Unit3TheworldofscienceUsinglanguageToidentifyandsummarisetheformsandfunctionsofpresentperfectpassivethroughobservation,andapplyitcorrectlyindifferentcontextsandsituations.Tounderstandthemainideaoflisteningmaterials,gatherspecificdetailstocompletethenotesandexploregeneraltopicsrelatedtoinventionsindailylife.Tomakeuseofappropriatestructurestointroducescientistsandtheirachievementsinvariousfields.LearningobjectivesWordsandexpressionspassiveadj.被動的38beyondprep.無法……38

instancen.例子，實(shí)例38significantadj.重要的，影響深遠(yuǎn)的38

injurev.（使）受傷，弄傷38

chemistn.化學(xué)家39

astronomern.天文學(xué)家39

biologistn.生物學(xué)家39

accurateadj.精確的40Gregoriancalendar公歷，陽歷（自1582年起在西方使用的歷法）40

minoradj.小的40

originn.起源，起因40

speciesn.物種40naturalselection自然選擇40fieldresearch實(shí)地研究，實(shí)地調(diào)研40streamn.小河，小溪40

extraordinaryadj.非凡的，出色的40

brilliantadj.聰穎的，才華橫溢的40

radiumn.鐳（一種化學(xué)元素）40Goldbach’sConjecture哥德巴赫猜想40

theoryn.學(xué)說，理論40mentaladj.精神的；精神健康的41curen.藥劑；療法41Presentperfectpassive現(xiàn)在完成被動語態(tài)什么是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)？

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(ThePresentPerfectTense)是過去的動作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，對現(xiàn)在造成的影響，可能持續(xù)發(fā)生下去。在英語時(shí)態(tài)中，“時(shí)”指動作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，“態(tài)”指動作的樣子和狀態(tài)。

構(gòu)成：主語+have/has+done（動詞過去分詞）Lead-inHehasbeenawayforanhour.他走了一個(gè)小時(shí)了。Haveyouborrowedthatbook?你借到那本書了嗎?Howlonghaveyoureadthatbook?這本書你讀了多久了？HehasbeentoCanada,butnowheisworkinginourcompany.他去過加拿大，現(xiàn)在在我們公司工作。Mr.Liisnotathome.HehasgonetoShanghai.李先生不在家，他去上海了?！九e例】Lead-in

主動語態(tài)表示主語為動作的執(zhí)行者,被動語態(tài)表示主語為動作的承受者?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果且主語為動作的承受者，表示“……已經(jīng)被……”構(gòu)成：主語+have/has+been+done（動詞過去分詞）什么是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)?Lead-inThebookhasbeenreadbymanypeople.這本書被很多人讀過。Theletterhasbeensentbythepostman.信已由郵遞員寄出了。Thehousehasbeenpaintedbymybrother.房子已由我兄弟粉刷過了。Thepicturehasbeendrawnbytheartist.這幅畫是那位藝術(shù)家畫的。Thebuildingshavebeendestroyedintheearthquake.這些建筑物在地震中被摧毀了?！九e例】TheearthquakeLead-in現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動語態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:“主語十have/hasbeen十done”。在不同的句式中,其具體形式也有所不同。句式結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句主語+have/hasbeendone(十其他)否定句主語+have/hasnotbeendone(十其他)一般疑問句Have/Has十主語+beendone(十其他)?特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞+have/has+主語+been

done(十其他)?Lead-inLookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.1Whathashappenedto“you”insentence(a)?2Whohasusednewinventionstomakereplacementheartsandbonepartsinsentence(b)?Peoplehaveused3Dprinterstomakereplacementheartsandboneparts.Someonehasasked“you”aboutthetitleofyourbookbefore.1aIguessyouhavebeenaskedaboutthetitleofyourbookbefore.bNowinventionslike3Dprintershavebeenusedtomakereplacementheartsandboneparts.3

Whatisthedifferencebetweenthetwogroupsofsentences?Inthefirstgroup,thewordsinboldshowtheuseofthepassiveformwiththesubjects,whileinthesecondgroup,thewordsinboldshowtheuseoftheactiveformwiththesubjects.cIguesssomeonehasaskedyouaboutthetitleofyourbookbefore.dPeoplehaveusednewinventionslike3Dprinterstomakereplacementheartsandboneparts.Comparethemwiththefollowingsentencesandanswerthequestions.4

Whydoestheauthorchoosetousethepassiveforminsteadoftheactiveforminthereadingpassage?Theauthorchoosestousethepassiveforminsteadoftheactiveformtoemphasisewhathasbeendone,ratherthanwhoorwhatdoestheaction.cIguesssomeonehasaskedyouaboutthetitleofyourbookbefore.dPeoplehaveusednewinventionslike3Dprinterstomakereplacementheartsandboneparts.Nowlookformoresentenceswiththepresentperfectpassiveinthereadingpassage.Comparethemwiththefollowingsentencesandanswerthequestions.Nowlookformoresentenceswiththepresentperfectpassiveinthereadingpassage.1.I'llbetalkingtoDrRichardFairhurst,whosenewbookTheAgeofInvention

hasjustbeenpublished.2.Inaddition,importantadvanceshavebeenmadeinmedicineandenvironmentalsciencethankstoincreasingcomputerpower.3.I'vealsobeentoldthatyou'reaninventoryourself.4.NothinglikethishasbeeninventedyetandI'dsaywe'realongwayfromaninventionlikethatatthemoment!現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)一、構(gòu)成：主語+have/hasbeendone二、用法：1.表示被動的動作在說話之前已經(jīng)完成，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響會產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，通常與時(shí)間狀語already,just,lately,yet,recently,sofar,bynow,uptillnow,uptonow,since,before,inthepasttwoyears等連用。Thedoctorhasn'tbeensentforyet.還沒有派人去請醫(yī)生。Manybridgeshavebeenbuiltsince1950.從1950年起，很多橋已經(jīng)建好了?！癈hinaspeed”hasbeengivennewmeaningsinthepastdecade.在過去的十年間，“中國速度”已經(jīng)被賦予了新的含義。2.表示一個(gè)被動的動作或狀態(tài)開始于過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并有可能持續(xù)下去，常與for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語連用，或用于Howlong...?句型中。Themachinehasbeenrepairedfortwohours.這臺機(jī)器已經(jīng)被修理兩個(gè)小時(shí)了。（可能還會繼續(xù)被修理）3.用在時(shí)間或條件狀語從句中，表示將來已完成的被動動作，即用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)代替將來完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)。Whenthebookhasbeenpublishedthisyear,thenumberofbookshehaswrittenwillreachthirty.當(dāng)這本書在今年出版后，他寫的書將達(dá)到30本。Presentperfectpassive

—現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)用法：與副詞及時(shí)間狀語連用與引出的時(shí)間狀語（從句）連用時(shí)間狀語從句其他與一般過去時(shí)的被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別基本概念現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成是：have/hasbeendone一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語+beendone(+其他)?—Hasherworkbeenfinished?（她的工作完成了嗎?）—Yes，ithas.（是的，完成了。）特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+have/has+主語+beendone(+其他)?Howlonghasthemachinebeenused?

（這臺機(jī)器使用多久了?）基本結(jié)構(gòu)

表示被動的動作在說話前已經(jīng)完成，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。通常與already，yet，never，recently等副詞及時(shí)間狀語sofar，bynow，uptillnow等連用。Theroomhasalreadybeencleaned.這個(gè)房間已經(jīng)被打掃干凈了。(現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不用打掃房間了)用法表示被動的動作或狀態(tài)從過去開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去，常與for或since等引出的時(shí)間狀語（從句）連用，或用于howlong引出的句子中。Thebridgehasbeenbuiltfortwoyears.這座橋已經(jīng)建了兩年了。(可能還會繼續(xù)建造)用在時(shí)間狀語從句中，表示將來某時(shí)已經(jīng)完成的動作。We’llstartassoonastheworkhasbeenfinished.這份工作一完成我們就立即動身。表示被動的動作或狀態(tài)從過去開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去，常與for或since等引出的時(shí)間狀語（從句）連用，或用于howlong引出的句子中。Thebridgehasbeenbuiltfortwoyears.這座橋已經(jīng)建了兩年了。(可能還會繼續(xù)建造)We’llstartassoonastheworkhasbeenfinished.這份工作一完成我們就立即動身。用法

1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)中包含have/has和been,兩者缺一不可。2.動詞短語是一個(gè)不可分割的整體,在被動結(jié)構(gòu)中要保持完整性,不可省略動詞短語中的介詞或副詞。Theorphanhasbeenwelllookedafter.這個(gè)孤兒一直受到很好的照顧。

Recentlyenvironmentalproblemshavebeenpaidcloseattentionto.近來,環(huán)境問題已經(jīng)得到了密切關(guān)注。注意事項(xiàng)與一般過去時(shí)的被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別一般過去時(shí)的被動語態(tài)：

表示被動的動作發(fā)生在過去的某個(gè)時(shí)刻,其結(jié)果對現(xiàn)在沒有影響

過?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)：

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)的動作或狀態(tài)盡管發(fā)生在過去,但側(cè)重說明該動作或狀態(tài)對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。Mymobilephonehasgotrepairedbymyfather.我的手機(jī)已經(jīng)被我爸爸修好了。(與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)，現(xiàn)在手機(jī)可以使用了。)Mymobilephonewasrepairedbymyfather.我的手機(jī)被我爸爸修好了。(與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)，只是曾經(jīng)發(fā)生過這樣的事情，不能判斷手機(jī)現(xiàn)在是否還能使用。)區(qū)別Summary1.中國的電腦芯片制造已經(jīng)取得了很大的進(jìn)步。Greatprogress___________________intheproductionofcomputerchipsinChina.2.已經(jīng)有人警告他,他可能在和生意伙伴打交道時(shí)遇到麻煩。He____________________thathemighthavetroubledealingwithhisbusinesspartner.hasbeenmadehasbeenwarned專練ExerciseExercise3.他已經(jīng)被告知這些題的答案了,但他仍然會犯錯(cuò)誤,這讓數(shù)學(xué)老師很失望。He_____________theanswerstotheproblems,buthestillmakesmistakes,makingthemathsteacherverydisappointed.4.我女兒被北京大學(xué)錄取了,這讓我們很自豪。Mydaughter________________toPekingUniversity,whichmakesusveryproud.5.這部電影已經(jīng)上映,很可能在春節(jié)期間大賣。Thefilm_________________anditislikelytobeahitduringthespringfestival.hasbeentoldhasbeenadmittedhasbeenreleased專練Withinthenext80years,ourlivesmaybechangedbeyondrecognitionby3Dprinting.Ithasalreadyaffectedmanythingsinourlives,

rightdowntothefoodweeat.Forinstance,somerestaurantsinLondonhaveserved3D-printedhamburgerstocustomers.Rewritetheunderlinedpartsusingthepresentperfectpassive.3D-printedhamburgershavebeenservedtocustomersinsomerestaurantsinLondon.Manythingsinourliveshavealreadybeenaffected.2Butperhapsthemostsignificantsuccessthatpeoplehaveachievedtodateisinmedicine.Theyhavemadehumanbodyparts,includingabeatingheart,with3Dprintingtechnology.Anditisnotjusthumanswhoarebenefiting—inBrazil,peoplehavegivenanew3D-printedshelltoaturtleinjuredinaforestfire!Rewritetheunderlinedpartsusingthepresentperfectpassive.Butperhapsthemostsignificantsuccessthathasbeenachievedtodateisinmedicine.Humanbodyparts,includingabeatingheart,havebeenmadewith3Dprintingtechnology.Anew3D-printedshellhasbeengiventoaturtleinjuredinaforestfire!2ImagineyouareDrMoore.Lookatthepicturesandtellthepoliceaboutthedamageandlosstoyourlab.Usethepresentperfectpassivewhereappropriate.Thelockonthedoorhasbeenbroken.Thewindowhasbeenbroken.Twolaptopshavebeenstolen.Beakersandtesttubeshavebeendestroyed.Thebookcasehasbeenopened,andsomefileshavebeentakenawaywhileothershavebeenthrowneverywhere.Therobothasbeendamaged.3Mylabhasbeenbrokeninto!My...CareersinscienceLookatthepicturesandanswerthequestions.1Whatdoyouknowaboutthesecareers?2Whatfamousscientistscanyounameinthesefields?4GuoShoujing(1231—1316)wasafamousChinese1.________oftheYuanDynasty.Heinventedtwelvenewinstrumentstostudystarsandplanets.HealsodevelopedacalendarwhichisasaccurateastheGregoriancalendar.AmountainontheMoonandaminorplanetarenamedafterhim.

astronomer5CompletetheintroductionsaboutdifferentscientistswiththewordsinActivity4.Payattentiontothelanguagethatdescribestheircareers.郭守敬：元代天文學(xué)家、數(shù)學(xué)家、水利科學(xué)家、地理學(xué)家、儀器制造家。許多人都知道郭守敬在天文方面貢獻(xiàn)卓著，卻不知其實(shí)他在中國水利發(fā)展史上，也留下光輝的一頁，并被稱為“京杭大運(yùn)河之父”。主要貢獻(xiàn)在水利、儀象和歷算三個(gè)領(lǐng)域。制定《授時(shí)歷》，造天文測量儀器等。5CompletetheintroductionsaboutdifferentscientistswiththewordsinActivity4.Payattentiontothelanguagethatdescribestheircareers.British2.____________CharlesDarwin(1809—1882)isbestknownforhisworkOntheOriginofSpecies,inwhichheexplainschangesinspeciesduetonaturalselection.Hisideasdeeplyinfluenceourunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenhumansandnature.biologist5CompletetheintroductionsaboutdifferentscientistswiththewordsinActivity4.Payattentiontothelanguagethatdescribestheircareers.查爾斯·羅伯特·達(dá)爾文，英國生物學(xué)家，進(jìn)化論的奠基人。他通過貝格爾號航行，提出物種通過自然選擇進(jìn)化的理論，著有《物種起源》等。達(dá)爾文的理論從根本上改變了人類對生命起源和自然規(guī)律的理解，對生物學(xué)及思想界產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)影響。達(dá)爾文提出，生物種群中的個(gè)體存在遺傳變異，而這些變異使得某些個(gè)體更適應(yīng)環(huán)境，從而更有可能生存下來并傳遞其遺傳信息給后代。經(jīng)過長時(shí)間的自然選擇，這些有利特征逐漸積累，導(dǎo)致新物種的產(chǎn)生。他的觀點(diǎn)顛覆了神創(chuàng)論，為生物學(xué)研究開辟了新紀(jì)元。5CompletetheintroductionsaboutdifferentscientistswiththewordsinActivity4.Payattentiontothelanguagethatdescribestheircareers.LiDaoyuan(ca466—527)wasafamouswriterand3.________________oftheNorthernWeiDynasty.HedidfieldresearchacrossChinaandstudiedmorethanathousandriversandstreams,alongwiththelandscape,historyandcultureofthesurroundingareas.geographer5CompletetheintroductionsaboutdifferentscientistswiththewordsinActivity4.Payattentiontothelanguagethatdescribestheircareers.酈道元：北魏著名地理學(xué)家、文學(xué)家，我國游記文學(xué)的開創(chuàng)者。他仕途坎坷，多次被下放和調(diào)任?；谛枰蛯Φ乩淼臐夂衽d趣，罷官期間，他開始了著書之路。他長期進(jìn)行實(shí)地考察，尋訪歷史古跡，觀察水流地勢，走尋探訪各地的物產(chǎn)民俗、風(fēng)土人情、歷史興衰和神話傳說。經(jīng)過認(rèn)真研究分析、大量引進(jìn)歷史文獻(xiàn)，傾盡畢生心血，《水經(jīng)注》得以現(xiàn)世。在地理方面，這本書被稱為中國古代最系統(tǒng)、最全面的綜合性地理著作。酈道元以他對自然山水的熱愛、淵博的知識、精彩的語言，生動形象的描寫了祖國大好河山的壯麗，《水經(jīng)注》流芳萬世。5CompletetheintroductionsaboutdifferentscientistswiththewordsinActivity4.Payattentiontothelanguagethatdescribestheircareers.自三峽七百里中，兩岸連山，略無闕處。重巖疊嶂，隱天蔽日，自非亭午夜分，不見曦月。至于夏水襄陵，沿溯阻絕。或王命急宣，有時(shí)朝發(fā)白帝，暮到江陵，其間千二百里，雖乘奔御風(fēng)，不以疾也。春冬之時(shí)，則素湍綠潭，回清倒影，絕巘多生怪柏，懸泉瀑布，飛漱其間，清榮峻茂，良多趣味。每至晴初霜旦，林寒澗肅，常有高猿長嘯，屬引凄異，空谷傳響，哀轉(zhuǎn)久絕。故漁者歌曰：“巴東三峽巫峽長，猿鳴三聲淚沾裳?！?CompletetheintroductionsaboutdifferentscientistswiththewordsinActivity4.Payattentiontothelanguagethatdescribestheircareers.MarieCurie(1867—1934)wasaworld-famous4._____________,andwasfirstawardedtheNobelPrizein1903forherextraordinaryworkonradioactivity.Shewasalsoregardedasabrilliant5.____________,andwasagainawardedtheNobelPrizein1911fortheisolationofpureradium.geographerchemist5CompletetheintroductionsaboutdifferentscientistswiththewordsinActivity4.Payattentiontothelanguagethatdescribestheircareers.居里夫人（1867—1934），原名瑪麗·斯克沃多夫斯卡，波蘭物理學(xué)家、化學(xué)家。她因研究放射性元素釙和鐳而獲得諾貝爾獎，成為首位兩次獲得諾貝爾獎的女性。她還開創(chuàng)了放射性理論，并發(fā)明分離放射性同位素技術(shù)。居里夫人出生于波蘭，后前往巴黎大學(xué)求學(xué)，與皮埃爾·居里結(jié)婚并共同研究放射性現(xiàn)象，發(fā)現(xiàn)了釙和鐳兩種新元素。她兩獲諾貝爾獎，喪偶后繼續(xù)研究，并成為巴黎大學(xué)首位女性教授。一戰(zhàn)期間，她組織移動實(shí)驗(yàn)室為前線提供放射性診斷設(shè)備。長期接觸放射性物質(zhì)導(dǎo)致她晚年身患放射病，最終逝世。5CompletetheintroductionsaboutdifferentscientistswiththewordsinActivity4.Payattentiontothelanguagethatdescribestheircareers.ChenJingrun(1933—1996)wasoneoftheworld’sleading6._____________.HisworkonChen’sTheoremmadeanimportantadvancetowardsprovingGoldbach’sConjecture,thegreatestunsolvedprobleminnumbertheory.mathematicians5CompletetheintroductionsaboutdifferentscientistswiththewordsinActivity4.Payattentiontothelanguagethatdescribestheircareers.

陳景潤（1933年5月22日—1996年3月19日），男，出生于福建福州，數(shù)學(xué)家，中國科學(xué)院學(xué)部委員（院士），生前系中國科學(xué)院數(shù)學(xué)研究所研究員。

陳景潤主要從事解析數(shù)論方面的研究，在哥德巴赫猜想研究方面取得國際領(lǐng)先成果，其研究成果是哥德巴赫猜想研究的重要里程碑。他曾獲得全國科學(xué)大會獎、國家自然科學(xué)獎一等獎等諸多榮譽(yù)，2009年入選100位新中國成立以來感動中國人物。5CompletetheintroductionsaboutdifferentscientistswiththewordsinActivity4.Payattentiontothelanguagethatdescribestheircareers.Workinpairs.Thinkaboutothercareersinscienceanddiscusswhatinterestsyoumost.I’minterestedintheworkofa(n)…because…生態(tài)學(xué)家 ecologist社會學(xué)家

sociologist心理學(xué)家

psychologist計(jì)算機(jī)學(xué)家

computerscientist……6InventionstoriesAlzheimer'sdiseaseisabraindisorderthatcausesproblemswithmemory,thinkingandbehaviour.ThemajorityofpeoplewithAlzheimer'sare65andabove.Itisrecognisedasthemostcommonmentaldiseaseamongolderpeople,andthenumberofsufferersisgrowing.Currently,there'snocureforAlzheimer's,butscientistsareresearchingwaystoimprovethequalityoflifeforpeoplelivingwiththedisease.

阿爾茨海默病是一種腦部疾病，會導(dǎo)致記憶、思維和行為方面的問題。

大多數(shù)老年癡呆癥患者年齡在65歲及以上。它被認(rèn)為是老年人中最常見的精神疾病，而且患者的數(shù)量正在增加。目前，還沒有治愈阿爾茨海默氏癥的方法，但科學(xué)家們正在研究改善這種疾病患者生活質(zhì)量的方法。Listentotheconversationandnumberthepicturesinthecorrectorder.712345Kenneth,aNewYorkstudent,inventedaspecialproductforAlzheimer'spatientsinspiredbyhisgrandfather'scondition.Oncehisgrandfathergotlostforawholeday.Worriedabouthisgrandfather'ssafety,Kennethsoughtasolution.Onenight,watchinghisgrandfathergetoutofbed,hehituponanidea:apressure-sensingdeviceinsocks.Hesketchedhisidea,figuredoutthepoweringmethod,andcreatedacoin-sizeddevice.Whenwornbyhisgrandfather,thesockssentanalarmtoKenneth'sphoneuponsensingpressure,allowinghimtoknowhisgrandfatherwasupwithoutstayingawakeallnight.Thus,thesocksthateasilyfindthesickwereinvented.Rewritethestoryaccordingthecorrectorderoftheconversation!12345Listentotheconversationandnumberthepicturesinthecorrectorder.7

紐約的學(xué)生肯尼斯受他祖父的病情啟發(fā)，發(fā)明了一種針對老年癡呆癥患者的特殊產(chǎn)品。有一次，他的祖父迷路了一整天。由于擔(dān)心祖父的安全，肯尼斯尋求解決辦法。一天晚上，看著爺爺下了床，他突然想到了一個(gè)主意：在襪子里裝一個(gè)壓力感應(yīng)裝置。他勾勒出他的想法，找出了供電方法，并創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)硬幣大小的裝置。當(dāng)他的祖父穿上襪子時(shí)，肯尼斯的手機(jī)會感應(yīng)到壓力，發(fā)出警報(bào)，讓他知道他的祖父已經(jīng)醒了，而不用整夜不睡去看護(hù)。因此，發(fā)明了容易找到病人的襪子。Listentotheconversationandnumberthepicturesinthecorrectorder.apairofsocksdesignedforpeople

withAlzheimer’sdiseaseastudentfromNewYorkHisgrandfatherAwarninggetsoutofbed8聽力腳本:Mike:

Hey,look!I'vereadaboutacoolinventioninthismagazine!Anna:Apairofsocks?Mike:Yes,butthey'renotordinarysocks.ThisisaproductdesignedforpeoplewithAlzheimer'sdisease.Anna:Ohyes,IsawaTVshowaboutthat.ItwasinventedbyastudentfromNewYorkcalledKenneth.Heevenwonanawardforitatasciencefair!Mike:Wow!Howdidhecomeupwiththeidea?Anna:Well,hisgrandfatherhasAlzheimer's.Heforgetsthingsandgetslosteasily.Oncehegotlostinthecityandittookawholedaytofindhim!Thefamilywasalwaysworryingabouthimleavingthehouseandhadtokeepaneyeonhim-evenatnight!Kennethhadbeentryingtofindasolution.Thenonenight,hewaslookingafterhisgrandfatherandsawhimgetoutofbedandsteponthefloor.Thatmomentinspiredhim,andagoodideacametohismind.Mike:Ididn'tknowthat!Howdidthatmomentinspirehim?Anna:Well,itmadehimthinkofputtingadeviceintoapairofsockstosensepressure.Hestartedbydrawinghisideas,andthenhethoughtabouthowtopowerthedevice.Eventually,hecreatedadevicethesizeofacoin!Mike:Likeacoin?Sohowdoesitwork?Anna:Hegothisgrandfathertowearthesocks.Whenhisfeettouchedthefloor,thedevicesensedanincreaseofpressure,andawarningwassenttotheboy'smobilephone-likeanalarm.Thatway,hecouldknowhisgrandfatherwasgettingoutofbedwithoutstayingupallnight.Mike:Howamazing!Whatausefulinventionandcaringgrandson!Anna:Yes,youarequiteright.邁克:嘿，看!我在這本雜志上讀到過一個(gè)很酷的發(fā)明!安娜:一雙襪子?邁克:是的，但它們不是普通的襪子。這是為阿爾茨海默病患者設(shè)計(jì)的產(chǎn)品。安娜:哦，是的，我看過一個(gè)關(guān)于這個(gè)的電視節(jié)目。它是由一個(gè)叫肯尼思的紐約學(xué)生發(fā)明的。他甚至在一次科學(xué)展覽會上獲得了一個(gè)獎項(xiàng)!麥克:哇!他是怎么想到這個(gè)主意的?安娜:嗯，他的祖父患有阿爾茨海默病。他會忘記事情，很容易迷路。有一次，他在城市里迷路了，花了一整天時(shí)間才找到他!家人總是擔(dān)心他離開家，不得不一直盯著他-甚至在晚上!肯尼斯一直在尋找解決方案。一天晚上，他在照顧祖父時(shí)，看到他下床并踩到地板上。那一刻給了他靈感，一個(gè)好主意出現(xiàn)在他的腦海中。邁克:我不知道!那一刻是如何啟發(fā)他的?安娜:嗯，這使他想到在襪子中放置一個(gè)設(shè)備來感知壓力。他首先畫出了他的想法，然后他想到了如何為設(shè)備供電。最終，他創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)硬幣大小的設(shè)備!邁克:像硬幣一樣?那它是怎么運(yùn)作的?安娜:他讓爺爺穿上了襪子。當(dāng)爺爺?shù)哪_接觸到地面時(shí)，設(shè)備會感覺到壓力增加，并向男孩的手機(jī)發(fā)送警告--就像警報(bào)一樣。這樣，他就可以知道爺爺起床了，而不用整夜不睡。邁克:太棒了!多么有用的發(fā)明，多么體貼的孫子!安娜:是的，你說得很對。Workinpairs.Actouttheconversationabouttheinventionofthetelephone.StudentAYouaregoingtogiveapresentationabouttheinventionofthetelephone.Aspartofyourresearch,youspeaktoStudentBwhohasjustreadabookaboutit.Askhim/herquestionstofindoutmoreinformation.Informationyou’dliketoknow:theinventoryearofinventiontheinventingprocessthefirstphonecallotherinterestingthingsabouttheinvention9StudentBYou’vejustreadabookabouttheinventionofthetelephone.StudentA,whoisgoingtogiveapresentationonthesametopic,asksyouforinformation.Inventor:AlexanderGrahamBellInventioncreatedin:1876Background:Bellwasateacherataschoolforthedeaf.Hetriedtoinventamachinetosendmessagesoveranelectronicwire.Thiseventuallyledtotheideaofatelephone.Later,withhisassistant,hecreatedadevicetoproduceandreceivesoundwavesusingelectricalsignals.Firstphonecall:On10March1876,Bellmadethefirstclearandcompletephonecalltohisassistant,saying,“MrWatson–comehere–Iwanttoseeyou.”O(jiān)therinformation:Bellneverhadatelephoneinhisstudy,wherehewantedtobealonewithhisthoughtsandwork.Workinpairs.Actouttheconversationabouttheinventionofthetelephone.910Workinpairs.Chooseanotherstoryofaninventionyouknowandhaveasimilarconversation.Onceuponatime,therewasanambitiousinventornamedMia.Shehadagreatlovefortechnologyanddreamedofcreatingsomethingthatwouldrevolutionizetheworld.Oneday,asshewasflippingthroughabookaboutthehistoryofflight,MiawascaptivatedbythestoryoftheWrightbrothersandtheirinventionoftheairplane.Inspiredbytheirachievements,Miadecidedtobuildherownairplane.Shespentcountlessdaysandnightsinhergarage,workingtirelesslyonherproject.Sheresearchedvariousdesigns,testeddifferentmaterials,andfacednumerouschallengesalongtheway.Herneighborsoftenwonderedwhatshewasupto,butMiaremainedfocusedonhergoal.Aftermanymonthsofperseverance,Miafinallysucceededincreatingasmall,functionalairplane.Itwasn'tthemostsophisticatedmachine,butitflew!Miawasoverjoyedandeagertoshowoffherinvention.Onacleardayin2025,Miainvitedherbrother,Max,tohergarageforaspecialdemonstration.MaxwasastonishedbyMia'screationandcouldn'tbelievethatshehadbuiltanairplaneallbyherself.MiaexplainedthatshehadbeeninspiredbytheWrightbrothersandwantedtofollowin