2025全國英語等級考試（PETS）二級試卷：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)開發(fā)英語閱讀考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、閱讀理解要求：仔細閱讀下面的短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。每篇短文后有5道題，每題有4個選項，請將正確答案的字母填在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置。1.Manypeopletodayareinterestedinsmarthomes.Theywanttheirhomestobemorecomfortable,safe,andenergy-efficient.Smarthometechnologyusessensors,internet-connecteddevices,andautomationtomakethispossible.Forexample,smartthermostatscanlearnyourscheduleandadjustthetemperatureaccordingly.Smartlockscanbecontrolledremotely,soyoucanlockorunlockyourdoorfromanywhere.Evenlightingcanbeautomated,turningonoroffbasedonyourpresenceorthetimeofday.Thebenefitsofasmarthomearenumerous.Notonlydotheysaveenergyandmoney,buttheyalsoprovidegreatersecurityandconvenience.However,somepeopleworryabouttheprivacyimplicationsofhavingsomanydevicesconnectedtotheinternet.Butwiththerightsecuritymeasuresinplace,smarthomescanbeawonderfuladditiontoanyhome.(1)Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Smarthometechnologyisexpensiveandnotworththeinvestment.B.Smarthomesarebecomingmorepopularbecausetheyoffercomfort,safety,andenergyefficiency.C.Smartlocksandthermostatsarethemostimportantdevicesinasmarthome.D.Smarthomesareonlyforwealthypeoplewhocanaffordthelatesttechnology.(2)Accordingtothepassage,whatcansmartthermostatsdo?A.Theycandetectintrudersinyourhome.B.Theycanadjustthetemperaturebasedonyourschedule.C.Theycanturnoffthelightswhenyouleavetheroom.D.Theycanautomaticallyopenyourgaragedoor.(3)Whatisoneconcernthatsomepeoplehaveaboutsmarthomes?A.Theyaretoocomplicatedtosetup.B.Theycanincreaseenergybills.C.Theymaycompromiseprivacy.D.Theyarenotassecureastraditionalhomes.(4)Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Topersuadereaderstobuysmarthomedevices.B.Toinformreadersaboutthebenefitsandconcernsofsmarthomes.C.Tocomparesmarthomeswithtraditionalhomes.D.Toexplainhowtoinstallsmarthometechnology.(5)Whatdoestheword"automation"meaninthecontextofthepassage?A.Theuseofmachinestoperformtasks.B.Theprocessofconnectingdevicestotheinternet.C.Thedesignofsmarthomelayouts.D.Theinstallationofsmartlocksandthermostats.2.TheInternetofThings(IoT)hasrevolutionizedthewayweinteractwithtechnology.Byconnectingeverydayobjectstotheinternet,IoTdevicescancollectandexchangedata,makingourliveseasierandmoreefficient.OneofthemostcommonexamplesofIoTiswearabletechnology.Fitnesstrackers,smartwatches,andevenclothingembeddedwithsensorscanmonitorourhealthandfitnessinreal-time.Thesedevicescantrackourheartrate,stepstaken,caloriesburned,andevensleeppatterns.Thisinformationcanbeusedtohelpusstayhealthyandachieveourfitnessgoals.AnotherareawhereIoTismakingabigimpactisintheautomotiveindustry.Smartcarscannowcommunicatewitheachotherandwithinfrastructuretoimprovesafetyandtrafficflow.Forinstance,ifonecardetectsahazard,itcansendawarningtonearbycars,allowingthemtotakeevasiveaction.Additionally,IoTisbeingusedtomakehomessmarterandmoreenergy-efficient.Smartappliancescanbecontrolledremotely,soyoucanturnonyourovenorstartyourlaundrywhileyou'restillatwork.ThepotentialapplicationsofIoTarevirtuallylimitless,andastechnologycontinuestoevolve,wecanexpecttoseeevenmoreinnovativeusesforitinthefuture.(1)Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.ThehistoryoftheInternetofThings.B.ThebenefitsofwearabletechnologyintheIoTecosystem.C.HowIoTistransformingvariousindustries.D.ThechallengesofimplementingIoTineverydaylife.(2)Accordingtothepassage,whatcanfitnesstrackersdo?A.Theycanmakephonecallsforyou.B.Theycanmonitoryourhealthandfitnessinreal-time.C.Theycanrepairyourcarifitbreaksdown.D.Theycancookyourmealsforyou.(3)WhatisoneexampleofhowIoTisimprovingsafetyintheautomotiveindustry?A.Smartcarscandetectpotholesandavoidthem.B.Smartcarscancommunicatewitheachothertowarnofhazards.C.Smartcarscanautomaticallyadjusttheirspeedbasedontrafficconditions.D.Smartcarscanparkthemselvesinparkinglots.(4)Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Tosellsmartappliancestoreaders.B.ToinformreadersaboutthevariousapplicationsofIoT.C.Topersuadereaderstobuywearabletechnology.D.Todiscussthehistoryoftheautomotiveindustry.(5)Whatdoestheword"revolutionized"meaninthecontextofthepassage?A.Ithasmadesomethingcompletelynewanddifferent.B.Ithascausedsomethingtobecomeoutdated.C.Ithasimprovedtheefficiencyofsomething.D.Ithasincreasedthecostofsomething.3.Inrecentyears,theconceptofasmartcityhasgainedsignificanttraction.Asmartcityusesinformationandcommunicationtechnology(ICT)toimprovethequalityoflifeforitscitizens.Thiscanincludeeverythingfromtrafficmanagementtoenergyconsumption.Oneofthekeycomponentsofasmartcityistheuseofsensorsanddataanalytics.Forexample,smarttrafficlightscanadjusttheirtimingbasedonreal-timetrafficconditions,reducingcongestionandimprovingtrafficflow.Smartgridscanoptimizeenergydistribution,ensuringthatpowerisusedefficientlyandreducingwaste.Additionally,smartcitiesoftenincorporatepublicWi-Finetworks,makinghigh-speedinternetaccessibletoallresidents.Thisconnectivityenablescitizenstoaccessgovernmentservices,educationalresources,andotheressentialinformationmoreeasily.Whilethebenefitsofsmartcitiesarenumerous,therearealsochallengestoconsider.Forinstance,ensuringthesecurityandprivacyofthedatacollectedbythesesystemsiscrucial.Moreover,thecostofimplementingandmaintainingthesetechnologiescanbesignificant.Despitethesechallenges,thepotentialbenefitsofsmartcitiesmakethemanexcitingareaofdevelopmentforthefuture.(1)Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Smartcitiesaretooexpensivetoimplementandoffernorealbenefits.B.Smartcitiesusetechnologytoimprovethequalityoflifefortheircitizens.C.Smartcitiesrelysolelyontrafficmanagementtofunctioneffectively.D.Smartcitiesareonlybeneficialforlargeurbanareas.(2)Accordingtothepassage,whatcansmarttrafficlightsdo?A.Theycandetectpedestriansandstopautomatically.B.Theycanadjusttheirtimingbasedonreal-timetrafficconditions.C.Theycancommunicatewithsmartcarstooptimizetrafficflow.D.Theycanchargepeopleforusingtheroads.(3)Whatisoneexampleofhowsmartgridscanimproveenergyefficiency?A.Theycangenerateelectricityfromrenewablesources.B.Theycanoptimizeenergydistribution,reducingwaste.C.Theycanautomaticallyturnofflightswhennooneisinaroom.D.Theycanincreasethecostofelectricityforconsumers.(4)Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Topersuadereaderstosupportthedevelopmentofsmartcities.B.Toinformreadersaboutthechallengesofcreatingsmartcities.C.Tocomparesmartcitieswithtraditionalcities.D.TodiscusstheimportanceofpublicWi-Finetworksinsmartcities.(5)Whatdoestheword"traction"meaninthecontextofthepassage?A.Itmeanspopularityorsupport.B.Itmeansmovementorprogress.C.Itmeansdevelopmentorinnovation.D.Itmeansgrowthorexpansion.二、完形填空要求：閱讀下面的短文，其中有10處空白，每處空白有4個選項。請根據(jù)上下文選擇最佳答案，并將答案的字母填在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置。Manypeopletodayareinterestedinsmarthomes.Theywanttheirhomestobemorecomfortable,safe,andenergy-efficient.Smarthometechnologyusessensors,internet-connecteddevices,andautomationtomakethispossible.Forexample,smartthermostatscanlearnyourscheduleandadjustthetemperatureaccordingly.Smartlockscanbecontrolledremotely,soyoucanlockorunlockyourdoorfromanywhere.Evenlightingcanbeautomated,turningonoroffbasedonyourpresenceorthetimeofday.Thebenefitsofasmarthomearenumerous.Notonlydotheysaveenergyandmoney,buttheyalsoprovidegreatersecurityandconvenience.However,somepeopleworryabouttheprivacyimplicationsofhavingsomanydevicesconnectedtotheinternet.Butwiththerightsecuritymeasuresinplace,smarthomescanbeawonderfuladditiontoanyhome.(1)______areinterestedinsmarthomes.A.ManypeopletodayB.SmarthometechnologyC.Internet-connecteddevicesD.Automation(2)______wantstheirhomestobemorecomfortable,safe,andenergy-efficient.A.SmartlocksB.SmartthermostatsC.ManypeopletodayD.Internet-connecteddevices(3)Smarthometechnologyuses______tomakethispossible.A.sensorsB.internet-connecteddevicesC.automationD.alloftheabove(4)Smartthermostatscan______yourscheduleandadjustthetemperatureaccordingly.A.learnB.controlC.monitorD.adjust(5)Smartlockscanbe______,soyoucanlockorunlockyourdoorfromanywhere.A.controlledremotelyB.automatedC.monitoredD.adjusted(6)Lightingcanbe______,turningonoroffbasedonyourpresenceorthetimeofday.A.automatedB.controlledremotelyC.monitoredD.adjusted(7)Thebenefitsofasmarthomeare______.A.numerousB.limitedC.expensiveD.complicated(8)Smarthomescan______energyandmoney.A.saveB.wasteC.generateD.consume(9)Somepeopleworryaboutthe______ofhavingsomanydevicesconnectedtotheinternet.A.securityB.privacyC.convenienceD.efficiency(10)Withtherightsecuritymeasuresinplace,smarthomescanbeawonderful______toanyhome.A.additionB.subtractionC.modificationD.replacement三、詞匯運用要求：閱讀下面的短文，其中有10處空白，每處空白有4個選項。請根據(jù)上下文選擇最佳答案，并將答案的字母填在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置。TheInternetofThings(IoT)haschangedhowwelive.Byconnectingeverydayobjectstotheinternet,IoTdevicescancollectandexchangedata.Thismakesourliveseasierandmoreefficient.Forexample,smartthermostatslearnourschedulesandadjustthetemperatureautomatically.Smartlockscanbecontrolledfromanywhere,givingusmoresecurity.Evenlightingcanbesettoturnonoroffatspecifictimes.ThebenefitsofIoTareclear.Itsavesenergy,reducescosts,andaddsconveniencetoourdailyroutines.However,somepeoplehaveconcernsaboutprivacy.Theyworrythattoomanydevicesconnectedtotheinternetcouldleadtodatabreaches.Butwithstrongsecuritymeasures,IoTcanmakeourlivesbetterwithoutputtingourprivacyatrisk.Astechnologyadvances,wewillseeevenmoreinnovativeusesforIoTinthefuture.(1)______haschangedhowwelive.A.TheInternetofThings(IoT)B.IoTdevicesC.DatacollectionD.Smartlocks(2)IoTdevicescan______andexchangedata.A.collectB.connectC.controlD.monitor(3)Thismakesourlives______andmoreefficient.A.harderB.simplerC.morecomplicatedD.moreexpensive(4)Smartthermostatscan______ourschedulesandadjustthetemperatureautomatically.A.learnB.forgetC.ignoreD.change(5)Smartlockscanbe______fromanywhere.A.controlledB.monitoredC.repairedD.installed(6)Thisgivesusmore______.A.comfortB.securityC.costD.convenience(7)ThebenefitsofIoTare______.A.unclearB.limitedC.obviousD.expensive(8)Itsaves______,reducescosts,andaddsconvenience.A.timeB.energyC.moneyD.alloftheabove(9)Somepeoplehaveconcernsabout______.A.securityB.convenienceC.privacyD.efficiency(10)Strongsecuritymeasurescan______IoTfromputtingourprivacyatrisk.A.protectB.ignoreC.disableD.increase四、翻譯要求：將下列短文翻譯成英語。注意保持原文的意思，并使用正確的語法和詞匯。隨著技術(shù)的進步，物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的應(yīng)用將越來越廣泛。從智能家居到智慧城市，物聯(lián)網(wǎng)正在改變我們的生活方式。智能家居設(shè)備可以幫助我們節(jié)省能源和金錢，提高生活質(zhì)量。智慧城市利用物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)改善交通管理、能源效率和公共安全。然而，物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展也帶來了一些挑戰(zhàn)，比如數(shù)據(jù)安全和隱私保護。為了確保物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的健康發(fā)展，我們需要制定合理的政策和措施，保護用戶的隱私和數(shù)據(jù)安全。只有這樣，物聯(lián)網(wǎng)才能真正為我們的生活帶來便利和改善。本次試卷答案如下一、閱讀理解1.(1)B.Smarthomesarebecomingmorepopularbecausetheyoffercomfort,safety,andenergyefficiency.解析：文章第一段明確指出，很多人對智能家居感興趣，因為他們希望家里的環(huán)境更舒適、更安全、更節(jié)能。后面內(nèi)容都在圍繞智能家居的好處展開，所以B選項最能概括文章主旨。(2)B.Theycanadjustthetemperaturebasedonyourschedule.解析：文章第一段提到“智能恒溫器可以學(xué)習(xí)你的日程安排并相應(yīng)地調(diào)整溫度”，說明智能恒溫器可以根據(jù)用戶的日程調(diào)整溫度，所以B選項正確。(3)C.Theymaycompromiseprivacy.解析：文章第一段最后提到“然而，有些人擔(dān)心將這么多設(shè)備連接到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的隱私問題”，說明隱私問題是人們對智能家居的主要擔(dān)憂，所以C選項正確。(4)B.Toinformreadersaboutthebenefitsandconcernsofsmarthomes.解析：整篇文章先是介紹了智能家居的好處，如舒適、安全、節(jié)能等，然后又提到了隱私問題。所以文章的目的是讓讀者了解智能家居的優(yōu)缺點，故B選項正確。(5)A.Theuseofmachinestoperformtasks.解析：文章第一段提到“智能家居技術(shù)使用傳感器、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接的設(shè)備和自動化來使這成為可能”，這里提到的自動化是指用機器來完成任務(wù)，所以A選項正確。2.(1)C.HowIoTistransformingvariousindustries.解析：文章主要介紹了物聯(lián)網(wǎng)在不同領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用，如可穿戴設(shè)備、汽車行業(yè)和智能家居等，說明物聯(lián)網(wǎng)正在改變各行各業(yè)，故C選項正確。(2)B.Theycanmonitoryourhealthandfitnessinreal-time.解析：文章第二段提到“健身追蹤器、智能手表，甚至嵌入傳感器的衣服可以實時監(jiān)控我們的健康和健身”，說明健身追蹤器可以實時監(jiān)控健康和健身數(shù)據(jù)，所以B選項正確。(3)B.Smartcarscancommunicatewitheachotherandwithinfrastructuretoimprovesafetyandtrafficflow.解析：文章第二段提到“智能汽車現(xiàn)在可以相互通信，并與基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施通信以改善安全性和交通流量”，說明智能汽車通過通信提高安全性和交通效率，故B選項正確。(4)B.ToinformreadersaboutthevariousapplicationsofIoT.解析：整篇文章介紹了物聯(lián)網(wǎng)在可穿戴設(shè)備、汽車行業(yè)和智能家居等多個領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用，目的是讓讀者了解物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的廣泛應(yīng)用，故B選項正確。(5)A.Ithasmadesomethingcompletelynewanddifferent.解析：文章第一段提到“物聯(lián)網(wǎng)徹底改變了我們與技術(shù)互動的方式”，這里的革命化是指物聯(lián)網(wǎng)帶來了全新的變化，使技術(shù)互動方式完全不同，故A選項正確。3.(1)B.Smartcitiesusetechnologytoimprovethequalityoflifefortheircitizens.解析：文章第一段提到“智慧城市使用信息和通信技術(shù)（ICT）來提高其公民的生活質(zhì)量”，說明智慧城市的核心是利用技術(shù)改善居民生活，故B選項正確。(2)B.Smarttrafficlightscanadjusttheirtimingbasedonreal-timetrafficconditions.解析：文章第三段提到“智能交通燈可以根據(jù)實時交通狀況調(diào)整其時間”，說明智能交通燈可以根據(jù)交通流量自動調(diào)整，故B選項正確。(3)B.Theycanoptimizeenergydistribution,reducingwaste.解析：文章第三段提到“智能電網(wǎng)可以優(yōu)化能源分配，減少浪費”，說明智能電網(wǎng)通過優(yōu)化能源分配來提高效率，故B選項正確。(4)A.ToinformreadersaboutthevariousapplicationsofIoT.解析：整篇文章介紹了智慧城市在交通管理、能源分配和公共Wi-Fi等方面的應(yīng)用，目的是讓讀者了解智慧城市的多種應(yīng)用，故A選項正確。(5)A.Itmeanspopularityorsupport.解析：文章第一段提到“智慧城市的概念近年來獲得了顯著的支持”，這里的traction是指智慧城市受到的歡迎和支持，故A選項正確。二、完形填空(1)A.Manypeopletoday解析：文章第一句明確指出“今天很多人對智能家居感興趣”，所以這里應(yīng)該填入“Manypeopletoday”。(2)C.Manypeopletoday解析：文章第一句提到“今天很多人對智能家居感興趣，他們希望家里的環(huán)境更舒適、更安全、更節(jié)能”，說明是很多人對智能家居感興趣，所以這里應(yīng)該填入“Manypeopletoday”。(3)D.alloftheabove解析：文章第一段提到“智能家居技術(shù)使用傳感器、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接的設(shè)備和自動化來使這成為可能”，說明所有這些技術(shù)都被使用，所以這里應(yīng)該填入“alloftheabove”。(4)A.learn解析：文章第一段提到“智能恒溫器可以學(xué)習(xí)你的日程安排并相應(yīng)地調(diào)整溫度”，說明智能恒溫器可以學(xué)習(xí)用戶的日程，所以這里應(yīng)該填入“l(fā)earn”。(5)A.controlledremotely解析：文章第一段提到“智能鎖可以遠程控制，所以你可以從任何地方鎖或解鎖你的門”，說明智能鎖可以遠程控制，所以這里應(yīng)該填入“controlledremotely”。(6)A.automated解析：文章第一段提到“甚至燈光也可以自動化，根據(jù)你的存在或一天中的時間自動打開或關(guān)閉”，說明燈光可以自動化，所以這里應(yīng)該填入“automated”。(7)A.numerous解析：文章第一段提到“智能家居的好處很多”，說明好處很多，所以這里應(yīng)該填入“numerous”。(8)A.save解析：文章第一段提到“智能家居不僅可以節(jié)省能源和金錢，還可以提供更大的安全性和便利性”，說明可以節(jié)省能源和金錢，所以這里應(yīng)該填入“save”。(9)B.privacy解析：文章第一段提到“然而，有些人擔(dān)心將這么多設(shè)備連接到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的隱私問題”，說明擔(dān)心的是隱私問題，所以這里應(yīng)該填入“privacy”。(10)A.addition解析：文章第一段提到“但有了適當(dāng)?shù)陌踩胧?，智能家居可以成為任何家庭的美好補充”，說明智能家居是家庭的補充，所以這里應(yīng)該填入“addition”。三、詞匯運用(1)A.TheInternetofThings(IoT)解析：文章第一句提到“TheInternetofThings(IoT)haschangedhowwelive”，說明是物聯(lián)網(wǎng)改變了我們的生活，所以這里應(yīng)該填入“TheInternetofThings(IoT)”。(2)A.collect解析：文章第二句提到“IoTde