PAGE2/2【名師原創(chuàng)】：Unit4易混易錯點辨析●information;message【教材原句】IoftensearchforinformationformyprojectontheInternet.(教材P6)Ifyourblogavatarisapictureofacutecat,yourmessageis“Ilikerelaxingandhavingfun”.(教材P9)Youcanalsouseavatarsthatmovearoundandtalkwhenyoutypeinyourmessage.(教材P9)Wheneversomeoneneedshelp,friendsfromallovertheworldcanimmediatelyprovideusefulsuggestionsorinformation.(教材P16)【辨析】兩者都有“信息”的意思，但又有一定的區(qū)別。information意思是“信息、消息、情報、資料、資訊，通知”，是不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復數(shù)形式，前面不能直接加不定冠詞“an”；“一條信息”的表達為：apieceofinformation/anitemofinformation/anarticleofinformation或者someinformation?！霸S多信息”是manypiecesof

information，還有：asourceofinformation消息來源；collect/gather/obtain/receiveinformation收集/搜集/獲取/接收信息；provide/give/passoninformation提供/給予/傳遞信息.也可作“知識”解,其后常接介詞on/about/concerning等。message意思是“（書面或口頭的）信息、留言，消息、電郵（或手機）信息、（書籍、演講的）要點”，為可數(shù)名詞，也可以做及物動詞，表示“向（某人）傳送（電子信息）”的意思?！纠涑尸F(xiàn)】Furtherinformationisavailablefromthelocaltouristoffice.進一步詳情可向當?shù)氐穆糜无k事處查詢。Theconferenceisagoodplacetoshareinformationandexchangeideas.研討會是互通信息、交流思想的好場所。Theinformationisprocessedinarandomorder.信息是按隨機順序處理的。Theyquestionedtheaccuracyoftheinformationinthefile.他們懷疑檔案中信息的正確性。It'salotofinformationtoabsorballatonce.要一下子消化這么多資料，真是很難。Themessageiscomingthroughloudandclear.消息傳達得清楚明白。Amessageisjustcomingthrough.剛有消息傳來。Woulditbepossibleformetoleaveamessageforher?我可以給她留個話兒嗎？Whatsortofmessageisthatsendingtoyoungpeople?這給年輕人傳達的是什么樣的信息呢？Peoplewhomessagesomeonealotfeelunpopulariftheydon'tgetmanyback.如果人們發(fā)出大量短信但收到的回復卻不多，就會覺得自己不受歡迎。【考點過關】根據(jù)information和message的用法填空1.Patrefusedtogiveherany________aboutSarah.2.Igota_______youweretryingtoreachme.3.Herefusedtocommentbeforealltherelevant________wasseen.4.Therewereno________formeatthehotel.5.Sofarfurther________hasnotbeenprovided.6.We'vehadanurgent________sayingthatyourfather'sill.7.Severalpeoplecameforwardwithmuch_________.8.Therewerefour________inmyinbox.9.Inordertogetacompletepicture,further_______isneeded.10.LastnightJack_______metotellthathehadcaughtabadcold.【參考答案】1.information;2.message;3.information;4.messages;5.information;6.message;7.information;8.messages;9.information;10.messaged●realize;cometrue【教材原句】WhenInternetusersrealizedthattheiravatarswouldbeseenbymanypeople,notjusttheirfriends,theystartedhavingmorethanoneavatar:asensibleoneforwork;afriendly,good-lookingoneformeetingpeople;andasillyoneforhavingfun.(教材P9)【辨析】兩者都有“實現(xiàn)”的意思，但用法有區(qū)別。realizevt.意思是=1\*GB3①“實現(xiàn)，使…..成為現(xiàn)實”=2\*GB3②“認識到，意識到”（通常不用于進行時態(tài)）。cometrue是系表結構,無被動語態(tài),句型結構為：sth.come(s)true，這里的come為系動詞，表示“變成”的意思?！纠涑尸F(xiàn)】Thesepredictionswillcometrueiftechnologycontinuestodevelop.如果科技不斷發(fā)展，這些預言將會成真。Hisdreamwillcometruesoonerorlater.他的理想遲早會實現(xiàn)。Herwishtobecomeadoctorhascometrue.她想當醫(yī)生的愿望實現(xiàn)了。Allourdreamscancometrueifwehavethecouragetopursuethem.只要有勇氣去追求，一切夢想皆可成真。Peoplethinkalltheyneedtodoisendureonecrazy,intense,job-freecreativeburstandtheirdreamswillcometrue.人們認為他們所需要做的事是忍耐一個瘋狂，強烈的，無責任的創(chuàng)意突發(fā)而他們的夢想將成真。MydreamofgettingintoBeijinguniversityhascometrue.去北京大學讀書讓我的夢想成真。ThemomentIsawher,Irealizedsomethingwaswrong.我一看到她，就覺得不太對勁。Idon'tthinkyourealizehowimportantthisistoher.我認為你沒有意識到這對她是多么重要。Thesituationwasmorecomplicatedthantheyhadatfirstrealized.形勢比他們最初意識到的更為復雜。Theymanagedtoleavewithoutanyofusrealizing.我們誰也沒注意，他們悄悄走了。Onlylaterdidsherealizehermistake.只是到了后來她才意識到自己的錯誤。Thoseareourhopes;wearestartingthisclinicaltrialtoinvestigatewhetherthosehopeswillberealized.那些就是我們的希望；我們正在開展這些臨床試驗以調查那些希望是否可以實現(xiàn)。Varioustextiletechniqueswillbeexploredtorealizedesignpossibilities.將嘗試和探索紡織技巧來把這些設計變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實。Doyourealizetheimportanceofthisquestion?你意識到這個問題的重要性嗎?Onlythendidherealizethathehadbeenwrong.直到這時他才知道他錯了.【考點過關】用cometrue或realize的適當形式填空1.Thejoblesscanonlyhopethatsuchpredictionswill______.2.Everyminuteyouaremakingallyourdreams______!3.Whatdreamswouldyouliketosee________?4.DidTom’spredictionsaboutthegulfecosystem_______?5.Assoonaswe_______somethingwaswrong,wemovedthechildrenaway.6.Peopledon't_______howseriousthisrecessionhasactuallybeen.7.Therewasacheerwhenit________thateveryonewassafelyback.8.She_________herambitionofbecomingaprofessionalsingeratlast.9.Ittakespatienceforhumansto______theirdreams10.Itcannot________withouttechnologicalinnovation.【參考答案】1.cometrue/berealized;2.cometrue/realized;3.cometrue/realized;4.cometrue;5.realized;6.realize;7.cametrue/wasrealized;8.realized;9.realize;10.cometrue/realize●spend;cost;pay【教材原句】Someusersworrythattheyarespendingsomuchtimeinvirtualworldsthattheyarebecomingafraidofmeetingpeopleintherealworld.(教材P9)【辨析】三個詞都有“花錢”之意，但用法上有一定的區(qū)別。spend主語一般是人，常用在以下結構中：sb.spendsometime/moneyonsth.某人在某事上花費時間或金錢sb.spendsometime/money(in)doingsth.某人花費時間或金錢做某事sb.spendmoneyforsth.花錢買某物cost主語是某物或某事，常用在以下機構中：sth.cost(sb.)sometime某物花了（某人）多少錢(doing)sth.cost(sb.)sometime/effort（做）某事花費（耗費）（某人）多少時間或努力；cost也可以作名詞，表示“費用，成本”。pay主語一般是人，表示“付款，賠償”,常用在以下結構中：sb.paysomemoneyforsth.某人為某物付錢sb.paysb.somemoneyforsth.某人付給某人買….的錢sb.packsomemoneyback某人還錢sb.payoffmoney/debt某人還清錢或債【例句呈現(xiàn)】She

spent

￡100onanewdress.她花100英鎊買了一條新連衣裙。Howlongdidyou

spend

onyourhomework?你做家庭作業(yè)用了多長時間？Shewouldpinchonfoodinorderto

spend

onclothing.她過去常把伙食費省下來買衣服.I

spend

mostofmyworkingdaysittingatadesk.我一天之中大部分工作時間都坐在辦公桌旁。Wecalculatedthecostofbuildinganewhouse.

我們計算了造一座新房子的費用。Thatcarmusthavecostabundle.

這輛汽車一定值很多錢。Howmuchdothevegetablescost?

這些蔬菜值多少錢？Theworkwascostbytheengineerat$50,000.

這項工程據(jù)工程師估價為50000美元。Letmepayfordinner.

晚飯讓我來付。He'llhavetopayoffallhisdebts.

他必須償清他的一切債務?！究键c過關】根據(jù)spend,cost和pay的用法填空1.She

spends

toomucheffort_______thingsthatdon'tmatter.2.Businessmen

spend

enormousamounts_______(advertise)theirproducts.3.Youshould

spend

timeonbasictraining,not______thoseflourishes.4.Thecompanyhas

spent

thousandsofpounds_______(update)theircomputersystems.5.Thisenergycouldbemuchbetter

spent

_______(take)somepositiveaction.6.Thenewcarwill_______(cost/pay)5000atthelowestcomputation.

7.Finishingtheproject________(cost/pay)themtwoyears.8.Theypaid3,000yuan________thesedesks.9.Aftertenyearsofhardwork,shepaid________allherdebtsatlast.10.Theoldwoman________(cost/paid)20dollarsforthethreebooksinEnglish.【參考答案】1.on;2.advertising;3.on;4.updating;5.taking;6.cost;7.cost;8.for;9.off/back;10.paid●主語+beafraidofdoingsth.;主語+beafraidtodosth.【教材原句】Someusersworrythattheyarespendingsomuchtimeinvirtualworldsthattheyarebecomingafraidofmeetingpeopleintherealworld.(教材P9)【辨析】兩個短語都有“怕做某事”的意思,但實際含義及涉及語境有明顯區(qū)。主語+be/becomeafraidofdoingsth.表示主語擔心做了某事會出現(xiàn)某種后果。主語+be/becomeafraidtodosth.表示主語沒有膽量做某事，對做某事感到恐懼?！纠涑尸F(xiàn)】Theyareafraidtoswimbecausetheyareafraidofdrowning.他們不敢游泳，因為他們擔心會被淹死。Theymaybeafraidoflosingyou.他們可能害怕失去你。Shewasafraidofwakingherhusband.她怕吵醒她丈夫。Iwasafraidofhurtinghisfeelings.我怕傷了他的感情。Hecamelatetoschoolandwasafraidofbeingscoldedbytheteacher.他上學遲到了,害怕被老師責備。Heisafraidofbeingbeatenbyhisfather.他怕被他爸打。Don'tbeafraidtotalktosomeonewhohasmoreexperience.不要害怕與有更多經驗的人交談。Don'tbeafraidtoexperiment.別害怕做嘗試。Iwantyoutoneverbeafraidtomakeadecision任何時候都不要害怕做決定。Don'tbeafraidtoaskforadviceaboutorderingthemeal點餐時可以大膽征求意見。Theseboysareafraidtospeakinfrontoftheaudience.這些孩子不敢在眾人面前說話。Itiscommonforchildrentobeafraidtosleepalone.小孩子不敢一個人睡覺是很常見的?！究键c過關】根據(jù)beafraidofdoingsth.和beafraidtodosth.的用法填空1.Don'tbeafraid_______(stand)upforyourself.2.Criticizeyourselfwhenyou'vemadeamistake.Don'tbeafraid_____(lose)face.3.I’mafraid______(jump)intotheriver.4.Don'tbeafraid______(make)mistakesandwecanlearnfromthem!5.Don'tbeafraid______(laugh)atbyothers.6.Tomwasafraid_______(answer)questionsatclass.7.Thegirlisafraidtoridethebikebecausesheisafraid_______(fall)downfromit.8.Hewasafraid_______(go)outaloneatnight.9.I’mafraid_______(speak)EnglishbeforesomanypeoplebecauseI’mafraidofmakingmistakes.10.Heisafraid_______(touch)thesnake.【參考答案】1.tostand;2.oflosing;3.tojump;4.ofmaking;5.ofbeinglaugh;6.toanswer;7.offalling;8.togo;9.tospeak;10.totouch●compare….to….；compare…with….;compareAandB【教材原句】HowmanyfollowersdoIhave?—thoughweknowthatthenumberof“l(fā)ikes”orfollowerscannotcomparetohavinglong-termandrewardingfriendships.(教材P15)【辨析】兩者都有“把…..和…..比較/相比”的意思，但有一定區(qū)別。compare….to…..意思是=1\*GB3①把…..與…..比較/相比，此時，可與compare….With….互換。=2\*GB3②把…..比作/比喻為…..，表示這一意思時，不可與compare…..with….互換。compare….with….意思是“把…..與…..比較/相比”,指研判人與人之間、事物與事物之間相同或相異的程度,compare的名詞是comparison,請注意以下詞組：comparenoteswithsb.與某人交換意見。by/incomparisonwith、to….與….相比compareAandB意思是“對比A和B”【例句呈現(xiàn)】Comparethisto/withthat,andyou’llseewhichisbetter.把這個和那個相比，你就能看出哪個更好。Michael’snewhouseislikeahugepalace,comparedto/withhisoldone.與邁克的舊房子比起來，他的新房子像個大宮殿。Nothingcancomparewith/toamother’slove.沒有什么能與母愛相比。Thishousedoesn’tcomparewith/toourpreviousone.這房子不如我們以前的房子。Pleasecompareyourtranslationwith/tothemodeltranslationontheblackboard.

請把你們的翻譯和黑板上的翻譯例子相比較。

Wecomparedthebravemantoalion.我們把勇敢的人比作雄獅。Youngpeopleareoftencomparedtotherisingsun.年輕人常被比作冉冉升起的太陽。Weoftencompareateachertoacandle．

我們常把老師比喻成蠟燭。

Poetshavecomparedsleeptodeath.

詩人將睡眠比作死。

Bookscanbecomparedtofriends.

書可以比喻為朋友。

It’seasiertocompareBritishandAmericanEnglishnowthatwehavetheInternet.有了互聯(lián)網，我們就更容易比較英式英語和美式英語了?！究键c過關】根據(jù)compare的用法填空并注意動詞形式1.Filmhasamuchshorterhistory,especiallywhen________(compare)tosuchartformsasmusicandpainting.2.You’llbecompared_______agiantwhenyoudevoteyourselftocountry.3.Ourworkcanbecompared_______abattle.4.Theboyalwayscomparedhistoys________otherboys’toys.

5.Shakespearecomparedtheworld______astage.6._______withotheryears,wereceivedmanymorephotos.

7.Iintendedtocomparenotes_______afriend,butunfortunatelytheycouldn’tsparemeevenoneminute.8._______withsilk,cottonischeap.9.By/Incomparison________lastyear,thepriceofbeefhasincreased.10.Worstofall,Igetalargerquantityofhomework,_________tothem.【參考答案】1.compared;2.to;3.to;4.with/to;5.to;6.Compared;7.with;8.Compared;9.with/to;10.compared●face-to-face;facetoface【教材原句】Firstly,talkingonlineisnoreplacementforface-to-facecontact—imagesreallycannotreplaceareal-lifesmileorhug.(教材P15)【辨析】兩者都可以表示“面對面”，但詞性和用法不同。face-to-face是形容詞，放在名詞前修飾名詞，作定語。facetoface是副詞短語，在句中修飾動詞，作狀語?！纠涑尸F(xiàn)】Videoandaudioonlinecommunicationcanfunctionequallylikeface-to-facecommunication.在線的視頻和語音聊天就等同于面對面交流。Theissuewhetherface-to-facecommunicationisbetterthananyothercommunicationmeansisquitecontroversial.面對面交流是否優(yōu)越于其他交流方式，這一話題引起了人們的爭議。Caniteverbepossibletoreplaceface-to-facecontacteffectivelyonanonlinecourse?在線項目有可能真的取代面對面交流嗎？Emailcontactisgreat,ofcourse,butnothingbeatsface-to-facecommunication.當然，電子郵件聯(lián)系很好，但沒有什么能比得上面對面的交流。Recordingotherpeople'sface-to-faceconversations記錄別人面對面的談話Thiscontagiousdiseaseisspreadbyface-to-facecontactwithaninfectedperson.天花是一種傳染病，和病人面對面接觸就會被傳染。Idealwithcustomersonthephoneandrarelymeetthemfacetoface.在生意場上，通過與盡可能多的人面對面地打交道來建立工作關系很重要。Whynothaveitoutwithyourcritic,discussthewholethingfacetoface?為什么不和批評你的人講個明白，面對面地把整件事情談一談呢？You'renotgettinganythinguntilwemeetfacetoface.除非我們見面否則你什么也別想知道Shewasatanearlyagebroughtfacetofacewiththehorrorsofwar.她年幼時就面臨戰(zhàn)爭的恐怖。Hereyesflickedfromfacetoface.她的眼光掃過人們的臉。Eventually,hecamefacetofacewithdiscriminationagain最終，他又一次遭遇歧視?！究键c過關】用face-to-face和facetoface填空1.Idealwithcustomersonthephoneandrarelymeetthem________.2.A_______communicationisthemostintimate.3.Iwouldstillgettoseeyou_______.4.Theyhad________talkwitheachotheryesterday.5.Heneededtoknowthetruth.Youcould'vetoldhim________.6.Itwasthefirst_________meetingbetweenthetwomen.7.Itmayseemtoyounotquiterealuntilyoumeetit________.8.Studentsneedtospendatleastasmuchtimewiththeiron-linecourseworkastheywouldina_________classroomcourse.9.So,wemakesurestaffcanregularlytalktotheirmanagers_______10.Thirtydayswithout_____contactisusuallyagoodstartingpointforarelationshipbreak.11.That'sahardspottoreachifyou'refighting_______.12.Butaree-visitsasgoodas________consultation?【參考答案】1.facetoface;2.face-to-face;3.facetoface;4.face-to-face;5.facetoface;6.face-to-face;7.facetoface;8.face-to-face;9.facetoface;10.face-to-face;11.facetoface;12.face-to-face●whenever…,nomatterwhen…【教材原句】Wheneversomeoneneedhelp,friendsfromalloverworldcanimmediatelyprovideusefulsuggestionsorinformation.(教材P16)【辨析】兩者都有“無論什么時候，不管什么時候”的意思，意思基本一致，但用法稍有區(qū)別。whenever….既可以引導名詞性從句，也可引導讓步狀語從句。

nomatterwhen…只能引導讓步狀語從句，此時可以和whenever互換。溫馨提示：whatever/nomaterwhat;wherever/nomatterwhere;whichever/nomatterwhich;whoever/nomatterwho;however/nomatterhow的用法與whenever/nomatterwhen的用法基本相同。

【例句呈現(xiàn)】Whenever/nomatterwhenyoumovetoanewarea,youshouldlocatethefirealarmpullstationsandthetwoexitsnearestyourroom.無論何時你搬到一個新的地方,你都應該找到火警報警站和離你房間最近的兩個出口。Whenevertheygoabroaddependsonthepassports.不管他們什么時候出國，都要取決于簽證。However/nomatterhowyoulookatit,it'sgoingtocostalot.不管你怎么看，它都要花很多錢。Shehasthewindowopen,however/nomatterhowcolditisoutside.不管外面多冷她都開著窗戶。Howevergothereisamatter.無論如何去那里都是個問題。Hehiredhimselfouttowhoeverneededhisservices.他以前從事臨時服務業(yè)。Comeoutofthere,whoever/nomatterhowyouare.不管你是誰，從那里出來吧。Amediacircussurroundedtheroyalcouplewherever/nomatterwheretheywent.無論王室夫婦走到何處，他們的身后都會跟著一大群媒體記者。Whereverhegoesisunimportant.不管他去哪里都不重要。Whatever/nomatterwhatsystemyouchoose,itmust