Unit10I’vehadthisbikeforthreeyears.SectionA(GrammarFocus-4c)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：

表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過(guò)去開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或保存的狀態(tài)。結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+have/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞一般疑問(wèn)句：have/has…?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven’t.Yes,shehas.No,shehasn’t.Revision1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成have/has+v過(guò)去分詞助動(dòng)詞否定haven’thasn’t疑問(wèn)Haveyou…?Hashe…?常與下列時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用：just,already,yet,ever,never,before,severaltimes現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。和already，never,ever,just,before,yet等狀語(yǔ)連用。2.過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與for或since引起的一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：have/has+v過(guò)去分詞havebreakfastIhavejusthadmybreakfast.(現(xiàn)在我不餓)I’mnothungrynowmovedherein2004IstilllivehereIhavelivedhereforthreeyears.Ihavelivedheresince2004/threeyearsago.nowpast3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與already,yet,等連用。其中,

already常用于肯定句中,yet常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。含有already的肯定句變否定句或疑問(wèn)句時(shí),要將already變?yōu)閥et,并置于句末。如：Therainhasalreadystopped.→Therainhasn’tstoppedyet.→Hastherainstoppedyet?還常與ever,never,before,just連用。如：never意為“從來(lái)沒(méi)有”常與before連用，多放在助動(dòng)詞與過(guò)去分詞之間。

e.g.I

have

never

travelled

by

plane

before.

我以前從來(lái)沒(méi)有乘飛機(jī)旅行過(guò)。

3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)肯定句變否定句、一般疑問(wèn)句及一般疑問(wèn)句的簡(jiǎn)略回答現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句變否定句時(shí),是在have/has后加not,可縮寫(xiě)為haven’t/hasn’t;變一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí),是把have/has提至主語(yǔ)前,一般疑問(wèn)句的簡(jiǎn)略回答為“Yes,

主語(yǔ)(人稱(chēng)代詞)+have/has.”和“No,

主語(yǔ)(人稱(chēng)代詞)+haven’t/hasn’t.”。如：Ihavegotaletterfrommyaunt.

(肯定句)→Ihaven’tgotaletterfrommyaunt.

(否定句)→—Haveyougotaletterfromyouraunt?

(一般疑問(wèn)句)—Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.(簡(jiǎn)略回答)中考考點(diǎn)一：have/has+beento(曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地，人已回來(lái))

have/has+goneto(去了某地，人在路上或在目的地,還沒(méi)回來(lái))

中考考點(diǎn)二：短暫性動(dòng)詞不能跟表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用,必須轉(zhuǎn)變成延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞如:leave--be

awayborrow—keepbegin/start—beon

buy—have等中考考點(diǎn)三：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作都發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但二者有區(qū)別：一般過(guò)去時(shí)側(cè)重于陳述一件過(guò)去的事情，與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有關(guān)系，有明顯的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響.--Haveyoureadthisbookbefore?--Yes,Ihave.--Whendidyoureadit?--Threedaysago.4aRewritethesentencesusingfororsince.1.JimisinJapan.Hearrivedtherethreedaysago.

JimhasbeeninJapanforthreedays.2.Theyareveryhungry.Theirlastmealwastenhoursago.

Theyhavenoteatenfortenhours.

Theyhavebeenveryhungryfortenhours.×(Althoughtheirlastmealwastenhoursago,itisn’tlogicalthattheygothungryimmediatelyaftertheyhadtheirlastmeal.)3.Ihaveacamera.Iboughtitin2009.

Ihavehadacamerasince2009.4.IknowAnna.Ifirstmetherthreeyearsago.IhaveknownAnnaforthreeyears.5.Lindaisill.ShebecameillonMonday.LindahasbeenillsinceMonday.4bFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.1.I_______________(neverbe)tothewaterparkbefore.Iwantto_____(go)nextmonthbeforetheweathergetstoocold.2.They_________________(neverown)anypets,butthey__________________(alwayswant)tohaveadog.haveneverbeengohaveneverownedhavealwayswanted3.We__________(have)apianosincelastNovember.We______(buy)itfromtheLifamilywhentheymovedtotheUSlastyear.4.CathyandAmy_______________________(notbe)backtotheirhometownfortwoyears.They_____(miss)theirhometownalotandhopetovisittheplacenextyear.5.Thismuseum_________(be)hereforover20years.It______(be)oneoftheoldestbuildingsinthissmalltown.havehadboughthavenotbeen/haven’tbeenmisshasbeenis4c

Fillinthequestionsandasktwostudents.Thencompletethechart.1.Doyouhavea(n)________?Howlonghaveyouhadit?2.Doyouowna(n)________?Howlonghaveyouownedit?GroupworkThingsHowlongTonyfavoritebookfortwoyearsbasketballsincehewas10yearsoldStudent1Student21.—Thisisareallyoldbike.—Yes,I________itforsevenyears.A.havehadB.haveboughtC.boughtA【解析】由答語(yǔ)中forsevenyears可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài),且句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞buy(bought)轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞have(had)。故選A。2.—Wherearetheteachersnow?—Inthemeetingroom.They________themeetingfor10minutes.A.havebegunB.havebeenonC.havehadD.havebeenheldC【解析】短語(yǔ)for10minutes必須與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用,因此排除選項(xiàng)A、D;beon上演,主語(yǔ)通常為電影、戲劇、會(huì)議等;短語(yǔ)havethemeeting“開(kāi)會(huì)”,主語(yǔ)為人,故選C。3.—Whatdoyouusuallydoinyoursparetime?—Ioftengotoourcommunitylibrary.It________fortwoyearsinordertoencourageustoreadmore.A.opens

B.hasopenedC.hasbeenopenedD.hasbeenopenD【解析】根據(jù)“fortwoyears”此處表示的是從過(guò)去開(kāi)始,一直延續(xù)的動(dòng)作。open是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,此處用形容詞形式beopen表示狀態(tài),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用hasbeenopen。故選D。4.Stevelefthishometownfiveyearsago.(改為同義句)Steve________________awayfromhishometownforfiveyears.hasbeen5.Meltingice(融冰)cancausesealevelstorise.Since1993,sealevels________ataspeedof32cmevery10years.A.rose

B.haverisen

C.riseB【解析】根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Since1993可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。6.這部手機(jī)他已經(jīng)買(mǎi)兩年了。______________________________________________________________________________Hehasalreadyhadthismobilephonefortwoyears.Theoldman_______lastyear.He_____________forayear.(die)(動(dòng)詞填空）2.Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）

Thisfactory____________fortwentyyears.三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換diedhasbeendeadhasbeenopen4.HermotherhasbeenaPartymemberforthreeyears.(同義句)Hermother________thePartythreeyears______.5.TheGreenFamilymovedtoFrancetwoyearsago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）

______twoyears_______theGreenfamilymovedtoFrance.joinedagoItissince5.MissGaoleftanhourago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）

MissGao_____________________anhourago.6.Thebushasarrivedhere.Itarrivedtenminutesago.(把兩個(gè)句子合并成一個(gè)句子)___________________________________hasbeenawaysinceThebushasbeenherefortenminutes.1.Myauntisawriter.She____morethantenbookssince1980.

A.writesB.wroteC.haswrittenD.willwrite.2.She_______thisbookfornearlythreeweeks.A.hasborrowedB.haslentC.hasboughtD.haskept3.Youaretoolate.Thefilm_____sincehalfanhourago.

A.hasbegunB.hasbeenonC.began

4.Mr.Fan___thiswatchin2015.he____itfor6years.A.bought,hashadB.bought,hasC.hasbought,hashadD.hasbought,had5.----Oh,youarehere.I’mlookingforyouallthemorning.___________？----Tothelibrary.

A.WherehaveyougoneB.WherewillyougoC.WhereareyougoingD.Wherehaveyoubeen?6.A:Howcleanthebedroomis!B:Yes,Iamsurethatsomeone

it.

A.cleansB.cleanedC.hascleanedD.hadcleaned全國(guó)各地中考現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)試題CDBADC7.Hi,guys.Whereareyouheadingnow?—Home.We___allourmoney,sowehavetowalkhomenow.