PAGE2/2【名師原創(chuàng)】：Unit4易混易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)辨析●information;message【教材原句】IoftensearchforinformationformyprojectontheInternet.(教材P6)Ifyourblogavatarisapictureofacutecat,yourmessageis“Ilikerelaxingandhavingfun”.(教材P9)Youcanalsouseavatarsthatmovearoundandtalkwhenyoutypeinyourmessage.(教材P9)Wheneversomeoneneedshelp,friendsfromallovertheworldcanimmediatelyprovideusefulsuggestionsorinformation.(教材P16)【辨析】?jī)烧叨加小靶畔ⅰ钡囊馑?，但又有一定的區(qū)別。information意思是“信息、消息、情報(bào)、資料、資訊，通知”，是不可數(shù)名詞，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，前面不能直接加不定冠詞“an”；“一條信息”的表達(dá)為：apieceofinformation/anitemofinformation/anarticleofinformation或者someinformation?！霸S多信息”是manypiecesof

information，還有：asourceofinformation消息來(lái)源；collect/gather/obtain/receiveinformation收集/搜集/獲取/接收信息；provide/give/passoninformation提供/給予/傳遞信息.也可作“知識(shí)”解,其后常接介詞on/about/concerning等。message意思是“（書(shū)面或口頭的）信息、留言，消息、電郵（或手機(jī)）信息、（書(shū)籍、演講的）要點(diǎn)”，為可數(shù)名詞，也可以做及物動(dòng)詞，表示“向（某人）傳送（電子信息）”的意思。【例句呈現(xiàn)】Furtherinformationisavailablefromthelocaltouristoffice.進(jìn)一步詳情可向當(dāng)?shù)氐穆糜无k事處查詢(xún)。Theconferenceisagoodplacetoshareinformationandexchangeideas.研討會(huì)是互通信息、交流思想的好場(chǎng)所。Theinformationisprocessedinarandomorder.信息是按隨機(jī)順序處理的。Theyquestionedtheaccuracyoftheinformationinthefile.他們懷疑檔案中信息的正確性。It'salotofinformationtoabsorballatonce.要一下子消化這么多資料，真是很難。Themessageiscomingthroughloudandclear.消息傳達(dá)得清楚明白。Amessageisjustcomingthrough.剛有消息傳來(lái)。Woulditbepossibleformetoleaveamessageforher?我可以給她留個(gè)話(huà)兒?jiǎn)?？Whatsortofmessageisthatsendingtoyoungpeople?這給年輕人傳達(dá)的是什么樣的信息呢？Peoplewhomessagesomeonealotfeelunpopulariftheydon'tgetmanyback.如果人們發(fā)出大量短信但收到的回復(fù)卻不多，就會(huì)覺(jué)得自己不受歡迎?！究键c(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)】根據(jù)information和message的用法填空1.Patrefusedtogiveherany________aboutSarah.2.Igota_______youweretryingtoreachme.3.Herefusedtocommentbeforealltherelevant________wasseen.4.Therewereno________formeatthehotel.5.Sofarfurther________hasnotbeenprovided.6.We'vehadanurgent________sayingthatyourfather'sill.7.Severalpeoplecameforwardwithmuch_________.8.Therewerefour________inmyinbox.9.Inordertogetacompletepicture,further_______isneeded.10.LastnightJack_______metotellthathehadcaughtabadcold.【參考答案】1.information;2.message;3.information;4.messages;5.information;6.message;7.information;8.messages;9.information;10.messaged●realize;cometrue【教材原句】WhenInternetusersrealizedthattheiravatarswouldbeseenbymanypeople,notjusttheirfriends,theystartedhavingmorethanoneavatar:asensibleoneforwork;afriendly,good-lookingoneformeetingpeople;andasillyoneforhavingfun.(教材P9)【辨析】?jī)烧叨加小皩?shí)現(xiàn)”的意思，但用法有區(qū)別。realizevt.意思是=1\*GB3①“實(shí)現(xiàn)，使…..成為現(xiàn)實(shí)”=2\*GB3②“認(rèn)識(shí)到，意識(shí)到”（通常不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)）。cometrue是系表結(jié)構(gòu),無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：sth.come(s)true，這里的come為系動(dòng)詞，表示“變成”的意思?！纠涑尸F(xiàn)】Thesepredictionswillcometrueiftechnologycontinuestodevelop.如果科技不斷發(fā)展，這些預(yù)言將會(huì)成真。Hisdreamwillcometruesoonerorlater.他的理想遲早會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。Herwishtobecomeadoctorhascometrue.她想當(dāng)醫(yī)生的愿望實(shí)現(xiàn)了。Allourdreamscancometrueifwehavethecouragetopursuethem.只要有勇氣去追求，一切夢(mèng)想皆可成真。Peoplethinkalltheyneedtodoisendureonecrazy,intense,job-freecreativeburstandtheirdreamswillcometrue.人們認(rèn)為他們所需要做的事是忍耐一個(gè)瘋狂，強(qiáng)烈的，無(wú)責(zé)任的創(chuàng)意突發(fā)而他們的夢(mèng)想將成真。MydreamofgettingintoBeijinguniversityhascometrue.去北京大學(xué)讀書(shū)讓我的夢(mèng)想成真。ThemomentIsawher,Irealizedsomethingwaswrong.我一看到她，就覺(jué)得不太對(duì)勁。Idon'tthinkyourealizehowimportantthisistoher.我認(rèn)為你沒(méi)有意識(shí)到這對(duì)她是多么重要。Thesituationwasmorecomplicatedthantheyhadatfirstrealized.形勢(shì)比他們最初意識(shí)到的更為復(fù)雜。Theymanagedtoleavewithoutanyofusrealizing.我們誰(shuí)也沒(méi)注意，他們悄悄走了。Onlylaterdidsherealizehermistake.只是到了后來(lái)她才意識(shí)到自己的錯(cuò)誤。Thoseareourhopes;wearestartingthisclinicaltrialtoinvestigatewhetherthosehopeswillberealized.那些就是我們的希望；我們正在開(kāi)展這些臨床試驗(yàn)以調(diào)查那些希望是否可以實(shí)現(xiàn)。Varioustextiletechniqueswillbeexploredtorealizedesignpossibilities.將嘗試和探索紡織技巧來(lái)把這些設(shè)計(jì)變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)。Doyourealizetheimportanceofthisquestion?你意識(shí)到這個(gè)問(wèn)題的重要性嗎?Onlythendidherealizethathehadbeenwrong.直到這時(shí)他才知道他錯(cuò)了.【考點(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)】用cometrue或realize的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Thejoblesscanonlyhopethatsuchpredictionswill______.2.Everyminuteyouaremakingallyourdreams______!3.Whatdreamswouldyouliketosee________?4.DidTom’spredictionsaboutthegulfecosystem_______?5.Assoonaswe_______somethingwaswrong,wemovedthechildrenaway.6.Peopledon't_______howseriousthisrecessionhasactuallybeen.7.Therewasacheerwhenit________thateveryonewassafelyback.8.She_________herambitionofbecomingaprofessionalsingeratlast.9.Ittakespatienceforhumansto______theirdreams10.Itcannot________withouttechnologicalinnovation.【參考答案】1.cometrue/berealized;2.cometrue/realized;3.cometrue/realized;4.cometrue;5.realized;6.realize;7.cametrue/wasrealized;8.realized;9.realize;10.cometrue/realize●spend;cost;pay【教材原句】Someusersworrythattheyarespendingsomuchtimeinvirtualworldsthattheyarebecomingafraidofmeetingpeopleintherealworld.(教材P9)【辨析】三個(gè)詞都有“花錢(qián)”之意，但用法上有一定的區(qū)別。spend主語(yǔ)一般是人，常用在以下結(jié)構(gòu)中：sb.spendsometime/moneyonsth.某人在某事上花費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢(qián)sb.spendsometime/money(in)doingsth.某人花費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢(qián)做某事sb.spendmoneyforsth.花錢(qián)買(mǎi)某物cost主語(yǔ)是某物或某事，常用在以下機(jī)構(gòu)中：sth.cost(sb.)sometime某物花了（某人）多少錢(qián)(doing)sth.cost(sb.)sometime/effort（做）某事花費(fèi)（耗費(fèi)）（某人）多少時(shí)間或努力；cost也可以作名詞，表示“費(fèi)用，成本”。pay主語(yǔ)一般是人，表示“付款，賠償”,常用在以下結(jié)構(gòu)中：sb.paysomemoneyforsth.某人為某物付錢(qián)sb.paysb.somemoneyforsth.某人付給某人買(mǎi)….的錢(qián)sb.packsomemoneyback某人還錢(qián)sb.payoffmoney/debt某人還清錢(qián)或債【例句呈現(xiàn)】She

spent

￡100onanewdress.她花100英鎊買(mǎi)了一條新連衣裙。Howlongdidyou

spend

onyourhomework?你做家庭作業(yè)用了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？Shewouldpinchonfoodinorderto

spend

onclothing.她過(guò)去常把伙食費(fèi)省下來(lái)買(mǎi)衣服.I

spend

mostofmyworkingdaysittingatadesk.我一天之中大部分工作時(shí)間都坐在辦公桌旁。Wecalculatedthecostofbuildinganewhouse.

我們計(jì)算了造一座新房子的費(fèi)用。Thatcarmusthavecostabundle.

這輛汽車(chē)一定值很多錢(qián)。Howmuchdothevegetablescost?

這些蔬菜值多少錢(qián)？Theworkwascostbytheengineerat$50,000.

這項(xiàng)工程據(jù)工程師估價(jià)為50000美元。Letmepayfordinner.

晚飯讓我來(lái)付。He'llhavetopayoffallhisdebts.

他必須償清他的一切債務(wù)?！究键c(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)】根據(jù)spend,cost和pay的用法填空1.She

spends

toomucheffort_______thingsthatdon'tmatter.2.Businessmen

spend

enormousamounts_______(advertise)theirproducts.3.Youshould

spend

timeonbasictraining,not______thoseflourishes.4.Thecompanyhas

spent

thousandsofpounds_______(update)theircomputersystems.5.Thisenergycouldbemuchbetter

spent

_______(take)somepositiveaction.6.Thenewcarwill_______(cost/pay)5000atthelowestcomputation.

7.Finishingtheproject________(cost/pay)themtwoyears.8.Theypaid3,000yuan________thesedesks.9.Aftertenyearsofhardwork,shepaid________allherdebtsatlast.10.Theoldwoman________(cost/paid)20dollarsforthethreebooksinEnglish.【參考答案】1.on;2.advertising;3.on;4.updating;5.taking;6.cost;7.cost;8.for;9.off/back;10.paid●主語(yǔ)+beafraidofdoingsth.;主語(yǔ)+beafraidtodosth.【教材原句】Someusersworrythattheyarespendingsomuchtimeinvirtualworldsthattheyarebecomingafraidofmeetingpeopleintherealworld.(教材P9)【辨析】?jī)蓚€(gè)短語(yǔ)都有“怕做某事”的意思,但實(shí)際含義及涉及語(yǔ)境有明顯區(qū)。主語(yǔ)+be/becomeafraidofdoingsth.表示主語(yǔ)擔(dān)心做了某事會(huì)出現(xiàn)某種后果。主語(yǔ)+be/becomeafraidtodosth.表示主語(yǔ)沒(méi)有膽量做某事，對(duì)做某事感到恐懼?！纠涑尸F(xiàn)】Theyareafraidtoswimbecausetheyareafraidofdrowning.他們不敢游泳，因?yàn)樗麄儞?dān)心會(huì)被淹死。Theymaybeafraidoflosingyou.他們可能害怕失去你。Shewasafraidofwakingherhusband.她怕吵醒她丈夫。Iwasafraidofhurtinghisfeelings.我怕傷了他的感情。Hecamelatetoschoolandwasafraidofbeingscoldedbytheteacher.他上學(xué)遲到了,害怕被老師責(zé)備。Heisafraidofbeingbeatenbyhisfather.他怕被他爸打。Don'tbeafraidtotalktosomeonewhohasmoreexperience.不要害怕與有更多經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人交談。Don'tbeafraidtoexperiment.別害怕做嘗試。Iwantyoutoneverbeafraidtomakeadecision任何時(shí)候都不要害怕做決定。Don'tbeafraidtoaskforadviceaboutorderingthemeal點(diǎn)餐時(shí)可以大膽征求意見(jiàn)。Theseboysareafraidtospeakinfrontoftheaudience.這些孩子不敢在眾人面前說(shuō)話(huà)。Itiscommonforchildrentobeafraidtosleepalone.小孩子不敢一個(gè)人睡覺(jué)是很常見(jiàn)的?！究键c(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)】根據(jù)beafraidofdoingsth.和beafraidtodosth.的用法填空1.Don'tbeafraid_______(stand)upforyourself.2.Criticizeyourselfwhenyou'vemadeamistake.Don'tbeafraid_____(lose)face.3.I’mafraid______(jump)intotheriver.4.Don'tbeafraid______(make)mistakesandwecanlearnfromthem!5.Don'tbeafraid______(laugh)atbyothers.6.Tomwasafraid_______(answer)questionsatclass.7.Thegirlisafraidtoridethebikebecausesheisafraid_______(fall)downfromit.8.Hewasafraid_______(go)outaloneatnight.9.I’mafraid_______(speak)EnglishbeforesomanypeoplebecauseI’mafraidofmakingmistakes.10.Heisafraid_______(touch)thesnake.【參考答案】1.tostand;2.oflosing;3.tojump;4.ofmaking;5.ofbeinglaugh;6.toanswer;7.offalling;8.togo;9.tospeak;10.totouch●compare….to….；compare…with….;compareAandB【教材原句】HowmanyfollowersdoIhave?—thoughweknowthatthenumberof“l(fā)ikes”orfollowerscannotcomparetohavinglong-termandrewardingfriendships.(教材P15)【辨析】?jī)烧叨加小鞍选?.和…..比較/相比”的意思，但有一定區(qū)別。compare….to…..意思是=1\*GB3①把…..與…..比較/相比，此時(shí)，可與compare….With….互換。=2\*GB3②把…..比作/比喻為…..，表示這一意思時(shí)，不可與compare…..with….互換。compare….with….意思是“把…..與…..比較/相比”,指研判人與人之間、事物與事物之間相同或相異的程度,compare的名詞是comparison,請(qǐng)注意以下詞組：comparenoteswithsb.與某人交換意見(jiàn)。by/incomparisonwith、to….與….相比compareAandB意思是“對(duì)比A和B”【例句呈現(xiàn)】Comparethisto/withthat,andyou’llseewhichisbetter.把這個(gè)和那個(gè)相比，你就能看出哪個(gè)更好。Michael’snewhouseislikeahugepalace,comparedto/withhisoldone.與邁克的舊房子比起來(lái)，他的新房子像個(gè)大宮殿。Nothingcancomparewith/toamother’slove.沒(méi)有什么能與母愛(ài)相比。Thishousedoesn’tcomparewith/toourpreviousone.這房子不如我們以前的房子。Pleasecompareyourtranslationwith/tothemodeltranslationontheblackboard.

請(qǐng)把你們的翻譯和黑板上的翻譯例子相比較。

Wecomparedthebravemantoalion.我們把勇敢的人比作雄獅。Youngpeopleareoftencomparedtotherisingsun.年輕人常被比作冉冉升起的太陽(yáng)。Weoftencompareateachertoacandle．

我們常把老師比喻成蠟燭。

Poetshavecomparedsleeptodeath.

詩(shī)人將睡眠比作死。

Bookscanbecomparedtofriends.

書(shū)可以比喻為朋友。

It’seasiertocompareBritishandAmericanEnglishnowthatwehavetheInternet.有了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，我們就更容易比較英式英語(yǔ)和美式英語(yǔ)了。【考點(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)】根據(jù)compare的用法填空并注意動(dòng)詞形式1.Filmhasamuchshorterhistory,especiallywhen________(compare)tosuchartformsasmusicandpainting.2.You’llbecompared_______agiantwhenyoudevoteyourselftocountry.3.Ourworkcanbecompared_______abattle.4.Theboyalwayscomparedhistoys________otherboys’toys.

5.Shakespearecomparedtheworld______astage.6._______withotheryears,wereceivedmanymorephotos.

7.Iintendedtocomparenotes_______afriend,butunfortunatelytheycouldn’tsparemeevenoneminute.8._______withsilk,cottonischeap.9.By/Incomparison________lastyear,thepriceofbeefhasincreased.10.Worstofall,Igetalargerquantityofhomework,_________tothem.【參考答案】1.compared;2.to;3.to;4.with/to;5.to;6.Compared;7.with;8.Compared;9.with/to;10.compared●face-to-face;facetoface【教材原句】Firstly,talkingonlineisnoreplacementforface-to-facecontact—imagesreallycannotreplaceareal-lifesmileorhug.(教材P15)【辨析】?jī)烧叨伎梢员硎尽懊鎸?duì)面”，但詞性和用法不同。face-to-face是形容詞，放在名詞前修飾名詞，作定語(yǔ)。facetoface是副詞短語(yǔ)，在句中修飾動(dòng)詞，作狀語(yǔ)?！纠涑尸F(xiàn)】Videoandaudioonlinecommunicationcanfunctionequallylikeface-to-facecommunication.在線的視頻和語(yǔ)音聊天就等同于面對(duì)面交流。Theissuewhetherface-to-facecommunicationisbetterthananyothercommunicationmeansisquitecontroversial.面對(duì)面交流是否優(yōu)越于其他交流方式，這一話(huà)題引起了人們的爭(zhēng)議。Caniteverbepossibletoreplaceface-to-facecontacteffectivelyonanonlinecourse?在線項(xiàng)目有可能真的取代面對(duì)面交流嗎？Emailcontactisgreat,ofcourse,butnothingbeatsface-to-facecommunication.當(dāng)然，電子郵件聯(lián)系很好，但沒(méi)有什么能比得上面對(duì)面的交流。Recordingotherpeople'sface-to-faceconversations記錄別人面對(duì)面的談話(huà)Thiscontagiousdiseaseisspreadbyface-to-facecontactwithaninfectedperson.天花是一種傳染病，和病人面對(duì)面接觸就會(huì)被傳染。Idealwithcustomersonthephoneandrarelymeetthemfacetoface.在生意場(chǎng)上，通過(guò)與盡可能多的人面對(duì)面地打交道來(lái)建立工作關(guān)系很重要。Whynothaveitoutwithyourcritic,discussthewholethingfacetoface?為什么不和批評(píng)你的人講個(gè)明白，面對(duì)面地把整件事情談一談呢？You'renotgettinganythinguntilwemeetfacetoface.除非我們見(jiàn)面否則你什么也別想知道Shewasatanearlyagebroughtfacetofacewiththehorrorsofwar.她年幼時(shí)就面臨戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的恐怖。Hereyesflickedfromfacetoface.她的眼光掃過(guò)人們的臉。Eventually,hecamefacetofacewithdiscriminationagain最終，他又一次遭遇歧視?！究键c(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)】用face-to-face和facetoface填空1.Idealwithcustomersonthephoneandrarelymeetthem________.2.A_______communicationisthemostintimate.3.Iwouldstillgettoseeyou_______.4.Theyhad________talkwitheachotheryesterday.5.Heneededtoknowthetruth.Youcould'vetoldhim________.6.Itwasthefirst_________meetingbetweenthetwomen.7.Itmayseemtoyounotquiterealuntilyoumeetit________.8.Studentsneedtospendatleastasmuchtimewiththeiron-linecourseworkastheywouldina_________classroomcourse.9.So,wemakesurestaffcanregularlytalktotheirmanagers_______10.Thirtydayswithout_____contactisusuallyagoodstartingpointforarelationshipbreak.11.That'sahardspottoreachifyou'refighting_______.12.Butaree-visitsasgoodas________consultation?【參考答案】1.facetoface;2.face-to-face;3.facetoface;4.face-to-face;5.facetoface;6.face-to-face;7.facetoface;8.face-to-face;9.facetoface;10.face-to-face;11.facetoface;12.face-to-face●whenever…,nomatterwhen…【教材原句】Wheneversomeoneneedhelp,friendsfromalloverworldcanimmediatelyprovideusefulsuggestionsorinformation.(教材P16)【辨析】?jī)烧叨加小盁o(wú)論什么時(shí)候，不管什么時(shí)候”的意思，意思基本一致，但用法稍有區(qū)別。whenever….既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。

nomatterwhen…只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，此時(shí)可以和whenever互換。溫馨提示：whatever/nomaterwhat;wherever/nomatterwhere;whichever/nomatterwhich;whoever/nomatterwho;however/nomatterhow的用法與whenever/nomatterwhen的用法基本相同。

【例句呈現(xiàn)】Whenever/nomatterwhenyoumovetoanewarea,youshouldlocatethefirealarmpullstationsandthetwoexitsnearestyourroom.無(wú)論何時(shí)你搬到一個(gè)新的地方,你都應(yīng)該找到火警報(bào)警站和離你房間最近的兩個(gè)出口。Whenevertheygoabroaddependsonthepassports.不管他們什么時(shí)候出國(guó)，都要取決于簽證。However/nomatterhowyoulookatit,it'sgoingtocostalot.不管你怎么看，它都要花很多錢(qián)。Shehasthewindowopen,however/nomatterhowcolditisoutside.不管外面多冷她都開(kāi)著窗戶(hù)。Howevergothereisamatter.無(wú)論如何去那里都是個(gè)問(wèn)題。Hehiredhimselfouttowhoeverneededhisservices.他以前從事臨時(shí)服務(wù)業(yè)。Comeoutofthere,whoever/nomatterhowyouare.不管你是誰(shuí)，從那里出來(lái)吧。Amediacircussurroundedtheroyalcouplewherever/nomatterwheretheywent.無(wú)論王室夫婦走到何處，他們的身后都會(huì)跟著一大群媒體記者。Whereverhegoesisunimportant.不管他去哪里都不重要。Whatever/nomatterwhatsystemyouchoose,itmust