第一部分

教材知識(shí)講練選擇性必修第四冊(cè)UNIT1

SCIENCEFICTION續(xù)寫語(yǔ)料積累背誦·句之美1.(行為描寫)Sureenough,thedogwouldfetch,sit,stay,rollover,andliedownfollowingtheorders.2.(心理描寫)AsenseofstrengthimmediatelyreplacedthemountingfearandanxietyinJane'smind.3.(背景描寫)Nearthetop,thicksnowblanketedthepath.續(xù)寫語(yǔ)料積累欣賞·語(yǔ)之秀Thebrothersweresoonboredwithadultconversation,wentoutandwanderedintotheforest.Talltreesstretcheduptotheheavenswithlargebranchescrossingeachother,whileyoungonesrosestraightlikesoldiers.語(yǔ)基自主檢測(cè)·目標(biāo)確立核心單詞1._______vt.懸；掛；暫停；暫緩2._______vt.讓(某人)離開(kāi)；解散；解雇；消除3.______n.勞動(dòng)(者)；體力勞動(dòng)

vi.奮斗；努力工作4._____vt.(去)拿來(lái)；(去)請(qǐng)來(lái)5.____________n.手帕；紙巾6.______n.薪水；薪金suspenddismisslabourfetchhandkerchiefsalary核心單詞7._______n.莊重；莊嚴(yán)；尊嚴(yán)8._____n.英寸(長(zhǎng)度單位，等于2.54厘米)9.______n.侄女；外甥女10.______n.意外收獲；獎(jiǎng)金；紅利11._________adj.最大極限的

n.最大量；最大限度dignityinchniecebonusmaximum語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用(用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)1.Hovering(懸停),thehummingbirdapproachedwithinsix______(inch)ofmyface.2.Wehavebeen_________(labour)alldayinthefields,feelingtiredandsleepy.3.Thematchhadjustbegunwhentheheavensopenedandplay_____________(suspend).incheslabouringwassuspended語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用(用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)4.YanggeisatraditionalChinesefolkdancewhereperformersdancetomusicwith_____________(handkerchief)orfansintheirhands.5.Adoctoristheretotreatandtocure,not__________(dismiss)anyoneasahopelesscase.6.MywifeandIareplanningacross-countryjourneytoParistoattendmy_______(niece)weddingonthe18th.7.Thevillagersusedtowalkamile________(fetch)waterbutnowtheycangetcleanwatereasily.handkerchiefstodismissniece'stofetch派生單詞1.calculatevt.計(jì)算；核算；預(yù)測(cè)→__________n.計(jì)算→__________n.計(jì)算器2.dividevt.分開(kāi)；除；除以→________n.分開(kāi)；分隔；差異；除(法)3.randomadj.隨機(jī)的；不可思議的→________adv.隨機(jī)；隨意4.explodevi.&vt.爆炸；爆破→_________n.爆炸；爆破calculationcalculatordivisionrandomlyexplosion派生單詞5.mudn.泥；泥漿→_______adj.泥濘的；渾濁的6.guiltn.內(nèi)疚；悔恨；犯罪；罪行→______adj.內(nèi)疚的；有罪的；有過(guò)失的7.appointvt.任命；委派；約定時(shí)間→___________n.預(yù)約；約會(huì)；委任muddyguiltyappointment語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用(用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)1.Itis__________thatwewillspendabouttwohourscompletingthe___________ofthetotalifweuse___________.(calculate)2.Inherstudy,participantswere_______intoseveralgroups,eachhavingthesame________oftimeandresources.(divide)3.Thesurveyuseda_______sampleoftwothousandpeopleacrossEngland,whowere________selectedbycomputer.(random)calculatedcalculationcalculatorsdivideddivisionrandomrandomly語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用(用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)4.Abomb________inthecentreofthecityandthe_________killedmorethan100people.(explode)5.Aftertheheavyrain,thepathwascoveredwith____andbecamevery_______,makingitdifficulttowalk.(mud)6.Cheatingdestroysself-respect,leavingthecheater______andafraidofgettingcaught.(guilt)explodedexplosionmudmuddyguilty高頻短語(yǔ)1.________

檢驗(yàn)；測(cè)試2._____________事物的利與弊；支持與反對(duì)3.___________比……更好；更勝一籌4._________占上風(fēng)；取而代之；接管；接手5.________關(guān)掉；熄滅；在場(chǎng)；使朝外；結(jié)果是6._________(逐漸)減少；消失7._________更確切地說(shuō)testoutprosandconssuperiortotakeoverturnoutfallawayorrather語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用(選用左欄短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空)1.Astheyearswentby,thepublic'sinterestinthemurdercase________.2.Hisworkisto________newdesignsofcarsbeforetheyareputonthemarket.3.Whowill_________thecompanyafterMrHoweretiresnextmonth?4.Thecomputerwalked—_________,rolled—awaywith5,000dollarsinprizemoneyafterdefeatingchessmasterViktorProzorove.fellawaytestouttakeoverorrather語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用(選用左欄短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空)5.Thechildrenkeptplayinguntiltheirmothercameroundto________thelights.6.I'vepersonallyneversubscribedtotheviewthateithersexis__________theother.turnout

superiorto原句結(jié)構(gòu)辨識(shí)寫作佳句背誦1.

there置于句首的全部倒裝句Assheturnedaround，therestoodGladysClaffern.在青蔥翠綠的河岸之間有一條小溪，潺潺流過(guò)，波光粼粼。_____________________rushingandsparklingalongbetweengreenbanks.(續(xù)寫之景物描寫)Thereliesalittlebrook原句結(jié)構(gòu)辨識(shí)寫作佳句背誦2.asif從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣Thesunandmoonlookedasiftheywerebeingthrownacrossthesky，butsoontherewasdivisionbetweennightandday.周圍什么也沒(méi)有，有的只是寂靜的空曠，仿佛整個(gè)世界都屏住了呼吸。Aroundthemtherewasnothingbutsilence,asif______________________________________.(續(xù)寫之場(chǎng)景描寫)thewholeworldwereholdingitsbreath考點(diǎn)歸納探究·精準(zhǔn)講練1.declare

vt.[課本義]表明；宣稱；公布[增補(bǔ)義]申報(bào)(納稅品、收入等)①WhentheOlympicGames_____________(declare)open,allthepeopleinthestadiumburstintocheers.②Shehadnothing__________(declare),andwasstartingtogothroughthe“Green”channelwhenshewasstopped.③(2019·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrene________(declare)shehadnoplanstoretirefromher36-year-oldbusiness.weredeclaredtodeclaredeclared經(jīng)過(guò)仔細(xì)考慮，她宣布支持新機(jī)場(chǎng)計(jì)劃。①Aftercarefulconsideration,she____________thenewairportplan.②Aftercarefulconsideration,shedeclaredthat____________________thenewairportplan.declaredforshewasinfavourof

declaresth宣布某事

declare...(tobe)...宣布……為/是……

declarefor/against...表示贊成/反對(duì)……

declarethat...宣告；宣稱……

declaretheexhibitionopen/closed宣布展覽開(kāi)幕/閉幕

declarewaronthatcountry向那個(gè)國(guó)家宣戰(zhàn)

declareagainstbuildinganewbridge宣布反對(duì)建造新橋2.pace

[課本義]n.速度；步伐；節(jié)奏

vt.&vi.確定速度；調(diào)整節(jié)奏[增補(bǔ)義]v.慢步走；踱步①Verylateatnight,shefoundJohn______(pace)upanddownhisflat,unabletofallasleep.②Studentsinmyschoolstudyat_____(they)ownpace,andtheteachersseldomsetexams.③Intheevening,ridesareusually__amorerelaxedandunhurriedpace.pacingtheirat在茂密的森林中，他不得不謹(jǐn)慎地前行，時(shí)刻都可能遭遇危險(xiǎn)。Hehadto_______________________inthedenseforest,wheredangercouldariseatanytime.proceedatameasuredpace

ata(n)...pace以……的速度

atone'sownpace按自己的進(jìn)度

keeppacewithsb/sth與某人/某物并駕齊驅(qū)/步調(diào)一致

paceupanddown來(lái)回踱步

marchatasteadypace穩(wěn)步行進(jìn)

gatherpace越來(lái)越快；加速

slowdownthepaceoflife放慢生活節(jié)奏3.urge

n.強(qiáng)烈的欲望；沖動(dòng)

vt.催促；力勸；大力推薦①ThesummervacationisdrawingnearandIhave___urgetotravelaround.②Somespecialistsurgedthatthegovernment_____________(take)effectivemeasurestoconserveChina'sculturalheritage.③Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurge_______(snack)betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.an

(should)taketosnack在那一刻，我感到極度尷尬，然而我頑強(qiáng)地抑制住了逃離舞臺(tái)的沖動(dòng)。Iwasveryembarrassedatthatmoment,butI_______________________________.foughttheurgetorunoffthestage

theurgetodosth做某事的渴望

haveanurgetodosth渴望做某事

urgesbon催促、激勵(lì)、鞭策某人

urgesbtodosth催促某人做某事

urgethat...(should)dosth極力主張……做某事

Itisurgedthat...(should)dosth.堅(jiān)決要求……做某事。

urgehertoreconsiderherdecision勸說(shuō)她重新考慮她的決定

asuddenurgetoscream突然想大聲喊叫

beurgedonbythecrowd受到觀眾的激勵(lì)4.ona...basis

根據(jù)；以……的方式(基準(zhǔn))①Someeconomistsmadethispredictiononthebasis____housepriceswerestillontherise.②Hissurveyshaveprovidedthemostexplicitstatementsofhow,and__whatbasis,dataarecollected.③(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)AnewexhibitioninHalifaxuseseverydayactivitiestoexplainthehiddenmathprincipleswealluseonaregular_____(base).thatonbasis(普通表達(dá))Everydaymymotherremindsmethatlifegoeson.(高級(jí)表達(dá))________________mymotherremindsmethatlifegoeson.

onaregularbasis例行地；有規(guī)律地；定期地

onadaily/weeklybasis每天/每周

onthebasisof...基于；因?yàn)?/p>

onthebasisthat...基于；因?yàn)镺nadailybasis

onafirst-namebasiswithhim和他關(guān)系非常好

onthebasisofageandsocialclass基于年齡和社會(huì)階層

onthebasisthatthemovieistooviolent因?yàn)殡娪疤┝?.turnout

關(guān)掉；熄滅；在場(chǎng)；使朝外；結(jié)果是①(2023·全國(guó)乙卷)____itturnedout,DouglasdidexactlywhatsheneededtodotobecomeOlympicchampionwhenshedefeatedtwoRussians.②__turnedoutnoonegotbadlyhurt,buttheoutcomecouldhavebeenawful.③Thebookturnsout_____(be)onethathasappealedtotheworldformorethan350years.AsIttobe出乎意料的是，人們結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)這是一個(gè)歷史悠久、文化底蘊(yùn)深厚的古鎮(zhèn)，令人著迷。Surprisingly,_____________________thiswassofascinatinganancienttownwithalong-lastinghistoryandrichculturalheritage.itthenturnedoutthat

turnout(tobe)＋adj./n.結(jié)果是；原來(lái)是；被證明是(可換成prove)

asitturnsout事實(shí)上；結(jié)果

itturnsout(that)...事實(shí)證明；結(jié)果表明

turnout(tobe)fine/good結(jié)果很好

turnoutasplanned/expected結(jié)果與計(jì)劃/預(yù)期的一樣

turnallthelightsout關(guān)掉所有的燈6.[教材原句]Heseemedmorelikeahumanthanamachine.他看起來(lái)更像一個(gè)人而不是一臺(tái)機(jī)器。①AndthechildrenwillsoondiscoverthatTOKNOWfeels_____(much)likeaclubthanjustamagazine.②However,asecondpersonthoughtthatthiswas______aquestionofcivilizedbehaviorthanofgoodmanners.③(2019·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Inthatsense,I'mprettysurevolunteeringismoreofaselfishact____I'dfreelyliketoadmit.moremorethan看到這一幕，蘇尖叫了一聲，聲音并不大，更多的是驚訝而不是恐懼。Atthesightofthis,Suescreamed,notloudly,____________________________.moreinsurprisethanterrormore...than...有“與其說(shuō)……不如說(shuō)……；是……而不是……”之意，可連接兩個(gè)名詞、形容詞或副詞。連接名詞時(shí)，more后可加介詞like或of；連接形容詞時(shí)，形容詞不可用其比較級(jí)形式，只能以原級(jí)形式出現(xiàn)。Themotherfeltmoresadthanangrywhenshereadthroughherson'sletterleftonthekitchentable.當(dāng)媽媽看完兒子留在餐桌上的信時(shí)，倒沒(méi)感到憤怒，反倒感覺(jué)很傷心。多維強(qiáng)基固本·達(dá)標(biāo)訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.用所給詞的正確形式填空。1.Shewasfinallychosenforthejobonthe_______(base)ofherqualifications.2.Theywillaskyoutosigna_____________(declare)allowingyourdoctortodiscloseyourmedicaldetails.3.Iacceptedafreeoffertotestmywritingaptitude,anditturnedout_____(be)theinspirationIneeded.basisdeclarationtobe4.Itwasurgedthatalllibraries________________(keep)openduringtheweekend,butnoneresponded.5.Irodewithmycousintomygrandfather'shouse,wherewefoundhim______(pace)backandforth,awaitingourarrival.6.Whilehouseholdrobotstodaydothenormalhousework,socialrobotswillbe______(much)likecompanionsthanmeretools.(should)bekeptpacingmoreⅡ.在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。1.Youmayusemydictionarysolong__youdon'tkeepittoolong.2.Wewantedtogethomebeforedark,butitdidn'tquiteturn___asplanned.3.Currentthinkingholdsthatobesityismoreamedical_______apsychologicalproblem.4.Hecanchatupthebarkeeperwithwhomhe's__afirst-namebasisifhewantstohavealittleinteraction.asoutthanonⅢ.熟詞生義(選出黑體詞在句中的漢語(yǔ)意思)1.Sittingonabranch,heinchedtowardsitandblewsmokefromhistorchintoatinyholeinthehive.＿＿A.緩慢移動(dòng) B.英寸

C.短距離2.(2022·全國(guó)甲卷)Someoftheseculturaldiningetiquetterulesmayseemrandomandstrange,buttheyareimportantinvariouscountries.＿＿A.隨機(jī)的

B.不可思議的

C.胡亂的AB3.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Asanaddedbonus，it'sclosetothemaintrainstation.＿＿A.津貼

B.紅利

C.意外收獲CⅣ.長(zhǎng)難語(yǔ)句(分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)并翻譯成漢語(yǔ))1.Thedoctorwhoisalsoapoetandphilosopherisasuperiordoctor,onewhocangivesomuchmoretohispatientsthanjustgoodmedicalskills.

本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，可簡(jiǎn)化為：Thedoctor...isasuperiordoctor,onewhocan...。句中的兩個(gè)who都是引導(dǎo)_____從句，分別修飾doctor和one，另外，句中的one是_____，代指adoctor，整個(gè)onewho...是作前面asuperiordoctor的_______。[嘗試翻譯]____________________________________________________________________________________________________________定語(yǔ)代詞同位語(yǔ)

這位醫(yī)生是一位高級(jí)醫(yī)師，同時(shí)還是詩(shī)人和哲學(xué)家，他能給患者提供的可不僅僅是良好的醫(yī)療技能。2.(2019·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)Afterrunninghundredsoftests,theresearchersnotedthatthemonkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime,indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination.

本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，可簡(jiǎn)化為：...theresearchersnotedthatthemonkeyswouldgoforthehighervalues...,indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation...。句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是_____，后面跟的是that引導(dǎo)的_____從句；indicating...是動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語(yǔ)作___________。[嘗試翻譯]_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________noted賓語(yǔ)伴隨狀語(yǔ)

在進(jìn)行了數(shù)百次測(cè)試后，研究人員注意到，猴子在超過(guò)一半的時(shí)間里會(huì)選擇更高的值，這表明它們當(dāng)時(shí)正在進(jìn)行運(yùn)算，而不僅僅是記住每個(gè)組合的值。寫作提能培優(yōu)·進(jìn)階訓(xùn)練Step1.單句寫作(利用本單元知識(shí)補(bǔ)全所給英文句子)①我的同桌名字叫杰里，他的誠(chéng)實(shí)正直給我留下了深刻的印象。MydeskmateisnamedJerry,___________________________________________.②他全心全意地關(guān)心我，定期幫助我復(fù)習(xí)功課。Hecaresaboutmewholeheartedlyand________________________________________.whoseintegrityhasleftmeadeepimpressionhelpsmereviewmylessonsonaregularbasis③對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，他更像是我的哥哥而不是同學(xué)。Tome,heis_____________________________myclassmate.④一次，由于相信了一個(gè)謠言，我勃然大怒，和一位同班同學(xué)發(fā)生了沖突。Once，believinginarumour,I____________________________________________.morelikemyelderbrotherthanexplodedwithangerandconflictedwithaclassmate⑤杰里說(shuō)我這樣做很荒唐，并力勸我和該同學(xué)和解。Jerrysaid_______________formetodoso,______________________thatclassmate.⑥聽(tīng)了他的話，我感到很內(nèi)疚，當(dāng)即宣布會(huì)向那位同學(xué)道歉。Hearinghiswords,I_____________________________________thatIwouldapologisetotheclassmate.itwasridiculousurgingmetomakeupwithfeltveryguiltyandimmediatelydeclaredStep2.銜接成文(利用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡銜接詞語(yǔ)連句成篇)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

MydeskmateisnamedJerry，whoseintegrityhasleftmeadeepimpression.Besides，hecaresaboutmewholeheartedlyandhelpsmereviewmylessonsonaregularbasis.Tome，heismorelikemyelderbrothert