高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省部分高中2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末迎考英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whenwillthemeetingstart?A.At8:30a.m. B.At9:00a.m. C.At9:30a.m.【答案】C【原文】W:It’s9:00a.m.now.It’stimeforthemeeting.M:Butthereissomethingwrongwiththestereo.Garyisfixingit.Itneedshalfanhour.Couldyouinformeveryonethatthemeetingispostponed?2.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Sunny. B.Snowy. C.Cloudy.【答案】A【原文】M:I'mfreezing.Itmustbethewindthatmakesitsocold.W:Theweathermansaiditmightsnowlater.Let'sgoindoors.It'snofunstandingouthereevenifthesunisshining.3.Howwillthespeakersprobablygotothegallery?A.Bytaxi. B.Bybus. C.Bybike.【答案】C【原文】M:Shallwetakeataxiorabustothegallery?W:Thereisn'tabusstopnearby.Andit'salmostimpossibletofindataxiduringtherushhour.Sharedbikesareourbestchoice.4.WhatwillBilldothisSaturday?A.Gocamping. B.Seehisuncleoff. C.Travelonbusiness.【答案】B【原文】W:Hi,Bill.ShallwegocampingthisSaturday?M:I'dliketo,butIhavetodrivemyuncletotheairport.Hewillgoabroadonbusiness.5.Wherewillthespeakersgo?A.Afriend'shouse. B.Aclothingshop. C.Arestaurant.【答案】C【原文】M:Sally,areyoureadytoleavenow?W:No.Istillhavetoputonmymakeupandchooseadress.M:Pleasehurry.It'snotgoodtokeepthemwaitingforustoolongintherestaurant.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolmates. B.Colleagues. C.Teacherandstudent.7.WhatisDrMillerlikeaccordingtotheman?A.Generous. B.Strict. C.Inexperienced.【答案】6.A7.B【原文】W:DoyouknowanythingaboutDrMiller’sclass?M:Yes,Iamrightinhisclass.W:I’mthinkingoftakinghisclassnextsemester.Canyoutellmesomethingabouthim?M:Well,hehas20years’teachingexperienceandhislecturesaresointerestingthatthetimejustfliesby.W:Great.That’sexactlywhatIwant.M:Butitischallengingtogetthecreditsunlessyouworkveryhardinhisclass.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inabank. B.Inaprintshop. C.Inarestaurant.9.Whatistheman’srequirement?A.Buyingthecardsatalowerprice.B.Gettingthecardsreadyinoneweek.C.Makingthecardsexactlyliketheoldones.10.Howcanthemangetthecardsearlier?A.Fillinaform. B.Payextramoney. C.Reducetheamount.【答案】8.B9.C10.B【原文】M:I’mabouttorunoutofbusinesscards.Ineedsomenewones.W:Wecanprintasmanyasyouwant.Howmanydoyouneed?M:Twothousandshouldgetmethroughtheyear.W:Wecangetstartedassoonasyoufilloutthisform.M:Myoldcardisperfect,soallIwantyoutodoiscopyitexactly.W:Ifyoufindanydifference,I’llchargeyounothingforit.M:Hereyougo,theformandmyoldbusinesscard.W:Thanks.Youcanpickupyourorderinoneweek,thatis,nextWednesday.M:Ineeditsooner.Letmehaveitinthreedays,OK?W:Noproblem,sir.Butitwillcostyouextra.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.Whatisthedeadlineforthewoman'spaper?A.Thursday. B.Friday. C.Saturday.12.Whathappenedtotheman'scharger?A.Itwaslentout. B.Itwaslost. C.Itwasbroken.13.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Stophelpingothers.B.Behelpfulallthetime.C.Gethisownthingbackintime.【答案】11.B12.A13.C【原文】M:Hey,Sally.MayIcomein,please?W:Yeah.M:Youlookbusynow.IsthereanythingImightdo?W:No,thanks,Tom.Iamengagedinmygraduationpaper,andIhavetohanditinbyFriday.So,whatbroughtyouhere?M:Mmm!WouldyoumindifIborrowyourcharger?Youknow,myfriendlosthislastSaturday,soIlentminetohim.Butitseemsthatheforgotallaboutitandhasn'treturnedittome.W:Notagain.Ireallyappreciateyourhelpingnaturebutitdoesn'tlookgoodeverytime.Iamnotsayingtostophelpingothers,butputtingyourselfatproblemisalsonotgood.Youshouldhaveaskedforyourchargeroncehewasdonewithit.M:Iwilldefinitelykeepthisinmind.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.WhatmajordoesthewomanwantJacobtostudy?A.Engineering. B.Economics. C.Tourism.15.Whatisthewoman'sattitudetowardJacob'sdecision?A.Disapproving. B.Indifferent. C.Supportive.16.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Majorchoice. B.Schoollife. C.Futurejobs.【答案】14.A15.C16.A【原文】M:Mum,canyousparemesometime?Iwanttohaveatalkwithyou.W:Sure.Goahead,Jacob.M:Idon'twanttogoforengineeringasmymajorintheuniversity.Sorrytodisappointyou.NeitherdoIwanttochooseeconomicsasmydadwished.Myinterestisinanotherfield.W:Mostboysareinterestedinthetwofields.YourdadandIreallywantyoutohaveabrilliantfuture.M:Mum,pleasecalmdownandtakeaseat.Letmeexplain.ActuallythethingisthatallthroughtheseyearsIhaverealizedthateventhoughourfamilyhasasciencebackground,I'mreallynotinterestedinit.Iwanttobecomeatravelblogger.W:OK,Iwillrespectallyourdecisions.Afterall,it'syourlifeandIjusthopeyoucanworkhardinwhateverfieldyouchoose.M:Thankyouforyourunderstanding.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.WhatmadeDierdredecidetolearnclimbing?A.Herson'sinfluence.B.Arock-climbingtrip.C.Aninstructor'sencouragement.18.WhendidDierdreconquerElCapitanforthefirsttime?A.Attheageof60. B.Attheageof66. C.Attheageof70.19.WhydidDierdreplantoclimbElCapitanagain?A.Tosetanewrecord.B.Toproveshecanstilldoit.C.Toenjoythenightviewofthetop.20.WhatdidDierdrethinkofclimbing?A.Exhausting. B.Dangerous. C.Inspiring.【答案】17.A18.B19.B20.C【原文】Dierdrebecamearockclimberattheageof60.ShebeganthehobbyasawaytoconnectwithheradultsonAlex,whoiscrazyaboutclimbingandtalksaboutitconstantly.SoDierdreaskedhimtotakehertotherock-climbinggymandinstructher.Shesoondiscoveredthatshealsolovedthesport.Itbecamepartofherroutineandherskillsquicklyimproved.Later,shegainedenoughconfidencetotryherskillsinthemountains.At66,shemadehistorybybecomingtheoldestwomantoeverreachthetopofElCapitan.Itisaroutethatusuallytakesotherclimbersfourdays,whileshecompletedin13hours.Withher70thbirthdayapproaching,shewantedtoproveherselfthatshewasstillabletoclimb.ShesetagoaltoclimbElCapitanonceagain.Thistime,shewantedtoreachthetopofthemountainduringdaylighthourstotakeinthebeautifulviewthatshehadmissedthefirsttime.Shesaidthatclimbingbroughthercourageandconfidencetofaceallthechallengesinlife.Sheencouragesotherstofollowtheirowndreams.“Youcandoanythingifyouwill,”shesaid.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATopDestinationsforTouristsinBudapestBudapestisthecapitalcityofHungary.Fromwonderfularchitecture(建筑)toimpressivemarketplaces,thesesitesarethetopchoicesforvisitors.CastleQuarterThereisasaying:notriptoBudapestiscompletewithoutavisittotheCastleQuarter.ThesiteincludesBudaCastle,MatthiasChurchandFisherman’sBastion.Tohaveabetterview,you’dbettervisittheoldestpartofBudapestjustbeforesunset.Visitorscanseethecitylightupasitchangesfromdaytimetonight.CentralMarketHallIfyou’refeelinghungry,makethisyourfirststop.Themarkethasdifferentkindsoftastyfruitandvegetables,sausages,cheese,andpickleswhichbelongtoBudapest.Visitorscanalsofindlocaltraditionalartthere.Thered-brickbuildingwithitsattractiveyellowandgreenroofisalsoabigdrawforarchitecturelovers.Heroes’SquareHeroes’SquareisknownforitssymbolicMillenniumMonumentwithstatuesofHungariannationalheroesandleaders.Inthecentrerisesacolumn(紀(jì)念柱)withtheTomboftheUnknownSoldierbelow.Oneachsideofthesquarestandtwoneoclassical(新古典主義的)wonderfulbuildings—theMuseumofFineArtsandtheKunsthalle.HungarianParliamentTheHungarianParliamentisakeynationallandmark.LyinginKossuthSquare,thisattractivebuildingsitsontheeasternbankoftheDanubeRiver.ItwasdesignedbyHungarianarchitectImreSteindlintheneo-Gothic(新哥特式的)styleandopenedin1902.21.WhatattractsvisitorstoCentralMarketHall?A.Itscolourfulroof. B.Itslonghistory.C.Itshugesize. D.Itsmodernart.22.Whichplacewouldinteresthistoryloversmost?A.CastleQuarter. B.CentralMarketHall.C.Heroes’Square. D.HungarianParliament.23.Whatdothefoursiteshaveincommon?A.Theyareuniquelystructured. B.Theyrepresentlocalculture.C.Theyfeaturemoderndesign. D.Theyhaveancientbuildings.【答案】21.A22.C23.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了匈牙利首都布達(dá)佩斯的四個(gè)熱門旅游景點(diǎn)。文章分別從建筑特色、歷史文化、景觀體驗(yàn)等方面介紹了這些景點(diǎn)的獨(dú)特魅力。【21題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CentralMarketHall部分“Thered-brickbuildingwithitsattractiveyellowandgreenroofisalsoabigdrawforarchitecturelovers.(這座紅磚建筑有著漂亮的黃色和綠色屋頂，對于建筑愛好者來說也極具吸引力。)”可知，中央大市場的多彩屋頂是吸引游客的重要因素。故選A?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Heroes’Square部分“Heroes’SquareisknownforitssymbolicMillenniumMonumentwithstatuesofHungariannationalheroesandleaders.(英雄廣場以其具有象征意義的“千年紀(jì)念塔”而聞名，該塔內(nèi)安放著匈牙利民族英雄和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的雕像。)”可知，這里的歷史紀(jì)念意義最強(qiáng)，最能吸引歷史愛好者。故選C?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thereisasaying:notriptoBudapestiscompletewithoutavisittotheCastleQuarter.ThesiteincludesBudaCastle,MatthiasChurchandFisherman’sBastion.(有一句俗語說：若去布達(dá)佩斯旅行，不去參觀城堡區(qū)就不算完整。該區(qū)域包括布達(dá)城堡、馬蒂亞斯教堂和漁民堡壘。)”可知，CastleQuarter是布達(dá)佩斯最古老的區(qū)域，展現(xiàn)了城市歷史風(fēng)貌；根據(jù)第三段“Themarkethasdifferentkindsoftastyfruitandvegetables,sausages,cheese,andpickleswhichbelongtoBudapest.(這個(gè)市場有各種美味的水果和蔬菜、香腸、奶酪和腌菜，這些都是來自布達(dá)佩斯的特產(chǎn)。)”可知，CentralMarketHall提供當(dāng)?shù)靥厣澄锖蛡鹘y(tǒng)手工藝品；根據(jù)第四段“Heroes’SquareisknownforitssymbolicMillenniumMonumentwithstatuesofHungariannationalheroesandleaders.(英雄廣場以其具有象征意義的“千年紀(jì)念塔”而聞名，該塔內(nèi)安放著匈牙利民族英雄和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的雕像。)”可知，Heroes’Square以紀(jì)念匈牙利民族英雄而聞名，體現(xiàn)了國家歷史以及最后一段“TheHungarianParliamentisakeynationallandmark.(匈牙利議會是該國的重要標(biāo)志性建筑。)”可知，HungarianParliament是國家標(biāo)志性建筑?？芍餐c(diǎn)是都代表當(dāng)?shù)匚幕?。故選B。BIwasbornwithararediseasethatpreventedthenormalgrowthofmyrightarm.Iwasbullied(霸凌)atschool.Thosecruelcommentswon'taffectmenow,butbackthentheystruckveryhard.MyparentsrealizedplayingwithLegowasagreatwaytoimprovemyflexibility,sotheyboughtmeasetwhenIwasfive.Ibuiltplanesandcars,andevenaprosthetic(假肢的)arm,thoughIhadalreadydecidedIdidn'tneedaprosthesis—theywereveryexpensive,andIwasdoingjustfine.Imadeonebecauseit'sfun.Ihavesincemadeseveralnewversions.Andmylatestmodelisthemostadvancedandcomfortable.Ithasacontrolunitthatcansendandreceiveordersfromsensorsonthearmtothemotors,withcablesthatcontractlikemuscles.Alotofpeopledon'thavetheresourcestobuyaprosthesis.Ihateitwhenpeoplehavetopayupto100,000foraprosthesis.Theyshouldn'tpaythatmuch—it'snotaluxury.Mygoalistotrytomakesomethatmorepeoplecanafford.WhenIwas19,theparentsofaneight-year-oldboygotintouchtoaskifIcouldbuildhimaprosthesis.Hisarmsandlegsareunderdevelopedaspartofhiscondition,soImadetwoprostheticarmsusingLegounitscostingonly15.Hissmilewasveryempowering(增強(qiáng)自信的)whenheusedthemforthefirsttime.Tome,mycreationsdon'tnecessarilytellthestoryofhowIovercamemyconditionwithLego;they'reabouthowIovercamebullyingandbeingupsetalmosteverydayatschool.24.Howdidtheauthorfeelabouthisschoolexperience?A.Encouraging. B.Tiring. C.Painful. D.Comfortable.25.Whatistheauthor'smaingoalformakingprostheses?A.Toimprovetheirfunction. B.Totesttheirflexibility.C.Topromotetheirluxuryuse. D.Toreducetheircost.26.Whatchangedoestheauthorhighlightfrommakingprosthetics?A.Heearnedgreatfame. B.Hefoundemotionalrelief.C.Hecuredhisdisability. D.Heimprovedhisgrades.27.Whatkindofpersonistheauthor?A.Sympatheticandcreative. B.Outgoingandadaptable.C.Patientbutaggressive. D.Ambitiousbutproud.【答案】24.C25.D26.B27.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。作者天生患有罕見疾病，導(dǎo)致右臂無法正常生長，在學(xué)校遭受霸凌。后來父母讓他玩樂高，他因此制作出假肢，不僅自己使用，還幫助他人制作低成本假肢，在這個(gè)過程中，他克服了霸凌帶來的痛苦，獲得了情感上的慰藉。【24題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Iwasbullied(霸凌)atschool.Thosecruelcommentswon'taffectmenow,butbackthentheystruckveryhard(我在學(xué)校被霸凌過。那些殘酷的評論現(xiàn)在不會影響我，但當(dāng)時(shí)它們的打擊非常大)”可知，作者在學(xué)校遭受霸凌，當(dāng)時(shí)那些殘酷的評論對他打擊很大，由此可推斷他的學(xué)校經(jīng)歷是痛苦的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Alotofpeopledon’thavetheresourcestobuyaprosthesis.Ihateitwhenpeoplehavetopayupto￡100,000foraprosthesis.Theyshouldn'tpaythatmuch—it'snotaluxury.Mygoalistotrytomakesomethatmorepeoplecanafford(很多人沒有資金購買假肢。我討厭人們不得不為一個(gè)假肢支付高達(dá)10萬英鎊的費(fèi)用。他們不應(yīng)該付那么多錢——這不是奢侈品。我的目標(biāo)是努力制作一些更多人能負(fù)擔(dān)得起的假肢)”可知，作者認(rèn)為很多人買不起假肢，而假肢不應(yīng)是奢侈品，他的目標(biāo)是讓更多人能負(fù)擔(dān)得起，即降低假肢的成本。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Tome,mycreationsdon'tnecessarilytellthestoryofhowIovercamemyconditionwithLego;they'reabouthowIovercamebullyingandbeingupsetalmosteverydayatschool(對我來說，我的創(chuàng)作不一定講述我如何用樂高克服自身狀況的故事；它們是關(guān)于我如何克服霸凌和幾乎每天在學(xué)校的沮喪情緒)”可知，作者制作假肢的經(jīng)歷，重點(diǎn)在于讓他克服了每天在學(xué)校因霸凌而產(chǎn)生的沮喪情緒，可推理出作者實(shí)現(xiàn)了情感上的緩解。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Alotofpeopledon’thavetheresourcestobuyaprosthesis.Ihateitwhenpeoplehavetopayupto￡100,000foraprosthesis.Theyshouldn'tpaythatmuch—it'snotaluxury.Mygoalistotrytomakesomethatmorepeoplecanafford(很多人沒有資金購買假肢。我討厭人們不得不為一個(gè)假肢支付高達(dá)10萬英鎊的費(fèi)用。他們不應(yīng)該付那么多錢——這不是奢侈品。我的目標(biāo)是努力制作一些更多人能負(fù)擔(dān)得起的假肢)”可知，作者認(rèn)為很多人買不起假肢，而假肢不應(yīng)是奢侈品，可推理出他富有同情心；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Hisarmsandlegsareunderdevelopedaspartofhiscondition,soImadetwoprostheticarmsusingLegounitscostingonly15.Hissmilewasveryempowering(增強(qiáng)自信的)whenheusedthemforthefirsttime(他的四肢發(fā)育不良是自身狀況的一部分，所以我用樂高積木單元制作了兩條假肢，僅花費(fèi)了15英鎊。當(dāng)他第一次使用這兩條假肢時(shí)，他的笑容非常振奮人心)”可知，作者利用樂高制作出先進(jìn)且舒適的假肢，體現(xiàn)了他的創(chuàng)造力，故選A項(xiàng)。CScientistsrecentlyconductedastudythatinvolvedgivingpetparrotsatablet.Theycouldusethetabletstomakevideocallstootherparrots.Itturnedoutthatthebirdsshowedsignsoffeelinglessisolated(孤獨(dú)的).Theyalsobegantoengageinmoresocialbehaviours,includingcleaningtheirfeathers,aswellassingingandplaying.IlyenaHirskyj-Douglas,aco-authorofthestudy,worksattheUniversityofGlasgow,Scotland.Shesaidthatvideocallshadhelpedmanypeoplefeellessisolatedduringthepandemic.“Thereare20millionparrotslivinginpeople’shomesintheUS,andwewantedtoexplorewhetherthosebirdsmightbenefitfromvideocalling,too,”Hirskyj-Douglassaid.“Ifwegavethemtheopportunitytocallotherparrots,wouldtheychoosetodoso,andwouldtheexperiencebenefittheparrots?”Inorderfortheparrotstousetheirtablets,thebirdsfirsthadtolearntoringabell.Theycouldthentouchaphotoofanotherbirdonthescreentocallthatbird.Thebirdswerealsogivenachoiceofwhich“friend”tocall.Intotalthebirdsmade147deliberatecallstoeachotherduringthestudy.Scientiststookdetailednotesonthebirds’behaviourandlaterreviewedthevideofootage(片段).Theiranalysissuggestedthattherewere,indeed,benefitsforthebirds.Inthewild,manyparrotsliveinlargegroups.Aspets,theytendtobekeptaloneorinasmallgroup.Isolationandboredomcancausebirdstodeveloppsychologicalproblems.Theseareproblemsrelatedtothemindandbehaviour.Theseproblemscanlooklikerocking,pacingbackandforth,orself-harmingbehaviourssuchasfeather-plucking.RébeccaKleinberger,whoworksatNortheasternUniversityinMassachusetts,alsohelpedwiththestudy.Shesaidvideocallingcouldreproducesomeofthesocialbenefitsoflivinginalargergroup.28.Whatwasthemainpurposeofthestudy?A.Toseeifparrotscanusetablets. B.Tocheckifvideocallsbenefitparrots.C.Totestparrots’mentalhealth. D.Tocompareparrots’livingconditions.29.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Howthestudywasdone. B.Whatthestudyfound.C.Wherethefindingsareapplied. D.Whythestudymatters.30.Howdovideocallshelpparrots?A.Bystoppingbadhabits. B.Byencouragingreproduction.C.Byenhancingfitness. D.Byincreasingsocialcontact.31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WildParrotsAreHealthierinSocialSettings.B.LonelyParrotsMayDevelopMentalIssues.C.ParrotsFeelLessLonelyThroughVideoCalls.D.ParrotsCorrectBehaviourThroughVideoCalls.【答案】28.B29.A30.D31.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹科學(xué)家研究發(fā)現(xiàn)寵物鸚鵡通過視頻通話減少孤獨(dú)感?！?8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中““Thereare20millionparrotslivinginpeople’shomesintheUS,andwewantedtoexplorewhetherthosebirdsmightbenefitfromvideocalling,too,”Hirskyj-Douglassaid.“Ifwegavethemtheopportunitytocallotherparrots,wouldtheychoosetodoso,andwouldtheexperiencebenefittheparrots?”(“在美國，有2000萬只鸚鵡生活在人們的家中，我們想探索這些鸚鵡是否也能從視頻通話中受益，”Hirskyj-Douglas說，“如果我們給它們機(jī)會與其他鸚鵡通話，它們會選擇這樣做嗎？這種經(jīng)歷會對鸚鵡有益嗎？”)”可知，研究的主要目的是驗(yàn)證視頻通話是否對鸚鵡有益。故選B。【29題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Inorderfortheparrotstousetheirtablets,thebirdsfirsthadtolearntoringabell.Theycouldthentouchaphotoofanotherbirdonthescreentocallthatbird.Thebirdswerealsogivenachoiceofwhich“friend”tocall.Intotalthebirdsmade147deliberatecallstoeachotherduringthestudy.Scientiststookdetailednotesonthebirds’behaviourandlaterreviewedthevideofootage(片段).(為了讓鸚鵡能夠使用平板電腦，這些鳥首先得學(xué)會按鈴。然后，它們可以觸摸屏幕上另一只鳥的照片來呼叫那只鳥。這些鳥還可以選擇呼叫哪個(gè)“朋友”。在研究期間，這些鳥總共進(jìn)行了147次有意識的互相呼叫。科學(xué)家們詳細(xì)記錄了這些鳥的行為，并隨后查看了視頻片段。)”可知，第三段介紹了實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟：鸚鵡先學(xué)習(xí)按鈴，再通過觸摸屏幕上的照片選擇通話對象，科學(xué)家記錄并分析行為。因此該段主要講研究的實(shí)施過程。故選A。【30題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Itturnedoutthatthebirdsshowedsignsoffeelinglessisolated(孤獨(dú)的).Theyalsobegantoengageinmoresocialbehaviours,includingcleaningtheirfeathers,aswellassingingandplaying.(結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些鳥表現(xiàn)出了不那么孤獨(dú)的跡象。它們也開始表現(xiàn)出更多的社交行為，包括梳理羽毛、唱歌和玩耍。)”和最后一段中“Shesaidvideocallingcouldreproducesomeofthesocialbenefitsoflivinginalargergroup.(她表示，視頻通話可以再現(xiàn)群居生活帶來的一些社交益處。)”可知，視頻通話通過增加社交接觸幫助鸚鵡。故選D?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Scientistsrecentlyconductedastudythatinvolvedgivingpetparrotsatablet.Theycouldusethetabletstomakevideocallstootherparrots.Itturnedoutthatthebirdsshowedsignsoffeelinglessisolated(孤獨(dú)的).Theyalsobegantoengageinmoresocialbehaviours,includingcleaningtheirfeathers,aswellassingingandplaying.(科學(xué)家最近進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)研究，他們給寵物鸚鵡提供了平板電腦。這些鸚鵡可以用平板電腦與其他鸚鵡進(jìn)行視頻通話。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些鳥表現(xiàn)出了不那么孤獨(dú)的跡象。它們也開始表現(xiàn)出更多的社交行為，包括梳理羽毛、唱歌和玩耍。)”可知，文章主要介紹科學(xué)家研究發(fā)現(xiàn)寵物鸚鵡通過視頻通話減少孤獨(dú)感。C選項(xiàng)“ParrotsFeelLessLonelyThroughVideoCalls(鸚鵡通過視頻通話感覺不那么孤獨(dú))”準(zhǔn)確概括了核心內(nèi)容。故選C。DWhenfooditemsarespecificallylabelledasvegan—indicatingtheyarepreparedwithnoanimalproducts,includingeggsorbutter—peoplearelesslikelytoselectthem,eventhoughitisbetterfortheplanetandfortheirhealth,accordingtoarecentexperiment.Growingandtransportingfoodaccountsforaquarterofallglobalgreenhousegasemissions,whichareacceleratingtheclimatecrisis.Ofthese,thevastmajoritycomefromprocesseslinkedtomeatanddairyproduction,whichiswhyexpertsareadvisingsocietiestoshifttowardmoreplant-basedeating.“WehavetomakebigchangestohowweproduceandconsumefoodifwewanttoreachclimategoalsandfeedEarth'sever-growingpopulation,”saysRichardWaite,anexpertonfoodclimatepolicy.ButthestudyatMITindicatesthismayprovechallenging.Researchersaskedsome150peopleattendingseveraluniversityeventstochoosetheirlunchbetweentwooptions,oneofthemvegan.ChoicesincludedvegetableversuscheeseravioliandavegetablehummuswrapversusaGreeksaladwithfeta.Asimilarstudyofmealpreferenceswasalsoconductedonline.Halftherespondentsinbothstudiesrandomlyreceivedanorderforminwhichtheveganitemwaslabelled.Whenthisveganterminology(術(shù)語)wasused,peoplewerelesslikelytoordertheentrée(主菜)thanwhenitwasnot.Forthein-personattendees,sometwo-thirdsmoreavoidedthedish.Aftertheresearchwaspublished,somepeopletoldthestudy'sleadauthor,AlexBerke,adoctoralstudentatMIT'sMediaLab,theresultswereunexpected.Butsheanticipatedtheoutcome.Berkeherselfbeganeatingvegetarian—aplant-baseddietthatincludesdairyandeggs—atage10andadoptedavegandietthreeyearsagotohelptheclimate.“Anyonewhohasbeeneatingveganforawhilewouldnotbesurprised,”saysBerke.“Theyseethebiasagainstthesefoods.”Environmentalistsarecleartheyarenoturgingeveryonetobecomevegetarians,but,ifpossible,toincludemoreplant-basedmeals.“Ifyoushiftathirdofyourbeefconsumptiontobeansandsoy,youreducetheclimateimpactofyourdietbyabout15percent,”Waitesays.32.Whatdidtherecentexperimentfind?A.Peoplechosefoodatrandom. B.Foodscalledveganwerechosenless.C.Peoplepreferredmeatproducts. D.Foodchoicesaffectedclimategreatly.33.Howdidsomepeoplefeelabouttheresults?A.Theywereinterested. B.Theydisagreed.C.Theyweresurprised. D.Theyfeltupset.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bias”inParagraph5mean?A.Unfairdislike. B.Strongsupport.C.Hotdiscussion. D.Hardfight.35.Whatdoenvironmentalistssuggestpeopledo?A.Avoidplant-basedmeals. B.Becomevegetarians.C.Eatlessmeatindailylife. D.Removemeatproducts.【答案】32.B33.C34.A35.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)食物被明確標(biāo)注為“vegan”(純素食)時(shí)，人們更不愿意選擇它，盡管素食對環(huán)境和健康更有利?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Whenfooditemsarespecificallylabelledasvegan—indicatingtheyarepreparedwithnoanimalproducts,includingeggsorbutter—peoplearelesslikelytoselectthem(當(dāng)食品被特別標(biāo)注為純素食——表明它們不含動物產(chǎn)品，包括雞蛋或黃油——人們選擇它們的可能性更小)”可知，最近的實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)被稱為純素食的食物被選擇得更少。故選B?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Aftertheresearchwaspublished,somepeopletoldthestudy'sleadauthor,AlexBerke...theresultswereunexpected.(研究結(jié)果公布后，一些人告訴該研究的主要作者亞歷克斯?伯克……結(jié)果出乎意料。)”可知，一些人對結(jié)果感到驚訝。故選C。【34題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“peoplearelesslikelytoselectthem(人們選擇它們的可能性更小)”以及第五段“Anyonewhohasbeeneatingveganforawhilewouldnotbesurprised(任何吃了一段時(shí)間純素食的人都不會感到驚訝)”可知，人們對純素食存在一種不公平的不喜歡態(tài)度，所以“bias”意思為“不公平的厭惡”。故選A?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Environmentalistsarecleartheyarenoturgingeveryonetobecomevegetarians,but,ifpossible,toincludemoreplant-basedmeals.“Ifyoushiftathirdofyourbeefconsumptiontobeansandsoy,youreducetheclimateimpactofyourdietbyabout15percent,”Waitesays.(環(huán)保主義者明確表示，他們并非敦促每個(gè)人都成為素食者，而是建議，如果可能的話，多吃一些植物性食物。韋特說：“如果你將三分之一的牛肉攝入量換成豆類食品，那么你日常飲食對氣候造成的影響就能降低約15%。”)”可知，環(huán)保人士建議人們在日常生活中少吃肉。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Wanttofeelbetter,havemoreenergyandevenaddyearstoyourlife?Justexercise.Thehealthbenefitsofregularexerciseandphysicalactivityarehardtoignore.____36____Checkoutbelowhowexercisecanleadtoahappierandhealthieryou.Exercisecontrolsweight.Exercisecanhelppreventexcess(過多的)weightgainorhelpmaintainweightloss.Whenyouengageinphysicalactivity,youburncalories.Themoreintensetheactivityis,themorecaloriesyouburn.Regulartripstothegymaregreat,butdon’tworryifyoucan’tfindenoughtimetoexerciseeveryday.____37____Togainthebenefitsofexercise,justgetmoreactivethroughoutyourday—takethestairsinsteadoftheliftordoyourhouseholdchores.Consistencyiskey.Exerciseimprovesmood.____38____Orneedtorelaxafterastressfulday?Agymsessionorbriskwalkcanhelp.Physicalactivitystimulatesvariousbrainchemicalsthatmayleaveyoufeelinghappier,morerelaxedandlessanxious.Youmayalsofeelbetteraboutyourappearanceandyourselfwhenyouexerciseregularly,whichcanboostyourconfidenceandimproveyourself-esteem.Exerciseboostsenergy.Tiredoutbygroceryshoppingorhouseholdchores?____39____Exercisedeliversoxygenandnutrientstoyourtissuesandhelpsyourcardiovascular(心血管的)systemworkmoreefficiently.Andwhenyourheartandlunghealthimproves,youhavemoreenergytotackledailychores.Exercisecanbefunandsocial.Exerciseandphysicalactivitycanbeenjoyable.Theygiveyouachancetorelax,enjoytheoutdoorsorsimplyengageinactivitiesthatmakeyouhappy.Physicalactivitycanalsohelpyouconnectwithfamilyorfriendsinafunsocialsetting.____40____Findaphysicalactivityyouenjoy,andjustdoit.A.Needanemotionallift?B.Needtobemoreconvincedtogetmoving?C.Anyamountofactivityisbetterthannoneatall.D.Trysomethingnew,ordosomethingwithconfidence.E.Sotakeadanceclass,hitthehikingtrailsorjoinasoccerteam.F.Regularphysicalactivitycanimproveyourmusclestrengthandboostyourtolerance.G.Exerciseandphysicalactivityaregreatwaystomakeyoufeelhealthierandhaveabettershape.【答案】36.B37.C38.A39.F40.E【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了經(jīng)常鍛煉和從事體育活動的好處?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)空后的“Checkoutbelowhowexercisecanleadtoahappierandhealthieryou.(看看下面的運(yùn)動是如何讓你更快樂、更健康的。)”可知，下文開始分析運(yùn)動是如何讓人們更快樂、更健康的。選項(xiàng)B“Needtobemoreconvincedtogetmoving?(需要被說服才能行動起來？)”采用提問的方式引出下文內(nèi)容，指的是需要了解具體的好處才能讓你開始運(yùn)動嗎？然后展開對運(yùn)動帶來的好處的介紹。故選B?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)空后的“Togainthebenefitsofexercise,justgetmoreactivethroughoutyourday—takethestairsinsteadoftheliftordoyourhouseholdchores.Consistencyiskey.(為了獲得鍛煉的好處，只要在一天中多活動一下——爬樓梯而不是坐電梯，或者做家務(wù)。堅(jiān)持是關(guān)鍵。)”可知，下文講述的是每天多活動一下也是可以的。選項(xiàng)C“Anyamountofactivityisbetterthannoneatall.(任何程度的活動都比不活動好。)”與下文內(nèi)容一致，指的是不管活動多少都比不活動好。故選C?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)下文的“Orneedtorelaxafterastressfulday?(或者在緊張的一天后需要放松一下？)”可推斷，空處與本句一致，為疑問句。再根據(jù)下文的“Agymsessionorbriskwalkcanhelp.Physicalactivitystimulatesvariousbrainchemicalsthatmayleaveyoufeelinghappier,morerelaxedandlessanxious.Youmayalsofeelbetteraboutyourappearanceandyourselfwhenyouexerciseregularly,whichcanboostyourconfidenceandimproveyourself-esteem.(健身或快走會有所幫助。體育活動會刺激大腦中的各種化學(xué)物質(zhì)，讓你感覺更快樂、更放松、更少焦慮。當(dāng)你經(jīng)常鍛煉時(shí)，你也會對自己的外表和自我感覺更好，這可以增強(qiáng)你的信心，提高你的自尊。)”可知本段主要講述的是運(yùn)動對于人情緒上的幫助。選項(xiàng)A“Needanemotionallift?(需要情緒提升？)”引出下文內(nèi)容，指出運(yùn)動對于情緒上的好處。故選A?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)下文的“Exercisedeliversoxygenandnutrientstoyourtissuesandhelpsyourcardiovascular(心血管的)systemworkmoreefficiently.Andwhenyourheartandlunghealthimproves,youhavemoreenergytotackledailychores.(運(yùn)動為你的身體組織輸送氧氣和營養(yǎng)，幫助你的心血管系統(tǒng)更有效地工作。當(dāng)你的心臟和肺部健康狀況改善時(shí)，你就有更多的精力來處理日?，嵤?。)”可知，運(yùn)動可以使身體更好。選項(xiàng)F“Regularphysicalactivitycanimproveyourmusclestrengthandboostyourtolerance.(規(guī)律的體育鍛煉可以增強(qiáng)你的肌肉力量，增強(qiáng)你的耐受力。)”與下文內(nèi)容一致，指的是運(yùn)動可以增強(qiáng)能量，使身體更好，從而有更多的精力來處理日?，嵤隆９蔬xF?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)空前的“Physica