高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省衢州市五校2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期4月期中英語(yǔ)試題選擇題部分第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Howmuchwillthewomanpayinall?A.$7. B.$10.50. C.$21.【答案】C【原文】M:Howmanyticketswouldyoulike,madam?W:Three,please—twoadultsandonefour-year-oldchild.M:Actually,childrenundertheageofsixgettogoinfree.So,that’lljustbe$21,please.2.Whateventarethespeakerspreparingfor?A.Thespringfestival. B.Abirthdayparty. C.Christmasday.【答案】B【原文】W:WehavesomeredpaperbagsleftoverfromtheSpringFestival.WecouldusethemasgiftbagsforBai’sbirthdaypartyguests.M:Okay.Wecouldfillthemwithhomemadecandy.W:Great!MaybeyoucouldmakesomerockcandyyoumadelastChristmas.3.What’swrongwiththemilk?A.Ithasgonebad. B.It’stoocoldtodrink. C.Itmakesthewomansick.【答案】A【原文】W:Thatmilkisn’tright.It’ssmelly!Ifwedrinkit,we’llgetsick.M:Sorry,Ileftitoutafewdaysagoandforgottoputitbackinthefridge.4.Whatisthewomandissatisfiedwithaboutdress?A.Itscolor. B.Itssize. C.Itsstyle.【答案】B【原文】W:Hi.Iboughtthisdressonline,andIabsolutelylovethecolor.Butit’sjusttoobigaroundmyshoulders.CanIexchangeit?M:Thatparticulardresshassoldout.Butwehaveseveralotherstylesinthatexactgreen.ShallIshowyou?W:Yes,please!5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthetoy?A.Itisquiteeducational. B.Itisalittleunsafe. C.Itistoosmall.【答案】B【原文】W:Youshouldn’tgiveourbabythattoytobite.M:It’sfine.Shelikesit,anditteachesherhowtobiteproperly.W:Can’tyouseethatshe’salmostbittenpartofitoff?Smallpartsaredangerousforbabiesofthisage.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Momandson. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Brotherandsister.7.Whichpartoftheexamisdifficultforthewoman?A.Chemistry. B.Physics. C.History.【答案】6.C7.A【原文】W:Canyouturnyourspeakerdown,please?I’mtryingtorevise.M:MomsaidIcanhavemymusiconbecauseI’vefinishedallmyhomework.W:Youdon’thavetohaveitthisloudthough!It’sreallyhardtoconcentrateandI’vegotareallydifficultexamtomorrow.M:Whatisit?History?W:It’sscience.I’mokaywithphysicsandbiologybutI’mhavingrealtroubleunderstandingthechemistrywehavetolearn.M:HowaboutIturnthismusicoffandaskyouquestionstohelpyourevise?W:Wouldyoudothat?M:Sure!聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whydoesthemancometothewoman?A.Hisfeetareinjured. B.Hislegshavebeenhurting. C.Hiskneesaretroublinghim.9.Howmanytimesdoesthemanruninaweek?A.3. B.10. C.30.10.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Quittherace. B.Reduceexercisetime. C.Takethepillstwiceaday.【答案】8.C9.A10.B【原文】W:Comein.HowmayIhelp?M:Oh,well,Iusedtohurtmyfeetalot,butthistimemykneeshavebeenhurting,anditisstoppingmefromrunning.W:Doyourunalot?M:Yes,Iamtrainingforamarathon.IruntenmilesthreetimesaweekandI’mworriedIwon’tbefitintimefortherace.W:Isee.Sitdownhereandshowmeyourlegs.Okay,thereisnothingserious.It’sjustthatyourkneeshaven’tadaptedtotheamountoftraining.M:Whatdoesthatmean?W:Ideally,youneedtoreducethetrainingtimeforawhile,takethesepillseverytwodays,andthenrestyourkneescompletelyaftertherace.M:Thanks!聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。11.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthebeach. B.Inarestaurant. C.Atawaterpark.12.Whydoesthemanliketheplace?A.Itisnotcrowded. B.Itiscoolerhere. C.Itisfreeofcharge.13.Whatwillthemandofirst?A.Getsomemoney. B.Getdressed. C.Getsomethingtoeat.【答案】11.C12.B13.A【原文】W:So,whatdoyouthinkoftheplace?M:Great!It’ssonicetohaveabreakfromtheheat!W:Well,Ithoughtweneededtocooloffonadaylikethis!Andtherearenotmanypeoplehere,sowedon’thavetowaitinlineforalongtime.Haveyoubeeninthewavepoolyet?M:No,I’vespentmostofmytimeonthewaterslidessofar!Isitgood?W:Yeah,it’salmostlikebeingatthebeach!M:Allthisexerciseismakingmeprettyhungry,though.W:Well,there’sarestaurantoverthere.Shallweheadovertherenowandgetaburgerorsomething?M:Soundsgood.Wedon’thavetogetdressedtogointhere,dowe?W:No,it’sapoolsiderestaurant.Youcanwearyourswimsuit.M:Okay,great.I’llneedtoheadbacktothechangingroomstogetmywalletfirst,though.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14.Whendidthemanfirstgethisfirstphone?A.At10. B.At16. C.At20.15.Whydidn’tthemansendmanytextsasateenager?A.Itwasslowandexpensive.B.Hedidn’thavemanyfriends.C.Hisparentsdidn’tallowhimtodoso.16.Whatdoesthemanremindthewomantodo?A.Manageherscreentimewisely.B.Becarefulaboutherphonecredit.C.Changetheringtonesofherphone.【答案】14.B15.A16.A【原文】W:Oh,mygoodness!Thankyousomuch,Dad!M:You’rewelcome.Justuseitresponsibly.W:Iwill,Ipromise.Ican’tbelieveit!ThisisthebestChristmasgiftever!M:Well,you’re16now.That’swhenIgotmyfirstphone,too.W:Youhadaphoneasateenager?M:Yes,althoughitwasn’tasgoodasthisone!Ithadatinygreyscreenandnogames.Anditcouldonlystore20textmessagesonitatatime!IfIwantedtokeepanimportanttext,Iwroteitdowninanotebook.W:Ha-ha!M:ButmyfriendsandIdidn’tsendthousandsofmessagestoeachother.Ittookagesbecausethosephonesdidn’thaveproperkeyboards.Plus,eachtextcost10centstosend.W:Really?M:Yes.Iwasonlyallowed$5ofphonecrediteachmonth,andIpreferredtospendmostofitonmusicalringtones!W:Musicalringtones?Yourgenerationissofunny!M:Anyway...Ihopeyouenjoyit.Justdon’tlosefocusonyourstudies.Nextyearisyourgraduationyear,remember.W:IpromiseIwon’t,Dad.I’lluseitwisely!聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.Wherewasthedogcompetitionheld?A.Nearahospital. B.InBonnie’sneighborhood. C.Atashoppingmall.18.WhatdidJohnWilmerdofirstwhenhefoundBonnie?A.Hecalledthepolice.B.Hetriedtofindherowneronline.C.Hetookhertotheanimalaidcenter.19.WhydidJohnWilmerenterBonnieinthedogcompetition?A.Hisowndogwassick.B.Hethoughtitwouldbefunny.C.HefoundBonniewasashowdog.20.WhatdidBonniewinasherprize?A.Apicture. B.Agoldmedal. C.Aflower.【答案】17.C18.B19.B20.C【原文】WhenthedogBonniewentmissing,herownerPeterClosierwasworriedsick.Unabletofindherintheneighborhood,hebegancallinglocalanimalaidcenters,animalhospitals,aswellasthepolice.Meanwhile,BonniehadbeenpickedupbyamannamedJohnWilmer,whowasdrivinghisowndogstoadogcompetitionatashoppingmallaboutanhouraway.Johnwasalreadyrunninglate,sohemadeaquicksocialmediapostwithBonnie’spicturetotryandlocatethedog’sowner.Then,heputBonnieinthecarandtookherwithhim.Forajoke,heenteredBonnieintotheBestRescueDogcompetition.Toeveryone’ssurprise,shewonthirdplace!Afterseeingthesocialmediapost,PetercontactedJohn.Bonniewasreturnedhometoherfamilysoon,lookingveryproudofherselfwiththeflowersheearnedinhermouth.Petersaid,“Itwasagoodthingthatshecameback.Thiswasevenbetter.Shereturnedwithaprize!”Strangely,thefamily’sotherdog,Cleo,isamedal-winningshowdog,butBonniehadneverenteredanycompetitions.Perhapsshesimplywantedtoprovewhatshecoulddo.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAnyroadcanbefrighteninginthewrongweatherconditionsorwithacarelessdriverontheloosebutherewelistsomeofthemostdangerousroadsintheworld.ColduChaussy,FranceAt1,532metresabovesealevel,ColduChaussyintheRh?ne-Alpesregionofsouth-easternFranceisahighmountainpassthatstartswiththefamous“LesLacetsdeMontvernier.”Thisspecialroadisonlyabout3.2kmlongbutfeatures17sharpturnsasyouclimbupanactualcliff.TherearesafetyfencesalongthewaybutthisstrangeZ-shaperoad,thoughwithwonderfullandscape,isstilloneofthemostdangerousroadsintheworld.KarnaliHighway,NepalAbout50peoplediehereeveryyear,makingadriveonthe250kmKarnaliHighwayintheHimalayasofWestNepalarealdeathwish.Itisoneofthemostdangerousroadsintheworldevenwhenit’snotrainyseasonbecausethesurfaceisextremelydustyandincludesnarrowsections,landslides,fallingrocks,floodedsections,holesandhugedropsoffsteepcliffs.Andnowitisonlyaroadpassable,atbest,duringthedayasdrivingatnightarenotallowedbecauseofthehighnumberofdeadlyaccidents.CommonwealthAvenue,PhilippinesUnlikeotherroadsandhighwaysonthislist,thisoneisn’tsittingontheedgeofamountainornearafallingbridge.Infact,it’sawidecityhighwaythat’sjust12kmlong.Twenty-meter-widetobespecificandduetoheavytraffic,poordrainage(排水)whichbringsfloodsontheroad,andtheconstantpresenceofmotorbikesandwalkingpeoplethattourbusescan’tevensee,thisroadhasearnedthesadnickname“KillerHighway”becauseofthemanyaccidentsanddeathsthere.21.WhatwilladriverexperienceonColduChaussy?A.Fallingrocks. B.Smoothdriving. C.Heavyrainfall. D.Beautifulviews.22.WhyaredrivingatnightonKarnaliHighwaynotallowed?A.Manydeadlyaccidents. B.Superwetroad.C.Largecrowdsoftourists. D.Extremeweather.23.WhatdoKarnaliHighwayandCommonwealthAvenuehaveincommon?A.Theybothcarryheavytraffic. B.Theyarebothbuiltinmountains.C.Theyarebothinpoorconditions. D.Theyarebothhitbynaturaldisasters.【答案】21.D22.A23.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了世界上三條最危險(xiǎn)的道路?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ColduChaussy,France部分中“TherearesafetyfencesalongthewaybutthisstrangeZ-shaperoad,thoughwithwonderfullandscape,isstilloneofthemostdangerousroadsintheworld.(沿途有安全圍欄，但這條奇怪的Z字形道路，盡管有美妙的風(fēng)景，仍然是世界上最危險(xiǎn)的道路之一)”可知，司機(jī)在ColduChaussy這條路上可以體驗(yàn)到美麗的風(fēng)景。故選D?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KarnaliHighway,Nepal部分中“Andnowitisonlyaroadpassable,atbest,duringthedayasdrivingatnightarenotallowedbecauseofthehighnumberofdeadlyaccidents.(現(xiàn)在，這條路最多只能在白天通行，因?yàn)橐归g發(fā)生的致命事故太多，所以不允許夜間駕駛)”可知，KarnaliHighway不允許夜間駕駛是因?yàn)橛泻芏嘀旅氖鹿?。故選A?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KarnaliHighway,Nepal部分中“Itisoneofthemostdangerousroadsintheworldevenwhenit’snotrainyseasonbecausethesurfaceisextremelydustyandincludesnarrowsections,landslides,fallingrocks,floodedsections,holesandhugedropsoffsteepcliffs.(即使不是雨季，它也是世界上最危險(xiǎn)的道路之一，因?yàn)槁访鎵m土飛揚(yáng)，還有狹窄的路段、山體滑坡、落石、被洪水淹沒(méi)的路段、坑洞以及從陡峭懸崖上的巨大落差)”以及CommonwealthAvenue,Philippines部分中“Twenty-meter-widetobespecificandduetoheavytraffic,poordrainage(排水)whichbringsfloodsontheroad,andtheconstantpresenceofmotorbikesandwalkingpeoplethattourbusescan’tevensee,thisroadhasearnedthesadnickname(具體來(lái)說(shuō)，這條道路寬達(dá)二十米，而且由于交通擁堵、排水系統(tǒng)不佳導(dǎo)致路面常有積水，再加上路上經(jīng)常有摩托車和行人穿梭，旅游大巴甚至都看不到他們，因此這條路得了個(gè)令人沮喪的綽號(hào)——“殺手公路”)”可知，KarnaliHighway和CommonwealthAvenue的共同之處是它們的路況都很差。故選C。BImagineawarm,summerdayatJuhuBeachinMumbai.Oceanwavescrashalongtheshore;thesunshinesonthehorizon.ButwhatifthesunsetsinJuhuanddoesn’triseagainformonthsandtheseafreezesover?Well,thisisthekindofplacewhereI’veworkedoverthelastdecade.Asaseaicescientist,Ilivethroughthewinterinthe24x7polar(極地的)darknessandextremelylowtemperaturesofsix-month-longnightsintheArcticandtheAntarctic.Yet,myearlyexperienceswerefarfrompleasant.Besidesbeingunabletoclearlymarkthepassageoftime,thelackofsunlightbringsbothaphysicalandamentalsuffering.One’sbodyclockturnsoff,leadingtoconstanttirednessandlittledrivetofocusonwork.Mymoodisaveryflatsinewave(正弦波).Missingfamilyandfriendsmakesitworse.UnlikewhereIgrewup—inwarm,greenTrivandrum,Kerala,filledwithrichsights,soundsandpeople—lifeatthePolesisquiet.Asthedaysshorten,almostalllifestartstoleavelookingforwarmerlands,butthosewhostayaregreetedbybreathtakingglacier(冰川)andanotherworldlyview.Inthecoldestwintermonths,thesunseemstoliveonlyinmemory.Itsdisappearance,however,isnotreal:Polarlights,showingblue,red,yellowandgreen,snakelikewavingcurtainsacrossthedeepblacksky,remindingmethatthelightshallonedayreturnandthereiswondertoenjoy.IttookmeyearstoadaptandfallinlovewiththeseenvironmentsandnowIamexcitedtothrowmyselfintoanotherjourneyinthislandofdarknessandslow-movingtime.Whatpullsmebacktimeandagainisitsunshakablepeaceandcalmness.Itquietsyou,fillsyouwithwonderandchangesyoursoul.Beingrestlessbynature,Ihavehadtofindpatience,builddetermination,andlearnhowtosolveproblemswithoutlosingcontrol.24.Whydoestheauthoraskreaderstoimagineadayinparagraph1?A.Toinspirereaders’imagination. B.Toshowhisregretforhischoice.C.Toshareaplacehedreamtabout. D.Tostressthehardshiphesuffered.25.Howdoestheauthorprobablyfeelatthebeginningofthejob?A.Ratherexcited. B.Extremelyupset. C.Alittleenjoyable. D.Greatlynervous.26.Whatisparagraph3mainlyaboutintermsofpolarlife?A.Theamazingbeauty. B.Thescientificwonders.C.Theformergoodlives. D.Theupsettingquietness.27.Whydidtheauthorfallinlovewiththepolarlife?A.Heapreferenceforchallenges.B.Itbenefitedhisscientificexploration.C.Headaptedtothetoughenvironment.D.Itimprovedhischaracterandqualities.【答案】24.D25.B26.A27.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者以孟買朱胡海灘夏日與極寒無(wú)日景象對(duì)比，引出自身作為海冰科學(xué)家在南北極長(zhǎng)達(dá)十年的工作經(jīng)歷?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Imagineawarm,summerdayatJuhuBeachinMumbai.Oceanwavescrashalongtheshore;thesunshinesonthehorizon.ButwhatifthesunsetsinJuhuanddoesn’triseagainformonthsandtheseafreezesover?Well,thisisthekindofplacewhereI’veworkedoverthelastdecade.Asaseaicescientist,Ilivethroughthewinterinthe24x7polar(極地的)darknessandextremelylowtemperaturesofsix-month-longnightsintheArcticandtheAntarctic.(想象一個(gè)溫暖的夏日，在孟買的Juhu海灘。海浪拍打著海岸；太陽(yáng)照在地平線上。但是如果太陽(yáng)在巨湖落下，幾個(gè)月都不升起，海面結(jié)冰怎么辦？這就是我過(guò)去十年一直工作的地方。作為一名海冰科學(xué)家，我在極地24小時(shí)的黑暗中度過(guò)了冬天，在北極和南極度過(guò)了長(zhǎng)達(dá)六個(gè)月的極低溫度的夜晚。)”可知，作者先描述了孟買朱胡海灘溫暖夏日的美好景象，接著筆鋒一轉(zhuǎn)，提出如果太陽(yáng)數(shù)月不升起且大海結(jié)冰會(huì)怎樣，然后引出自己在極地工作的情況。通過(guò)這種對(duì)比，是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)他在極地工作所遭受的艱苦環(huán)境，如長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的黑暗和極低的溫度等。故選D項(xiàng)。【25題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Yet,myearlyexperienceswerefarfrompleasant.Besidesbeingunabletoclearlymarkthepassageoftime,thelackofsunlightbringsbothaphysicalandamentalsuffering.One’sbodyclockturnsoff,leadingtoconstanttirednessandlittledrivetofocusonwork.Mymoodisaveryflatsinewave(正弦波).Missingfamilyandfriendsmakesitworse.(然而，我早期的經(jīng)歷遠(yuǎn)非愉快。除了無(wú)法清楚地標(biāo)記時(shí)間的流逝外，缺少陽(yáng)光還會(huì)給身體和精神帶來(lái)痛苦。一個(gè)人的生物鐘會(huì)關(guān)閉，導(dǎo)致持續(xù)的疲勞和缺乏專注于工作的動(dòng)力。我的心情是很平的正弦波。失去家人和朋友會(huì)讓情況更糟)”可知，作者早期的經(jīng)歷一點(diǎn)也不愉快，缺乏陽(yáng)光帶來(lái)身心痛苦，生物鐘紊亂，情緒低落，還想念家人朋友，這些都表明作者一開始工作時(shí)心情極度沮喪。故選B項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“UnlikewhereIgrewup—inwarm,greenTrivandrum,Kerala,filledwithrichsights,soundsandpeople—lifeatthePolesisquiet.Asthedaysshorten,almostalllifestartstoleavelookingforwarmerlands,butthosewhostayaregreetedbybreathtakingglacier(冰川)andanotherworldlyview.Inthecoldestwintermonths,thesunseemstoliveonlyinmemory.Itsdisappearance,however,isnotreal:Polarlights,showingblue,red,yellowandgreen,snakelikewavingcurtainsacrossthedeepblacksky,remindingmethatthelightshallonedayreturnandthereiswondertoenjoy.(不像我成長(zhǎng)的地方——喀拉拉邦溫暖、綠色的特里凡得勒姆，那里充滿了豐富的風(fēng)景、聲音和人——在波蘭的生活是安靜的。隨著白晝的縮短，幾乎所有的生命都開始離開，尋找更溫暖的地方，但那些留下來(lái)的人會(huì)受到令人驚嘆的冰川和超凡脫俗的景色的歡迎。在最寒冷的冬季，太陽(yáng)似乎只存在于記憶中。然而，它的消失是不真實(shí)的：極地的燈光，呈現(xiàn)出藍(lán)色、紅色、黃色和綠色，像蛇形的窗簾在深黑的天空中搖曳，提醒我有一天光會(huì)回來(lái)，有奇跡可以享受。)”可知，第三段先將作者成長(zhǎng)的地方（充滿豐富的景象、聲音和人群）與極地生活進(jìn)行對(duì)比，指出極地生活安靜。接著描述隨著日子變短，大部分生命離開，留下來(lái)的人會(huì)看到令人驚嘆的冰川和超凡脫俗的景色，還提到在最寒冷的冬季，雖然太陽(yáng)似乎只存在于記憶中，但極光會(huì)呈現(xiàn)出各種顏色，如藍(lán)色、紅色、黃色和綠色，像舞動(dòng)的窗簾一樣劃過(guò)深邃的夜空。所以第三段主要講的是極地生活中令人驚嘆的美景。故選A項(xiàng)。【27題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“IttookmeyearstoadaptandfallinlovewiththeseenvironmentsandnowIamexcitedtothrowmyselfintoanotherjourneyinthislandofdarknessandslow-movingtime.Whatpullsmebacktimeandagainisitsunshakablepeaceandcalmness.Itquietsyou,fillsyouwithwonderandchangesyoursoul.Beingrestlessbynature,Ihavehadtofindpatience,builddetermination,andlearnhowtosolveproblemswithoutlosingcontrol.(我花了好幾年的時(shí)間來(lái)適應(yīng)和愛上這些環(huán)境，現(xiàn)在我很興奮地把自己投入到這片黑暗和緩慢移動(dòng)的時(shí)間的土地上的另一段旅程。一次次把我拉回來(lái)的是它那不可動(dòng)搖的平和與平靜。它讓你安靜下來(lái)，讓你充滿驚奇，改變你的靈魂。我天生不安分，所以我必須找到耐心，建立決心，并學(xué)會(huì)如何在不失去控制的情況下解決問(wèn)題)”可知，作者花了數(shù)年時(shí)間適應(yīng)并愛上了極地環(huán)境，是因?yàn)闃O地不可動(dòng)搖的和平與寧?kù)o讓他平靜，充滿驚奇，改變了他的靈魂，使他這個(gè)生性不安分的人學(xué)會(huì)了耐心、堅(jiān)定，并學(xué)會(huì)在不失去控制的情況下解決問(wèn)題，即極地生活提升了他的性格和品質(zhì)。故選D項(xiàng)。CHaveyouevernoticedthatpeopleoftenperformbetterwhenothersbelieveinthem?Thisphenomenoniscalledthe“PygmalionEffect”—apsychologicalrulewherehighexpectationsleadtoimprovedperformance.NamedafteraGreekmyth(神話)aboutasculptor(雕塑家)whobroughthisstatuetolifethroughbelief,thiseffectshowshowpositiveexpectationscancreaterealsuccess.Forexample,insports,acoach’strustmightpushathletestobreaktheirlimits.Theideawastestedinafamous1968studybypsychologistsRobertRosenthalandLenoreJacobson.Theytoldteachersthatcertainstudentsinaclassroomwere“l(fā)atebloomers”withhighpotential(潛能),thoughthesestudentswereactuallychosenbychance.Bytheendoftheschoolyear,thoseconsideredas“high-potential”showedmuchbettergradesandIQscores.Teachersalsoreportedthesestudentsaskingmorequestionsandshowinggreatercuriosity.Thisprovedthatteachers’beliefsaboutstudentsdirectlyinfluencedtheirperformance.ThePygmalionEffectworksthroughacycleofencouragementandbehavior.Whensomeone(e.g.ateacherormanager)believesanotherpersoncansucceed,theyunconsciouslygivemoresupport,adviceandopportunities.Forexample,ateachermightcallona“high-potential”studentmoreoftenorpraisetheirefforts,whichpromotesthestudent’sconfidenceandeffort.Overtime,thiscreatesaself-fulfillingprophecy—thebeliefthatsomethingwillhappenmakesithappen.Thiseffecthasimportantapplicationsineducation,workplaces,andparenting.Studiesshowthatwhenleadersexpressconfidenceintheirteams,productivityandcreativityincrease.Evensmallactsoftrust,likegivingthemchallengingtasks,caninspirebetterresults.Similarly,childrenwhoseparentsencouragetheirabilitiesoftendevelopstrongerskills.However,theoppositeisalsotrue:lowexpectationscanlimitgrowth.ByunderstandingthePygmalionEffect,wecancreateenvironmentswhereeveryonefeelsempoweredtoreachtheirpotential.Plus,recognizingpeople’seffortscanreallyencouragethegoodresults,helpingeveryonekeepgrowinganddeveloping.28.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinaskingaquestionatthebeginningofthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroducethetopic. B.Toopenadiscussion.C.Topresentanopinion. D.Togivesomeevidence.29.WhatdidRosenthalandJacobson’sstudyprove?A.IQtestscan’tbetrusted.B.Allstudentshaveequalpotential.C.Teachers’expectationsaffectedstudents’results.D.Studentschosenbychancebecametopperformers.30.Whatdoestheunderlinephrase“self-fulfillingprophecy”inparagraph3mean?A.Astorycomingfromancientmyths.B.Apredictionthatisbasedonscience.C.Afalsepromisewhichwasmadebyleaders.D.Abeliefthatcomestruebecausepeopleactonit.31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowTeachersManageClassroomBehaviorB.HowLowExpectationsImproveStudentGradesC.ThePygmalionEffect:HowBeliefShapesSuccessD.TheGreekMyth:Howscupltorsimproveperformance【答案】28.A29.C30.D31.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章先以提問(wèn)引入“皮格馬利翁效應(yīng)”，介紹其源于希臘神話，指高期望能提升表現(xiàn)，如教練信任助運(yùn)動(dòng)員突破極限。接著借1968年研究表明老師對(duì)學(xué)生潛力的信念會(huì)影響學(xué)生多方面表現(xiàn)。然后闡述該效應(yīng)通過(guò)鼓勵(lì)和行為循環(huán)發(fā)揮作用，形成自我實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)言。最后強(qiáng)調(diào)其在教育、職場(chǎng)和育兒等領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用，高期望促發(fā)展，低期望限成長(zhǎng)，理解此效應(yīng)利于營(yíng)造發(fā)揮潛力的環(huán)境，認(rèn)可努力推動(dòng)成長(zhǎng)?！?8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章開頭作者提出問(wèn)題“Haveyouevernoticedthatpeopleoftenperformbetterwhenothersbelieveinthem?(你有沒(méi)有注意到，當(dāng)別人信任他們時(shí)，他們往往表現(xiàn)得更好？)”，緊接著就引出了“ThePygmalionEffect”這一主題，所以作者提問(wèn)的目的是為了引入話題。故選A項(xiàng)。【29題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theytoldteachersthatcertainstudentsinaclassroomwere“l(fā)atebloomers”withhighpotential(潛能),thoughthesestudentswereactuallychosenbychance.Bytheendoftheschoolyear,thoseconsideredas“high-potential”showedmuchbettergradesandIQscores.Teachersalsoreportedthesestudentsaskingmorequestionsandshowinggreatercuriosity.Thisprovedthatteachers’beliefsaboutstudentsdirectlyinfluencedtheirperformance.(他們告訴老師，教室里的某些學(xué)生是“大器晚成者”，具有很高的潛力，盡管這些學(xué)生實(shí)際上是偶然被選中的。到學(xué)年結(jié)束時(shí)，那些被認(rèn)為是“高潛力”的學(xué)生表現(xiàn)出更好的成績(jī)和智商分?jǐn)?shù)。老師們還報(bào)告說(shuō)，這些學(xué)生問(wèn)了更多的問(wèn)題，表現(xiàn)出更大的好奇心。這證明教師對(duì)學(xué)生的信念直接影響學(xué)生的表現(xiàn)。)”可知，Rosenthal和Jacobson告訴老師一些學(xué)生有高潛力（實(shí)際上是隨機(jī)選的），到學(xué)年結(jié)束時(shí)，這些被認(rèn)為有高潛力的學(xué)生成績(jī)和智商分?jǐn)?shù)更好，也更愛提問(wèn)和有好奇心，這證明了老師對(duì)學(xué)生的期望直接影響了學(xué)生的表現(xiàn)。故選C項(xiàng)。【30題詳析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“ThePygmalionEffectworksthroughacycleofencouragementandbehavior.Whensomeone(e.g.ateacherormanager)believesanotherpersoncansucceed,theyunconsciouslygivemoresupport,adviceandopportunities.Forexample,ateachermightcallona“high-potential”studentmoreoftenorpraisetheirefforts,whichpromotesthestudent’sconfidenceandeffort.Overtime,thiscreatesaself-fulfillingprophecy—thebeliefthatsomethingwillhappenmakesithappen.(皮格馬利翁效應(yīng)通過(guò)鼓勵(lì)和行為的循環(huán)發(fā)揮作用。當(dāng)某人（例如老師或經(jīng)理）相信另一個(gè)人可以成功時(shí)，他們會(huì)無(wú)意識(shí)地給予更多的支持、建議和機(jī)會(huì)。例如，老師可能會(huì)更頻繁地拜訪“高潛力”的學(xué)生或表?yè)P(yáng)他們的努力，這可以促進(jìn)學(xué)生的信心和努力。久而久之，這就形成了一種自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的預(yù)言——相信某事會(huì)發(fā)生就會(huì)使它發(fā)生。)”可知，皮格馬利翁效應(yīng)通過(guò)鼓勵(lì)和行為的循環(huán)起作用，當(dāng)有人相信另一個(gè)人能成功時(shí)，會(huì)給予更多支持等，從而提升對(duì)方信心和努力，久而久之，這種相信某事會(huì)發(fā)生的信念會(huì)讓這件事真的發(fā)生，所以“self-fulfillingprophecy”指的是一種因?yàn)槿藗儼凑者@種信念去行動(dòng)而實(shí)現(xiàn)的信念。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要圍繞“PygmalionEffect”展開，介紹了它的來(lái)源（希臘神話）、通過(guò)研究證明其作用（老師的期望影響學(xué)生表現(xiàn)）、作用機(jī)制（鼓勵(lì)和行為的循環(huán)）以及在教育、職場(chǎng)和育兒等方面的應(yīng)用，強(qiáng)調(diào)了信念是如何塑造成功的，C選項(xiàng)“ThePygmalionEffect:HowBeliefShapesSuccess”（皮格馬利翁效應(yīng)：信念如何塑造成功）符合文章主旨，適合作為文章的標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。DBabiesexperienceafloodofinformationrelatedtothesensesfromthemomenttheyareborn.Knowingnothingabouttheworld,theymustlearntoorganizethatinformationintogroupsofthings—especiallyfaces,oneofthemostimportantsightsbabiesstarttolearnduringthefirstmonth.Arecentstudyfoundbabies’abilitytorecognizefacesishelpedbytheirmother’sbodysmell,andthattheinfluenceofsmellweakensasbabiesgrow.Thisbroadensscientists’understandingofhowusingmultiple(多種的)sensestogetherplaysaroleinearlylearning.Dr.ArnaudLeleu,aneuro-scientistandtheleaderoftheresearchteam,usedEEG(腦電圖)torecordthebrainactivityof50babieswithdifferentageswhiletheywatchedastreamofsiximagespersecond.Amongeachsixthimagewasahumanface,andtheotherswereanimalsorthings.Theresearchersexpectedthatifthebabieswerefocusingspecialattentiononfaces,therewouldbeaonce-per-secondsharpriseonEEGtomatchtheappearanceofthefaceimages—aso-calledface-selectivereaction.TheyalsogavethebabiesT-shirtswiththeirmothers’bodysmelltoseetheirreactionchanges.Overall,face-selectivereactionsgrewstrongerandmoredetailedwithage.Buttheteamalsofoundthemothers’bodysmellenhance(增強(qiáng))babies’attentiontofacesintheyoungestbabiesandthatthisenhancementslowlylessenedinolderbabies.“Thiscouldmeanyoungbabiesdependmoreontheirmother’ssmellbecausetheirabilitytoidentifyfacesusingsightaloneisstilldeveloping,”Leleusays.Thefindingsshowtheimportanceoflearningthroughmultiplesensesearlyinlife.“Tohelpbabieslearn,weshoulduseallthesenses,”Leleusays.“Oursenseshelpusrecognizetheworld,formingthebasisforideas,language,andmemories”.Heisnowstudyingfurtherthesmell’seffectonhowwesensetheworldinotheragegroups.Hesayshe’sfindingthatifathinkingtaskismadedifficultenough,evenadultscanusetheirnosestohelp.32.Whatdoestherecentresearchfocuson?A.Babies’recognitionabilities. B.Mother’snaturalbodysmells.C.Scientists’experimentinsmell. D.Multiplesensesinearlylearning.33.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“face-selectivereaction”inparagraph3?A.Ithappenswhenbabiesfocusonfaces.B.Itappearstobeaone-secondsharprise.C.Itshowsbrainactivitiesrelatedtosmell.D.Itisbabies’reactiontomothers’clothes.34.WhatcanweinferaboutLeleu’sexperimentinthepassage?A.Babies’learningbeginswithsenseofsmell.B.Humanlearningabilitiesdecreasewithage.C.Senseofsmellcanmakeupforthatofsight.D.Bodysmellenhanceshumanunderstanding.35.WhatmightDr.Leleuaimtoexplorenextinhisresearch?A.TheeffectivenessofEEGinenhancingadultmemory.B.Howadultsusesmelltohelpsolvedifficultmentaltasks.C.Whybabiesrecognizeanimalfacesfasterthanhumanfaces.D.Thelinkbetweensmellandlanguagedevelopmentinbabies.【答案】32.D33.A34.C35.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了嬰兒早期學(xué)習(xí)中多種感官的作用?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Arecentstudyfoundbabies’abilitytorecognizefacesishelpedbytheirmother’sbodysmell,andthattheinfluenceofsmellweakensasbabiesgrow.Thisbroadensscientists’understandingofhowusingmultiple(多種的)sensestogetherplaysaroleinearlylearning.(最近的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，嬰兒識(shí)別面孔的能力受到母親體味的幫助，而嗅覺(jué)的影響會(huì)隨著嬰兒的成長(zhǎng)而減弱。這拓寬了科學(xué)家對(duì)結(jié)合使用多種感官如何在早期學(xué)習(xí)中發(fā)揮作用的理解)”可知，最近的研究聚焦于早期學(xué)習(xí)中的多種感官。故選D?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theresearchersexpectedthatifthebabieswerefocusingspecialattentiononfaces,therewouldbeaonce-per-secondsharpriseonEEGtomatchtheappearanceofthefaceimages—aso-calledface-selectivereaction.(研究人員預(yù)計(jì)，如果嬰兒特別關(guān)注面部，腦電圖每秒會(huì)出現(xiàn)一次急劇上升，以匹配面部圖像的外觀——這就是所謂的面部選擇性反應(yīng))”可知，“面選擇性反應(yīng)”發(fā)生在嬰兒關(guān)注面部時(shí)。故選A。【34題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段““Thiscouldmeanyoungbabiesdependmoreontheirmother’ssmellbecausetheirabilitytoidentifyfacesusingsightaloneisstilldeveloping,”Leleusays.(“這可能意味著年幼的嬰兒更加依賴母親的氣味，因?yàn)樗麄儍H憑視覺(jué)識(shí)別面孔的能力仍在發(fā)展中，”Leleu說(shuō))”可知，小嬰兒更多依賴母親的氣味是因?yàn)樗麄儍H靠視覺(jué)識(shí)別面孔的能力還在發(fā)展中，由此可推斷出嗅覺(jué)可以彌補(bǔ)視覺(jué)的不足。故選C?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Heisnowstudyingfurtherthesmell’seffectonhowwesensetheworldinotheragegroups.Hesayshe’sfindingthatifathinkingtaskismadedifficultenough,evenadultscanusetheirnosestohelp.(他現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)一步研究氣味對(duì)其他年齡段人群感知世界的方式的影響。他說(shuō)，他發(fā)現(xiàn)如果一項(xiàng)思考任務(wù)變得足夠困難，即使是成年人也可以用鼻子來(lái)幫忙)”可推知，Leleu博士接下來(lái)可能旨在探索成年人如何利用嗅覺(jué)來(lái)幫助解決困難的心理任務(wù)。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Startinganewenvironmental-friendlyhabitcanbeverydifficult.New“green”productsarepoppingupeverydaybuttoohardtolear