Unit2語法篇

理解并掌握被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)及用法

被動語態(tài)

1.被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：be+p.p.(pastparticiple動詞的過去分詞)

2.不同時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成

一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：am/is/are+p.p.

一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：was/were+p.p.

一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：willbe+done/begoingto+p.p.

現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)：am/is/are+being+p.p.

過去進行時的被動語態(tài)：was/were+being+p.p.

現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)：have/has+been+p.p.

過去完成時的被動語態(tài)：had+been+p.p.

含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞(can,may,must)+be+p.p.

eg:Theroomisfilledwithsmoke.

Thebridgewasn'tbuiltuntil1914.

Everythingwillbedonetoputoutthefire.

Theroomisbeingcleanedatthemoment.

Hetoldmethattheroadwasbeingrepaired.

Allofthefoodhasbeeneatenup.

MyhomeworkhadbeendonebeforeIwenthome.

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3.使役動詞、感官動詞的被動語態(tài)

帶復合賓語(賓語+賓補)的動詞改為被動語態(tài)時，把主動結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語改為主語，而賓語補足語

保留在謂語動詞后面。如：

(1)Wealwayskeeptheclassroomclean,(keepsth.clean)

一Theclassroomisalwayskeptclean.(sthbekeptclean)

(2)Shetoldusnottostayuplate.(tellsbnottodo...)

—Weweretoldnottostayuplate.(sb.betoldnottodo...)

注意：在see,watch,hear,notice,listento,lookat,make,feel等動詞后作賓語補足語的動詞不定式

都不帶to,但改成被動語態(tài)后都補上to。

Weoftenhearhimplaytheguitar.—Heisoftenheardtoplaytheguitar.

記住下列變化：

seesbdo...beseentodo

hearsbdo....beheardtodo

listentosbdobelistenedtodo

makesbdo...bemadetodo

4.有些動詞既可作及物動詞，也可作不及物動詞，當它們和well,badly,easily等副詞連用時，表

示主語內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或使用性能,是不及物動詞，不用被動語態(tài)。

常見的有：write,read,clean,sell,wash,cook等。

eg:Theclothwasheseasily.這布很好洗。

Thenewcomputersellswell.這新產(chǎn)品很暢銷。

Theprinterprintsquickly.這個打印機打印很快。

對比：Thebookssellwell.(主動句)Thebooksweresoldout.(被動句)

5.被動語態(tài)的解題思路

(1)判斷主語與謂語動詞的主被動關(guān)系

(2)根據(jù)時間狀語判斷時態(tài)

(3)根據(jù)不同時態(tài)被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成解出正確答案

1.—Thefamoustowermorethan300yearsago.

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A.buildB.buildsC.builtD.wasbuilt

2.ThisclassroomforEnglishComer.

A.usesB.isusingC.canbeusedD.shalluse

3.---Willteachersbycomputersinthefuture,Tony?

—Maybeyes,maybeno.ButFmsurewewilllearnsomethingfrombothofthem.

A.havereplacedB.arereplacingC.arereplacedD.bereplaced

4.Mysistertothepartyyesterday.Shehadagoodtimewithherfriends.

A.invitesB.invitedC.wasinvitedD.isinvited

5.---Foodsafetyisveryimportant.

---Sosomerulestostoppeoplefrompollutingfood.

A.mustmakeB.mustbemadeC.mustmadeD.bemade

6.Peoplewhodon'tworkshouldbemade.

A.workB.workedC.toworkD.working

7.Apartyinourschoolnextmonth.I'mlookingforwardtoit.

A.heldB.holdsC.isheldD.willbeheld

8.Sofar,themoon______bymanalready.

A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited

9.Theflowersoften.

A.mustbewaterB.mustbewateredC.mustwateredD.mustwater

10.Maryshowmehernewdictionary.

A.hasaskedtoB.askstoC.isaskedD.wasaskedto

基礎演練

用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的正確形式填空。

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1.Whichlanguagethemostwidely(speak)intheworld?

2.Theoldmanisill.He(mustsend)tothehospital.

3.They(make)ofmetalandwood.

4.Canthemagazine(take)outofthelibrary?

5.Someflowers(water)byLiMingalready.

6.Thiskindofshoes(sell)well.

7.Lastyearalargenumberoftrees(cut)down.

8.Thestarscan't(see)inthedaytime.

9.Thelostboy(notfind)sofar.

10.Ifssaidthat(據(jù)說)thatthelongbridge(build)intwomonths.

鞏固提高

一、根據(jù)中文提示完成句子(每空一詞)

1.這種產(chǎn)品的價格取決于它的質(zhì)量。

Thepriceofthiskindofproductitsquality.

2.你怎么看待《湯姆索亞歷險記》(這本書)？

WhatdoyouTheAdventuresofTomSawyer?

3.讀書有助于幫助我們了解人性。

Readingcanusabouthumannature.

4.為了進一步美化校園，下個月會在我們學校種很多樹。

Nextmonthmanytreesinourschooltomakeitmorebeautiful.

5.Alice在北京已經(jīng)兩年了，她習慣了這里的生活。

AlicehasbeeninBeijingfortwoyears.Shehere.

二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換

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1.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.（改為被動語態(tài)）

2.Youneedn'tdoitnow.（改為被動語態(tài)）

3.Hemademedothatforhim.（改為被動語態(tài)）

4.Didtheybuildabridgehereayearago?（改為被動語態(tài)）

5.ThelightgreendresseshavebeensoldoutbyTom.（改為主動語態(tài)）

一、單項選擇

1.Tomisabooklover.likesreadingverymuch.

A.SheB.HeC.YouD.They

2.Theworksoon.

A.willbefinishedB.hasbeenfinishedC.willfinishD.finishes

3.Hisfamousworkin1990.

A.publishedB.ispublishedC.waspublishedD.hasbeenpublished

4.TheGreatWallallovertheworld.

A.wasknownB.isknownC.wasknewD.knows

5.AtalkonChinesehistoryintheschoolhallnextweek.

A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.gives

6.Now,peoplehavemorefreetime.SquareDancingisbecomingmoreandmore.

A.comfortableB.difficultC.differentD.popular

7.Apersonwhoisdoesnottellliesorcheatpeople.

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A.carelessB.stupidC.honestD.humorous

8.---How'shenow?---1hearthecompanyhimaverygoodjob,butheturneditdown.

A.donatedB.offeredC.servedD.introduced

9.---Excuseme,doyouknow?

—Sure.Thereisabookstoredownthestreet.

A.wherecanIgetsomepostcards

B.whereIcangetsomepostcards

C.whenIcangetsomepostcards

D.whencanIgetsomepostcards

10.Theoldbridgeinmyhometownnextmonth.

A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.isgoingtorebuild

C.aregoingtoberebuiltD.willrebuild

二、完形填空

BradclosedthedoorslowlyasSuelefthometovisithermother.Expecting

awholedaytorelax,hewasthinkingwhethertoreadthenewspaperorwatchhis

favoriteTVtalkshowonhisfirstdayoffinmonths.t6Thiswillbelikeawalkin

thepark,"he'dtoldhiswife."I'lllookafter1andyoucangotovisityoui

Thingsstartedwell,butjustaftereighto'clock,histhreelittle"goodkids''

一Mike,Randy,andAlex-camedownthestairsintheirnightclothesandshouted"Breakfast,daddy.”

When2hadnotappearedwithinthirtyseconds,RandybeganusinghisspoononAlex'sheadasifit

wereadrum.Alexstartedtoshoutloudlyintimetothebeat（節(jié)拍）.Mikechanted"Where'smyhotdog,

where'smyhotdog."inthebackground.Brad3hisnewspaperwouldhavetowaitfbrafewseconds.

Lifebecameworseafterbreakfast.MikeworeRandy'strousersonhishead.Randylockedhimselfin

thebathroom,whileAlex4againbecausehewasgoingtowethisshortpants（短褲）.Nobodycould

find5socks,althoughtheywerebeforetheireyes.Someonenamed“NotMe“hadspilled（灑，潑出）a

wholeglassoforangejuiceintothebasketofcleanclothes.Bradknewthetalkshowhadalready6

Byteno'clock,thingswereoutof7Alexwaswonderingwhythefishinthejarrefusedhis

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breadandbutter.Mikewastryingtoshowoffhis8bydecoratingthekitchenwallwithhiscolour

pencils.Randy,thankfully,appearedtobereadingquietlyinthefamilyroom,butcloserexamination9

thathewaseatingapplejamstraightfromthebottlewithhishands.Bradrealizedthatthetalkshowwas

overandreadingwouldbeimpossible.

Atexactly11:17,Bradcalledthedaycarecentre（日托所）.“Isuddenlyhavetogointoworkandmy

wife'saway.CanIbringtheboysoverinafewminutes?^^Theanswerwas10"yes"becauseBradwas

smiling.

1.A.thekidsB.yourworkC.thehouseD.myself

2.A.clothesB.foodC.dadD.mum

3.A.thoughtB.decidedC.plannedD.realized

4.A.criedB.shoutedC.explainedD.argued

5.A.cleanB.dirtyC.newD.old

6.A.startedB.finishedC.goneD.appeared

7.A.sightB.planC.imaginationD.control

8.A.ideaB.differenceC.talentD.hobby

9.A.showedB.predictedC.expressedD.provided

10.A.nearlyB.probablyC.obviouslyD.finally

一、單項選擇

1.—Excuseme,sir.isitfromheretoNo.6MiddleSchool?

---Ifsabout10minutes9walk.

A.HowsoonB.HowfarC.HowmuchD.Howoften

2.Theroadsinmyhometownarethanbefore.

A.wideB.widerC.widestD.thewidest

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3.Sorry,sir.Ifollowyou.Wouldyoupleasespeakslower?

A.can'tB.mustn'tC.shouldn'tD.needn't

4.ThenextOlympicGamesinBrazilin2019.

A.willholdB.willbeheldC.holdD.areheld

5.Thereiswithyourchild.Don'tworry.

A.anythingB.somethingC.everythingD.nothing

（附：單選1-5,東城區(qū)2019-2019學年第一學期期末統(tǒng)一測試）

二、閱讀理解

A

ReadingisveryimportanttohelpyoulearnEnglish.Tolearnasmuchasyoucanfromreading,you

needtoreaddifferentkindsofEnglish.ThisbookprovidesnotonlydifferentkindsofEnglishbutalsoa

goodwaytocheckyourreadingability.Therearefourpartsinthebook:

Part1isMessages:Inthispartsomebodywantstowadinformationinwritingtosomebodyelse.

Thereisatestontimetablesandatestontextmessages.

Part2isPeople:Inthispartallthetestsareaboutpeople.Forexample,thereisaninformalletter

betweenfriends.Thereisformal（正式的）Englishinbiography（傳記）.Thereisajobapplicationasa

modeltohelpwithyourwriting,aswellastestingyourreading.

Part3isPlaces:Inthispart,toomanydifferentkindsofEnglishareshown,someinformalandsome

formal.ThereistheinformalEnglishofaholidaypostcard.ThereisalsotheformalEnglishinaletterof

complaint.

Part4isThings:Youwillfindsomedescriptivewritinginthispart.Therearedescriptionsofclothes

andofacomputer.

Youcandothesetestsinanyorderyoulike,oryoucandoallthetestswithaformalorinformaltext.I

enjoyedwritingthisbookandIhopeyouenjoyusingit.

1.Wecanfindtheintroductiontoaproductin.

A.Part1B.Part2C.Part3D.Part4

2.WhichofthefollowingismostprobablywrittenininformalEnglish?

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A.Aletterofcomplaint.B.Acomputerhandbook.

C.Alettertoafriend.D.Astoryofapresident.

3.Thepassageismostprobablywrittenfor.

A.testdesignersB.studentsC.test-takersD.teachers

4.Whatisthebesttitleofthebook?

A.TestYourReading

B.Helpw汕YourWriting

C.LearnDifferentKindsofEnglish

D.PractiseEnglishinDifferentWays

B

Readingisveryimportant.WorldBookDayfallsonApril23everyyear.Itencouragespeople,

especiallyteenagers,todiscoverthepleasureofreading.Itisalsothedaytohonor（尊敬）greatwriters.

Manycountriescelebrate（慶祝）WorldBookDay.Onthatday,millionsofschoolchildrencanbuy

booksatamuchlowerpricethanusualinanybookstoreinEngland.Ithasbeendoneeveryyearsince2019.

WorldBookDayisalsocelebratedinChina.WenJiabao,PremierofChina,isanavidreader.Hedoeslots

ofreadingeverydaythoughheisverybusy.OnWorldBookDay2009,hecalledon（號召）peopletodo

morereading.Wensuggestedthatyoungpeopleshouldspendmoretimereading.t4Bookscannotchange

theworld,butpeoplecanchangetheworldbychangingthemselvesthroughreading/5hesaid.

Readinghelpsusbecomemoreknowledgeableandsmarter.Readinghelpsustofollowthelatest

developmentsofscienceandtechnology（技術(shù)）.Readinggivesusinformationaboutotherculturesand

placesintheworld.ReadingisalsooneofthemostimportantwaystolearnaforeignlanguagelikeEnglish.

Weallknowthatitisdifficulttolearneverythingintheclassroom,forexample,thewaysEnglishpeople

arelivingandworkingtodaycanbelearntbyreading.

Books,magazines,newspapersandotherkindsofreadingmaterialscanhelpustoknowmoreabout

theoutsideworld.Therefore,itisnecessaryforustospendtimereadingeveryday.

5.WhenisWorldBookDay?

A.August8everyyearB.March12everyyearC.April23everyyearD.June6everyyear

6.Anavidreaderisapersonwho.

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A.lovesreadingB.neverreadsC.doessomereadingD.hatesreading

7.WorldBookDaywassetupinordertoencouragepeopleto..

A.learnforeignlanguagesB.domorereading

C.buymorebooksD.knowmoreaboutscience

8.Accordingtothepassage,readingcanhelppeopleinmanywaysEXCEPT.

A.learningEnglishbetterB.knowingmoreaboutcultures

C.improvingyourhealthD.knowingmoreabouttheoutsideworld

9.What'sthebesttitleforthearticle?

A.WorldBookDayinEngland.

B.SuggestionsonReading.

C.WorldBookDayinChina.

D.WorldBookDayandtheAdvantagesofReading.

C

Timespentinabookshopcanbemostenjoyable,whetheryouareabookloveroronlygotheretobuy

abookasapresent.Youmayevenhaveenteredtheshopjusttofindashelter（躲避處）fromasuddenrain.

Whateverthereason,youcansoontotallybecomeunaware（未意識至!J）ofyoursurroundings.Yousoon

becomeinterestedinsomebooksorothers,andusuallyitisonlymuchlaterthatyourealizeyouhavespent

toomuchtimethereandhavetorushofftokeepsomeforgottenappointment.

Thischancetoescapetherealities（現(xiàn)實）ofeverydaylifeis,Ithink,themainattractionofabookshop.

Therearenotmanyplaceswhereitispossibletodothis.Amusicshopisverymuchlikeabookshop.You

canwalkaroundsuchaplaceasmuchasyouwish.Ifitisagoodshop,noassistantwillcomeuptoyou

withthegreeting“CanIhelpyou^^Youneedn'tbuyanythingyoudon'twant.Inabookshopanassistant

shouldremaininthebackgrounduntilyouhavefinishedreading.Then,andonlythen,arehisservices

necessary.

Onceamedicalstudenthadtoreadatextbookwhichwasfartooexpensiveforhimtobuy.He

couldn'tborrowitfromthelibraryandt