PAGE1專題01閱讀理解

(暑假提升練)內(nèi)容導(dǎo)航考點聚焦：核心考點+高考考點，有的放矢重點速記：知識點和關(guān)鍵點梳理，查漏補缺難點強(qiáng)化：難點內(nèi)容標(biāo)注與講解，能力提升復(fù)習(xí)提升：真題感知+提升專練，全面突破核心考點聚焦考點一細(xì)節(jié)理解題考點一細(xì)節(jié)理解題細(xì)節(jié)理解題要求考生對閱讀材料中的某一具體事實和細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行理解。它們大都是根據(jù)文章中的具體信息如事實、例證、原因、過程、論述等進(jìn)行提問的。有些問題可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些則需要我們在理解的基礎(chǔ)上將有關(guān)內(nèi)容系統(tǒng)化才能找到，比如計算、排序、是非判斷、圖形比較等。常見的命題方式通常有：1.特殊疑問句形式。以when,where,what,which,who,howmuch/many等疑問詞開頭引出的問題；2.以是非題的形式。true/false,nottrue/false或EXCEPT，近年這種題型較少；3.以Accordingto…開頭提問方式；4.以填空題的形式，如：(1)Toavoidattractingmountainlions,peopleareadvised________.(2)Bythefirstsentenceofthepassageauthormeansthat________.(3)Itseemsthatnowacountry’seconomydependsmuchon________.(4)Ifyouareinterestedinknowingaboutwhatpeople’slifewillbe,youmayvisit________.(5)Thepolicemenweretold“tolooktheotherway”(theunderlinedpartinParagraph2)sothat________.(6)Thepolicemanwhosaid“Goodevening”toRollswantedto________.5.就文中數(shù)字、排序、識圖等提問。做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時，大多數(shù)學(xué)生易出現(xiàn)的問題是閱讀速度太慢，缺乏一定的快速閱讀技巧，考生要培養(yǎng)自己快速獲取信息的能力。解答此類試題時，不必通篇細(xì)看原文，而常?？刹扇　皫е鴨栴}找答案”的方法.先從問題中抓住關(guān)鍵性詞語。然后以此為線索。要快速地辨認(rèn)和記憶事實或細(xì)節(jié)，就要恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\用略讀及查讀的技巧快速在文章中尋找與此問題相關(guān)的段落、語句.仔細(xì)品味，對照比較.確定答案。除了運用掃讀法(scanning)外，還可以兼用排除法.將“無此細(xì)節(jié)”和“與此細(xì)節(jié)相反”的選項排除。了解細(xì)節(jié)題干擾選項的特點也有助于考生提高答題的正確率。一般情況下，干擾項有如下幾個特點：(1)是原文信息，但不是題目要求的內(nèi)容；(2)符合常識，但不是文章內(nèi)容；(3)與原文的內(nèi)容極其相似，只是在程度上有些變動；(4)在意思上與原文大相徑庭甚至完全相反；(5)部分正確，部分錯誤。有的細(xì)節(jié)理解題只要直接辨認(rèn)不要求讀者對客觀的事實作出解釋或判斷，只要求從閱讀材料中直接獲取信息。同時還要求讀者記住重要細(xì)節(jié)，在必要的時候(做判斷、推斷或結(jié)論的時候)能夠準(zhǔn)確而迅速地將他們回憶起來。解此類題要求考生快速抓住原文中的關(guān)鍵信息，直接得出答案，但要注意往往答案與原文中的語句并非一模一樣，而是用不同的詞語或句型結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)相同的意思。有的細(xì)節(jié)理解題就需要通過有關(guān)詞語和句子的轉(zhuǎn)換。利用主要事實、圖表、圖形來獲取信息，然后利用因果、類比、時間、空間等關(guān)系將零碎的細(xì)節(jié)經(jīng)過一系列加工、整理，方能做出正確的判斷。此類試題在高考中占大多數(shù)。考點二考點二詞義猜測題在英語閱讀理解中的生詞障礙往往會成為學(xué)生理解的“絆腳石”，這些“絆腳石”的出現(xiàn)大致分五類：1.舊詞新義，考查詞匯表中未出現(xiàn)的詞義；如：NearbyistheIndianapolisracecourse,wherethenation’smostfamouscarraceisheldeachyearonMay30th.我們學(xué)過course的意思是“過程，課程”等，在此顯然不符句意。根據(jù)上下文course是汽車賽舉行的地方，可推斷course在該句是“車道”或“跑道”的意思。2.合成詞、轉(zhuǎn)化詞與派生詞，如shoplifting，heartbroken，computer-literate，decision-thinking，imperfect等；3.“靈活”的常用詞增多，這些詞必須根據(jù)具體的上下文語境才能正確理解；4.“新鮮”的外國人名、地名、專有名稱增多，這些詞有些帶有一定的文化背景。5.超綱生詞。有的學(xué)生在閱讀訓(xùn)練和測試中存在著“生詞恐懼心理”，一遇到生詞就有讀不下去的感覺。那么閱讀理解時遇到大量生詞該怎么辦?查詞典當(dāng)然是排除詞義障礙的一種方法，當(dāng)然這只有在平常的閱讀訓(xùn)練中才可以使用。但是，頻繁的查閱詞典既影響閱讀速度，又容易破壞學(xué)生閱讀的思路和興趣。況且，一詞多義是英語詞匯的主要特點，詞典不一定能為學(xué)生提供單詞在特定的上下文中的具體或確切的含義。平時的練習(xí)中遇到生詞不要馬上查詞典，可以通過一定的方法來猜測理解。猜測詞義不僅是一項閱讀技巧，也是高考閱讀能力考查的一個方面，每年在高考閱讀中都有猜測詞義的試題。掌握正確方法快速而又準(zhǔn)確地猜測出生詞的含義，對提高閱讀速度和答題效率相當(dāng)重要。該類題常見的考查形式有：1.Thephrase“…”inthesentencecouldbereplacedby____.2.Theword“…”intheparagraphrefersto____.3.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordintheparagraph?/Whatdoestheunlinedwordmean?4.Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningtothephrase“…”?5.Theword“…”mostnearlymeans____.對此類試題，考生應(yīng)該進(jìn)行大膽猜測，但這種猜測不是胡亂的，盲目的，而是有一定的方法和技巧?？键c三推理判斷題考點三推理判斷題推理判斷題主要考查學(xué)生根據(jù)文章的字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓意等。推理判斷題屬于主觀性較強(qiáng)的高層次閱讀理解題。做這類題時，考生應(yīng)在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上，從文章本身所提供的信息出發(fā)，運用邏輯思維，同時借助一定的常識進(jìn)行分析、推理、判斷。提問整篇文章或某句某段的含蓄意思時，問句中都含有infer,imply,indicate,suggest(推斷，暗指)等詞。對付這類題時我們不僅要弄懂文章字面的意思，更重要的是要知道文章潛在的含義，和作者所給的提示。同時要對文章的含義和作者的暗示作合理的猜測和推論。關(guān)鍵是：意思要靠推斷得出，而不是原文照搬。這就要把握住文章的主題思想和每段的內(nèi)容；明確作者的觀點及其寫作該文的目的；分析文章里所給的有關(guān)信息；注意詞匯在詞典的定義和詞典以外的含義；最后運用自己的知識進(jìn)行由表及里的邏輯推理，挖出文章的伏筆，得出正確的推論。這種問題的提問方式通常有：1.Fromparagraph4wecaninferthat./Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?/Fromthelastparagraphwecaninferthat.2.Wecaninferfromthetextthat…/Whatcanwelearnfrom…?/Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat…3.Thelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphmostprobablyimpliesthat.4.Theauthorimpliesthatbytheyear2080,.5.Tosolvethepresentsocialproblemstheauthorsuggeststhatweshould.6.Theauthormentionsthefactthat…toshow.7.Thispassagewouldmostlikelybefoundin_________?8.Theauthor’sattitudetoward…is_________?9.Thetoneofthepassagecanbestbedescribedas_________?這些提問方式的答案一般在短文中不可能直接找到，必須根據(jù)提問中的某些關(guān)鍵字眼與短文中相應(yīng)的有關(guān)內(nèi)容加以邏輯推理或演算，從而得出某些作者并未說明卻已在字里行間所暗含的意思及觀點。具體的說，考生應(yīng)當(dāng)注意以下幾點：1.首先要注意一定要忠實于原文，以文章提供的事實和線索為依據(jù)。立足已知，推斷未知，遵循“詞不離句，句不離段，段不離篇”的原則。千萬不能主觀臆想，憑空想象，隨意揣測，更不能以自己的觀點代替作者的觀點。2.要吃透文章的字面意思，從字里行間捕捉有用的提示和線索，這是推理的前提和基礎(chǔ)。有的推斷，考生完全可以根據(jù)文章中所闡述的細(xì)節(jié)，再結(jié)合自己所掌握的基礎(chǔ)知識、有關(guān)背景知識或常識來幫助進(jìn)行分析、推敲，從而得出符合文章原意的結(jié)論。3.要對文字的表面信息進(jìn)行挖掘加工，由表及里，由淺入深，從具體到抽象，從特殊到一般，通過分析、綜合、判斷等，進(jìn)行深層處理，合乎邏輯地推理。不能就事論事，斷章取義，以偏概全。4.要把握句、段之間的邏輯關(guān)系，了解語篇的結(jié)構(gòu)，同時還要體會文章的基調(diào)，揣摩作者的態(tài)度，摸準(zhǔn)邏輯發(fā)展方向，悟出作者的言外之意。考點四主旨大意題5.在解答推理性問題時，一定要注意確定推理依據(jù)的位置或范圍。應(yīng)清楚所要解答的問題需要針對某個細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行推斷，還是針對主題思想、作者的意圖進(jìn)行推斷。針對細(xì)節(jié)的推斷可運用考點四主旨大意題高考閱讀理解對文章的主旨大意進(jìn)行命題，旨在考查考生通過對原文快速瀏覽正確獲取語篇的大意，并對文章的主題、標(biāo)題、段落、中心思想加以歸納理解以及辨別主要信息和次要信息的能力。要求考生在閱讀短文時，能夠提煉文章的中心情節(jié)，體會作者的主要意圖，充分運用邏輯概括能力，透過字里行間獲取文章最具代表性的觀點、中心論點及作者的情感傾向。在高考閱讀理解中，針對短文主旨常見的命題形式如下：(1)Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?/Whatisthetopicofthetext?(2)Themaintopic/subjectofthepassageis_________.(3)Themainidea/Thegeneralideais/Themainthemeofthispassageis…(4)Thelastparagraphendsthepassagewithanemphasison_________.(5)Whatismainlydiscussedinthetext?(6)Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?(7)What’sthemainpointthewriteristryingtomakeinthelastparagraph?(8)Thepurposeofthispassageis.(9)Whichofthefollowingstatementsisbestsupportedbythetext?(10)Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizedthepassage?(11)Thepassagemainlyfocuseson.從上述命題形式可以看出，此類閱讀測試題主要可概括為兩大類，即怎樣理解段落及文章整體的中心思想和怎樣擬定或選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)臉?biāo)題。下面結(jié)合高考題實例來具體分析此類題目的解題技巧?！炯记牲c撥】文章是由段落組成的。段落是發(fā)展一個主題的一群句子，段落圍繞著中心思想展開，而段落的中心思想又是為文章整體的中心思想服務(wù)的。尋找具體段落的中心思想的方法是：通過分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，找出每小段的主題句，通過主題句找出文章的主題。找準(zhǔn)文章的主題句是確定文章主旨大意的關(guān)鍵。主題是文章要表達(dá)的中心思想，文章的主題句通常都有一個話題，它是文章的核心?！爸黝}句定位法”是一種行之有效的方法。但是由于文章的不同，表現(xiàn)的手法也各有不同，主題句出現(xiàn)的位置也不是一成不變的。在許多情況下，尤其在閱讀說明文和議論文時，根據(jù)其篇章特點我們可以通過尋找短文的主題句來歸納出文章的主題。主題句在文章中的位置通常有三種情況：開頭、中間、結(jié)尾(含在開頭結(jié)尾同時出現(xiàn)、首尾呼應(yīng)的主題句)。因此，仔細(xì)閱讀這類文章或段落的首尾句是關(guān)鍵。做主旨大意類試題多采用瀏覽法(skimming)，瀏覽時，一般不需逐句細(xì)讀，只選讀文章的首段、尾段，或每段的首句和尾句，重點搜索主題線索和主題信息。Passage1（2025·安徽馬鞍山高二開學(xué)考）Ahigh-endtrainjourneyenablesyoutoexperiencedestinationsatauniquepaceandintotalcomfortwhileenjoyingfirst-classservice.Thesearesomeofthemostexcitingrailroutestochoosefrom.GoldenPassExpress,SwitzerlandGoldenPassExpresstakespassengersfromMontreuxtoInterlaken.It’sathree-hourridewithfourdeparturesaday.Theheatedleatherseatscanrecline(后傾)androtate(旋轉(zhuǎn))180degrees.They’realsoraised15incheshighertoboosttheviewsovervineyards,greenvalleysandblue-iceglaciers.Aone-wayticketcosts￡115.LaDolceVita,ItalyLaDolceVitatrainservicetransportspassengerstoItalyofthe1960s.Therearealtogether30rooms—plusabarcarwherepassengerscanwatchappealingfieldsflybyasapianistplays.Avarietyofimpressiveoff-boardexperiencesareavailable,fromtouringvineyardsatMontalcinotoridinghorsesinAbruzzo.Aone-wayticketstartsat￡2,140.SpaciaX,JapanThistrainprovidesastylishwayofmakingthetwo-hourjourneybetweenTokyo’sAsakusastationandthecityofNikko.SpaciaXalsoincludescomfortablesofasandseats.Passengerscanappreciatethesceneryastheyshootpastmountains,waterfallsandtemples.TicketscanbeboughtonlineorfromanystationontheTobuline.Aone-wayticketstartsfrom￡7.50.TheVietage,VietnamTheVietagerunsbetweenDaNangandQuyNhoninsupremecomfort.TravelerscantakeinthebeautyoftheVietnamesecountrysideoverathirty-courselunchwithfreedrinks.Theticketpricealsoincludesahead-and-shouldermassage(按摩).Aone-wayticketis￡330.1．WhichofthefollowingmakesLaDolceVitastandout?A．Comfortableseats. B．Variousoff-boardexperiences.C．Onlineticketbooking. D．Ahead-and-shouldermassage.2．Whichoftherailroutesprovidesaheartylunch?A．SpaciaX,Japan. B．LaDolceVita,Italy.C．TheVietage,Vietnam. D．GoldenPassExpress,Switzerland.3．Whatdothefourrailrouteshaveincommon?A．Thetraveltime. B．Theticketprice. C．Thesuperiorservice. D．Theadjustableseats.【答案】1．B2．C3．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章是關(guān)于高端列車旅行的推薦介紹。文中詳細(xì)描述了幾條在全球不同地區(qū)的特色鐵路旅程，包括它們的起訖點、特色服務(wù)、票價以及旅行中的獨特體驗，旨在向讀者推介奢華舒適的火車旅行選擇。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由LaDolceVita,Italy部分的“Avarietyofimpressiveoff-boardexperiencesareavailable,fromtouringvineyardsatMontalcinotoridinghorsesinAbruzzo.(從蒙塔奇諾的葡萄園之旅到阿布魯佐的騎馬，這里有各種令人印象深刻的下車體驗。)”可知，LaDolceVita的特色在于其豐富的下車體驗活動。故選B。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由TheVietage,Vietnam部分中的“TravelerscantakeinthebeautyoftheVietnamesecountrysideoverathirty-courselunchwithfreedrinks.(在這里，游客可以飽覽越南鄉(xiāng)村的美景，享用30道菜的午餐和免費飲料。)”可知，TheVietage,Vietnam路線提供豐盛的午餐。故選C。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ahigh-endtrainjourneyenablesyoutoexperiencedestinationsatauniquepaceandintotalcomfortwhileenjoyingfirst-classservice.

Thesearesomeofthemostexcitingrailroutestochoosefrom.(一趟高端的火車之旅，讓你以獨特的節(jié)奏和完全舒適的體驗?zāi)康牡?，同時享受一流的服務(wù)。這些是一些最令人興奮的鐵路路線可供選擇。)”因此，它們都體現(xiàn)了卓越的服務(wù)。故選C。Passage2（2025河南新鄉(xiāng)·高二開學(xué)考）FouroftheBestMoneyGamesforKidsWhenwasthelasttimeyourkidssawyoupayforsomethingincash?Chancesarethatyourkidsrarelyseebillsandcoinsexchangehands.Livinginadigitalworld,it’sdifficultforkidstounderstandwhatreallyhappenswhenadultspayforthings.Thefollowingaresomemoneygamesforkidsthatcanteachthemthedifferentvaluesofbillsandcoins,howtohandlemoney,andeveneconomics.BuyItRightAgerange:Ages7to12BuyItRightletskidsgethands-onexperiencedealingwithbillsandcoinswhileintroducingtheconceptofpricesandthinkingthroughwhetheranobjectistooexpensiveornot.Kidssettheirpricesandbuyandsellitemswhilemovingtheirpiecearoundtheboard.MoneyMatchMeAgerange:Ages5to8Whilenotentirelyagame,MoneyMatchMecanbeafunwaytotestkids’knowledgeofcoins.Onecardshowsagroupofcoinsneedingtobematchedwithawrittendescription.Forexample,apictureofthreequarterswouldbematchedwithacardthatsays“seventy-fivecents”.MoneyBagsAgerange:Recommendedforages7+Ifyourkidsneedpracticecountingmoneyandtellingapartdifferentcoins,theMoneyBagsgamecanhelp.Asplayersmovealongtheboard,theycollectmoneyfromthebank.Thewinneristhepersonwhohasthemostmoneywhenthegameends.PayDayAgerange:Ages8andupThisclassicboardgamesimulateswhatit’sliketogetapaycheckeachmonthwhilealsohavingfinancialduties.Playersarealsoabletoreceive10%interestonthebalanceoftheirsavings.Theplayerwiththemostcashandsavingsattheendwins.4．WhatistheskillfocusofBuyItRight?A．Introducingbasicbusinessconcepts. B．Recognizingdifferentbillsandcoins.C．Learningtoidentifyandcountmoney. D．Makingkidsconsiderpricesandexpenses.5．Whichmoneygamerecommendstheyoungestagelimit?A．BuyItRight. B．MoneyBags.C．MoneyMatchMe. D．PayDay.6．WhatdoMoneyBagsandPayDayhaveincommon?A．Playersfocusonaddingdifferentbills.B．Whoeverownsthemostmoneyisthewinner.C．Kidslearnhowtobudgetinareasonableway.D．Kidsareabletoreceiveinterestontheirsavings.【答案】4．D5．C6．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹的是幾個幫助孩子認(rèn)識和了解金錢的小游戲。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BuyItRight部分中的“BuyItRightletskidsgethands-onexperiencedealingwithbillsandcoinswhileintroducingtheconceptofpricesandthinkingthroughwhetheranobjectistooexpensiveornot.Kidssettheirpricesandbuyandsellitemswhilemovingtheirpiecearoundtheboard.(BuyItRight讓孩子們獲得處理紙幣和硬幣的實踐經(jīng)驗，同時引入價格的概念，并思考一件物品是否太貴。孩子們一邊在棋盤上移動棋子，一邊設(shè)定價格，買賣物品。)”可知，該游戲引入價格的概念并讓孩子思考物品是否太貴，由此可知，該游戲側(cè)重于讓孩子學(xué)會考慮價格和開支。故選D項。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BuyItRight部分中的“Agerange:Ages7to12(年齡范圍：7-12歲)”可知，使用的最低年齡為7歲、MoneyMatchMe部分中的“Agerange:Ages5to8(年齡范圍：5-8歲)”可知，使用的最低年齡為5歲、MoneyBags部分中的“Agerange:Recommendedforages7+(年齡：推薦7歲以上兒童觀看)”可知，使用的最低年齡為7歲以上，以及PayDay部分中的“Agerange:Ages8andup(適合年齡：8歲及以上)”可知，使用的最低年齡為8歲以上，綜合以上信息可知，在四個小游戲的年齡界定中，MoneyMatchMe使用的年齡標(biāo)準(zhǔn)最低。故選C項。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MoneyBags部分中的“Thewinneristhepersonwhohasthemostmoneywhenthegameends.(當(dāng)游戲結(jié)束時，贏家是擁有最多錢的人。)”可知，在MoneyBags中，擁有最多錢的人是贏家，結(jié)合PayDay部分中的“Theplayerwiththemostcashandsavingsattheendwins.(最后擁有最多現(xiàn)金和儲蓄的玩家獲勝。)”可知，在PayDay中，擁有最多現(xiàn)金和儲蓄的玩家獲勝，由此可知，這兩款小游戲的共同點是“誰擁有最多的錢誰就是贏家”。故選B項。Passage3（2025山東濟(jì)寧·高二開學(xué)考）Europe’sBestLong-DistanceHikingTrailsThesehikesonsomeofEurope’sbestlongdistancetrails(路線)offerachancetoreconnectwiththeworld,getsomeenergeticexerciseandenjoypeacefulmomentsinsomeoftheEurope’smostbeautifulscenery.HyssnaTrail,SwedenWestSweden’squietbeautyisthestaroftheshowonthis40-kilometer,two-dayhike.TheroundtrailstartsatHyssna’s12thcenturychurch,whichcanbeaccessedbybusfromGothenburginjust40minutes.Therouteiswellguided,withplentyofpicnicspotsandawellappointedcampsite.KarhunkierrosTrall,FinlandFinnishLaplandiswell-knownasawinterdestination,withmagicalauroraborealis(極光)andanamazingancientSamiculture.It’salsohometothe82-kilometerKarhunkierrosTrail,themostwell-knownlong-distancewalkinFinland.ThepathbeginsinHautajarvivillageinLapland’sSallaandendsattheRukatunturiFellinKuusamo,takingfourdays.KingCharlesIIIEnglandCoastalPath,EnglandCoveringanareaof4,300kilometers,theEnglandCoastalPathisalifetime’sattemptforthosewhowishtocovereverystep.Anditcanbeeasilybrokendownintoareas,withnorthwest,northeast,east,southeastandsouthwestregionstoexplore.WalkingaroundthecoastofCornwallwillleaveanyoneenergetic.SlovenianMountainTrail,SloveniaIt’snosurprisethattheSloveniaMountainTrailhasbecomesopopular.Thisattractivetrailcoveringsome616kilometersrunsfromMariborinthecountry’snortheast,allthewaytoAnkaran.Andwhiledoingitalltogetherover28daysmightseemextreme,itcanbebrokenintosmallerregions.TherearepathsthroughtheancientforestsandwetlandsofthePohorjeHillsoracrosstheJulianAlos.7．Whichtrailcoverstheshortestdistance?A．HyssnaTrail. B．KarhunkierrosTrail.C．KingCharlesIIIEnglandCoastalPath D．SlovenianMountainTrail.8．WhatcanbedonealongthetrailofFinland?A．Goingonabustour. B．Hikingaroundthecoast.C．AdmiringtheSamiculture. D．Exploringancientforests.9．WhatdotheEnglandCoastalPathandtheSloveniaMountainTrailhaveincommon?A．Theyshareasimilarlandscape. B．Theyarelocatedinthesamecountry.C．Theycanbebrokenintosmallregions. D．Theyarefamousaswinterdestinations.【答案】7．A8．C9．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要幾條歐洲最佳長途徒步路線。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HyssnaTrail,Sweden部分中的“WestSweden’squietbeautyisthestaroftheshowonthis40-kilometer,two-dayhike.(瑞典西部的靜謐之美是這趟為期兩天、全長40公里的徒步旅行的亮點。)”， KarhunkierrosTrall,Finland部分中的“It’salsohometothe82-kilometerKarhunkierrosTrail,themostwell-knownlong-distancewalkinFinland.(這里也是82公里長的Karhunkierros步道的所在地，這是芬蘭最著名的長距離步道。)”， KingCharlesIIIEnglandCoastalPath,England部分中的“Coveringanareaof4,300kilometers,theEnglandCoastalPathisalifetime’sattemptforthosewhowishtocovereverystep.(英格蘭海岸步道覆蓋4300公里，對于那些希望走遍每一步的人來說，這是一生的嘗試)”和SlovenianMountainTrail,Slovenia部分中的“Thisattractivetrailcoveringsome616kilometersrunsfromMariborinthecountry’snortheast,allthewaytoAnkaran.(這條迷人的路線全長約616公里，從該國東北部的馬里博爾一直延伸到安卡蘭)”可知，HyssnaTrail這條路徑距離最短，故選A。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KarhunkierrosTrall,Finland部分中的“FinnishLaplandiswell-knownasawinterdestination,withmagicalauroraborealis(極光)andanamazingancientSamiculture.(芬蘭拉普蘭是著名的冬季旅游勝地，擁有神奇的北極光和令人驚嘆的古老薩米文化。)”可知，在芬蘭的徒步路線可以欣賞薩米文化，故選C。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KingCharlesIIIEnglandCoastalPath,England部分中的“ Anditcanbeeasilybrokendownintoareas,withnorthwest,northeast,east,southeastandsouthwestregionstoexplore(而且它可以輕松地劃分為區(qū)域，包括西北、東北、東部、東南和西南地區(qū)可供探索。)”和SlovenianMountainTrail,Slovenia部分中的“Andwhiledoingitalltogetherover28daysmightseemextreme,itcanbebrokenintosmallerregions(雖然在28天內(nèi)完成所有工作似乎有些極端，但可以將其分成幾個較小的區(qū)域)”可知，英格蘭海岸步道和斯洛文尼亞山地步道的共同點是它們可以被分成小的區(qū)域。故選C。Passage4（2025河北保定·高二開學(xué)考）ThispastyearI’vebeenwithtwolovedonesatthetimeoftheirpassing.Thefirstpassing,lastSeptember,wasthatofmybelovedfather-in-lawat91,afterhislengthybattlewithParkinson’sdisease.Morerecently,IwasintheroomwhenmydearfriendThomasSteinbeckpassedawayattheageof72afteralongbattlewithCOPD(慢阻肺).ThereweremomentswhenIwantedtothankthemforallthey’ddonefortheirlovedones,aswellashumanityatlarge,buttherewerealsotimesduringtheirmorelucidmomentswhenIlongedtohavethemanswersomedeepphilosophicalquestions.Theybothknewtheyweredying,andbecauseoftheirgenerousspirits,theywouldhavetoldmeanythingIwantedtoknow.Infact,Thomtoldmeafewweeksbeforehispassingthathedidn’thavemuchtimeleft.WhileIknewhewasstrugglingwithhisbreathing,Iwasindenial.Itoldhimthathe’dsurvivedtheVietnamWarandanumberofhealthchallenges,andwouldsurvivethissetbackaswell.Lookingback,Ithinkhewasgivingmeanopeningtotalktohimasifheweredying.Thedeathofthesetwolovedoneshastaughtmealot.Ittaughtmetobeevenmoremindfulinthefuture,andcarefully“l(fā)istentothemessages”thedyingareconveyingtome.HadIdoneso,ImighthavehadafinalconfirmationofwhatImeanttothesemen,althoughinsomewaysIalreadyknewbecausetheywerethetypeofindividualswhowerealwaysopenandstraightforwardwithrespecttowhattheybelievedin.Knowinghearingisthefinalsensetogo,Ididtakethechancetotellthemhowmuchtheymeanttome,andhowmuchIlovedthem,andforthatIamgrateful.10．Whatdotheauthor’stwolovedoneshaveincommon?A．Theyweretheauthor’sfamilymembers.B．Theysufferedfromlong-termillnesses.C．Theylosttheirlivesinthesameyear.D．Theywereextremelyafraidofdeath.11．Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninparagraph2?A．Abletothinkclearly. B．Eagertowalkaround.C．Willingtohelpothers. D．Bravetofacethefuture.12．WhydidThomtelltheauthorhewasdying?A．Hecouldnolongeraccompanytheauthor.B．Hedesiredtomakehisbreathingsmooth.C．Hewasingreatneedoftheauthor’scare.D．Hewantedtohaveachatwiththeauthor.13．Whatdiddeathteachtheauthoraboutliving?A．Deathisatimeforloveandforgiveness.B．Thosewhoaredyingareeagertoshare.C．Hearingisthefinalsensetodisappear.D．Itisvitaltosaywhatcomesnaturally.【答案】10．B11．A12．D13．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者從岳父、朋友的離世明白了一個人生道理。即要關(guān)注他們生前想要傳遞的信息，要及時表達(dá)自己對他們的感激和愛。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ThispastyearI’vebeenwithtwolovedonesatthetimeoftheirpassing.Thefirstpassing,lastSeptember,wasthatofmybelovedfather-in-lawat91,afterhislengthybattlewithParkinson’sdisease.Morerecently,IwasintheroomwhenmydearfriendThomasSteinbeckpassedawayattheageof72afteralongbattlewithCOPD(慢阻肺).(在過去的一年里，我一直陪伴著兩位逝去的親人。第一次離世是去年9月，我深愛的岳父在與帕金森氏癥長期斗爭后去世，享年91歲。最近，我親愛的朋友ThomasSteinbeck在與慢性阻塞性肺病長期斗爭后去世，享年72歲。)”可知，這兩位逝去的親朋摯友的共同之處是兩者都患有長期疾病。故選B。11．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞的下文“whenIlongedtohavethemanswersomedeepphilosophicalquestions.Theybothknewtheyweredying,andbecauseoftheirgenerousspirits,theywouldhavetoldmeanythingIwantedtoknow.(這時我渴望他們回答一些深刻的哲學(xué)問題。他們都知道自己快死了，由于他們的慷慨，他們會告訴我任何我想知道的事情。)”可知，此處when引導(dǎo)的從句內(nèi)容在補充說明themoments，即我希望在他們思維清醒的時刻向他們提問一些深刻的哲學(xué)問題，并渴望他們回答。由此可以推斷劃線單詞lucid的含義是“思維清醒，思路清晰”。故選A。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Lookingback,Ithinkhewasgivingmeanopeningtotalktohimasifheweredying.(現(xiàn)在回想起來，我覺得他是在給我一個機(jī)會，讓我把他當(dāng)垂死的人一樣跟他說話。)”可知，Thom在臨終前告訴作者他即將離世，是想跟作者聊聊天，說說話。故選D。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thedeathofthesetwolovedoneshastaughtmealot.Ittaughtmetobeevenmoremindfulinthefuture,andcarefully“l(fā)istentothemessages”thedyingareconveyingtome.HadIdoneso,ImighthavehadafinalconfirmationofwhatImeanttothesemen,althoughinsomewaysIalreadyknewbecausetheywerethetypeofindividualswhowerealwaysopenandstraightforwardwithrespecttowhattheybelievedin.Knowinghearingisthefinalsensetogo,Ididtakethechancetotellthemhowmuchtheymeanttome,andhowmuchIlovedthem,andforthatIamgrateful.(這兩位親人的離世教會了我很多。它教會了我在未來要更加專注，并仔細(xì)地“傾聽”臨終者傳遞給我的信息。如果我這樣做了，我可能會最終確認(rèn)我對這些人意味著什么，盡管在某些方面我已經(jīng)知道了，因為他們是那種對自己的信仰總是開放和坦率的人。我知道聽力是最后失去的感官，但我確實抓住機(jī)會告訴他們，他們對我有多重要，我有多愛他們，為此我很感激。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為，如果自己認(rèn)真聽了臨終之人傳遞的信號，最終自己就能夠確認(rèn)自己對他們而言意味著什么。最終，作者也的確抓住機(jī)會告訴了他們：他們對自己而言很重要，自己也很愛他們。由此可見，這些都是作者在面對兩人即將離世之時想說的，因此推斷，說出那些自然而然就出現(xiàn)在腦海中的話是很重要的，不要在臨終時留下遺憾。故選D。Passage5（2025河北張家口·高二開學(xué)考）Oneevening,TomPetersondecidedtogoonahikeinthemountainsnearhishome.Hetoldhisfamilyhe’dbebackbynightfall,sowhenhedidn’treturnasexpected,theybecameconcerned.Ataround8p.m.,theytriedtoreachhimonhiscellphonebutreceivednoresponse.Tom’sbrother,Jack,decidedtoheadtothetrail(小徑)andlookforhim.WhenJackarrived,hefoundTom’sbackpackonthesideofthetrail,buttherewasnosignofTomhimself.Tom’sfamilybecameevenmoreanxious.Hismotherkeptpicturinghimlostandalone,wonderingifhewascold,scared,oreveninjured.Shefelthelpless,knowingshecouldn’tprotectherson.Hisfather,ontheotherhand,struggledtoremaincalm,reassuringhiswifewhilesilentlyfearingtheworst.Asmidnightapproached,Tom’sfamilydecideditwastimetocallforprofessionalhelp.Thesearchteamarrivedswiftly,equippedwithflashlightsandheat-sensitivecameras,andbegancombingthetrail.Tom,downthehillwithaninjuredankle,layinthedark,battlingwavesofdoubt.Asthecoldnightdeepened,hequestionedifanyonewouldfindhim,feelingsmallanddefencelessagainstthevastwilderness.Heturnedhisflashlightonandoff,hopingsomeonewouldnoticetheweaklight,holdingontothelastbitofhopehehad.Finally,theteamspottedhimaboutamilefromthemainpath.Seeingtherescuersapproach,Tom’sreliefwashedoverhim,andhisworriesmeltedaway.Hisfamilywasoverjoyedwhentheysawhim,theirworstfearsreplacedbydeepthankfulnessandnewfoundappreciationforeachother.Later,whenaskedabouthowhemadeitthroughthelong,darkhoursalone,Tomsharedthatitwasthethoughtofhisfamilythatkepthimgoing.Forhim,holdingontothehopeofreunitingwiththemwashisonlychoiceinthevast,lonelywilderness.14．WhywereTom’sfamilyworriedinitially?A．Tomfailedtoreturnhomeasplanned.B．Tom’sphonewasswitchedoffallevening.C．Tomlefthisbackpackonthetrailintentionally.D．Tomwasunpreparedforhishikeinthemountains.15．HowdidTom’smotheremotionallyreacttotheincidentinparagraph2?A．Shedoubtedthesearchteam’sabilities.B．SheblamedTomforbeingirresponsible.C．Sheremainedcalmandsupportedherfamily.D．ShefeltfrustratedaboutherinabilitytohelpTom.16．WhatallowedtherescuerstolocateTom?A．Histracksledthemtohislocation. B．Hesignaledthemwithhisflashlight.C．Heusedspecialcamerastospotthem. D．Heshoutedforhelpuntiltheyheardhim.17．WhathelpedTomsurvivethenightinthewilderness?A．Hisrichhikingexperience. B．Thewarmclotheshewore.C．Hisstrongphysicalstrength. D．Thebeliefofseeinghislovedonesagain.【答案】14．A15．D16．C17．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了小男孩湯姆傍晚出去徒步，沒有在約定時間回來，電話也聯(lián)系不上，家人很擔(dān)心，尋找無果后報警，最后救援人員找到他，他因腳踝受傷不能行走，在野外黑暗中想著家人才堅持到獲救。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Hetoldhisfamilyhe’dbebackbynightfall,sowhenhedidn’treturnasexpected,theybecameconcerned.(他告訴他的家人他會在傍夜幕降臨前回來，所以當(dāng)他沒有像預(yù)期的那樣回來時，他們開始擔(dān)心起來)”可知，最初家人開始擔(dān)心是因為他沒有按原來說好的時間回來。故選A項。15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Hismotherkeptpicturinghimlostandalone,wonderingifhewascold,scared,oreveninjured.Shefelthelpless,knowingshecouldn’tprotectherson.(他的母親一直想象著他迷路、孤獨的樣子，不知道他是冷了、害怕了，還是受傷了。她感到無助，知道自己保護(hù)不了兒子)”可知，母親為自己沒有能力幫助到遇到困難的兒子而沮喪無助。故選D項。16．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thesearchteamarrivedswiftly,equippedwithflashlightsandheat-sensitivecameras,andbegancombingthetrail.(搜索隊迅速趕到，配備了手電筒和熱感應(yīng)相機(jī)，開始搜尋蹤跡)”可知，救援人員帶有專業(yè)的熱感應(yīng)相機(jī)，這可以使他們找到湯姆。故選C項。17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Later,whenaskedabouthowhemadeitthroughthelong,darkhoursalone,Tomsharedthatitwasthethoughtofhisfamilythatkepthimgoing.Forhim,holdingontothehopeofreunitingwiththemwashisonlychoiceinthevast,lonelywilderness.(后來，當(dāng)被問及他是如何獨自度過漫長而黑暗的時光時，湯姆說，是對家人的思念讓他堅持了下來。對他來說，在茫茫寂寞的荒野中，抱著與他們團(tuán)聚的希望是他唯一的選擇)”可知，在黑暗的荒野中，是他想要見到親人的信念使他堅持下來，最終得到救援。故選D項。Passage6（2025江蘇南京·高二開學(xué)考）JohnHarperhadalwaysbeenafanofpainting.Heusedtoadmiretheartworksatgalleriesandexhibitions,oftenstandinginawebeforethepiecesthatseemedtospeakdirectlytohissoul.At58,hedecideditwastimetopickupthebrushhimself.HisfirstattemptatanopenartexhibitionindowntownNewYorklefthimoverwhelmed—thevibrancy,thediversity,andthesheertalentondisplaywerelikenothinghehadeverimagined.“Itfeltliberating.Ithought,‘ThisiswhatIwanttodofortherestofmylife,’”Johnsaid.Paintinghassincegivenhimanewidentityandpurpose.Allhislife,Johnhadworkedasanaccountant,numbersbeinghisdailycompanionsratherthancolorsandcanvases.Earlyon,helostbothparentsinatragicaccidentwhenhewastwenty,whichledhimtoseekcomfortinthestructuredworldoffinance.Foryears,hisartisticsideremaineddormant,onlycomingaliveinsecretsketchesanddoodlesduringbreaksfromwork.Afterretiring,Johnrediscoveredhisloveforart.Heenrolledinclasses,joinedlocalartistgroups,andbegantoshowcasehiswork.“ArtallowsmetoexpressmyselfinwaysInevercouldwithnumbers,”heexplains.Throughpainting,hefoundawaytohealoldwoundsandgiveformtohisemotions.“Expressingyourselfthroughcolorsandshapesisnotjustaboutcreatingsomethingbeautiful;it’salsoaboutconnectingwithyourinnerself,”hesays.Doeshestillfeeldisconnectedfromothers?“I’vecometoseemyuniquenessasastrength.IcelebratethefactthatIdon’tfitintoatypicalmold.Ittookmethislongtofindmytruecalling!”heexclaims.“Butnow,IknowwhoIam,andI’mproudofit.Iwouldn’ttradeplaceswithanyone.”18．HowdidJohnfeelabouthisfirstexperienceatanartexhibition?A．Intimidated.B．Indifferent.C．Inspired.D．Confused.19．WhatcausedJohntoinitiallysuppresshisartisticinterests?A．Hislackofnaturaltalentinart.B．Theinfluenceofhisaccountingjob.C．Thelossofhisparents.D．Hisfearoffailure.20．HowdoespaintingbenefitJohn?A．Itimproveshisfinancialstatus.B．Ithelpshimconnectwithhisinnerself.C．Itmakeshimmoreefficientathisjob.D．Itincreaseshispopularityamongpeers.21．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．JohnHarper’sFirstExhibitionB．JohnHarper’sArtisticAwakeningafterRetirementC．JohnHarper’sStrugglewithAccountingD．JohnHarper’sImpactonModernArt【答案】18．C19．C20．B21．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了John在退休后重新發(fā)現(xiàn)并追求藝術(shù)興趣的過程，以及這如何改變了他的生活。18．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“HisfirstattemptatanopenartexhibitionindowntownNewYorklefthimoverwhelmed—thevibrancy,thediversity,andthesheertalentondisplaywerelikenothinghehadeverimagined.“Itfeltliberating.Ithought,‘ThisiswhatIwanttodofortherestofmylife,’”Johnsaid