2025成人高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試專升本《英語(yǔ)》試題及答案解析第一部分：語(yǔ)音知識(shí)（共5小題；每題1分，共5分）從每小題的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，找出其劃線部分與所給單詞的劃線部分讀音相同的選項(xiàng)。1.exampleA.exchangeB.excellentC.existD.extra答案：C解析：example中字母組合ex發(fā)音為/?ɡz/。A選項(xiàng)exchange中ex發(fā)音為/?ks/；B選項(xiàng)excellent中ex發(fā)音為/eks/；C選項(xiàng)exist中ex發(fā)音為/?ɡz/，與example相同；D選項(xiàng)extra中ex發(fā)音為/eks/。所以答案是C。2.thoroughA.thoughB.throughC.althoughD.weather答案：B解析：thorough中字母組合th發(fā)音為/θ/。A選項(xiàng)though中th發(fā)音為/e/；B選項(xiàng)through中th發(fā)音為/θ/，與thorough相同；C選項(xiàng)although中th發(fā)音為/e/；D選項(xiàng)weather中th發(fā)音為/e/。所以答案是B。3.machineA.headacheB.chemistryC.schoolD.special答案：D解析：machine中字母組合ch發(fā)音為/?/。A選項(xiàng)headache中ch發(fā)音為/k/；B選項(xiàng)chemistry中ch發(fā)音為/k/；C選項(xiàng)school中ch發(fā)音為/k/；D選項(xiàng)special中字母組合sp后的c發(fā)音為/?/，與machine中ch發(fā)音相同。所以答案是D。4.doubtA.climbB.absentC.bombD.debt答案：B解析：doubt中字母b不發(fā)音。A選項(xiàng)climb中字母b不發(fā)音；B選項(xiàng)absent中字母b發(fā)音為/b/；C選項(xiàng)bomb中字母b不發(fā)音；D選項(xiàng)debt中字母b不發(fā)音。本題要求找出與doubt中字母發(fā)音情況不同的，所以答案是B。5.stayedA.passedB.workedC.refusedD.watched答案：C解析：stayed中字母組合ed發(fā)音為/d/。A選項(xiàng)passed中ed發(fā)音為/t/；B選項(xiàng)worked中ed發(fā)音為/t/；C選項(xiàng)refused中ed發(fā)音為/d/，與stayed相同；D選項(xiàng)watched中ed發(fā)音為/t/。所以答案是C。第二部分：詞匯與語(yǔ)法知識(shí)（共15小題；每題1分，共15分）從每小題的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出能填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。6.—Howwasyourweekend?—Great!Itwasmygrandfather's______birthday.Weenjoyedourselves.A.seventyB.seventiethC.theseventiethD.seventeenth答案：B解析：表示某人多少歲生日要用序數(shù)詞，前面有名詞所有格grandfather's修飾時(shí)，不用定冠詞the。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知是爺爺?shù)牡谄呤畟€(gè)生日，seventeenth是第十七，不符合題意。所以答案是B。7.Thenumberofthestudentsinourschool______about3,000.Andanumberofthem______fromthecountryside.A.is;areB.are;isC.is;isD.are;are答案：A解析：“thenumberof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”表示“……的數(shù)量”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；“anumberof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”表示“許多……”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。所以第一個(gè)空用is，第二個(gè)空用are，答案是A。8.—Couldyoutellme______?—BysearchingtheInternet.A.howyougottheinformationB.whyyougottheinformationC.howdidyougettheinformationD.whydidyougettheinformation答案：A解析：賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序，C、D選項(xiàng)是疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序，可排除。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)“BysearchingtheInternet”可知，問(wèn)句是詢問(wèn)獲取信息的方式，用how引導(dǎo)。所以答案是A。9.I'mverytired.I______onthefarmallday.A.workB.haveworkedC.havebeenworkingD.wasworking答案：C解析：根據(jù)“I'mverytired”可知，“工作”這個(gè)動(dòng)作從過(guò)去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且還可能繼續(xù)下去，要用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)是“have/hasbeen+現(xiàn)在分詞”。所以答案是C。10.Thebookisvery______andI'm______init.A.interesting;interestedB.interested;interestingC.interesting;interestingD.interested;interested答案：A解析：interesting常用來(lái)修飾物，表示“有趣的”；interested常用來(lái)修飾人，表示“感興趣的”。第一個(gè)空修飾book，用interesting；第二個(gè)空修飾I，用interested。所以答案是A。11.He______thePartysince1989.A.joinedB.hasjoinedC.hasbeeninD.wasin答案：C解析：根據(jù)since1989可知，句子要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，A、D選項(xiàng)可排除。join是短暫性動(dòng)詞，不能和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，要換成表示狀態(tài)的bein。所以答案是C。12.—MustIfinishtheworktoday?—No,you______.Youcandoittomorrow.A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.can'tD.shouldn't答案：B解析：以must開(kāi)頭的一般疑問(wèn)句，否定回答常用needn't或don'thaveto，表示“不必”。mustn't表示“禁止”；can't表示“不能”；shouldn't表示“不應(yīng)該”。所以答案是B。13.It'stimeforclass.Pleasestop______.A.totalkB.talkingC.talkD.talked答案：B解析：stoptodosth.表示“停下來(lái)去做另一件事”；stopdoingsth.表示“停止正在做的事”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境“上課時(shí)間到了”可知，是要停止說(shuō)話，用stoptalking。所以答案是B。14.Theboyissoyoungthathecan't______himself.A.wearB.putonC.dressD.haveon答案：C解析：wear強(qiáng)調(diào)穿著的狀態(tài)；puton強(qiáng)調(diào)穿的動(dòng)作；dress既可以表示給別人穿衣服，也可以表示給自己穿衣服，常用結(jié)構(gòu)是dressoneself；haveon強(qiáng)調(diào)穿著的狀態(tài)，一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。本題說(shuō)男孩太小不能自己穿衣服，用dressoneself合適。所以答案是C。15.—______isyourfather?—Heisadoctor.A.WhatB.WhoC.WhichD.Where答案：A解析：根據(jù)答語(yǔ)“Heisadoctor”可知，問(wèn)句是詢問(wèn)職業(yè)，用what提問(wèn)。who詢問(wèn)人；which表示“哪一個(gè)”；where詢問(wèn)地點(diǎn)。所以答案是A。16.Theharderyoustudy,______resultsyouwillget.A.betterB.thebetterC.thebestD.best答案：B解析：“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”表示“越……，就越……”。本題表示“你學(xué)習(xí)越努力，你就會(huì)取得越好的成績(jī)”，用thebetter。所以答案是B。17.Theroom______everyday.A.shouldcleanB.shouldbecleanedC.shouldcleanedD.shouldbecleaning答案：B解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，房間是被打掃的，要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)是“be+過(guò)去分詞”。should是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后接動(dòng)詞原形，所以用shouldbecleaned。所以答案是B。18.Thereis______“u”and______“s”intheword“use”.A.a;anB.an;aC.a;aD.an;an答案：A解析：字母u的發(fā)音是以輔音音素開(kāi)頭的，前面用不定冠詞a；字母s的發(fā)音是以元音音素開(kāi)頭的，前面用不定冠詞an。所以答案是A。19.I'llgototheparkifit______tomorrow.A.won'trainB.doesn'trainC.isn'trainingD.didn'train答案：B解析：在if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”的原則，即主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。從句主語(yǔ)it是第三人稱單數(shù)，否定形式用doesn't+動(dòng)詞原形。所以答案是B。20.Sheaskedme______.A.whatwasIdoingB.whatIwasdoingC.whatIamdoingD.whatamIdoing答案：B解析：賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序，A、D選項(xiàng)是疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序，可排除。主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句也要用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，C選項(xiàng)是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，不符合要求，要用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。所以答案是B。第三部分：完形填空（共15小題；每題2分，共30分）閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從每小題的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Oneday,apoorboywhowastryingtopayhiswaythroughschoolbysellinggoodsdoortodoorfoundthatheonlyhadonedimeleft.Hewashungrysohedecidedto__21__foramealatthenexthouse.However,helosthisnerve__22__alovelyyoungwomanopenedthedoor.Insteadofamealheaskedforadrinkofwater.Shethoughthelooked__23__soshebroughthimalargeglassofmilk.Hedrankit__24__,andthenasked,“HowmuchdoIoweyou?”“Youdon'towemeanything,”she__25__.“Motherhastaughtmenevertoacceptpayfora__26__.”Hesaid,“ThenIthankyoufromthebottomofmyheart.”AsHowardKellyleftthathouse,henotonlyfeltstronger__27__,butitalsoincreasedhisfaithinGodandhumanrace.Hewasabouttogiveupandquitbeforethispoint.Yearslatertheyoungwomanbecamecriticallyill.Thelocaldoctorswerebaffled.Theyfinallysenthertothebigcity,wherespecialistscanbecalled__28__tostudyherraredisease.Dr.HowardKelly,now__29__,wascalledinfortheconsultation.Whenheheardthenameofthetownshecamefrom,astrangelight__30__hiseyes.Immediately,he__31__andwentdownthroughthehospitalhallintoherroom.__32__inhisdoctor'sgownhewentintoseeher.He__33__heratonce.Hewentbacktotheconsultationroomand__34__todohisbesttosaveherlife.Fromthatdayon,hegavespecialattentiontohercase.Afteralongstruggle,thebattlewaswon.Dr.Kelly__35__thebusinessofficetopassthefinalbilltohimforapproval.Helookedatitandthenwrotesomethingontheside.Thebillwassenttoherroom.Shewasafraidtoopenitbecauseshewassurethatitwouldtaketherestofherlifetopayitoff.Finallyshelooked,andthenoteonthesideofthebillcaughtherattention.Shereadthesewords:“Paidinfullwithaglassofmilk.”(Signed)Dr.HowardKellyTearsofjoyfloodedhereyesassheprayedsilently:“ThankYou,God.Yourlovehasspreadthroughhumanheartsandhands.”21.A.callB.makeC.begD.prepare答案：C解析：根據(jù)前文“Hewashungry”以及后面“foramealatthenexthouse”可知，他因?yàn)轲I了所以決定到下一戶人家乞討一頓飯。begfor表示“乞討，請(qǐng)求”，符合語(yǔ)境。callfor意為“要求，需要”；makefor表示“走向，有助于”；preparefor表示“為……做準(zhǔn)備”。所以答案是C。22.A.whileB.whenC.thoughD.unless答案：B解析：這里表示當(dāng)一位可愛(ài)的年輕女士打開(kāi)門(mén)的時(shí)候，他失去了勇氣。when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，強(qiáng)調(diào)某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，符合題意。while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句的動(dòng)詞一般要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞；though表示“雖然”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；unless表示“除非”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。所以答案是B。23.A.thirstyB.lazyC.tiredD.hungry答案：D解析：根據(jù)前文“Hewashungry”以及女士給他拿了一大杯牛奶可知，她覺(jué)得他看起來(lái)很餓。thirsty意為“口渴的”；lazy表示“懶惰的”；tired表示“疲倦的”；hungry表示“饑餓的”。所以答案是D。24.A.slowlyB.unexpectedlyC.steadilyD.hurriedly答案：D解析：因?yàn)樗莛I，所以應(yīng)該是快速地喝完了牛奶。slowly意為“慢慢地”；unexpectedly表示“出乎意料地”；steadily表示“穩(wěn)定地”；hurriedly表示“匆忙地，快速地”。所以答案是D。25.A.announcedB.shookC.repliedD.doubted答案：C解析：前面男孩問(wèn)“我欠你多少錢”，這里女士是在回應(yīng)他。announce意為“宣布”；shake表示“搖晃”；reply表示“回答，回應(yīng)”；doubt表示“懷疑”。所以答案是C。26.A.rewardB.kindnessC.handD.value答案：B解析：女士的母親教她永遠(yuǎn)不要接受善意行為的報(bào)酬。reward意為“獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，報(bào)酬”；kindness表示“善良，善意”；hand表示“手”；value表示“價(jià)值”。這里女士給男孩牛奶是一種善意的行為，所以答案是B。27.A.physicallyB.mentallyC.normallyD.properly答案：A解析：喝了牛奶后，他不僅身體上感覺(jué)更有力量了。physically意為“身體上地”；mentally表示“精神上地”；normally表示“正常地”；properly表示“適當(dāng)?shù)亍?。所以答案是A。28.A.upB.forC.onD.in答案：D解析：callin表示“召集，召來(lái)”，這里指召集專家來(lái)研究她罕見(jiàn)的疾病。callup意為“打電話，召集”；callfor表示“要求，需要”；callon表示“拜訪，號(hào)召”。所以答案是D。29.A.richB.famousC.observantD.vivid答案：B解析：根據(jù)前文“specialistscanbecalledintostudyherraredisease”以及HowardKelly被叫來(lái)會(huì)診可知，他現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該是很有名的醫(yī)生了。rich意為“富有的”；famous表示“著名的”；observant表示“善于觀察的”；vivid表示“生動(dòng)的”。所以答案是B。30.A.fixedB.consultedC.filledD.concentrated答案：C解析：當(dāng)他聽(tīng)到她來(lái)自的那個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)的名字時(shí)，他的眼睛里閃現(xiàn)出異樣的光芒。fill表示“充滿”，astrangelightfilledhiseyes表示“他的眼睛里充滿了異樣的光芒”，符合語(yǔ)境。fix意為“修理，固定”；consult表示“咨詢，請(qǐng)教”；concentrate表示“集中”。所以答案是C。31.A.roseB.raisedC.gotD.lifted答案：A解析：他立刻站起來(lái)，然后穿過(guò)醫(yī)院大廳走進(jìn)她的房間。rise表示“起身，站起來(lái)”，是不及物動(dòng)詞；raise是及物動(dòng)詞，意為“舉起，提高”；get表示“得到，到達(dá)”；lift表示“舉起，抬起”。所以答案是A。32.A.WornB.HavingC.PuttingD.Dressed答案：D解析：bedressedin表示“穿著”，這里用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)Dressedinhisdoctor'sgown作狀語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明他的穿著狀態(tài)。wear強(qiáng)調(diào)穿著的狀態(tài)，但它是動(dòng)詞原形，不能直接作狀語(yǔ)；have表示“有”；puton強(qiáng)調(diào)穿的動(dòng)作。所以答案是D。33.A.recognizedB.knewC.sparedD.regained答案：A解析：他立刻認(rèn)出了她。recognize意為“認(rèn)出，識(shí)別”；know表示“知道，認(rèn)識(shí)”；spare表示“抽出，饒恕”；regain表示“重新獲得”。所以答案是A。34.A.desiredB.declaredC.determinedD.declined答案：C解析：他回到會(huì)診室，決定盡全力救她的命。determinetodosth.表示“決定做某事”，符合語(yǔ)境。desire意為“渴望，想要”；declare表示“宣布”；decline表示“拒絕，下降”。所以答案是C。35.A.orderedB.wantedC.confusedD.compelled答案：A解析：Kelly醫(yī)生命令業(yè)務(wù)辦公室把最終的賬單交給他審批。order表示“命令”，ordersb.todosth.是常見(jiàn)用法；want表示“想要”；confuse表示“使困惑”；compel表示“強(qiáng)迫”。所以答案是A。第四部分：閱讀理解（共20小題；每題3分，共60分）閱讀下列短文，然后根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從每小題的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳的一項(xiàng)。Passage1Inancienttimesthemostimportantexaminationswerespoken,notwritten.IntheschoolsofancientGreeceandRome,testingusuallyconsistedofsayingpoetryaloudorgivingspeeches.IntheEuropeanuniversitiesoftheMiddleAges,studentswhowereworkingforadvanceddegreeshadtodiscussquestionsintheirfieldofstudywithpeoplewhohadmadeaspecialstudyofthesubject.Thiscustomexiststodayaspartoftheprocessoftestingcandidatesforthedoctor'sdegree.Generally,however,modernexaminationsarewritten.Thewrittenexamination,whereallstudentsaretestedonthesamequestions,wasprobablynotknownuntilthenineteenthcentury.Perhapsitcameintoexistencewiththegreatincreaseinpopulationandthedevelopmentofmodernindustry.Aroomfullofcandidatesforastateexamination,timedexactlybyelectricclocksandcarefullywatchedoverbymanagers,resemblesagroupofworkersatanautomobilefactory.Certainly,duringexaminationsteachersandstudentsareexpectedtoactlikemachines.Onetypeoftestissometimescalledan“objective”test.Itisintendedtodealwithfacts,notpersonalopinions.Tomakeupanobjectivetesttheteacherwritesaseriesofquestions,eachofwhichhasonlyonecorrectanswer.Alongwitheachquestiontheteacherwritesthecorrectanswerandalsothreestatementsthatlooklikeanswerstostudentswhohavenotlearnedthematerialproperly.36.IntheMiddleAgesstudents______.A.tookobjectivetestsB.specializedinonesubjectC.weretimedbyelectricclocksD.seldomtookwrittenexams答案：D解析：根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，中世紀(jì)歐洲的大學(xué)中，攻讀高級(jí)學(xué)位的學(xué)生要和該領(lǐng)域的專家討論問(wèn)題，結(jié)合第一段提到古代考試多為口試，可推斷出中世紀(jì)學(xué)生很少參加筆試。A選項(xiàng)，文中未提及中世紀(jì)學(xué)生參加客觀測(cè)試；B選項(xiàng)，文中未提及學(xué)生專門(mén)研究一個(gè)科目；C選項(xiàng)，根據(jù)第三段可知用電鐘計(jì)時(shí)是現(xiàn)代考試的情況。所以答案是D。37.Themainideaofparagraph3isthat______.A.workersnowtakeexaminationsB.thepopulationhasgrownC.thereareonlywrittenexamstodayD.modernexamsarewrittenandtimed答案：D解析：第三段主要講述了現(xiàn)代考試通常是筆試，考試時(shí)有明確的時(shí)間限制，就像工廠里的工人一樣。A選項(xiàng)，文中只是將考試場(chǎng)景類比為工廠工人工作場(chǎng)景，并非說(shuō)工人現(xiàn)在參加考試；B選項(xiàng)，人口增長(zhǎng)只是現(xiàn)代筆試出現(xiàn)的一個(gè)可能原因，不是段落主旨；C選項(xiàng)，說(shuō)法太絕對(duì)，文中只是說(shuō)現(xiàn)代考試一般是筆試，但不意味著只有筆試。所以答案是D。38.Thekindofexamswherestudentsmustselectanswersare______.A.personalB.spokenC.objectiveD.written答案：C解析：根據(jù)第四段“Onetypeoftestissometimescalledan‘objective’test.Itisintendedtodealwithfacts,notpersonalopinions.Tomakeupanobjectivetesttheteacherwritesaseriesofquestions,eachofwhichhasonlyonecorrectanswer.”可知，客觀測(cè)試是學(xué)生要從一系列選項(xiàng)中選出正確答案的考試類型。所以答案是C。39.Modernindustrymusthavedeveloped______.A.beforetheMiddleAgesB.aroundthe19thcenturyC.inGreeceorRomeD.machinestotaketests答案：B解析：根據(jù)第三段“Thewrittenexamination,whereallstudentsaretestedonthesamequestions,wasprobablynotknownuntilthenineteenthcentury.Perhapsitcameintoexistencewiththegreatincreaseinpopulationandthedevelopmentofmodernindustry.”可知，筆試大約在19世紀(jì)出現(xiàn)，可能是隨著人口增長(zhǎng)和現(xiàn)代工業(yè)發(fā)展而產(chǎn)生的，由此可推斷現(xiàn)代工業(yè)大約在19世紀(jì)發(fā)展起來(lái)。所以答案是B。Passage2Thefirsttruepieceofsportsequipmentthatmaninventedwastheball.InancientEgypt,aseverywhere,pitchingstoneswasafavoritechildren'sgame.Butabadlythrownrockcouldhurtachild.Lookingforsomethinglessdangeroustothrow,theEgyptiansmadewhatwereprobablythefirstballs.Atfirst,ballsweremadeofgrassorleavesheldtogetherbyvines.Latertheyweremadeofpiecesofanimalskinsewedtogetherandstuffedwithfeathersorhay.EventhoughtheEgyptianswerewarlike,theyfoundtimeforpeacefulgames.Beforelongtheyhaddevelopedanumberofballgames,eachwithitsownsetofrules.Perhapstheyplayedballmoreforinstructionthanforfun.Ballplayingwasthoughtofmainlyasawaytoteachyoungmenthespeedandskilltheywouldneedforwar.40.Theballwasprobablyinventedbecause______.A.throwingstonesoftencausedinjuriesB.throwingstoneswasnotfunC.gameswithstonesdidnothaverulesD.rocksweretooheavytothrow答案：A解析：根據(jù)第二段“Butabadlythrownrockcouldhurtachild.Lookingforsomethinglessdangeroustothrow,theEgyptiansmadewhatwereprobablythefirstballs.”可知，扔石頭可能會(huì)傷害到孩子，為了尋找更安全的投擲物，埃及人發(fā)明了球。所以答案是A。41.Thefirstballswereprobablymadeof______.A.animalskinstuffedwithrocksB.twistsofhayC.hidesstuffedwithfeathersorhayD.grassandleavestiedtogether答案：D解析：根據(jù)第三段“Atfirst,ballsweremadeofgrassorleavesheldtogetherbyvines.”可知，最初的球是用草或樹(shù)葉用藤條綁在一起做成的。所以答案是D。42.ThispassagesaysthattheEgyptiansplayed______.A.manydifferentgameswithballsB.manydifferentkindsofgamesC.onlyoneballgameD.differentgameswithsimilarrules答案：A解析：根據(jù)第四段“Beforelongtheyhaddevelopedanumberofballgames,eachwithitsownsetofrules.”可知，埃及人開(kāi)發(fā)了許多不同的球類游戲，每種游戲都有自己的規(guī)則。所以答案是A。43.TheEgyptiansthoughtthatballplayingwas______.A.childishB.difficultC.notenjoyableD.worthwhile答案：D解析：根據(jù)第四段“Perhapstheyplayedballmoreforinstructionthanforfun.Ballplayingwasthoughtofmainlyasawaytoteachyoungmenthespeedandskilltheywouldneedforwar.”可知，埃及人認(rèn)為球類運(yùn)動(dòng)可以教導(dǎo)年輕人戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)所需的速度和技能，是有價(jià)值的。所以答案是D。Passage3Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofalargepopulationhavelongbeenasubjectofdiscussionamongeconomists.Ithasbeenarguedthatthesupplyofgoodlandislimited.Tofeedalargepopulation,inferiorlandmustbecultivatedandthegoodlandworkedintensively.Thus,eachpersonproduceslessandthismeansaloweraverageincomethancouldbeobtainedwithasmallerpopulation.Othereconomistshavearguedthatalargepopulationgivesmorescopeforspecializationandthedevelopmentoffacilitiessuchasports,roadsandrailways,whicharenotlikelytobebuiltunlessthereisabigdemandtojustifythem.Oneofthedifficultiesincarryingoutaworld-widebirthcontrolprogramliesinthefactthatofficialattitudestopopulationgrowthvaryfromcountrytocountrydependingonthelevelofindustrialdevelopmentandtheavailabilityoffoodandrawmaterials.Inthedevelopingcountrywhereavastlyexpandedpopulationispressingharduponthelimitsoffood,spaceandnaturalresources,itwillbethefirstconcernofgovernmenttoplacealimitonthebirthrate,whatevertheconsequencesmaybe.Inahighlyindustrializedsocietytheproblemmaybemorecomplex.Adecreasingpopulationmayleadtounemploymentbecauseitresultsinashrinkingmarketformanufacturedgoods.Whenthepressureofpopulationonhousingdecreases,pricesalsodecreaseandthebuildingindustryisweakened.Facedwithconsiderationssuchasthese,thegovernmentofadevelopedcountrymaywellprefertoseeaslowlyincreasingpopulation,ratherthanonethatisstableorindecline.44.Asmallpopulationmaymean______.A.higherproductivity,butaloweraverageincomeB.lowerproductivity,butahigheraverageincomeC.lowerproductivityandaloweraverageincomeD.higherproductivityandahigheraverageincome答案：D解析：根據(jù)第一段“Tofeedalargepopulation,inferiorlandmustbecultivatedandthegoodlandworkedintensively.Thus,eachpersonproduceslessandthismeansaloweraverageincomethancouldbeobtainedwithasmallerpopulation.”可知，人口多的時(shí)候，每個(gè)人的產(chǎn)出少，平均收入低，那么人口少的時(shí)候就意味著更高的生產(chǎn)力和更高的平均收入。所以答案是D。45.Accordingtothepassage,alargepopulationwillprovideachancefordeveloping______.A.agricultureB.transportsystemC.industryD.nationaleconomy答案：B解析：根據(jù)第一段“Othereconomistshavearguedthatalargepopulationgivesmorescopeforspecializationandthedevelopmentoffacilitiessuchasports,roadsandrailways,whicharenotlikelytobebuiltunlessthereisabigdemandtojustifythem.”可知，大量人口會(huì)為諸如港口、公路和鐵路等交通設(shè)施的發(fā)展提供機(jī)會(huì)。所以答案是B。46.Inadevelopedcountry,peoplewillperhapsgooutofworkifthepopulation______.A.goesupB.goesdownC.remainsstableD.islimited答案：B解析：根據(jù)第二段“Adecreasingpopulationmayleadtounemploymentbecauseitresultsinashrinkingmarketformanufacturedgoods.”可知，在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，人口減少可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致失業(yè)，因?yàn)檫@會(huì)導(dǎo)致制成品市場(chǎng)萎縮。所以答案是B。47.Thegovernmentofadevelopedcountrymayprefer______.A.astablepopulationB.afastincreasingpopulationC.aslowlygrowingpopulationD.aslowlydecliningpopulation答案：C解析：根據(jù)第二段“Facedwithconsiderationssuchasthese,thegovernmentofadevelopedcountrymaywellprefertoseeaslowlyincreasingpopulation,ratherthanonethatisstableorindecline.”可知，發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家政府可能更希望看到人口緩慢增長(zhǎng)。所以答案是C。Passage4Mostpeoplehavenoideaofthehardworkandworrythatgointothecollectingofthosefascinatingbirdsandanimalsthattheypaytoseeinthezoo.OneofthequestionsthatisalwaysaskedofmeishowIbecameananimalcollectorinthefirstplace.TheansweristhatIhavealwaysbeeninterestedinanimalsandzoos.Accordingtomyparents,thefirstwordIwasabletosaywithanyclaritywasnottheconventional“mamma”or“daddy”,buttheword“zoo”,whichIwouldrepeatoverandoveragainwithashrillvoiceuntilsomeone,inordertoshutmeup,wouldtakemetothezoo.WhenIgrewalittleolder,welivedinGreeceandIhadagreatmanypets,rangingfromowlstoseahorses,andIspentallmysparetimeexploringthecountrysideinsearchoffreshspecimenstoaddtomycollectionofpets.Lateron,Iwenttoauniversityandthenontoacareerabroad,workingforalargeoilcompany.However,IhaveneverforgottenmyoriginalinterestandIhavekeptcollectinganimalsinmysparetime.AlthoughIhadnointentionofbeingaprofessionalanimalcollector,IstartedtowriteaboutmytravelsandtheinterestingthingsIhaddone.Onethingledtoanother,andIgraduallyfoundmyselfwritingabookaboutthenaturalhistoryofthecountriesIhadvisited.48.Thewritersaidthatthefirstwordhewasabletosayclearlywas“zoo”because______.A.helovedanimalsandzoosB.hewasinterestedinconventionalwordsC.hecouldn'tsay“mamma”or“daddy”D.hisparentstaughthimtosay“zoo”答案：A解析：根據(jù)第一段“TheansweristhatIhavealwaysbeeninterestedinanimalsandzoos.Accordingtomyparents,thefirstwordIwasabletosaywithanyclaritywasnottheconventional‘mamma’or‘daddy’,buttheword‘zoo’”可知，作者能清晰說(shuō)出的第一個(gè)詞是“zoo”是因?yàn)樗恢睂?duì)動(dòng)物和動(dòng)物園感興趣。所以答案是A。49.Asaboy,thewriter______.A.hadmanypetsB.grewupinthecountrysideC.livedinGreeceD.collectedowlsandseahorsesinGreece答案：C解析：根據(jù)第一段“WhenIgrewalittleolder,welivedinGreeceandIhadagreatmanypets,rangingfromowlstoseahorses”可知，作者小時(shí)候住在希臘。A選項(xiàng)，文中說(shuō)有很多寵物，但沒(méi)強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量多；B選項(xiàng)，文中說(shuō)去鄉(xiāng)下尋找動(dòng)物標(biāo)本，并非在鄉(xiāng)下長(zhǎng)大；D選項(xiàng)，原文是有從貓頭鷹到海馬等各種寵物，并非專門(mén)收集貓頭鷹和海馬。所以答案是C。50.Thewritertraveledandworkedabroadbecause______.A.hewantedtofindabetterjobB.hewantedtocollectanimalsC.heworkedforanoilcompanyD.hewasinterestedintraveling答案：C解析：根據(jù)第一段“Lateron,Iwenttoauniversityandthenontoacareerabroad,workingforalargeoilcompany.”可知，作