PAGE1專題02句子成分和基本句型內(nèi)容導(dǎo)航考點(diǎn)聚焦：核心考點(diǎn)+高考考點(diǎn)，有的放矢重點(diǎn)速記：知識(shí)點(diǎn)和關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)梳理，查漏補(bǔ)缺難點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化：難點(diǎn)內(nèi)容標(biāo)注與講解，能力提升復(fù)習(xí)提升：真題感知+提升專練，全面突破核心考點(diǎn)聚焦考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)一八種句子成分根據(jù)英語詞匯在英語句子中的地位和作用，英語句子的成分可分為主語、謂語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)語、表語、定語、狀語、同位語及獨(dú)立成分等。（一）．主語表示句子所要說明或描述的人或事物，一般由名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞組或句子充當(dāng)，置于句首。(1)Englishisnoteasytolearnwell.(名詞)(2)TheystudyinNo.1MiddleSchool.(代詞)(3)Fiveplusfiveisten.(數(shù)詞)(4)Doingexercisesisapleasurewhilemakingoneishardwork.(動(dòng)名詞)(5)Tostudyismyjob.(不定式)（二）謂語說明或描述主語的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)或特征，由動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語充當(dāng)，位于主語之后。(1)HestudiesEnglishveryhard.(實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)(2)Collectingstampsismyhobby.(系動(dòng)詞)(3)Thegirllooksbeautifulinthenewdress.(半系動(dòng)詞)(4)Isawtheflagonthetopofthehill.(感官動(dòng)詞)(5)Wehavefinishedreadingthistaskontime.(助動(dòng)詞＋實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)(6)ThelittleboycanspeakEnglishfluently.(情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)(7)Helookedfortwovividstories.(動(dòng)詞短語)（三）表語表示主語的身份、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征，一般由名詞、形容詞或相當(dāng)于名詞、形容詞的詞、短語或句子充當(dāng)，位于連系動(dòng)詞之后，與連系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成句子的謂語。(1)It’seasytolearnEnglishwell.(形容詞)(2)Heturnedteacherafterschool.(名詞)(3)Heisstillatwork.(介詞短語)(4)Mywishistobecomeateacher.(不定式短語)（四）賓語指動(dòng)作所涉及的人或事物，一般由名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞組或句子充當(dāng)，位于動(dòng)詞或者介詞之后。(1)Mydaughterisplayingthepianoatonce.(名詞)(2)Whydoyoufollowthem?(代詞)(3)WeareproudofbeingChinese.(動(dòng)名詞)(4)Hewantedtoleaveherenow.(不定式)(5)Oursuccessdependsonhowwellwecancooperatewithoneanother.(從句)(6)Showmethisway，please.(me作間接賓語；thisway作直接賓語)（五）賓語補(bǔ)足語用來對(duì)賓語進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充和說明，一般由名詞、非謂語動(dòng)詞、形容詞等充當(dāng)。(1)Ifindhereasytogetalongwellwith.(形容詞作賓語補(bǔ)語)(2)Pleasekeepthedogout.(副詞作賓語補(bǔ)語)(3)Wemadehimmonitorofourclass.(名詞作賓語補(bǔ)語)(4)Makeyourselfathome.(介詞短語作賓語補(bǔ)語)(5)Thedoctoradvisedthepatientstogiveupsmoking.(不定式短語作賓語補(bǔ)語)(6)Theycaughttheboycopyingintheexam.(現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)語)(7)Hegothislegbrokenwhileplayingfootball.(過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)語)（六）定語對(duì)名詞或代詞進(jìn)行修飾、限制或說明，一般由形容詞、名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語、非謂語動(dòng)詞及句子等充當(dāng)，位置可在所修飾的詞之前，也可在所修飾的詞之后。(1)Herearetworedapples.(數(shù)詞＋形容詞)(2)Helikestomatoandeggnoodles.(名詞)(3)ThegirlinredisLiLei'ssister.(介詞短語)(4)Thegirlplayingthepianoismyyoungersister.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語)(5)Whatdoyouthinkofthebookboughtfromthebookstore?(過去分詞短語)(6)Hewasthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.(不定式)(7)Theladywhoiswearingareddressisournewteacher.(定語從句)（七）狀語用于修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、短語或整個(gè)句子等，一般由副詞、介詞短語、非謂語動(dòng)詞短語或句子充當(dāng)。Tired,hewenttobedimmediately.(形容詞)形容詞作狀語一般位于句首或者句末,用來表示主語或賓語的特征或狀態(tài)。(2)Herunsveryfast.(副詞)(3)Withouthishelp，wecouldn'tfinishthetaskaheadoftime.(介詞短語)(4)Hestoppedtomakeattempts.(不定式短語)(5)Seeingnobodyin，Ilockedthedoorandleft.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語)(6)Borninthisbeautifultown，hewantstoworkhere.(過去分詞短語)(7)Hedoesn'tlikesoapoperasbecausetheyareboring.(狀語從句)（八）同位語若兩個(gè)語法單位指同一個(gè)人或事物，并且，句法功能也一樣，那么，后一項(xiàng)稱為前一項(xiàng)的同位語。(1)Beijing，thecapitalofChina，isinthenorthofChina.(名詞)(2)Areyouthreereadytostart?(數(shù)詞)(3)Thenewsthathewonthematchisveryencouraging.(從句)Therecan'tbeanymistakeinhispassage.他的文章不可能有任何錯(cuò)誤?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn)二八種基本句型（一）.SV句式:主語+謂語(不及物動(dòng)詞)此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn)，即句子的謂語動(dòng)詞都能表達(dá)完整的意思，這類動(dòng)詞叫作不及物動(dòng)詞，其后可以跟副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等。Timeflies.時(shí)間飛逝。Ineverstop.我永不停止。（二）.SVA句式:主語+謂語(不及物動(dòng)詞)+狀語ChrisandTimworkatazoo.克里斯和蒂姆在一家動(dòng)物園工作。Thisdevelopmentdidnottakeplaceovernight.這個(gè)發(fā)展不是一夜之間發(fā)生的。（三）.SVO句式:主語+謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)+賓語這種句型中的動(dòng)詞一般為及物動(dòng)詞，所謂及物動(dòng)詞，就是這種動(dòng)詞后可以直接接賓語。Thiscanaffectyourwork.這會(huì)影響你的工作。Littlechildrenshouldnotwearmasksforalongtime.嬰幼兒不應(yīng)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間戴口罩。（四）.SVOA句式:主語+謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)+賓語+狀語AndrewMazolenyisfinishinghislunchatthebar.安德魯·馬佐萊尼正在酒吧吃午飯。Weplantedalotoftreesonthefarmyesterday.我們昨天在農(nóng)場(chǎng)栽了很多樹。（五）.SVOO句式:主語+謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)+間接賓語+直接賓語在這種句型中，直接賓語由表示“物”的名詞來充當(dāng)；間接賓語由指“人”的名詞或代詞承擔(dān)。引導(dǎo)這類雙賓語的常見動(dòng)詞有buy，pass，lend，give，tell，teach，show，bring，send等。Iwilltellyousomedetails.我將告訴你一些細(xì)節(jié)。Itgivesusagreatfeelingofpeace.它給我們一種非常平靜的感覺。【名師點(diǎn)津】常見的接雙賓語的及物動(dòng)詞(1)give,tell,teach,write,bring,lend,hand,show,offer,send等后的間接賓語可轉(zhuǎn)換為介詞to的賓語。(2)buy,do,get,fetch,save,make,sing,choose等后的間接賓語可轉(zhuǎn)換為介詞for的賓語。(3)ask,answer,take,cost等無法改變結(jié)構(gòu)形式。Thiscarcostme2,000yuanfortherepair.這次修車花了我兩千元。（六）.SVOC句式:主語+謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語此句型中的“賓語＋補(bǔ)語”稱為“復(fù)合賓語”。Youcanmakeabroomstanduprighttoday.你今天可以讓掃把立起來。Asahighschoolstudent,IconsiderEnglishaveryimportantsubject.作為一名高中生,我認(rèn)為英語是一門非常重要的科目。（七）.SVP句式:主語+連系動(dòng)詞+表語此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同的特點(diǎn)：句子謂語動(dòng)詞都不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思，必須加上一個(gè)表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的表語構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語，才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類動(dòng)詞叫作(連)系動(dòng)詞。系動(dòng)詞分兩類：（1）．表示狀態(tài)。這類系動(dòng)詞有be，look，seem，smell，taste，sound，keep等。如：Weareallstudents.我們都是學(xué)生。Thiskindoffoodtastesdelicious.這種食物嘗起來很可口。（2）．表示變化。這類系動(dòng)詞有become，turn，get，grow，go等。如：Allmyhairturnsgrey.我的頭發(fā)全都變灰色。Thetreehasgrownmuchtallerthanbefore.這棵樹長(zhǎng)得比以前高多了。注意：be本身沒有什么意義，只起連接主語和表語的作用。其他系動(dòng)詞仍保持其部分詞義。（八）.Therebe句型Therebe句型表示“什么地方或什么時(shí)間存在什么事物”。there是引導(dǎo)詞，be后面的名詞是主語，句子的結(jié)尾是時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)狀語。【溫馨提示】(1)．Therebe句型中的主謂一致原則當(dāng)主語是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的名詞或短語并列時(shí)，be的形式與之靠近的一個(gè)名詞或短語保持一致。(2)．Therebe句型中常用的動(dòng)詞Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語動(dòng)詞be有時(shí)可以用seemtobe，happentobe，islikelytobe或半系動(dòng)詞remain，stand，lie，go，exist，follow，live，come，occur等替換。(3)．Therebe句型中動(dòng)詞的形式Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)有不同的時(shí)態(tài)的形式，而且可以和各種助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用?？键c(diǎn)一句子成分1．NowthatJennifercouldn’tattendthemeeting,______herplace?A．whodoyousuggestthattake B．whodoyousuggesttakeC．whomdoyousuggestshouldtake D．whoyousuggestthattakes2．OnSaturdayafternoon,Mrs.Greenwenttothemarket,________someapplesandvisitedhercousin.A．bought B．buying C．tobuy D．havingbought考點(diǎn)二基本句型1．Studyingthehistoryofthecountrywillmakeyourvisitmoreenjoyable.A．主謂賓賓補(bǔ)B．主系表狀C．主謂賓狀D．狀主謂賓2．TheunitedKingdomhasalongandinterestinghistorytoexplore,whichcanhelpyouunderstandmuchmoreaboutthecountryanditstraditions.A．主謂賓狀從B．主系表定從C．主謂賓定從D．主系表狀從難點(diǎn)一賓語補(bǔ)足語1．Thechangewon’tmakeyoudisappointed.(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行句子成分劃分)A．謂語 B．主語 C．賓補(bǔ) D．直接賓語2．Atage50,shefoundherselfoutofworkandstuckathomewithonlyhercomputertokeephercompany.畫橫線的部分在句子中作什么成分?A．賓語 B．賓補(bǔ) C．狀語 D．定語難點(diǎn)二定語3．（24-25高一上·廣東珠海·階段練習(xí)）OurEnglishteacherrecommendedusareferencebookwhosecontentwasdetailedandwell-organized.請(qǐng)判斷劃線部分的句子成分：________A．object(賓語) B．a(chǎn)ttributive(定語) C．a(chǎn)dverbial(狀語) D．complement(補(bǔ)語)4．指出句子“Ilikethebookwhichhasmanypictures.”中修飾“book”的定語是什么。5．請(qǐng)找出句子“ThestudentsfromClassTwoareveryactive.”中修飾“students”的定語是什么。提升專練單項(xiàng)選擇1．NowthatJennifercouldn’tattendthemeeting,______herplace?A．whodoyousuggestthattake B．whodoyousuggesttakeC．whomdoyousuggestshouldtake D．whoyousuggestthattakes2．OnSaturdayafternoon,Mrs.Greenwenttothemarket,________someapplesandvisitedhercousin.A．bought B．buying C．tobuy D．havingbought3．Inthefollowingsentence,“Thinkingaboutotherpeople’ssituationsinspiredmetoofferhelp.”what’sthesubject?A．situationsB．otherpeople’ssituationsC．Thinkingaboutotherpeople’ssituationsD．Thinkingabout4．“Ireland’sbeautifulcountrysidehasalwayshadagreatinfluenceonitspeopleandtraditions.”其中這個(gè)句子的謂語是什么?A．has B．hadC．hadagreatinfluenceon D．hashad5．Whichpartisobjectcomplement(賓語補(bǔ)足語)ofthesentencebelow?“Ifoundhercryinginthegarden.”A．found B．her C．crying D．inthegarden6．OurEnglishteacherrecommendedusareferencebookwhosecontentwasdetailedandwell-organized.請(qǐng)判斷劃線部分的句子成分：________A．object(賓語) B．a(chǎn)ttributive(定語) C．a(chǎn)dverbial(狀語) D．complement(補(bǔ)語)7．XieLeiisstudyingforabusinessqualificationatauniversityinChinaandhascometoouruniversityonayear-longexchangeprogramme.本句中atauniversityinChina做什么句子成分?A．定語 B．賓語 C．狀語 D．主語8．短語“slowlyandsteadily”在句子中一般充當(dāng)________A．主語 B．賓語 C．狀語 D．表語9．What’sthesubjectcomplementinthesentence“Thedoorwaspaintedwhite.”?A．Thedoor B．waspaintedC．white D．Noneofthem10．Inthesentence“Wemadetheroomclean.”,thecomplementis_____.A．We B．madeC．theroom D．clean11．What’stheobjectinthesentence“Ilovemusic.”?A．I. B．love.C．music. D．Noneofthem.12．Inthesentence“Lilyreadsbookseveryday.”,thesubjectis_____.A．Lily B．readsC．books D．everyday13．“Walkinginthepark,aflowercaughtmyeye.”Thissentenceiswrongbecausethelogicalsubjectof“Walkinginthepark”isnotthesameasthesubjectofthesentence.Thecorrectsubjectof“Walkinginthepark”shouldbe______.A．a(chǎn)nyone B．a(chǎn)flower C．thepark D．I14．“Thestoryisexciting.”Inthissentence,“exciting”isapresentparticipleusedas______.A．a(chǎn)nattributive B．a(chǎn)predicative C．a(chǎn)nadverbial D．a(chǎn)nobjectcomplement15．Now,walkingalongthebluestonestreetsthere,visitorscanappreciatethedistinctiveHuizhou-stylehousesfeaturingwhitewalls,darktiles(瓦片)andlayeredhorse-headroofs,and_______theyareimmersedinatraditionalChineseinkpainting.A．feellike B．feltlike C．tofeellike D．feelinglike16．Theschooladviserhelpedmechoosetheappropriateones.下劃線部分是成分.A．狀語 B．表語 C．間接賓語 D．賓語補(bǔ)足語17．Theorganizersplantoimprovetherobotsandopenthecafeoftentosupportjobcreationforpeoplewithdisabilities.劃線部分在句中充當(dāng)________A．賓語 B．表語 C．狀語 D．賓語補(bǔ)足語18．Throughtheseactivitiesweteachstudentsabouttheimportanceofcivicengagementandwemakeitfunforstudentstobeinvolvedinbetteringtheircommunities.劃線部分在句中充當(dāng)________A．賓語 B．表語 C．狀語 D．賓語補(bǔ)足語19．Whichpartispredicate(表語)ofthesentencebelow?“Thoughwehaveknowneachotherformanyyears,hestillseemsastrangertome.”A．haveknown B．eachother C．formanyyears D．a(chǎn)strangertome20．Whatkindofphraseistheunderlinedpartofthesentence“Eagertoimprovefarmingconditions,theytriedoutthisnewcroponalargearea.”?A．Adjectivephrase. B．Adverbphrase. C．Nounphrase. D．Verbphrase.21．Whitacre’snexteffortwastheVirtualYouthChoirforUNICEF,whichwasfirstseenonstageon23July2014intheUK.A．主謂賓狀從B．主系表狀從C．主謂賓定從D．主系表定從22．Hernextgoalistostartacharitywebsitetoraisemoneyforchildreninpoorcountries.A．主謂賓妝B．主系表狀C．主謂賓賓補(bǔ)D．狀主系表23．Thefirstgroup,theRomans,cameinthefirstcentury.A．主系表狀B．主謂賓賓補(bǔ)C．主謂賓狀D．主同位語謂狀24．Thesentencestructureof“Studyingthehistoryofthecountrywillmakeyourvisitmuchmoreenjoyable.”is_______.A．SVO B．SVP C．SVIODO D．SVOOC25．Thebossofferedmeajob.（判斷句子結(jié)構(gòu)）A．SP（主語＋系表結(jié)構(gòu)） B．SVIODO（主語＋謂語動(dòng)詞＋間接賓語＋直接賓語）C．SVO(主語+謂語+賓語） D．SVOC（主語＋謂語動(dòng)詞＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語）26．Henoticedamanentertheroom.（判斷句子結(jié)構(gòu)）A．SP（主語＋系表結(jié)構(gòu)） B．SVOC（主語＋謂語動(dòng)詞＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語）C．SVA（主語＋謂語動(dòng)詞＋狀語） D．SVIODO（主語＋謂語動(dòng)詞＋間接賓語＋直接賓語）27．_______,sowehadtostayatschoolinsteadofgoingforanouting.A．Thedaybeingcold B．BeingacolddayC．Itwasacoldday D．Becausethecoldday28．Whichsentencehasadifferentsentencestructure(句子結(jié)構(gòu))fromtheotherthree?A．Hetoldmetokeepcalm.B．Isawherwaitingatthebusstop.C．Ihavesomequestionstoaskyou.D．Hehelpmehavethiswashingmachinerepaired.29．Whatisthemainstructureofthesentence“Theweatherhasturnedcold”?A．S+VP（主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語）B．S+V+O（主語+謂語動(dòng)詞+賓語）C．S+V+O+OC（主語+謂語動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓補(bǔ)）D．S+V+IO+DO（主語+謂語動(dòng)詞+直接賓語+間接賓語）30．________foralongtime,buthetriedhisbesttomakeupforwhathemissed.A．Beingill B．Hewasill C．Havingbeenill D．Tobeill31．Ifoundmostofmyclassmatesandteachersfriendlyandhelpful.______(分析句子成分)A．S+V+O B．S+V+DO+IO C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+C32．Thesentence“Hegavehissisteratoy.”belongstothestructureof_____.A．Subject+Predicate+ObjectB．Subject+LinkingVerb+PredicativeC．Subject+Predicate+IndirectObject+DirectObjectD．Subject+Predicate+Object+Complement33．Inthesentence“Theflowerlooksbeautiful.”,thepredicativeis_____.A．Theflower B．looksC．beautiful D．Noneofthem34．WhichofthefollowingsentencesbelongstotheSubject+Predicatestructure?A．Heisagoodboy. B．Birdsfly.C．Shelikesapples. D．Mymotherboughtmeadress.35．Inthesentence“Lilyreadsbookseveryday.”,thesubjectis_____.A．Lily B．readsC．books D．everyday36．Whichofthesesentenceshasadifferentsentencestructurecomparedtotheothers?A．Hetoldusafunnystory.B．Ericaskedmetohelphim.C．Computersaremakingourlifeeasier.D．Wefounditdifficulttopersuadehimtochangehismind.37．Whichoneofthefollowingsentencesusesthesentencestructureof“主+謂+賓+狀”?A．Ifinditimpossibletofinishthetaskintime.B．Theyaretalkingaboutthefilmatthemeeting.C．WehaverealizedtheimportanceofEnglish.D．Iwilltellmyfriendsthisexcitingnews.38．“IdrankacupofcoffeebeforeIleftforschoolthismorning.”該句所屬句子基本類型“________”。A．主語+謂語+賓語+狀語 B．主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語C．主語+謂語+直接賓語+間接賓語 D．主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語39．句子成分分析正確的一項(xiàng)是：（

）HeboughtmesomeinterestingEnglishnovels.A．S＋V＋O+A B．S＋V＋DO+IO C．S＋V＋I(xiàn)O+DO D．S+V+O+C40．分析句子“Ifindthemoviereallyinteresting.”的句子成分和結(jié)構(gòu)。41.分析句子成分，選擇正確的句子結(jié)構(gòu)選項(xiàng)A．SVA