高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1北京市石景山區(qū)2024-2025學年高二下學期期末考試英語試卷第一部分：知識運用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Tomsatinclass,staringattheblankspaceinhisnotebook.Hehadcompletelyforgottenaboutthemathhomework.Histeacher,Ms.Carter,walkedupanddowntherows,collectingassignments.Hisheart___1___asshenearedhisdesk.Whenshestoppedbesidehim,hehesitated.“I...Ileftitathome,”hesaid,hopingshewould___2___him.Ms.Carteratstaredhimforamomentbeforenodding.“___3___meafterclass,”shesaidsimply.Thenextfortyminutesdraggedby.Assoonasthebellrang,Tomslowlywalkedtotheteacher’sdesk,expectingascolding(批評).Instead,shelookedathim___4___.“Tom,you’vebeendoingwellinclass,butthisisn’tlikeyou.Whathappened?”sheasked.Tomhesitatedbeforeadmittingthe___5___.“Iforgotaboutit,”hesaid.“Iwasplayinggameslastnightandlosttrackofmyhomework.”Ms.Cartersighedbut___6___.“Honestyisimportant,”shesaid.“I’llletyouturnitintomorrow,butdon’tletthishappenagain.”___7___washedoverTomashenodded.“Thankyou,”hesaidsincerely.Ashelefttheroom,hemadeuphismindtobemore___8___inthefuture.Ms.Carter’sreactionhadtaughthimalesson—taking___9___wasmoreimportantthanmakingexcuses.Thatnight,Tomsetanalarmtoremindhimtocompletehiswork.Herealizedthatsome____10____couldmakeabigdifference.1.A.broke B.sank C.flew D.hurt2.A.believe B.correct C.note D.mind3.A.Ask B.Fellow C.Check D.See4.A.happily B.calmly C.seriously D.suddenly5.A.reply B.choice C.truth D.lesson6.A.scolded B.laughed C.nodded D.hesitated7.A.Effort B.Help C.Scare D.Relief8.A.reliable B.curious C.careful D.energetic9.A.homework B.action C.promise D.pressure10.A.rules B.stories C.changes D.excuses【答案】1.B2.A3.D4.B5.C6.C7.D8.A9.B10.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Tom忘做數(shù)學作業(yè)后向老師坦白，受啟發(fā)后決心改變的事?！?題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當她走近他的課桌時，他的心一沉。A.broke打破；B.sank下沉（常指心情沉重）；C.flew飛；D.hurt傷害。根據(jù)前文“Hehadcompletelyforgottenaboutthemathhomework.”以及“Ms.Carter,walkedupanddowntherows,collectingassignments”可知，Tom忘記做數(shù)學作業(yè)，老師正在收作業(yè)，他此時心情緊張沉重，故選B?！?題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“我……我把它忘在家里了，”他說，希望她會相信他。A.believe相信；B.correct糾正；C.note注意；D.mind介意。結合前文“Hehadcompletelyforgottenaboutthemathhomework”可知，Tom忘記做作業(yè)，找“我把它忘在家里了”這個借口，可知他希望老師能“相信”他這個說法，故選A?！?題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“下課后見我，”她簡單地說。A.Ask問；B.Fellow跟隨；C.Check檢查；D.See見。根據(jù)后文“Assoonasthebellrang,Tomslowlywalkedtotheteacher’sdesk”可知，老師讓Tom下課后去見她，故選D?！?題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，她平靜地看著他。A.happily高興地；B.calmly平靜地；C.seriously嚴肅地；D.suddenly突然地。根據(jù)后文老師詢問Tom情況以及“Honestyisimportant”等內容可知，老師并沒有生氣批評，而是平靜地和他交流，故選B?！?題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Tom猶豫了一下，然后承認了事實。A.reply回復；B.choice選擇；C.truth事實；D.lesson課。根據(jù)后文“Iforgotaboutit”可知，Tom承認了自己忘記做作業(yè)這個事實，故選C?！?題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Carter老師嘆了口氣，但點了點頭。A.scolded責罵；B.laughed笑；C.nodded點頭；D.hesitated猶豫。根據(jù)后文老師說的“I’llletyouturnitintomorrow,butdon’tletthishappenagain.”可知，老師沒有責罵Tom，而是點頭表示知道了，并給出了處理辦法，故選C。【7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Tom點頭時，如釋重負。A.Effort努力；B.Help幫助；C.Scare害怕；D.Relief寬慰，如釋重負。根據(jù)前文“Tomslowlywalkedtotheteacher’sdesk,expectingascolding(批評).”可知，Tom擔心被老師批評，而老師沒有嚴厲批評他，還允許他明天交作業(yè)，所以此時他應該是如釋重負，故選D?！?題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當他離開房間時，他下定決心以后要更可靠。A.reliable可靠的；B.curious好奇的；C.careful小心的；D.energetic精力充沛的。根據(jù)前文“Hehadcompletelyforgottenaboutthemathhomework.”Tom忘記做作業(yè)以及“Honestyisimportant”老師教導他要誠實等內容可知，他決定以后要做個可靠的人，按時完成作業(yè)，故選A?！?題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Carter老師的反應給了他一個教訓——采取行動比找借口更重要。A.homework作業(yè)；B.action行動；C.promise承諾；D.pressure壓力。根據(jù)前文Tom忘記做作業(yè)找借口以及老師讓他誠實等內容和“Ms.Carter’sreactionhadtaughthimalesson”可知，這里強調要采取行動完成任務，而不是找借口，故選B?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他意識到一些改變能帶來很大的不同。A.rules規(guī)則；B.stories故事；C.changes改變；D.excuses借口。根據(jù)前文“Thatnight,Tomsetanalarmtoremindhimtocompletehiswork.”可知，Tom做出了改變，設置鬧鐘提醒自己做作業(yè)，他意識到改變能帶來不同，故選C。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。Thetraditionofcollectingstampshasinterestedpeopleforgenerations.Earlystampsoftenshowed____11____(detail)picturesofhistoricalfigures,animals,ornationalsymbols.Astimepassed,stampdesignschanged,showingimportantevents,famousart,andevenmodernpopculture.Manypeopletakejoyincollecting____12____remindthemofdifferentplacesormomentsinhistory.Althoughsendinglettershasbecomemuch____13____(rare),stampsstillremainameaningfulwaytoconnectwiththeworld.【答案】11.detailed12.what13.rarer【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了集郵傳統(tǒng)及其發(fā)展，以及郵票對人們的意義。【11題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：早期的郵票常常展示歷史人物、動物或國家象征的詳細圖片。根據(jù)空后名詞pictures可知，空處需用形容詞作定語修飾名詞，detail的形容詞為detailed“詳細的”。故填detailed?！?2題詳析】考查賓語從句。句意：許多人樂于收集那些能讓他們想起歷史上不同地點或時刻的東西?？仗幮栌眠B接詞引導賓語從句，從句缺少主語，表示具體的內容，所以空處需用連接代詞what引導賓語從句。故填what。【13題詳析】考查形容詞比較級。句意：盡管寄信已經變得非常罕見了，但郵票仍然是與世界聯(lián)系的一種有意義的方式。結合句意和空前much可知，空處需用形容詞比較級rarer，表示“寄信比以前更罕見了”。故填rarer。B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。Lisahadalwayswantedtoadoptapet.Oneday,whilewalkinginapark,shesawasmallcathidingbehindatree.Thecatlookedweakandfrightened.____14____(feel)sorryforthecat,shecarefullypickeditupand____15____(take)ittoavet.Thevetcheckedthecatandsaiditjustneededfoodandasafeplacetostay.Lisasmiled,knowingshecould____16____(happy)provideahomeforhernewfurryfriend.【答案】14.Feeling15.took16.happily【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Lisa在公園發(fā)現(xiàn)一只虛弱小貓，帶它看獸醫(yī)并決定收養(yǎng)它的故事?！?4題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：她很同情這只貓，小心翼翼地把它抱起來，帶它去看獸醫(yī)。句子謂語動詞是pickedup，空格處需要非謂語動詞，動詞feel與其邏輯主語she之間是主動關系，所以空處需用現(xiàn)在分詞feeling作狀語，句首單詞首字母需大寫。故填Feeling?！?5題詳析】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：她很同情這只貓，小心翼翼地把它抱起來，帶它去看獸醫(yī)。根據(jù)空前“shecarefullypickeditup”可知，表示過去發(fā)生的事情，句子時態(tài)為一般過去時，and連接并列的謂語動詞，空處謂語動詞需用take的過去式took。故填took?！?6題詳析】考查副詞。句意：Lisa笑了，她知道自己可以為這位新毛茸茸的朋友幸福地提供一個家?？仗幮栌酶痹~作狀語修飾動詞provide，happy的副詞為happily“幸福地”。故填happily。C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。There____17____(be)significantprogressinspaceexplorationoverthepastfewdecades.ScientistsarenowfocusingonMarsmissions,withthegoalofsendinghumanstotheplanet____18____thenearfuture.Inrecentyears,rovershavebeencollectingdata,____19____helpsresearchersunderstanditsenvironment.Thediscoveriesarebasedonyearsofscientificresearchandtechnologicaladvancements.Expertsbelievespacetravelwillcontinuetoevolve,creatingopportunities____20____(explore)otherpartsoftheuniverse.【答案】17.hasbeen18.in19.which20.toexplore【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了過去幾十年太空探索取得的顯著進展，當前科學家對火星任務的關注及相關研究情況，還提到專家對太空旅行未來發(fā)展的看法。【17題詳析】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：在過去的幾十年里，太空探索取得了顯著的進展。根據(jù)時間狀語“overthepastfewdecades”可知，此處強調從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，應用現(xiàn)在完成時，其結構為“have/has+過去分詞”。主語“progress”是不可數(shù)名詞，所以用hasbeen。故填hasbeen?！?8題詳析】考查介詞。句意：科學家們現(xiàn)在專注于火星任務，目標是在不久的將來把人類送上火星?！癷nthenearfuture”為固定短語，意為“在不久的將來”，所以此處填in。故填in。【19題詳析】考查定語從句。句意：近年來，火星車一直在收集數(shù)據(jù)，這有助于研究人員了解火星的環(huán)境。此處為非限制性定語從句，先行詞為前面整個句子“rovershavebeencollectingdata”，關系詞在從句中作主語，所以用關系代詞which引導該定語從句。故填which。【20題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：專家們相信太空旅行將繼續(xù)發(fā)展，創(chuàng)造探索宇宙其他部分的機會。“createopportunitiestodosth.”為固定搭配，意為“創(chuàng)造做某事的機會”，所以用動詞不定式toexplore作后置定語，修飾“opportunities”。故填toexplore。第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ADoyouhaveapassionforwildlifeconservation?Ifso,theWorldWildlifeFund(WWF)offersanexcitinginternship(實習)programthatallowsyoutoworkonreal,meaningfulconservationprojectsaroundtheworld.It’sauniquechancetogainhands-onexperiencewhilecontributingtoenvironmentalprotectionefforts.Whocanapply?●Youmustbeatleast21yearsold.●Youmustbeenrolledinorhavecompletedauniversitydegreeinenvironmentalscience,biology,orarelatedfield.Studentsfromotherdisciplineswithrelevantexperiencemayalsobeconsidered.Whataretherequirements?●Youshouldhaveastronginterestinwildlifeconservationandbecommittedtosustainability.●YoumustbeproficientinEnglish;knowledgeofanadditionallanguageisaplus.●Youshouldhavebasicresearchanddataanalysisskills.●Youneedtobeabletoworkbothindependentlyandinateam.Goodcommunicationskillsareessential.Whatshouldyouprepare?Visa:Ensureyouhavetherequiredvisaforthecountrywhereyouwillintern.Travel:Youmustarrangeandpayforyourtravelexpenses.MedicalInsurance:Provideproofofhealthinsurancevalidfortheinternshipduration.ReferenceLetter:Aletterfromaprofessororemployer-explainingwhyyouaresuitablefortheinternship.Applicationsarereviewedonarollingbasis.Ifyouareselected,aWWFcoordinatorwillcontactyouwithinthreemonths.Ifyoudonotreceiveanyupdate,yourapplicationhasnotbeenaccepted.However,youarewelcometoapplyagaininthefuture.21.Accordingtothepassage,applicantsmust______.A.beabletospeaktwolanguages B.havepriorexperienceinresearchC.bestudyingorhavestudiedarelevantfield D.haveworkedinaconservationprojectbefore22.WhatdoestheWWFinternshipprogramoffertoapplicants?A.Travelexpenses. B.Internshipopportunities.C.Insurancefortheinternshipduration. D.AreferenceLetterfromaprofessororemployer.23.Whenwillapplicantsgetanupdate?A.Aftercollege. B.At21yearsold. C.Withinthreemonths. D.Afteraninterview.【答案】21.C22.B23.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了（世界自然基金會）WWF實習項目相關要求及申請事宜。【21題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whocanapply?部分中“Youmustbeenrolledinorhavecompletedauniversitydegreeinenvironmentalscience,biology,orarelatedfield.(你必須正在學習或已完成環(huán)境科學、生物學或相關領域的大學學位)”可知，申請人必須正在學習或已經學習過相關領域。故選C。【22題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Ifso,theWorldWildlifeFund(WWF)offersanexcitinginternship(實習)programthatallowsyoutoworkonreal,meaningfulconservationprojectsaroundtheworld.(如果是這樣，世界自然基金會（WWF）提供了一個令人興奮的實習項目，讓你能夠參與世界各地真實而有意義的保護項目)”可知，WWF實習項目為申請人提供實習機會。故選B?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Ifyouareselected,aWWFcoordinatorwillcontactyouwithinthreemonths.(如果你被選中，世界自然基金會協(xié)調員將在三個月內與你聯(lián)系)”可知，申請人將在三個月內得到更新信息。故選C。BFromayoungage,Ihaddreamedofbecomingaprofessionalmusician.Ispenthourspracticingtheviolin,imaginingmyselfperformingongrandstages.So,whenIauditioned(音試)forafamedmusicacademy,Ibelieveditwasmychancetotakeamajorsteptowardmygoal.Thedaytheresultswerereleased,Irushedtocheckmyemail.MyheartpoundedasIopenedthemessage.“Weappreciateyouraudition”and“Thecompetitionwasintense”werefollowedby“Unfortunately,weareunabletoofferyouaspot.”Istaredatthescreenindisbelief.Allmydedication,alltheyearsofeffort—hadtheybeenfornothing?Forweeks,Istruggledwithself-doubt.IquestionedwhetherIhadanytalentatall.EverytimeIpickedupmyviolin,Ifeltanoverwhelmingsenseoffailure.JustasIwasabouttogiveup,mymusicteachersatmedownforaconversation.Shetoldmethatrejectionwasnottheend,butratheraredirection.Sheencouragedmetojoinacommunityorchestra(樂隊),whereIcouldcontinuetodevelopmyskillsandplaymusicforthecompletejoyofit.Atfirst,Ihesitated.Ihadalwaysassociatedsuccesswithfirst-rateprogramsanddistinguishedtitles.Butaftersomethought,Idecidedtogiveitatry.Tomysurprise,playingintheorchestrareawakenedmypassion.Unlikethecompetitiveatmosphereofauditions,hereIplayedpurelyfortheloveofmusic.Imetmusiciansfromallwalksoflifeandevenhadthechancetoteachyoungerstudents.Ibegantoseethatfulfillmentwasn’tjustaboutfame—itwasaboutsharingmusicinameaningfulway.Later,whenIauditionedforanothermusicprogram,Istillfeltnervous.Butthistime,rejectionwouldn’tshakeme.Ihadlearnedthatmydreamwasn’taboutbeingacceptedintoonespecificschool—itwasaboutthejoyofmusicitself.Norejectioncouldtakethatawayfromme.24.Howdidtheauthorfeelbeforereadingtherejectionemail?A.Anxious. B.Angry. C.Surprised. D.Settled.25.Whatdidtheauthor’smusicteachersuggest?A.Tofindacareeroutsideofmusic. B.Toredirectandjustenjoythemusic.C.Topracticeharderforthenextaudition. D.Topursueanotherfamedmusicacademy.26.Whydidtheauthorenjoyplayingintheorchestra?A.Itofferedapathtofameandsuccess.B.Itwasrecommendedbyafamousmusician.C.Itwaslesscompetitiveandmoremeaningful.D.Itpresentedaneasieropportunityforauditioning.27.Whatlessondidtheauthorlearnfromthisexperience?A.Rejectionisasigntogiveup. B.Fameisthemotivationforaction.C.Passionmattersmorethanrecognition. D.Successcomesonlyfromtopinstitutions.【答案】24.A25.B26.C27.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者追求音樂夢想受挫后，在老師鼓勵下通過加入社區(qū)樂隊重燃熱情并領悟到音樂真諦的故事?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thedaytheresultswerereleased,Irushedtocheckmyemail.MyheartpoundedasIopenedthemessage.(公布結果的那天，我急忙查看郵件。當我打開郵件時，我的心怦怦直跳)”可知，作者在打開郵件前感到焦慮。故選A?！?5題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Shetoldmethatrejectionwasnottheend,butratheraredirection.Sheencouragedmetojoinacommunityorchestra(樂隊),whereIcouldcontinuetodevelopmyskillsandplaymusicforthecompletejoyofit.(她告訴我，被拒絕不是終點，而是重新定位。她鼓勵我加入社區(qū)管弦樂隊，在那里我可以繼續(xù)發(fā)展我的技能，純粹為了音樂的樂趣而演奏)”可知，老師建議作者調整方向并享受音樂。故選B?！?6題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Unlikethecompetitiveatmosphereofauditions,hereIplayedpurelyfortheloveofmusic.Imetmusiciansfromallwalksoflifeandevenhadthechancetoteachyoungerstudents.Ibegantoseethatfulfillmentwasn’tjustaboutfame—itwasaboutsharingmusicinameaningfulway.(與試鏡的競爭氛圍不同，在這里我純粹是為了熱愛音樂而演奏。我遇到了來自各行各業(yè)的音樂家，甚至有機會教年輕的學生。我開始意識到，成就感不僅僅來自名氣，還來自以有意義的方式分享音樂)”可知，作者喜歡在樂隊演奏是因為競爭較少且更有意義。故選C。【27題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Ihadlearnedthatmydreamwasn’taboutbeingacceptedintoonespecificschool—itwasaboutthejoyofmusicitself.Norejectioncouldtakethatawayfromme.(我明白了我的夢想不是被某一所特定的學校錄取，而是關于音樂本身的快樂。沒有什么拒絕能奪走這一點)”可知，作者領悟到熱情比認可更重要。故選C。CForcenturies,humanshavereliedonphysicalmapstonavigate(導航)theworld.However,withtheriseofdigitaltechnology,traditionalmapshavelargelybeenreplacedbyGPSsystemsandmappingapplications.Whilethesetoolsprovideconvenience,someresearchersarguethattheymaybeweakeningournaturalsenseofdirectionandspatialawareness.CognitivescientistDr.MarkReynoldshasstudiedtheimpactofGPSuseonthehumanbrain.Heexplains,“Whenpeoplerelyentirelyondigitalmaps,theyengagelesswiththeirsurroundings.Insteadofprocessinglandmarksanddistances,theysimplyfollowinstructions.”StudiessuggestthatthisoverrelianceonGPScanleadtoadeclineinmentalmappingabilities,makingpeoplelesscapableofnavigatingwithoutassistance.Thisissueextendsbeyondindividuals.SomeurbanplannershavenotedthatGPSsystemsinfluencehowcitiesdevelop.Withmorepeopledependingontechnologytofindthefastestroute,traditionalnavigationskills—suchasreadingroadsignsorrecognizingnaturallandmarks—arebecominglessimportantincityplanning.Someworrythatthiscouldmakeplaceshardertonavigatewithouttechnologyinthefuture.OneexampleoftheconsequencesofGPSdependencewasastudyconductedinabusyurbanarea.Participantswereaskedtofindspecificlocations,oncewithadigitalmapandoncewithapapermap.ThoseusingGPSreachedtheirdestinationsfaster,butwhenaskedtoretracetheirstepswithoutassistance,theystruggledmorethanthosewhohadusedtraditionalmaps.Thissuggeststhatwhiledigitalmapsimproveefficiencyintheshortterm,theymaynotsupportlong-termspatial(空間的)awareness.Anotherconcernisthatdigitalmapsmaycreateafalsesenseofsecurity.PeopletendtotrustGPSdirectionswithoutquestioningthem,sometimesleadingtodangeroussituations.TherehavebeencaseswheredriversfollowedGPSinstructionsontoclosedroadsorevenintobodiesofwater.Additionally,heavyrelianceontechnologycouldposerisksduringemergencieswhenGPSservicesfailduetonetworkissuesorbatterydischarge.Despitetheseconcerns,expertsbelievethatdigitalnavigationtoolscanbeusedwisely.Bycombiningtechnologywithactiveengagement—suchastakingnoteofsurroundingswhilefollowingGPSdirections—peoplecanmaintaintheirabilitytonavigateindependently.Insteadofreplacingtraditionalskills,technologyshouldbeusedtoenhancethem.28.WhydoestheauthorquoteDr.MarkReynolds?A.Todrawacomparison. B.Tointroduceatopic.C.Toevaluateastatement. D.Topresentanargument.29.WhatconcerndourbanplannershaveaboutGPSreliance?A.Itreducestheneedtodesignclearvisuallandmarks.B.Itmakescitieshardertocontrolduringemergencies.C.Itincreasespublicdemandforupdatedmaptechnology.D.Itaffectshowpeoplenoticeandremembertheirsurroundings.30.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?A.Digitalmapsmaketravelingmoredifficult.B.GPStechnologyisapotentialdangerfornavigation.C.Traditionalmapsshouldbereintroducedinmoderncities.D.Abalancebetweentechnologyandnaturalskillsisimportant.【答案】28.D29.A30.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要講述了隨著數(shù)字技術發(fā)展，GPS等工具便利但可能削弱人類方向感和空間意識，專家認為應平衡技術與自然技能?！?8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“CognitivescientistDr.MarkReynoldshasstudiedtheimpactofGPSuseonthehumanbrain.Heexplains,‘Whenpeoplerelyentirelyondigitalmaps,theyengagelesswiththeirsurroundings.Insteadofprocessinglandmarksanddistances,theysimplyfollowinstructions.’(認知科學家馬克·雷諾茲博士研究了使用GPS對人類大腦的影響。他解釋說：“當人們完全依賴數(shù)字地圖時，他們與周圍環(huán)境的互動就會減少。他們不再處理地標和距離，而是簡單地聽從指示?！?”可知，作者引用馬克·雷諾茲博士的話是為了提出關于過度依賴GPS的論點，從而展開討論。故選D。【29題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Withmorepeopledependingontechnologytofindthefastestroute,traditionalnavigationskills—suchasreadingroadsignsorrecognizingnaturallandmarks—arebecominglessimportantincityplanning.(隨著越來越多的人依賴技術來尋找最快的路線，傳統(tǒng)的導航技能——比如閱讀路標或識別自然地標——在城市規(guī)劃中變得越來越不重要)”可知，城市規(guī)劃者擔心依賴GPS會減少對清晰視覺地標的設計需求。故選A。【30題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Despitetheseconcerns,expertsbelievethatdigitalnavigationtoolscanbeusedwisely.Bycombiningtechnologywithactiveengagement—suchastakingnoteofsurroundingswhilefollowingGPSdirections—peoplecanmaintaintheirabilitytonavigateindependently.Insteadofreplacingtraditionalskills,technologyshouldbeusedtoenhancethem.(盡管存在這些擔憂，專家們認為數(shù)字導航工具可以被明智地使用。通過將技術與積極參與相結合——比如在遵循GPS指示的同時注意周圍環(huán)境——人們可以保持獨立導航的能力。技術應該用來增強傳統(tǒng)技能，而不是取代它們)”可知，作者意在告訴我們平衡技術與自然技能的重要性。故選D。DThroughouthistory,humanshavedreamedofcontrollingtheweather.Fromancientceremonies(儀式)tomodernscience,theideaofinfluencingrain,storms,andtemperaturehasfascinatedculturesacrosstheglobe.Today,withadvancementsinclimatescience,weathermodificationisnolongerjustafantasy—itisbecomingareality.Oneofthemostwell-knowntechniquesiscloudseeding,aprocesswheresmallparticles(粒子),suchassilveriodide(碘化銀),arereleasedintocloudstoencouragetheformationofraindrops.CountrieslikeChinaandtheUnitedStateshaveusedcloudseedingtoincreaserainfallindryregionsandreducetheimpactofdroughts.Duringthe2008BeijingOlympics,Chinafamouslyusedthistechniquetopreventrainfromdisturbingtheopeningceremony.Beyondincreasingrainfall,scientistsarealsoexploringwaystoweakenstorms.Someresearchersbelievethathurricanescouldbecontrolledbychangingoceantemperaturesorreleasingsubstancesintotheatmospheretolimittheirintensity.However,theseideasremainlargelyexperimental,aschangingonepartoftheclimatesystemcouldhaveunexpectedconsequenceselsewhere.Anotherapproachbeingstudiedisgeoengineering(地球工程學),whichinvolveslarge-scaleeffortstocontroltheEarth’sclimatetocounteractglobalwarming.OnedebatableideaistoreleasereflectiveparticlesintotheupperatmospheretoreducetheamountofsunlightreachingtheEarth’ssurface.Supportersarguethatthiscouldhelpcooltheplanet,butcriticswarnthatsuchactionsmightdisturbweatherpatternsinunpredictableways.Theabilitytomodify(調整)weathercomeswithethical(倫理的)andpoliticalchallenges.Ifonecountryincreasesitsrainfall,coulditunintentionallycausedroughtsinanotherregion?Couldweathermodificationbeusedasaweapon,affectingfoodproductionorwatersupplies?Theseconcernshaveledtointernationaldebatesontheregulationofweathercontroltechnologies.Somescientistsarguethatwhileweathermodificationholdspromise,itshouldonlybeusedunderstrictguidelinestoavoidunintendedenvironmentaldamage.Moreover,weathermodificationraisesadeeperquestion:shouldhumansgetinvolvedinnaturalsystemsonsuchalargescale?Climatechangeisalreadyamajorglobalchallenge,withhumanactivitiessignificantlyaffectingtemperaturepatternsandecosystems.Somecriticsworrythatusingtechnologytochangeweathercouldgivepeopleafalsesenseofcontrolovernature,leadingtoriskydecisions.Others,however,believethatwithcarefulresearchandethicalconsiderations,theseadvancementscouldhelpaddressthegrowingchallengesofclimatechangeandwatershortage.Despitethecontroversies,onethingisclear:thedesiretocontroltheweatherisnotgoingaway.Astechnologycontinuestodevelop,thelinebetweennaturalweatherpatternsandhumaninfluencewillbecomeincreasinglyblurred.Whetherthiswillleadtoasafer,morestableclimateorunintendedenvironmentalconsequencesremainstobeseen.Whilescientistsaremakingprogress,onlytimewilltellifweathermodificationwillbeausefultooloradangerousexperiment.31.Whatisoneconcernaboutweathermodification?A.Ithasnoprovenscientificbasis. B.Itrequiresexpensivetechnology.C.Itmakesweatherforecastingmoredifficult. D.Itcouldcreateunexpectedenvironmentalissues.32.Whatdoestheword“blurred”inthelastparagraphmostlikelymean?A.Confusing. B.Exciting. C.Disappointing. D.Encouraging.33.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Humanshavetheabilitytocontrolnature.B.Weathermodificationhasputintopractice.C.Geoengineeringiswidelyacceptedbyscientists.D.Cloudseedinghasreplacedtraditionalmethodsoffarming.34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowHumansControltheWeather B.WeatherModification:DreamorDisasterC.GeoengineeringandtheFutureofthePlanet D.CloudSeeding:AnEffectiveSolutiontoClimate【答案】31.D32.A33.B34.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了人類探索控制天氣的技術實踐，如人工增雨、削弱風暴和地球工程等，以及由此引發(fā)的倫理、環(huán)境爭議和未來挑戰(zhàn)?！?1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“However,theseideasremainlargelyexperimental,aschangingonepartoftheclimatesystemcouldhaveunexpectedconsequenceselsewhere.(然而，這些想法在很大程度上仍處于實驗階段，因為改變氣候系統(tǒng)的一部分可能在其他地方產生意想不到的后果)”以及第五段中“Theseconcernshaveledtointernationaldebatesontheregulationofweathercontroltechnologies.Somescientistsarguethatwhileweathermodificationholdspromise,itshouldonlybeusedunderstrictguidelinestoavoidunintendedenvironmentaldamage.(這些擔憂引發(fā)了國際上對天氣控制技術監(jiān)管的辯論。一些科學家認為，盡管天氣調整有希望取得成效，但它只能在嚴格的指導方針下使用，以避免意外的環(huán)境破壞)”可知，天氣調整可能引發(fā)意外環(huán)境問題。故選D?！?2題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Astechnologycontinuestodevelop,thelinebetweennaturalweatherpatternsandhumaninfluencewillbecomeincreasinglyblurred.(隨著技術的不斷發(fā)展，自然天氣模式和人類影響之間的界限將變得越來越blurred)”可知，隨著技術的發(fā)展，自然天氣模式和人類影響之間的界限變得不再清晰，變得“難以區(qū)分、令人困惑”（Confusing）。故選A?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“CountrieslikeChinaandtheUnitedStateshaveusedcloudseedingtoincreaserainfallindryregionsandreducetheimpactofdroughts.Duringthe2008BeijingOlympics,Chinafamouslyusedthistechniquetopreventrainfromdisturbingtheopeningceremony.(中國和美國等國家已經使用人工增雨技術來增加干旱地區(qū)的降雨量并減少干旱的影響。在2008年北京奧運會期間，中國著名地使用了這項技術來防止雨水干擾開幕式)”可知，天氣調整技術（如人工增雨）已投入實際應用。故選B。【34題詳析】主旨大意題。文章圍繞人工影響天氣展開，既介紹了其技術應用（如人工增雨、嘗試減弱風暴等），也詳細闡述了其引發(fā)的爭議（如可能帶來意想不到的環(huán)境后果、倫理和政治問題等），探討了這一技術究竟是有用的工具還是危險的實驗。B項“WeatherModification:DreamorDisaster(人工影響天氣：夢想還是災難)”能夠概括文章的核心內容，適合作為標題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Manypeopledreamofbecominggreatwriters,butwritingisnoteasy.Somebelievethatgreatwritersareborn,notmade.However,mostsuccessfulwritersagreethatlearningandeffortplayabiggerrolethantalent.Oneimportantstepinimprovingwritingisreadingalot.Goodwritersareoftengoodreaders.____35____Whenreadingdifferentstyles,writerscandiscovernewtechniquesandimprovetheirownwork.Books,newspapers,andevenonlinearticlescanoffervaluableinsightsintoeffectivewriting.Anotherusefulhabitiswritingeveryday.Writerswhopracticedailytendtodevelopanaturalflowintheirwriting.____36____Evenwritingshortparagraphsregularlycanmakeabigdifferenceovertime.Keepingajournal,writingletters,orcomposingshortstoriesaregoodwaystobuildconfidenceandimproveskills.____37____Manywriterssharetheirworkwithfriends,teachers,orwritinggroups.Theyareabletoprovideguidanceonenhancingthewriting.Whilecriticismcanbedifficulttoaccept,ithelpswritersrecognizetheirstrengthsandweaknesses.Constructivefeedbackcanguidethemtomakenecessarychangesandimprovetheirclarityandstyle.Editingandrewritingarenecessarypartsofwriting.____38____Goodwritersrevisetheirworkmultipletimestomakeitclearerandmoreeffective.Theyremoveunnecessarywords,fixgrammarmistakes,andrefinetheirideas.Thebestwritingisoftentheresultofcarefulrevisionandattentiontodetail.Writingwelltakestime,butwithregularpracticeandfeedback,anyonecanimprove.Thekeyistostaypatientandkeepwriting,evenwhenprogressfeelsslow.____39____A.Firstdraftsarerarelyperfect.B.Receivingfeedbackisalsoimportant.C.Dailywritingleadstolong-termimprovement.D.Dailywritingdoesn’trequirewritingalargeamount.E.Themoreeffortwritersputin,thebettertheybecome.F.Themosteffectivewaytoimproveistowritefrequentlyandextensively.G.Infact,readingenablespeopletobetterunderstandvariouswritingstyles.【答案】35.G36.D37.B38.A39.E【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了提升寫作能力的多種方法及關鍵要點。【35題詳析】上文“Goodwritersareoftengoodreaders.(好的作家往往也是好的讀者)”說明閱讀對寫作的重要性。空處應承接上文，進一步解釋閱讀與寫作的關系。G項“Infact,readingenablespeopletobetterunderstandvariouswritingstyles.(事實上，閱讀能讓人們更好地理解各種寫作風格)”中“reading”與前文呼應，“variouswritingstyles”也為后文“Whenreadingdifferentstyles...”做了鋪墊，符合順接關系。故選G。【36題詳析】上文“Writerswhopracticedailytendtodevelopanaturalflowintheirwriting.(每天練習的作家往往能在寫作中形成自然的流暢感)”強調了日常寫作的作用?？仗帒M一步說明日常寫作的特點。D項“Dailywritingdoesn’trequirewritingalargeamount.(日常寫作不需要寫大量內容)”與后文“Evenwritingshortparagraphsregularlycanmakeabigdifferenceovertime.(即使定期寫短段落，久而久之也能帶來很大變化)”相呼應，解釋了日常寫作的量無需過多，符合邏輯。故選D。【37題詳析】下文“Manywriterssharetheirworkwithfriends,teachers,