì)填補(bǔ)我寧愿做自己最好的朋友時(shí)最黑暗的時(shí)刻)”可知，在最黑暗的時(shí)刻，作者寧愿做自己最好的朋友。由此推知，在這些時(shí)候作者寧愿獨(dú)自一人。故選C項(xiàng)。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Eachofusappears,sometimesinafunnyway,intheother’sdreams.SheandIagreethat,atcertaintimes,weseemtobepartsofthesamemind.Inmymostinterestingmoments,Ioftenthink,“Yes,Imusttell...”,thoughwehavenevermet.(我們每個(gè)人都會(huì)以一種有趣的方式出現(xiàn)在對方的夢里。她和我一致認(rèn)為，在某些時(shí)候，我們似乎是同一個(gè)思想的一部分。在我最有趣的時(shí)刻，我經(jīng)常想，“是的，我必須告訴……，雖然我們從未見過面)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為好朋友應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在彼此的夢里。故選D項(xiàng)。Passage7Afewyearsago,Istoodinasmallclassroom,watchingahighschoolernamedSerenaStevensonanswermathquestions.Aninstructorreadoutnumbers-7447,7089,9842,andStevensonaddedtheminherhead.Foreachquestion,sheclosedhereyes,andthenthefingersofherrighthandbegantomove.Sheansweredmostofthepro