黑龍江省哈爾濱市第六中學(xué)2020-2021學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題一、閱讀選擇WomenWhoseInventionsChangedLifeRachelZimmerman-BlissymbolPrinter(1984)Attheageof12,ZimmermaninventedtheBlissymbolPrinter,whichhelpspeoplewithphysicaldisabilitiescommunicateviasymbolsthatgettranslatedintowrittenlanguage.WhatbeganasaprojectforaschoolsciencefairendedupcompetingattheWorldExhibitionofAchievementofYoungInventors.ZimmermannowworksatNASAJetPropulsionLaboratory,whereshedevelopsinnovationscombiningspacetechnologyandassistiveintelligence.OlgaD．Gonzalez-Sanabria—LongCycle-LifeNickel-HydrogenBatteries(1987)DirectoroftheSystemsManagementOfficeandthehighestrankingHispanicatNASAGlennResearchCenter,Gonzalez-Sanabriaplayedacriticalroleinthedevelopmentofthe"LongCycle-LifeNickel-HydrogenBatteries"whichhelpenabletheInternationalSpaceStationpowersystem.ShehassincewontheNASAOutstandingLeadershipMedalandtheNASAExceptionalServiceMedal.AnnTsukamoto-StemCellIsolation(分離)(1991)Tsukamotoandhercolleagueswerethefirstscientiststoidentifyandisolateblood-formingstemcells.Patentedin1991-thefirstof12patentsrelatedtoherresearch-Tsukamotohasfurtheredherresearchandthankstoher,bonemarrowtransplants(骨髓移植)havesavedthelivesofthousandsofpeoplebattlingbloodcancer.DonnaStrickland-ChirpedPulseAmplification(2018)ThethirdwomantowintheNobelPrizeinPhysics,Strickland,alongwithDr.GerardMourouofFrance,hassignificantlyadvancedthescienceoflasers(激光).Theydevelopedatechnologyforcreatingshort,powerfullaserpulses.Thetechnique,calledChirpedPulseAmplification,hasbeenusedincorrectiveeyesurgeries.1．Whatcanweknowabouttheinventiondevelopedin1987?A．Itistheinventor'sfirstof12patents.B．ItisusedintheInternationalSpaceStation.C．Itcantranslatesymbolsintowrittenlanguages.D．Itconnectsspacetechnologywithassistiveintelligence.2．Whoseinventioninspiredacureforbloodcancer?A．AnnTsukamoto's. B．DonnaStrickland's.C．RachelZimmerman's. D．OlgaD．Gonzalez-Sanabria's.3．Whichinventionmaybenefitthosewithpooreyesight?A．BlissymbolPrinter. B．StemCellIsolation.C．ChirpedPulseAmplification. D．LongCycle-lifeNickel-HydrogenBatteries.【答案】1．B2．A3．C【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四位女性的發(fā)明創(chuàng)造改變了我們的生活。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“DirectoroftheSystemsManagementOfficeandthehighestrankingHispanicatNASAGlennResearchCenter,Gonzalez-Sanabriaplayedacriticalroleinthedevelopmentofthe"LongCycle-LifeNickel-HydrogenBatteries"whichhelpenabletheInternationalSpaceStationpowersystem.(Gonzalez-Sanabria是系統(tǒng)管理辦公室主任，也是美國宇航局格倫研究中心級別最高的西班牙裔，她在“長周期鎳氫電池”的開發(fā)中發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵作用，這有助于實(shí)現(xiàn)國際空間站的電力系統(tǒng)。)”可知，Gonzalez-Sanabria的發(fā)明被用于國際空間站。故選B。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Patentedin1991-thefirstof12patentsrelatedtoherresearch-Tsukamotohasfurtheredherresearchandthankstoher,bonemarrowtransplants(骨髓移植)havesavedthelivesofthousandsofpeoplebattlingbloodcancer.(Tsukamoto于1991年獲得專利——她的研究涉及12項(xiàng)專利中的第一項(xiàng)——進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)了她的研究，由于她的努力，骨髓移植挽救了成千上萬與血癌抗?fàn)幍娜说纳?”可知，AnnTsukamoto發(fā)明有助于治療血癌。故選A。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Thetechnique,calledChirpedPulseAmplification,hasbeenusedincorrectiveeyesurgeries.(這項(xiàng)技術(shù)被稱為啁啾脈沖放大技術(shù)，已被用于眼科矯正手術(shù)。)”可知，啁啾脈沖放大技術(shù)可以使視力不好的人受益。故選C。Yearsago,IappearedonstagewiththeRoyalMelbournePhilharmonicChoirintheTownHall.ThereIwas,myfeetinplainshoes,sweatdirtyingmycleanwhiteshirt,singingmyheartoutinfrontofthebigorgan.Istillhaveataperecordingofthatperformancesomewhere,whereIswearIcanhearmyselfsinging,highandthinandpossiblyoff-key.ButlifegotinthewayandIstoppedsinging.Then,inthesummerof2019,Ifoundmyselffacingsomeshadowsinmyownlife.Itfeltasifithadbeenalongtimebetweensongs,asiftherewassomethingunsung,someabsentmusicinmyears.IbegantofearImightbemakingmyselfillandunabletobreatheinanormalway.Couldsinginghelpmereclaimmyvoiceandcalmmyfast-beatingheart?ResearchfromtheRoyalSocietynotedthat"groupsingingcanimprovephysicalandmentalhealth,aswellaspromotesocialbonds”.So,ratherthanlettingmyunsungtunesstrangleme,Idecidedtotakeonanewchoralexperience,onebeingintheBigFeministSing,acommunitychoir.“Ifyoudon’tknowwhattosing,”thechoirdirectorsaid,“findsomeonewholooksconfident,andgoandstandnexttothem.Findafriendifyou'reintrouble;takearisk;useyourvoice;bepartofsomethingbiggerthanyourself.”I'vebeensinginginthechoireversince,becausegroupsinginggivesmeasenseofsecurity-andeachrehearsalisalifeline,aconnectedthread,anintakeofairworkingtowardacollectivevoice.Itdoesn'tmatterifIamabitoff-keytostartwith.Decadesofunsungsituationshavechanged,andIhaveflown.4．HowdidtheauthorfeelduringherperformanceintheTownHall?A．Thrilled. B．Nervous. C．Confident. D．Curious.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“strangle”inparagraph3probablymean?A．Reach. B．Blind C．Cheat D．Choke.6．Whatdoestheauthorlearnfromherlatestchoirexperience?A．Findingatruefriendisnevereasy. B．Teamworkhasbenefitedheralot.C．Thechoirdirector'spositioncounts. D．Singingaloneimprovesherhealth.7．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheAmazingPowerofGroupSinging B．ConfidenceOutofLastingSingingC．ChangesfromStageExperiences D．ATasteofMusicinaChoir【答案】4．B5．D6．B7．A【分析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了作者一唱歌就緊張到跑調(diào)，于是為了享受合唱的神奇力量，作者加入了一個合唱團(tuán)，受益匪淺。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“ThereIwas,myfeetinplainshoes,sweatdirtyingmycleanwhiteshirt,singingmyheartoutinfrontofthebigorgan.Istillhaveataperecordingofthatperformancesomewhere,whereIswearIcanhearmyselfsinging,highandthinandpossiblyoff-key.(我就在那里，穿著平底鞋的腳，汗水弄臟了干凈的白襯衫，在大風(fēng)琴前唱出我的心聲。我還在某個地方錄下了那次演出的錄音，我發(fā)誓我能聽到自己在唱歌，又高又細(xì)還可能跑調(diào))”可推知，作者在市政廳演出時(shí)感覺緊張。故選B。5．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中“ResearchfromtheRoyalSocietynotedthat"groupsingingcanimprovephysicalandmentalhealth,aswellaspromotesocialbonds”.(英國皇家學(xué)會的一項(xiàng)研究指出，“合唱可以改善身心健康，還能增進(jìn)社會聯(lián)系?！?”以及畫線詞上文“ratherthanlettingmyunsungtunes”和后文“Idecidedtotakeonanewchoralexperience”可知，作者從研究中得知合唱可以改善身心健康，還能增進(jìn)社會聯(lián)系，所以為了不讓自己的無名小調(diào)阻塞自己，作者決定進(jìn)行一次新的合唱體驗(yàn)，故畫線詞意思是“阻塞”。A.Reach.到達(dá)；B.Blind使失明；C.Cheat欺騙；D.Choke阻塞。故選D。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“I'vebeensinginginthechoireversince,becausegroupsinginggivesmeasenseofsecurity-andeachrehearsalisalifeline,aconnectedthread,anintakeofairworkingtowardacollectivevoice.(從那以后，我就一直在唱詩班里唱歌，因?yàn)楹铣o了我一種安全感——而每一次排練都是一條生命線，一條相連的線，一股通向集體聲音的空氣)”可知，作者從她最近的唱詩班經(jīng)歷中學(xué)到了團(tuán)隊(duì)合作使她受益匪淺。故選B。7．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Couldsinginghelpmereclaimmyvoiceandcalmmyfast-beatingheart?ResearchfromtheRoyalSocietynotedthat"groupsingingcanimprovephysicalandmentalhealth,aswellaspromotesocialbonds”.So,ratherthanlettingmyunsungtunesstrangleme,Idecidedtotakeonanewchoralexperience,onebeingintheBigFeministSing,acommunitychoir.(唱歌能幫我找回自己的聲音，讓我快跳的心平靜下來嗎?英國皇家學(xué)會的一項(xiàng)研究指出，“合唱可以改善身心健康，還能增進(jìn)社會聯(lián)系?！彼裕瑸榱瞬蛔屛业臒o名小調(diào)扼殺我，我決定進(jìn)行一次新的合唱體驗(yàn)，參加一個名為“女權(quán)主義之歌”的社區(qū)合唱團(tuán))”結(jié)合文章講述了作者一唱歌就是緊張到跑調(diào)，于是為了享受合唱的神奇力量，作者加入了一個合唱團(tuán)，受益匪淺?？芍?，A選項(xiàng)“合唱的神奇力量”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。HiddenbeneaththesurfaceintherootsofEarthsastonishinganddiverseplantlife,thereexistsabiologicalsuperhighwaylinkingtogetherthemembersoftheplantkingdominwhatresearcherscallthe"woodwideweb".Thenetworkiscomprisedofthinthreadsoffungus(真菌)thatgrowoutwardsundergrounduptoafewmetersfromitspartneringplant,meaningthatalloftheplantlifewithinaregionlikelyconnectedtooneanother.Thepartnershipisbeneficialforbothpartiesinvolved,plantsprovidecarbohydrates(碳水化合物)tothefungusesandinexchange,thefungusesaidingatheringwaterandprovidingnutrientstoitspartneringplant.AstudyconductedbyRensenZengoftheSouthChinaAgriculturalUniversityfoundthatthisalsoallowedforplantstowarnoneanotherofpotentialharm.ThestudyshowedBroadBeansusedthefungalnetworktospyononeanotherforupcomingdanger.LikeourInternet,thisfungalconnectivityisalsofullofcrime.Someplants,suchasGoldenMarigoldshavebeenfoundtoreleasepoisonsintothenetworktoslowdownthegrowthofsurroundingplantsinthefightforwaterandlight.Otherplants,suchasthePhantomOrchid,donothavethechlorophyll(葉綠素)andmustgetthenecessarynutrientsfromsurroundingplants.Researchsuggeststhatanimalssuchasinsectsandwormsmaybeabletodetectslightexchangesofnutrientsthroughthenetwork,allowingthemtomoreeasilyfinddeliciousrootstofeedon;however,thishasnotbeenconclusivelymadeclearinexperimentation.Themorewelearnaboutthisphenomenon,themoreourunderstandingoftheplantlifeofourplanetwillcontinuetochange.Perhapsoneday,wemaybeabletomapoutthesecomplexnetworksentirely.8．Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A．Toexplaintheaimoftheweb.B．Tointroducethemaintopic.C．Togivedefinitionofdiverselife.D．Toshowtheimportanceofplants.9．Thecriminalbehaviorofplantscanbeseenasawayto________.A．competeforsurvivalB．gathermorewaterC．takeinsunlightD．breaknaturalrules10．Whatdoesthelastparagraphsuggest?A．Animalscanalsofeedonthefungus.B．Nutrientexchangesaretooslighttodetect.C．Noexperimentcanprovethephenomenon.D．Moreneedstobedonetoworkoutthenetwork.11．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ThePartnershipbetweenPlantsB．TheUnknownRootsoftheEarthC．TheSuperhighwayLinkingthePlantsD．TheMysteriousMapChangingtheWorld【答案】8．B9．A10．D11．C【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述的將植物王國成員連接在一起的高速公路，被研究人員稱之為“木網(wǎng)”。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的第一段“HiddenbeneaththesurfaceintherootsofEarthsastonishinganddiverseplantlife,thereexistsabiologicalsuperhighwaylinkingtogetherthemembersoftheplantkingdominwhatresearcherscallthe"woodwideweb".(在地表之下，在地球上驚人而多樣的植物生命的根部，存在著一條生物高速公路，將植物王國的成員連接在一起，研究人員稱之為“木網(wǎng)”)”及下文的描述可知，文章主要講述將植物王國成員連接在一起的高速公路。由此可知，第一段的作用是引入話題。故選B。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的第四段“LikeourInternet,thisfungalconnectivityisalsofullofcrime.…Otherplants,suchasthePhantomOrchid,donothavethechlorophyll(葉綠素)andmustgetthenecessarynutrientsfromsurroundingplants.(就像我們的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)一樣，這種真菌連接也充滿了犯罪。一些植物，如金盞花，在爭奪水和光的過程中會釋放毒素到網(wǎng)絡(luò)中來減緩周圍植物的生長。其他植物，如幽靈蘭，沒有葉綠素，必須從周圍的植物獲得必要的營養(yǎng))”可知，有些植物釋放毒素是給自己獲得營養(yǎng)的。由此推斷，植物的犯罪行為可以看作是一種生存競爭的方式。故選A。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Themorewelearnaboutthisphenomenon,themoreourunderstandingoftheplantlifeofourplanetwillcontinuetochange.Perhapsoneday,wemaybeabletomapoutthesecomplexnetworksentirely.(我們對這一現(xiàn)象了解得越多，我們對地球上植物生命的理解就會越深刻。也許有一天，我們能夠完全繪制出這些復(fù)雜的網(wǎng)絡(luò))”可推斷，最后一段就是暗示需要做更多的工作來解決植物的網(wǎng)絡(luò)問題。故選D。11．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的第一段“HiddenbeneaththesurfaceintherootsofEarthsastonishinganddiverseplantlife,thereexistsabiologicalsuperhighwaylinkingtogetherthemembersoftheplantkingdominwhatresearcherscallthe"woodwideweb".(在地表之下，在地球上驚人而多樣的植物生命的根部，存在著一條生物高速公路，將植物王國的成員連接在一起，研究人員稱之為“木網(wǎng)”)”及下文的描述可知，文章主要講述將植物王國成員連接在一起的高速公路。故選C?！军c(diǎn)睛】標(biāo)題猜測題。屬于主旨大意題的一種，標(biāo)題應(yīng)位于文章之首，概括文章內(nèi)容，點(diǎn)明文章主題。它可以是單詞，短語，或句子。確定文章標(biāo)題，第一，標(biāo)題要與主題密切相關(guān)；其次，看標(biāo)題是否能概括全文內(nèi)容，不能只概括短文中的某些事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)；第三，標(biāo)題范圍不應(yīng)太大或太小；最后，標(biāo)題應(yīng)新穎，概括性強(qiáng)并且精煉。小題4中C選項(xiàng)概括文中主旨大意，與主題密切相關(guān)，故選C項(xiàng)。Forcompaniesaroundtheworldandacrossindustries,sustainability(可持續(xù)發(fā)展)hasrapidlygonefromanice-to-havetoamust-have.Somefamouscompanieshaveannouncedambitiousplanstoremovesingle-useplastics,reducecarbonreleaseandotherwiseshrinktheirenvironmentalfootprintinvariousways.NewlightTechnologieshopestospeedupthatprocess.ThecompanyhasspentmorethanadecadedevelopingamaterialcalledAirCarbon,whichfunctionsexactlylikeplasticbutiscompletelybiodegradable(可生物降解的).Newlightdevelopedthematerialusingmicroorganismsfoundintheoceanthatfeedonmethaneandcarbondioxide-two-greenhousegasesamongthebiggestcontributorstoclimatechange.Theorganismsturnthosegasesintoanaturalpolymer(聚合物)thatcanbeshapedjustlikeplastic.“WecallthatAirCarbonbecauseit'sairandcarbonthatcanmixwithandbecomepartofwater,”CEOMarkHerremasaid.“Wehavethispurewhitepowderthatwecanthenmeltandforminallkindsofpartsandpieces.”Thecompany'snewproductionfacilityisfilledwithlargesaltwatertanksthatrecreateoceanconditions,allowingtheorganismstomakethepolymerfromwhichAirCarboncanbeobtained.Newlightrecentlybeganrollingoutitsfirstsetofproductsmadefromthematerial,launchingtwo-brands.Itsfoodwarebrand,Restore,sellsbiodegradablestraws,knives,forksandspoons,whileitsfashionbrandCovalentsellshandbags,walletsandsunglasses.AndbecausetheprocessofdevelopingAirCarbonusesgasesfromtheatmosphere,theproductsarecarbonnegative,meaningtheytakeoutmorepollutantsthantheyproduce.Newlighthasreceivedcarbonnegativecertificationsfromseveralorganizationsforitsproducts.Newlight’scurrentproductsarecostlierthansometraditionalproductsavailableonthemarket,sincethecompanyhasjustonefacility,whichmakesithardtokeeppricesdown.Atpresent,Newlight’sAirCarbonproductscanremove100millionpoundsofcarbondioxideperyear.ButHerrema'sgoalistobuildmorefacilitiesasquicklyaspossibleandeventuallyincreasethatnumberto20billionpounds,whichhesaysishowmuchplasticendsupintheoceaneachyear.12．WhatistheadvantageofAirCarbon?A．Itismoreflexiblethanplastic.B．Itcanpartiallybreakdown.C．Ithelpsreducegreenhousegases.D．Itisanartificialpolymerlikeplastic.13．WhyhasNewlightbeencertifiedcarbonnegative?A．Itsproductsareofgoodquality.B．Itsproductsareenergy-saving.C．Itdevelopstwosustainablebrands.D．Itremovesmorecarbonthanitreleases.14．WhatmightbethechallengeforNewlight’sAirCarbonproducts?A．Limitedproduction. B．Lowprofits.C．Fewcustomers. D．Poormarketing.15．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．Newtechnologythatreducescarbonrelease.B．Greenhousegasesthatcanbeusedforproducts.C．Oceanmicroorganismsthatfeedongreenhousegases.D．Aplasticalternativethatmighthelpsolveclimatechange.【答案】12．C13．D14．A15．D【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要講述Newlight科技公司利用在海洋中發(fā)現(xiàn)的微生物開發(fā)了一種可能有助于解決氣候變化的塑料替代品。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ThecompanyhasspentmorethanadecadedevelopingamaterialcalledAirCarbon,whichfunctionsexactlylikeplasticbutiscompletelybiodegradable(可生物降解的).Newlightdevelopedthematerialusingmicroorganismsfoundintheoceanthatfeedonmethaneandcarbondioxide-two-greenhousegasesamongthebiggestcontributorstoclimatechange.Theorganismstumthosegasesintoanaturalpolymer(聚合物)thatcanbeshapedjustlikeplastic.”（這家公司花費(fèi)十多年的時(shí)間研制了一種物質(zhì)叫AirCarbon，它的功能和塑料一樣，但是可完全生物降解的。Newlight利用在海洋中發(fā)現(xiàn)的微生物開發(fā)了這種材料，這種微生物以甲烷和二氧化碳為食——兩種造成氣候變化的最大因素的溫室氣體。生物體將這些氣體轉(zhuǎn)化成形狀像塑料的天然聚合物）可知，AirCarbon的生產(chǎn)可以在一定程度上減少溫室氣體。故選C。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“AndbecausetheprocessofdevelopingAirCarbonusesgasesfromtheatmosphere,theproductsarecarbonnegative,meaningtheytakeoutmorepollutantsthantheyproduce.”（因?yàn)樯a(chǎn)AirCarbon所使用的氣體來自大氣層，所以這種產(chǎn)品是碳的負(fù)排放，意味著他們消除的污染物要多于排放的污染物）可知，AirCarbon被認(rèn)定為碳的負(fù)排放是因?yàn)樗麄兿奈廴疚镆嘤谂欧诺奈廴疚?。故選D。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Newlight’scurrentproductsarecostlierthansometraditionalproductsavailableonthemarket,sincethecompanyhasjustonefacility,whichmakesithardtokeeppricesdown.”（Newlight的產(chǎn)品目前的價(jià)格較市面上可獲得的傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)品更高，因?yàn)檫@家公司只有一條生產(chǎn)線，這讓它的價(jià)格很難降下來）可知，Newlight公司只有一條生產(chǎn)線，產(chǎn)量有限，所以該公司的產(chǎn)品面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是產(chǎn)量有限。故選A。15．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章主要內(nèi)容，尤其第二段的根據(jù)第二段“ThecompanyhasspentmorethanadecadedevelopingamaterialcalledAirCarbon,whichfunctionsexactlylikeplasticbutiscompletelybiodegradable(可生物降解的).Newlightdevelopedthematerialusingmicroorganismsfoundintheoceanthatfeedonmethaneandcarbondioxide-two-greenhousegasesamongthebiggestcontributorstoclimatechange.”（這家公司花費(fèi)十多年的時(shí)間研制了一種物質(zhì)叫AirCarbon，它的功能和塑料一樣，但是可完全生物降解的。Newlight利用在海洋中發(fā)現(xiàn)的微生物開發(fā)了這種材料，這種微生物以甲烷和二氧化碳為食——兩種造成氣候變化的最大因素的溫室氣體。）可知，文章主要講述Newlight科技公司利用在海洋中發(fā)現(xiàn)的微生物開發(fā)了一種可能有助于解決氣候變化的塑料替代品。故選D。二、七選五SimplewaystokeepyourmindsharpWe’reallpartofafantasticintellectualandinformationeconomy,whichreliesonideas,creativityandintelligence.Keepingyourmindsharpissuretogiveyoutheedgeoverthecompetition.16．Continuereadingandgainingknowledge.Educationisnotpreparationforlife;itislifeitself.Readblogsonsubjectsbothwithinorbeyondyourfield:readbooks;watchlecturesonfascinatingnewsubjects;andreadaboutancientsocieties.17．Learnaskillyou’venevertriedbefore.You’renevertoooldtodothis,butthisisdefinitelysomethingyoushouldstartasyoungasyoucan.18．You’dbesurprisedhowmuchitwillopenupmanynewpathsinyourmind.You’llalsoopenyourselfuptotonsofnewconnectionsandintellectualsocialcircleswithanewhobby,formofart,ortrade.19．Weareconstantlyexperiencingandlearningnewthingsandtakinginnewinformation.Butinyourprocessofabsorbingnewskills,whatyouhavelearnedandwhereyouaregoingisvitaltoputeverythinginproperperspective.Somepeopledoitwellduringrunning,whileothersthroughlisteningtomusic.Findyourownpacethatallowsyoutotakeinallyouhavelearnedandfrequentitoften.Eatwell,sleepwellandexerciseoften.Givingyourmindtheproperrestandenergyisvitaltogettingthebestperformanceoutofit.20．Also,puttingyourphysicalbodythroughthepacesisasurefirewaytorefreshyourselfmentally.A．Giveyourmindtimetoabsorbknowledge.B．Useyourmindtoremembertoimproveyourmemory.C．Moreimportantly,itwillleadtoyourownhigherlevelsofhappiness.D．Onthecontrary,itisthebestwaytohelpyoustandoutfromthecrowd.E.Istartedmakingmyownmusicataround17,butIwishIhadstartedevenyounger.F.Challengeyourmindtocontinuallybroadenyourhorizonsandtakeinnewinformation.G.Thisisprettyselfexplanatory,butpeopleoftenforgetthatyouneedproperfuelandproperresttofunctionbest.【答案】16．C17．F18．E19．A20．G【分析】本文屬于說明文。介紹了四種簡單有效的保持頭腦清醒的方法?！驹斀狻?.結(jié)合空白處前一句Keepingyourmindsharpissuretogiveyoutheedgeoverthecompetition保持頭腦清醒肯定能讓你在競爭中占據(jù)優(yōu)勢，可知，此處說明的是保持頭腦清醒的好處，因而在后面的描述中同樣要講明保持頭腦清醒的好處。選項(xiàng)C.Moreimportantly,itwillleadtoyourownhigherlevelsofhappiness.更重要的是，它會帶給你更高層次的幸福。此句是對好處的進(jìn)一步闡述。符合題意。故選C。2.根據(jù)本段主題句Continuereadingandgainingknowledge.繼續(xù)閱讀，學(xué)習(xí)知識可知，本段重在說明閱讀帶來的好處。結(jié)合空白處前面Readblogsonsubjectsbothwithinorbeyondyourfield:readbooks;watchlecturesonfascinatingnewsubjects;andreadaboutancientsocieties.閱讀你所在領(lǐng)域內(nèi)外的博客:閱讀書籍;觀看關(guān)于有吸引力的新課題的講座;閱讀關(guān)于古代社會的文章?？芍喿x要不僅是自己領(lǐng)域的內(nèi)容，同樣也要讀自己領(lǐng)域之外的內(nèi)容。因而，接下來要論述的是這樣做的意義。選項(xiàng)F.Challengeyourmindtocontinuallybroadenyourhorizonsandtakeinnewinformation.挑戰(zhàn)你的頭腦，不斷拓寬你的視野，吸收新的信息。符合題意。故選F。3.本段主題句Learnaskillyou’venevertriedbefore.學(xué)習(xí)一種之前你從來沒有嘗試過的技巧?？芍?，本段主要圍繞新技巧帶來的好處。根據(jù)空白處前一句You’renevertoooldtodothis,butthisisdefinitelysomethingyoushouldstartasyoungasyoucan.學(xué)習(xí)永遠(yuǎn)不嫌老，但這絕對是你應(yīng)該盡可能從小開始做的事。可以推斷，空白處將要講述具體事例。選項(xiàng)E.Istartedmakingmyownmusicataround17,butIwishIhadstartedevenyounger.我17歲左右開始創(chuàng)作自己的音樂，但我希望我開始的時(shí)候更年輕。j通過我的事例說明自己渴望更早的時(shí)候?qū)W習(xí)音樂，符合本段主題。故選E。4.空白處為本段的主題句。通過觀察前面兩段的主題句可知，段落的主題句的句式為祈使句。結(jié)合空白處后的第二句Butinyourprocessofabsorbingnewskills,whatyouhavelearnedandwhereyouaregoingisvitaltoputeverythinginproperperspective.但在你學(xué)習(xí)新技能的過程中，你學(xué)到了什么，你要去哪里，這對于正確看待一切至關(guān)重要可知，本段主要談?wù)摰氖穷I(lǐng)會新技能。選項(xiàng)A.Giveyourmindtimetoabsorbknowledge.給你的大腦時(shí)間去吸收知識。不論是句式結(jié)構(gòu)上，還是從內(nèi)容上，都和本段陳述的內(nèi)容相符合。故選A。5.空白處前一句Givingyourmindtheproperrestandenergyisvitaltogettingthebestperformanceoutofit.讓你的大腦得到適當(dāng)?shù)男菹⒑途Γ瑢τ讷@得最好的表現(xiàn)是至關(guān)重要的。選項(xiàng)G.Thisisprettyselfexplanatory,butpeopleoftenforgetthatyouneedproperfuelandproperresttofunctionbest.這是不言自明的，但人們經(jīng)常忘記，你需要適當(dāng)?shù)娜剂虾瓦m當(dāng)?shù)男菹?，才能最好地發(fā)揮作用。This此處指代的就是前一句的內(nèi)容，同時(shí)句中的properfuelandproperresttofunctionbest也和前一句中的關(guān)鍵詞存在呼應(yīng)關(guān)系。所以選項(xiàng)G符合題意。故選G。三、完形填空Myfamilyisstillrecoveringfromtheterribletimeswhenmyteenagedstepsonbecameill.Hisdiseaseledtokidneyfailureandanongoingneedfor21.Asanyonewithasickchildknows,thestressdoesn’t22.Andtherewassomuchstress.MyhusbandandIwere23anditwasasifweforgothowtocommunicate--wecouldn’thaveasimpleconversationwithout24.Ouronce-happyhomehadbecometenseandunhappy.Ina25eventofcommunication,mystepsonandIwerediscussingValentine’sgifts.I26thathisdadgavemeakazoo(卡祖笛)forourfirstValentine’sDay.Myreactiontothisgiftwas27whenI,aprofessionalsaxophoneplayer,couldn’tgetittomakea28.Thekazoofinallygotpackedawayand29.Buthewasinterestedandaskedtoseeit.Aftersometrouble,Ifoundit30.“What’ssohardaboutgettingasound?”heasked,amazed,turningitaroundinhishands.“Idon’tknow.Itjustnever31.”Ianswered.Myhusband32thekazoo--“It’seasy!Look,youjustdothis…”–-andheblew.Nothinghappened.Hetriedagain,butstilltherewasnosound.33,hetriedagain,onlytoproduceasoundlikeabee.Mystepsonburstintolaughter.Ourexcitementatseeinghisfacelightuplikethatwas34.Soon,wewerealllaughingtothepointoftears.Itwasasifthedarkhad35andarayofsunshinewasletin.Eyes36andsoulsreconnected.Mystepsontookaturnonthekazoo.Hedidnobetterthanus.More37.Themoodstayed38fortherestoftheevening.Monthslater,mystepson39asuccessfulkidneytransplant,whichturnedouttobeaturningpoint.Itshowedusthatwecanstill40asafamily.Thankstoasimplekazoo,werememberedthatweareone.21．A．confidence B．a(chǎn)ppearance C．treatment D．recovery22．A．goaway B．setout C．passdown D．movearound23．A．relaxed B．surprised C．relieved D．exhausted24．A．mentioning B．fighting C．changing D．developing25．A．useful B．rare C．fair D．frequent26．A．recalled B．reminded C．discovered D．predicted27．A．forgiveness B．curiosity C．embarrassment D．excitement28．A．song B．sign C．noise D．sound29．A．repaired B．sold C．forgotten D．lent30．A．eventually B．gradually C．generally D．naturally31．A．a(chǎn)greed B．refused C．disturbed D．worked32．A．returned B．grabbed C．selected D．dropped33．A．Frustrated B．Disappointed C．Pleased D．Interested34．A．normal B．slow C．obvious D．strange35．A．lifted B．fallen C．struggled D．jumped36．A．opened B．shut C．changed D．met37．A．crying B．shouting C．calling D．laughing38．A．thick B．light C．deep D．shallow39．A．damaged B．underwent C．expected D．chose40．A．survive B．grow C．bond D．control【答案】21．C22．A23．D24．B25．B26．A27．C28．D29．C30．A31．D32．B33．A34．C35．A36．D37．D38．B39．B40．C【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是繼子腎功能衰竭，需要持續(xù)治療，家庭壓力很大，氣氛緊張。作者想起以前情人節(jié)丈夫送的kazoo，但不能使它發(fā)聲，而繼子卻對它感興趣，家里又有了笑聲。繼子接受了一次成功的腎臟移植手術(shù)，作者一家仍然可以像一家人一樣和睦相處。21．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的疾病導(dǎo)致腎功能衰竭，需要持續(xù)治療。A.confidence自信；B.appearance外貌，出現(xiàn)；C.treatment治療；D.recovery恢復(fù)。根據(jù)第1空前的Hisdiseaseledtokidneyfailureandanongoingneed可知，需要持續(xù)“治療”。故選C。22．考查動詞詞組。句意：任何帶著生病孩子的人都知道，壓力是不會消失的。A.goaway走開；B.setout出發(fā)，開始；C.passdown傳下來；D.movearound走來走去。根據(jù)第2空下文，Andtherewassomuchstress.可知，壓力不會“消失”。故選A。23．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我和丈夫都累壞了，好像忘記了如何溝通。A.relaxed放松的；B.surprised感到驚訝的；C.relieved感到寬慰的；D.exhausted筋疲力盡的。根據(jù)第3空后的itwasasifweforgothowtocommunicate可知，由于繼子的生病使他們“筋疲力盡”。故選D。24．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們不吵架就無法進(jìn)行簡單的交談。A.mentioning提到；B.fighting打架，打仗；C.changing改變；D.developing發(fā)展。根據(jù)第4空后的Ouronce-happyhomehadbecometenseandunhappy.可知，他們經(jīng)?！俺臣堋?。故選B。25．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在一次罕見的交流中，我和我的繼子討論了情人節(jié)的禮物。A.useful有用的；B.rare罕見的；C.fair公平的；D.frequent頻繁的。根據(jù)上文wecouldn’thaveasimpleconversationwithout___4___.Ouronce-happyhomehadbecometenseandunhappy.和第5空后的eventofcommunication,mystepsonandIwerediscussingValentine’sgifts.可知，這是一次“罕見的”交流。故選B。26．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我記得他爸爸在我們的第一個情人節(jié)送了我一支卡祖笛。A.recalled回想起；B.reminded提醒；C.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.predicted預(yù)測。根據(jù)第6空后的hisdadgavemeakazoo(卡祖笛)forourfirstValentine’sDay.可知，此處指“回憶起”以前的事情。故選A。27．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我一個專業(yè)的薩克斯管演奏者，不能讓它發(fā)出聲音時(shí)，我對這個禮物的反應(yīng)是尷尬的。A.forgiveness寬?。籅.curiosity好奇；C.embarrassment尷尬；D.excitement興奮。此處指專業(yè)的薩克斯演奏者不能使kazoo發(fā)出聲，所以“感到尷尬”。故選C。28．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我對這個禮物的反應(yīng)是尷尬的，當(dāng)我一個專業(yè)的薩克斯管演奏者，不能讓它發(fā)出聲音。A.song歌曲；B.sign跡象，符號；C.noise噪音；D.sound聲音。此處指不能讓kazoo發(fā)出“聲音”。故選D。29．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：卡祖笛終于收拾好，被遺忘了。A.repaired修理；B.sold賣；C.forgotten忘記；D.lent借出。根據(jù)第9空前的Thekazoofinallygotpackedaway可知，把kazoo“忘記了”。故選C。30．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過一番努力，我終于找到了。A.eventually最后；B.gradually逐漸地；C.generally通常，普遍地；D.naturally自然地。根據(jù)第10空前的Buthewasinterestedandaskedtoseeit.Aftersometrouble,可知，“最后”找到了。故選A。31．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：只是從來沒有成功過。A.agreed同意；B.refused拒絕；C.disturbed干擾；D.worked工作，起作用。根據(jù)第12空后的It’seasy!Look,youjustdothis…可知，作者沒能使kazoo“發(fā)聲”。故選D。32．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我丈夫抓起了卡祖笛A.returned歸還，返回；B.grabbed捕獲；C.selected挑選；D.dropped下降，減少。根據(jù)第12空后的It’seasy!Look,youjustdothis…可知，此處指丈夫“抓起”kazoo。故選B。33．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：沮喪之余，他又試了一次，只發(fā)出像蜜蜂一樣的聲音。A.Frustrated沮喪的；B.Disappointed感到失望的；C.Pleased感到高興的；D.Interested感興趣的。根據(jù)第13空前的Hetriedagain,butstilltherewasnosound.可知，此處指“感到沮喪”。故選A。34．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：看到他的臉這樣容光煥發(fā)，我們的興奮是顯而易見的。A.normal正常的；B.slow慢的；C.obvious明顯的；D.strange奇怪的。根據(jù)第14空前的atseeinghisfacelightuplikethat可知興奮是“顯而易見的”。故選C。35．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：黑暗消失了，一縷陽光照了進(jìn)來。A.lifted煙消云散，舉起；B.fallen落下；C.struggled掙扎，奮斗；D.jumped跳躍。根據(jù)第15空后的arayofsunshinewasletin.可知，黑暗“消失”。故選A。36．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：目光相遇，心靈相通。A.opened打開；B.shut關(guān)上；C.changed改變；D.met遇見。根據(jù)第16空后的soulsreconnected.可知，目光“相遇”。故選D。37．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：更多的笑。A.crying哭；B.shouting大喊；C.calling大聲說；D.laughing大笑。根據(jù)第14空后的Soon,wewerealllaughingtothepointoftears.和第17空前的Mystepsontookaturnonthekazoo.Hedidnobetterthanus.可知，有了更多的“笑聲”。故選D。38．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：整個晚上的氣氛都很輕松。A.thick厚的；B.light輕的；C.deep深的；D.shallow淺的。根據(jù)上文的arayofsunshinewasletin.和“更多的笑聲”，可知，氣氛是“輕松的”。故選B。39．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幾個月后，我的繼子接受了一次成功的腎臟移植手術(shù)，這是一個轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。A.damaged損害；B.underwent經(jīng)歷，遭遇；C.expected期盼，預(yù)測；D.chose選擇。根據(jù)第19空后的successfulkidneytransplant,可知，此處指“經(jīng)歷”了一次手術(shù)。故選B。40．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：它向我們表明，我們?nèi)匀豢梢韵褚患胰艘粯雍湍老嗵?。A.survive幸存；B.grow生長；C.bond使結(jié)合；D.control控制。根據(jù)第20空后的asafamily.Thankstoasimplekazoo,werememberedthatweareone.可知，此處指“家庭和睦相處”。故選C。四、單項(xiàng)選擇41．Don’twasteyoursympathyonhim—hegotwhathe________.A．deserved B．explored C．dominated D．a(chǎn)ppointed【答案】A【詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：別把你的同情浪費(fèi)在他身上了——他是罪有應(yīng)得。A.deserved應(yīng)得、應(yīng)受；B.explored探索；C.dominated控制；D.appointed任命。根據(jù)Don’twasteyoursympathyonhim可知，此處指他罪有應(yīng)得。故選A。42．Youareluckytoescape________.A．punishing B．topunish C．tobepunished D．beingpunished【答案】D【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：你很幸運(yùn)，沒有受到懲罰。escapedoingsth避免做某事，根據(jù)句意可知，you與punish之間是被動關(guān)系，因此使用動名詞的被動語態(tài)beingdone。故選D。43．Itwashere______IdiscoveredthatIwasallergictothetinyflies______bitmeandmademyfaceswell.A．where;which B．that;whichC．where;that D．that;where【答案】B【詳解】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型和定語從句。句意：就是在這里，我發(fā)現(xiàn)我對小蒼蠅過敏，它們咬我，使