舒城曉天中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語一、聽力-選擇題（本大題共20小題，共30.0分）第一節(jié)（共5小題）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WheremightMrBrowngo?A.Toatheatre. B.Toabookshop. C.Toalibrary.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hello,thisisDoctorWhite.MayIspeaktoMrBrown?W:I’msorry,DoctorWhite.MrBrownhasgonetobuysomedictionaries.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Howmanylessonswillthemanhavetoreviewattheweekend?A.3. B.12. C.15.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:ProfessorClarksaidthatthemidtermexamwouldcoverthefirstfifteenlessons.M:Really?Ithoughtitwouldonlyincludethefirsttwelvelessons.ThenImustspendtheweekendgoingovertherestofthelessons.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wherearethetwospeakers?A.Inashop. B.Inarestaurant. C.Inasupermarket.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Areyoureadytoorder?W:Iseethespecialofthedayisthefish.Howisitcooked?M:It’sfriedinalittleoilwithalemonandanonion.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Takingaclasstogether.B.Gettingenoughcourses.C.Signingupforaclub.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Areyougoingtosignupforoneofthetechnologyclasses?M:Iguesswehavetoifwewanttogetenoughcoursesandcredits.W:Taketheoneat2:30withme.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Haveacupofcoffee. B.Getupearly. C.Gobackhome.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Let’sdropinhereforacupofcoffeeorsomething.W:Iwillhaveanimportantmeetingtomorrowandgetupearly.M:OK.Let’sgobacktoyourplace.第二節(jié)（共15小題）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘；聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話,回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.WhydoesthemanplantogotoAustralia?A.Becausehewantstostudythere.B.Becausehewantstodobusiness.C.Becausehewantstohaveaholiday.7.Whatshouldthemando?A.Answersomequestions. B.Fillinaform. C.Haveatest.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning!I’mcomingtoapplyforanentryvisa.Here’smypassport,andtherearethepapers.W:Sitdown,please.WhatdoyouwanttogotoAustraliafor?M:I’mgoingthereforfurtherstudy.Thisistheletterofacceptancefromtheuniversity.Andthisoneismyletterofapplication.W:Butyoustillhavetofillinanapplicationform.Hereyouare!Youcantakeithometofillout,ifyoulike.M:Thankyou.HowlongdoIhavetowaitforthevisa?W:We’llsendyoupapers,butitusuallytakesmonthsforyoutogetareply.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話,回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whatisthemandoing?A.Chairingameeting.B.Hostingaradioprogram.C.Conductingajobinterview.9.WhatbenefitsMarymostinherjob?A.Herwidereading.B.Herleaders’guidance.C.Herfriends’help.10.WhowillMarytalkaboutnext?A.Herteacher. B.Herfather. C.Hermother.【答案】8.B9.A10.C【解析】【原文】M:Dearlisteners,fortoday’sshow,Ihavewithmemycolleague,MaryLaney.ShehasbeenaradioTVreporterformanyyears.Mary,welcometoourshow.W:It’sapleasuretobehere.M:Wouldyoupleasetellourlistenerswhomostinfluencedyourdecisiontobecomeareporter?W:Bothmyparentshadagreatinfluenceuponmychoiceofwork.Insteadoftryingtopickoutajobforme,theyhelpedmelearnthosethingsthatledmetoit.M:Howdidtheydothat?W:MyfatheralwaystoldmethataneducationwasoneofthegreatestadvantagesIcouldhave,onethatwouldalwaysstaywithme.Heusedtotellmethatreaderswereleaders,andencouragedmetoreadallIcould.Asaresult,I’vealwayskeptupwiththenewspapers,faithfullyreadnewsmagazinesandlearnedtoreallyenjoybooks,allofwhichhavebeenaninvaluablehelptomeinradioandtelevisionreporting.M:Whataboutyourmother?W:Well,mymotherhelpedmeinamuchdifferentway.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話,回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】11.Howdoesthemanbookhisticket?A.OntheInternet. B.Throughafriend. C.Onthephone.12.Whichcityisthemanleavingfor?A.Houston. B.Chicago. C.NewYork.13.Whenisthemanreturning?A.OnMay5. B.OnMay2. C.OnMay6.【答案】11.C12.B13.A【解析】【原文】W:FrontierAirlines.HowmayIhelpyou?M:I’mcallingtomakeareservationforthesecondofMay.W:Yessir.Couldyougivemethecityyou’releavingfromandyourdestination,please?M:I’llbedepartingfromHouston,Texas,andflyingtoChicago,Illinois.W:Andwhendoyouwanttoreturn?M:Uh,Iwanttocomebackonthefifth.Oh,andma’am,I’dlikethecheapestflightyouhave.W:Yes,sir.Well,ifyouleaveat6amfromHoustononMaysecond,thepricefortheflightis$150.M:AndwhataboutfromChicagoonthefifth?W:That’salso$150ifyouleaveat6am.M:Great,let’sdothat.Andwouldyouhaveanyinformationaboutplacestostay?I’mgoingtoanimportantmeetingintheMichiganAvenuearea.W:Yes,sir.Butfirst,mayIhaveyourname?聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話,回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】14.Wherearethetwospeakersnow?A.InParis. B.InNewYork. C.InBeijing.15.Whatisthewomandoinginthecity?A.Sheisvisitingherhusband.B.Sheissightseeing.C.Sheisworkingthere.16.Howlonghavethetwospeakersbeenoutoftouch?A.Forthreemonths. B.Foroneyear. C.Fortwoyears.17.Whatwillthemandoafteroneyear?AGoonworkinginBeijing.B.GobacktoNewYork.C.Travelwithhisparents.【答案】14.A15.C16.C17.B【解析】【原文】M:Alice,whatasurprisetorunintoyouhere!WhendidyoucometoParis?W:Threemonthsago.M:What?Ithoughtyouwerejustsightseeinghere.Soyou’reworkingherenow.W:That’sright.NowI’mteachingEnglishinamiddleschool.M:Whydidyouwanttofindateachingjobhere?W:Well,myhusbandMarkdidn’twanttoliveinNewYork.HewantedtomovetoParis,soIcamewithhim.M:What?Whendidyougetmarried?W:Lastyear.M:Congratulations!We’vebeenoutoftouchfortwoyears.Manythingshavehappenedinthepasttwoyears.W:That’sright.Soareyouworkinghere?M:No.I’mjusttravellingherewithmyparents.IstillworkinBeijing.W:Doyouwanttosettledownthere?M:No.Myparentsdon’twanttoleaveAmerica.I’llworkthereforonemoreyear.ThenI’llgobacktoNewYork.聽下面一段獨(dú)白,回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】18.Whatdidthescientistsdototheroad?A.Theyrepairedit. B.Theypaintedit. C.Theyblockedit.19.Whyareyoungbirdsdrawntotheroadsurface?A.It’swarm. B.It’sbrown. C.It’ssmooth.20.Whatisthepurposeofthescientists’experiment?A.Tokeepthebirdsthereforawholeyear.B.Tohelpstudentsstudythebirdswell.C.Topreventthebirdsfrombeingkilled.【答案】18.B19.A20.C【解析】【原文】Hereisapieceofnewsforbirdlovers.Scientistshavepaintedalongroad,red,yellow,andwhite.Theyhopetodiscouragetheseabirdsfromwanderingontothehighway.“Theareaishometolargecrowdsofbirdsthatcometostayfortheseason.Youngbirdsareoftenattractedtothewarmroadsurfaceandgetkilledbythetraffic,”biologystudentHannahtellsthebroadcaster.Theyoungsters’feathersarebrownincolor.Thedark-coloredroadsurfacemakestheyoungstershardtobenoticed.Asthenumberoftouristshasgrown,sohastheamountoftrafficontheroads.BiologistKristinsaystheplanistoseehowthebirdsrespondtothemulti-coloredroadthissummer.Andifitworks,theideacouldspreadtootherpartsofthecountry.二、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題,共37.5分）AYourcreativityandideascanhelpotherteachers.Submityourartlessonplanoractivitytoday.Don’tforgettoincludeadditionalresourcedocumentsoraphoto.WetChalkPaintingGrades:K-4thLessonPlanObjectives:Developmentoffinemotorskills(協(xié)調(diào)性)andcreativelyexpressingthechild’sideasandthoughtsbyanewmedium.MaterialsNeeded:Coloredchalk,water,drawingpaper,sponge,andnewspapers.LessonProcedure:Dipthecoloredchalkintowateranddrawonthepaper.Anotherwayistoputthedrawingpaperonnewspapers,dampenitwithawetsponge,andthendraw.Submittedby:JackSidewalkDrawingGrades:K-5thLessonPlanObjectives:Developmentofthecreativeprocessbydoingartisticdrawingsinanewwayanddevelopmentoffineandgrossmotorskills(全身協(xié)調(diào)性).MaterialsNeeded:Sidewalkoroutdoorchalkandlotsofsidewalk.LessonProcedure:Givethechildrenthechalkandletthemdrawwhatevertheychooseonthesidewalk.Youmayalsoconsiderusingthisinteachingsomeotherlessons(i.e.science).Submittedby:PeterRose-ColoredLorgnetteGrades:AnyMaterialsNeeded:Halfaneggcarton(包裝盒),scissors,glue,coloredpaper,scotchtape(通明膠帶)andaseveninchstick.LessonPlanObjectives:Childwillconstructanobjectthatallowsthemtoviewtheworldinavarietyofcolorsandwilllearnwhycertainobjectsintheircoloredenvironmentlookthewaytheydowhencertaincolorsaremixed.LessonPlanProcedure:Cutwindowsinthebumpsofhalfaneggcarton.Gluecirclesofcoloredcellophaneoverthewindowswithrubbercement.Tapeonastickforaholder.Submittedby:Jennifer21.WhichartlessonplanispresentedbyJennifer?A.WetChalkPainting. B.SidewalkDrawing.C.Rose-ColoredLorgnette. D.RainbowFan.22.WhatcommonmaterialdoesWetChalkPaintingandSidewalkDrawingrequire?A.Scissors. B.Chalk. C.Stick. D.Sponge.23.Rose-ColoredLorgnetteisaimedat___.A.encouragingthechildtopaintatwill B.developingthechild’smotorskillsC.expressingthechild’sideasandthoughts D.betteringthechild’sunderstandingofcolors【答案】21.C22.B23.D【解析】【分析】這是一則廣告。文章主要介紹了三種美術(shù)課程的信息。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Rose-ColoredLorgnetteGrades:Any部分中Submittedby:Jennifer(由Jennifer提出)可知，Rose-ColoredLorgnette是由Jennifer提出的。故選C。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WetChalkPaintingGrades:K-4th部分中MaterialsNeeded:Coloredchalk,water,drawingpaper,sponge,andnewspapers.(所需材料:彩色粉筆、水、圖畫紙、海綿和報(bào)紙)以及SidewalkDrawingGrades:K-5th部分中MaterialsNeeded:Sidewalkoroutdoorchalkandlotsofsidewalk.(所需材料:人行道或戶外粉筆和大量人行道)可知濕粉筆畫和人行道畫需要粉筆。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Rose-ColoredLorgnetteGrades:Any部分中LessonPlanObjectives:Childwillconstructanobjectthatallowsthemtoviewtheworldinavarietyofcolorsandwilllearnwhycertainobjectsintheircoloredenvironmentlookthewaytheydowhencertaincolorsaremixed.(課程目標(biāo)：讓孩子建構(gòu)一個(gè)物體，讓他們以不同的顏色來觀察世界，并讓他們了解為什么某些物體在有顏色的環(huán)境中會(huì)呈現(xiàn)出不同的顏色)可知，Rose-ColoredLorgnette旨在提高孩子對(duì)顏色的理解。故選D。【點(diǎn)睛】文章主題和中心思想的闡述往往需要大量細(xì)節(jié)信息的支持，這些細(xì)節(jié)對(duì)于理解全文內(nèi)容至關(guān)重要，同時(shí)也是歸納和概括文章中心思想的基礎(chǔ)。命題人往往會(huì)要求考生根據(jù)不同的要求閱讀文章，以獲得某些特定的信息，或準(zhǔn)確地尋求所需的細(xì)節(jié)，并對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行直接或間接辨認(rèn)和理解。文章細(xì)節(jié)的理解可以細(xì)化為：（1）一一對(duì)應(yīng)型。（2）語言轉(zhuǎn)述型。（3）語意理解型。（4）是非辨別型。（5）事實(shí)排序型。如第一小題一一對(duì)應(yīng)型。根據(jù)Rose-ColoredLorgnetteGrades:Any部分中Submittedby:Jennifer(由Jennifer提出)可知，Rose-ColoredLorgnette是由Jennifer提出的。故選C。BForCanaanElementary’ssecondgradeinPatchogue,N.Y.,todayisspeechday,andrightnowit’sChrisPalaez’sturn.The8-year-oldisthejokeroftheclass.Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemslikethekindofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.Buthe’snervous.“I’mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould…should…”Christripsonthe“-ld,”apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.“…Votefor…me…”Exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.Asonofimmigrants,ChrisstaredlearningEnglishalittleoverthreeyearsago.Whaleyrecalls(回想起)howatthebeginningoftheyear,whencalledupontoread,Chriswouldexcusehimselftogotothebathroom.LearningEnglishasasecondlanguagecanbeapainfulexperience.Whatyouneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.“Ittakesalotforanystudent,”Whaleyexplains,“especiallyforastudentwhoislearningEnglishastheirnewlanguage,tofeelconfidentenoughtosay,‘Idon’tknow,butIwanttoknow.’”Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.Theanswerbrokehisheart.Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast(夸耀)aboutthemselves.“Boastingaboutyourself,andyourbestqualities,”Whaleysays,“isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.”24.WhatmadeChrisnervous?A.Tellingastory. B.Makingaspeech.C.Takingatest. D.Answeringaquestion.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stumbles”inparagraph2referto?A.Improperpauses. B.Badmanners. C.Spellingmistakes. D.Sillyjokes.26.WecaninferthatthepurposeofWhaley’sprojectisto_________.A.helpstudentsseetheirownstrengthsB.assessstudents’publicspeakingskillsC.preparestudentsfortheirfuturejobsD.inspirestudents’loveforpolitics27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWhaleyasateacher?A.Humorous. B.Ambitious. C.Caring. D.Demanding.【答案】24.B25.A26.A27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文屬于記敘文。文章講述了紐約一所小學(xué)二年級(jí)的老師樹立信心，看到自己的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，發(fā)起一項(xiàng)總統(tǒng)競(jìng)選演講活動(dòng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“todayisspeechday(今天是演講日)”和“Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemslikethekindofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.(他有著明亮的黑眼睛，似乎是那種喜歡公開演講的孩子。)”以及第二段第一句“Buthe’snervous.(但是他很緊張。)”可知，Chris是因?yàn)樽鲅葜v緊張，故選B。【25題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段““I’mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould…should…”Christripsonthe“-ld,”apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.(“我今天在這里告訴你為什么你應(yīng)該……應(yīng)該……”克里斯說到了“-ld”，這是許多非英語母語人士的發(fā)音困難。)”可知，他發(fā)ld困難，故推知是他有些結(jié)巴，停頓不準(zhǔn)確，stumbles的意思是“不適當(dāng)?shù)耐ｎD”，即Improperpauses，故選A?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast(夸耀)aboutthemselves.(威利說，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目不僅僅是學(xué)習(xí)在公眾面前閱讀和說話。他想讓這些孩子學(xué)會(huì)自我吹噓。)”以及最后一段““Boastingaboutyourself,andyourbestqualities,”Whaleysays,“isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.”(“吹噓自己和自己最好的品質(zhì)，”威利說，“對(duì)于一個(gè)走進(jìn)教室卻不自信的孩子來說是非常困難的。”)”可知，Whaley老師這么做是為了幫助學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)自己的優(yōu)勢(shì)，培養(yǎng)自信，故選A?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.(威利的這個(gè)二年級(jí)總統(tǒng)競(jìng)選項(xiàng)目的靈感來自于他有一天讓孩子們舉起手，如果他們認(rèn)為自己永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)成為總統(tǒng)。)”和“Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast(夸耀)aboutthemselves.(他想讓這些孩子學(xué)會(huì)自我吹噓。)”可知，這位老師很關(guān)心學(xué)生的成長(zhǎng)。故選C。CMuchofthepublicdebatearoundearlychildhoodeducationcomesdowntowhichmattersmore：academicsorplay.That'safalsedilemma.Playisreallythewaythatyoungchildrenlearnandguidedplayisthekey.It'sawaythattheyexperiencetheworld,andithelpsthemlearnmoredeeply.Weshouldbeconcernedthatthe“skillanddrill”approachtoteachingacademicsismostfrequentlyusedinclassroomsservingat-riskpreschoolers,inanattempttoclosethegaponschoolreadiness.Unfortunately,theseteachingmethodscanturnyoungkidsofftoschoolandintroducesthepossibilityofshameandanxiety.46Skillanddrill”doesn'tteachkidsthecuriosityandcritical(批判的）thinkingskillsthattheyneedtodevelopinearlychildhood.However,purefreeplay—anapproachadvocatedmorefrequentlybywealthiergroups—alsomissesthemark.“Ihearalotaboutjust‘freeplayclassrooms’.”ButSuzanneBouffard,aneducationresearcher,saidifitonlyinvolvessettingoutmaterialsandnotthinkingaboutlearninggoals,there’sarealmissedopportunity.Forexample,shesaid,researchershavefoundthatchildrenusedmorecomplexlanguageaboutbuildingactivitieswhentheyhadagoalinmind.Whateffectivepreschoolsaimforis“guidedplay”，inwhichadultscreateapurposefulplayenvironmentthatencouragesstudentstoexplore，F(xiàn)orexample,insettingupblocks,ateachermightputuppicturesofbuildingstoinspirekids.Theymayaskstudents,“Whatareyoudoing?”andgentlypushkids’thinkingbyofferingnewinformation.Ofcourse,theabilitytofindthisbalancerestswithteachers.Goodteachersmakeitlookreallyeasy，That'swhyit'sreallyimportantthatweinvest(投入）inteachersandgivethemthetrainingtoguideplaywithoutoverlycontrollingitandtoencouragekidstodevelopanunderstandingoflettersandnumberswithout“skillanddrill”.28.Whichofthefollowingmattersmostinearlychildhoodeducation?A.Havingguidedplay. B.Learningafterplay.C.Seeingtheworld. D.Studyingacademiccourses.29.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“skillanddrill”approach?A.Itworksbestforpreschoolers.B.Ithelpsdevelopkids’curiosity.C.Itlimitskids’development.D.Itbridgesthegaponschoolreadiness.30.Whichoffollowingbestexplains“missesthemark”underlinedinParagraph3?A.Meetslearninggoals. B.Losespointsinexams.C.Troublestheclassroom. D.Failstoachievethegoal.31.Whydoesateacherputuppicturesofbuildings?A.Toencouragethekidstocopy.B.Toofferextrainformation.C.Tosharetheteachingpurposewiththekids.D.Toinspirethekidstoexplore.【答案】28.A29.C30.D31.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了有引導(dǎo)的玩耍對(duì)幼兒教育是最重要的?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“guidedplayisthekey.”可知，有引導(dǎo)的玩耍對(duì)幼兒教育最重要，故A項(xiàng)正確?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Skillanddrill”doesn'tteachkidsthecuriosityandcriticalthinkingskillsthattheyneedtodevelopinearlychildhood.”可知，“技能和訓(xùn)練”并不能教會(huì)孩子們?cè)谕暝缙谛枰囵B(yǎng)的好奇心和批判性思維能力，也就是說“技能和訓(xùn)練”方法會(huì)限制孩子的發(fā)展，故C項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。上一段說“技能和訓(xùn)練”并不能教會(huì)孩子們?cè)谕暝缙谛枰囵B(yǎng)的好奇心和批判性思維能力，不會(huì)促進(jìn)孩子的學(xué)習(xí)，畫線詞前的also表明此處和前面的情況一樣，即：純粹的自由玩耍也不會(huì)促進(jìn)孩子的學(xué)習(xí)，由此可知畫線部分的意思是“未能達(dá)到（促進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)的）目標(biāo)”，故D項(xiàng)正確?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“inwhichadultscreateapurposefulplayenvironmentthatencouragesstudentstoexplore，F(xiàn)orexample,insettingupblocks,ateachermightputuppicturesofbuildingstoinspirekids”可知，老師張貼建筑物的圖片是要啟發(fā)孩子去探索，故D項(xiàng)正確?！军c(diǎn)睛】本篇第3題詞義猜測(cè)題的難度較大，對(duì)上一段“技能和訓(xùn)練”的弊端的理解是關(guān)鍵，上一段說“技能和訓(xùn)練”并不能教會(huì)孩子們?cè)谕暝缙谛枰囵B(yǎng)的好奇心和批判性思維能力，甚至還會(huì)讓孩子產(chǎn)生厭學(xué)情緒，這種方法不會(huì)促進(jìn)孩子的學(xué)習(xí)，畫線詞前的also表明此處和前面的情況一樣，即：純粹的自由玩耍也不會(huì)促進(jìn)孩子的學(xué)習(xí)，由此可知畫線部分的意思是“未能達(dá)到（促進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)的）目標(biāo)”。DLearningNewVocabularyDuringDeepSleepSleepingtimeissometimesconsideredunproductivetime.Thisraisesthequestionwhetherthetimespentduringsleepingcouldbeusedmoreproductively,e.g.forlearninganewlanguage?Sleepresearchtodatefocusedonthestabilizationandstrengtheningofmemoriesthathadbeenformedduringpreviouswakefulness.However,learningduringsleephasrarelybeenexamined.Thereisconsiderableevidenceforwake-learnedinformationundergoingrevisionbyareplayinthesleepingbrain.Thereplayduringsleepstrengthensthestillweakmemorytracesandembeds(嵌入)thenewlyacquiredinformationinthepreexistingstoreofknowledge.Ifthereplayduringsleepimprovesthestorageofwake-learnedinformation,thenfirst-play,i.e.theinitialprocessingofnewinformation,shouldalsobepossibleduringsleep.TheresearchgroupofKatharinaHenkeexaminedwhetherasleepingpersonisabletoformnewsemanticassociationsbetweenplayedforeignwordsandtranslationwordsduringthebraincells’activestates,theso-called“Up-states”.Itturnedouttobethatwhattheythoughtwasreasonable.Whenwereachdeepsleepstages,ourbraincellsprogressivelycoordinatetheiractivity.Duringdeepsleep,thebraincellsarecommonlyactiveforabriefperiodoftimebeforetheyjointlyenterintoastateofbriefinactivity.Theactivestateiscalled“Up-state”andtheinactivestate“Down-state”.Thetwostatesalternate(交替)abouteveryhalf-second.Newevidenceforsleep-learningchallengescurrenttheoriesofsleepandtheoriesofmemory.Theconceptofsleepasanencapsulated(被概括的)mentalstate,inwhichweareseparatedfromthephysicalenvironmentisnolongerreasonable.“Wecoulddisprovethatcomplexlearningbeimpossibleduringdeepsleep,”saysSimonRuch,co-first-author.“Inhowfarandwithwhatconsequencesdeepsleepcanbeappliedtotheacquisitionofnewinformationwillbeatopicofresearchinupcomingyears,”saysKatharinaHenke.TheresearchgroupofKatharinaHenkeispartoftheInterfacultyResearchCooperation(IRC).Thirteenresearchgroupsinmedicine,biology,psychologyandinformationsciencearepartoftheIRC.Theaimoftheseresearchgroupsistogainabetterunderstandingofthemechanismsinvolvedinsleep,consciousnessandcognition.32.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?A.“Up-state”and“Down-state”appearinturnduringdeepsleep.B.“Up-states”isanothernameforthebraincells’activestates.C.Semanticassociationsareimportantforlanguagelearning.D.Thebraincells’activestatesarecentralforsleep-learning.33.Whatwillresearchersdowithinseveralyearsaccordingtothepassage?A.Makestudyinthefollowingfieldssuchasmedicineandbiology.B.Separateusfromthephysicalenvironment.C.Applydeepsleeptoinformationlearning.D.Discovertheconceptofsleep.34.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroduceanewwayofvocabularylearning.B.Togainabetterunderstandingofthemechanisms.C.Tochallengecurrenttheoriesofsleepandtheoriesofmemory.D.Toexplainthepossibilityofvocabularylearningduringdeepsleep.35.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Anovel. B.Aguidebook. C.Ascientificresearchwebsite. D.Adiary.【答案】32.D33.C34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章通過一項(xiàng)研究論證了在深度睡眠中學(xué)習(xí)新詞匯的可能性?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“TheresearchgroupofKatharinaHenkeexaminedwhetherasleepingpersonisabletoformnewsemanticassociationsbetweenplayedforeignwordsandtranslationwordsduringthebraincells’activestates,theso-called“Up-states”.Itturnedouttobethatwhattheythoughtwasreasonable.(卡塔琳娜·亨克的研究小組研究了一個(gè)睡覺的人在腦細(xì)胞活躍狀態(tài)下，即所謂的“向上狀態(tài)”，是否能夠在外來詞和翻譯詞之間形成新的語義聯(lián)系。事實(shí)證明，他們認(rèn)為的事情是合理的)”可推知，腦細(xì)胞的活躍狀態(tài)是睡眠學(xué)習(xí)的核心。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Inhowfarandwithwhatconsequencesdeepsleepcanbeappliedtotheacquisitionofnewinformationwillbeatopicofresearchinupcomingyears(深度睡眠在獲取新信息方面的應(yīng)用程度和影響將是未來幾年的研究主題)”可知，研究人員將在幾年內(nèi)將深度睡眠應(yīng)用于信息學(xué)習(xí)。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Thisraisesthequestionwhetherthetimespentduringsleepingcouldbeusedmoreproductively,e.g.forlearninganewlanguage?(這就提出了一個(gè)問題:睡眠時(shí)間是否可以被更有效地利用，比如用于學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言？)”提出是否可以更有效地利用睡眠時(shí)間，例如用于學(xué)習(xí)一種新語言？第二段回答該問題。第三段通過研究證明了第二段的猜想。最后兩段進(jìn)行了補(bǔ)充說明?？赏浦?，解釋深度睡眠中詞匯學(xué)習(xí)的可能性。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Sleepresearchtodatefocusedonthestabilizationandstrengtheningofmemoriesthathadbeenformedduringpreviouswakefulness.However,learningduringsleephasrarelybeenexamined.(迄今為止的睡眠研究主要集中在穩(wěn)定和加強(qiáng)之前清醒時(shí)形成的記憶。然而，睡眠中的學(xué)習(xí)很少被研究過)”；第三段“TheresearchgroupofKatharinaHenkeexaminedwhetherasleepingpersonisabletoformnewsemanticassociationsbetweenplayedforeignwordsandtranslationwordsduringthebraincells’activestates,theso-called“Up-states”.(卡塔琳娜·亨克的研究小組研究了一個(gè)睡覺的人在腦細(xì)胞活躍狀態(tài)下，即所謂的“向上狀態(tài)”，是否能夠在外來詞和翻譯詞之間形成新的語義聯(lián)系)”結(jié)合文章主旨是在深度睡眠中學(xué)習(xí)新詞匯方面的科學(xué)研究，可以推斷出，本文可能出自一個(gè)科研網(wǎng)站，故選C。三、閱讀七選五（本大題共1小題,共12.5分）HowtoBuildaStudent’sSelf-confidenceEducatingstudentsmeansmorethangivingthemacademicknowledge.Simplyknowingacorrectresponsedoesn’tgiveastudenttheconfidencetoraisehishandtoansweraquestion.Studentsperformbestinconstructivelearningenvironments.___36___Provideleadershipopportunitiesforstudents.Cultivate(培養(yǎng))importantcharacteristics,includingresponsibilityandindependencebyassigningstudentstotakedifferentclassroomroles.Suitablejobsincludehallmonitors,audiovisualassistantsandclassroomhelpers.___37___Setachievablegoalsforeachstudent.___38___Talkwiththemaboutyourexpectationsandtheirindividualprogress.Rewardstudentsformeetingchallenges,whilepersuadingstrugglingstudentsbackontrack.Giveconstructivefeedbacktohelpreduceweaknessesandstrengthenstrengths.Teachstudentsthatself-confidenceisn’tbuiltfrompraise.Remainhonestwitheachstudenttoencouragethemtospeakouttheirproblems,insteadofavoidingordenyingtheirexistence.Makecorrectionswithoutdamagingyourstudents’confidence.Encouragestudentstosethighstandardsforthem-selves.___39___Reinforce(強(qiáng)化)thismessagewithexamplesandliterature.___40___Realizethatconqueringdifficulttasksbuildsmentaltoughnessandcultivatespersistence.Relaythismessagetoyourstudentsbyaskingeachonetowriteagoalthatfocusesonimprovingaweakarea.Helpyourstudentsdeveloprelevantattackplans.A.Pushstudentstoimprovetheirweaknesses.B.Self-confidencegamescanhelpstudentsofallages.C.Tellyourstudentsthattheyareabletoachievegreatachievements.D.Theyareuselessinhelpingstudentssucceedinthefuture.E.Youcanreducetheirdoubtswithvariousactivitiesthatbuildconfidence.F.Masteringsomedutiescanhelpbuildconfidenceanderasethefearoftryingnewexperiences.G.Realizethatovercomingself-doubttoachieveobjectivescanhelpbuildstudents’confidence.【答案】36.E37.F38.G39.C40.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章告訴我們一些如何培養(yǎng)學(xué)生自信的建議。教育學(xué)生并非只是傳授學(xué)生學(xué)術(shù)知識(shí)，培養(yǎng)自信對(duì)于學(xué)生的學(xué)業(yè)成功來說非常重要?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Educatingstudentsmeansmorethangivingthemacademicknowledge.Simplyknowingacorrectresponsedoesn’tgiveastudenttheconfidencetoraisehishandtoansweraquestion.Studentsperformbestinconstructivelearningenvironments.(教育學(xué)生不僅僅意味著給他們學(xué)術(shù)知識(shí)。僅僅知道正確的答案并不能給學(xué)生舉手回答問題的信心。學(xué)生在建設(shè)性的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境中表現(xiàn)最好)”提到了信心無法從正確答案中建立，以及下文列舉了一系列老師可以采取的培養(yǎng)學(xué)生自信心的措施，故E項(xiàng)“你可以采用各種各樣的活動(dòng)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的自信心，以減少他們對(duì)自己的懷疑”符合語境。故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Provideleadershipopportunitiesforstudents.Cultivate(培養(yǎng))importantcharacteristics,includingresponsibilityandindependencebyassigningstudentstotakedifferentclassroomroles.Suitablejobsincludehallmonitors,audiovisualassistantsandclassroomhelpers.(為學(xué)生提供領(lǐng)導(dǎo)機(jī)會(huì)。通過分配學(xué)生在課堂上扮演不同的角色，培養(yǎng)他們的重要性格，包括責(zé)任感和獨(dú)立性。合適的工作包括大廳管理員、視聽助理和課堂助手)”可知，本段論述了給學(xué)生提供展示領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力的機(jī)會(huì)，如讓學(xué)生擔(dān)任不同的課堂角色或者安排不同的任務(wù)以培養(yǎng)其責(zé)任感，故F項(xiàng)“承擔(dān)一些職責(zé)有助于培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的自信心，消除學(xué)生對(duì)嘗試新體驗(yàn)的恐懼”符合語境。故選F?！?8題詳解】本段的主題句“Setachievablegoalsforeachstudent.(為每個(gè)學(xué)生設(shè)定可實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo))”提到為每一個(gè)學(xué)生設(shè)立可實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)，設(shè)空后“Talkwiththemaboutyourexpectationsandtheirindividualprogress.Rewardstudentsformeetingchallenges,whilepersuadingstrugglingstudentsbackontrack.(和他們談?wù)勀愕钠谕退麄兊膫€(gè)人進(jìn)步。獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)迎接挑戰(zhàn)的學(xué)生，同時(shí)說服苦苦掙扎的學(xué)生回到正軌)”提到你對(duì)他們的期待和他們的個(gè)人進(jìn)步，可知本句是在說明通過可實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)來增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的信心。故G項(xiàng)“認(rèn)識(shí)到克服自我懷疑以實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)有助于增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的自信心”符合語境。故選G?！?9題詳解】設(shè)空前“Encouragestudentstosethighstandardsforthem-selves.(鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生為自己設(shè)定高標(biāo)準(zhǔn))”提到鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生設(shè)置高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，其中的“encourage”與C項(xiàng)中的“abletoachievegreatachievements”相呼應(yīng)，故C項(xiàng)“告訴學(xué)生他們可以取得重大的成就”符合語境。故選C?！?0題詳解】設(shè)空處為本段的中心句，根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Realizethatconqueringdifficulttasksbuildsmentaltoughnessandcultivatespersistence.Relaythismessagetoyourstudentsbyaskingeachonetowriteagoalthatfocusesonimprovingaweakarea.(要意識(shí)到征服困難的任務(wù)能培養(yǎng)堅(jiān)韌的精神和堅(jiān)持不懈的精神。把這個(gè)信息傳遞給你的學(xué)生，讓他們每個(gè)人都寫一個(gè)目標(biāo)，專注于改善一個(gè)薄弱的領(lǐng)域。)”可知本段主要論述了通過改善自身的弱點(diǎn)可以培養(yǎng)意志力，故A項(xiàng)“鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生改善自身弱點(diǎn)”符合語境。故選A。四、完形填空（共15題：每題1分,滿分15分）AColoradopairbringsnewmeaningtotheword“determination”.Whenonecouldn’twalkandtheothercouldn’tsee,they___41___uptosharetheirlove