單詞課堂Unit4

(LESSON2)本單元詞匯梳理1.tensiontens(tostretch拉長)+-ion(名詞后綴)→將某物拉長，使其處于緊繃狀態(tài)→緊張詞塊：relievetension2.muscle詞源：英語單詞muscle來自拉丁語musculus(小老鼠)。古羅馬人覺得鼓起的肌肉很像一只跳躍的小老鼠。熟詞生義：體力；力氣3.physical詞塊：physicalandmentalhealth；派生詞：physically4.psychologicalpsychology:

psycho(soul,spirit心理、精神)

+-logy(thestudyof研究……的學(xué)科)

→心理學(xué)psychology(n

心理學(xué))+-ical(形容詞后綴)5.mood詞塊：inagood/badmood,be/feelinthe/nomoodforsth/todosth6.far-reachingfar+reach+-ing7.energiseenergy(活力)

+-ise(tomake使變得)→使充滿活力8.cellcell原義為“連在一起的小房間”，比如修道院中修道士或修女住的房間、監(jiān)獄里的房間、蜂巢中的蜂室。1665年，英國物理學(xué)家羅伯特?虎克在用自制顯微鏡觀察軟木切片時，發(fā)現(xiàn)里面有很多像蜂窩一樣的小室，他將其稱為cell（細胞）。實際上，他所看到的是死去的植物細胞的細胞壁，而第一個發(fā)現(xiàn)活細胞的科學(xué)家是安東?范?列文虎克。手機以前叫做cellularphone，縮寫為cellphone，這是因為移動通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)是蜂窩式結(jié)構(gòu)的。不過現(xiàn)在通常叫做mobilephone（移動電話）。9.immune詞塊：immunesystem10.infectionin-(in入)

+fect(todo做)

+-ion(名詞后綴)

→疾病成功進入體內(nèi)→感染詞族：infect,

infected,

infection,infectious11.incorporatein-(in入)

+corpor(body整體)

+-ate(動詞后綴)

→使成為一個整體→把……并入12.whisper擬聲詞，模仿嘶嘶聲詞塊：whispersthtosb,inawhisper,whisperaboutsth13.embarrassmentembarrass(v

使尷尬)+-ment(名詞后綴)詞塊：toone’sembarrassment14.accidentallyaccident+-al+-ly詞族：accident,

accidental,

accidentally15.expenseex-(out向外)+pens(topay支付)+-e(名詞后綴)→向外支付的費用→費用詞塊：atsb’sexpense,livingexpenses,attheexpenseof本單元詞匯梳理1.comedian來自comedy2.nationalitynational(adj

國家的)+-ity詞族：nation,national,nationality,international3.reputation 詞塊：haveareputationfor,earn/gain/acquireagoodreputationas4.encounteren-(=in-進入)+counter(against相反)→進入面對面的相對狀態(tài)→相遇意為“偶然碰到”是正式用語，對應(yīng)comeacross詞塊：achanceencounter5.amuse詞塊：keepsbamused,amuseoneself詞族：amuse,

amused,

amusing,

amusement6.rely詞塊：relyon；派生詞：reliable7.purelypure(adj

純粹的)+-ly8.universaluni-(one一)+vers(toturn轉(zhuǎn))+-al(形容詞后綴)→轉(zhuǎn)為一體的→通用的詞塊：auniversaltruth,UniversalStudios(環(huán)球影城)9.episode常用義：（電視劇中的）一集美劇中的season（季）和episode（集）10.astonished詞族：astonish,astonishing(分詞形容詞),astonishment,astonished(分詞形容詞)11.steakmedium/medium-rare/rare/well-donesteak12.raw詞塊：rawmaterials13.contemporarycon-(together共同)+tempor(time時代)+-or+-ary(形容詞后綴)→同時代的→當(dāng)代的14.screenwriterscreen(n

銀幕)+writer(n

作家)15.mostlymost(adj

大多數(shù)的)+-ly近義詞：mainly16.amusingamuse(v

逗……樂)+-ing17.creationcreate(v

創(chuàng)造)+-ion18.contrarycontr

(against與……相反)+-ary

(形容詞后綴)→相反的詞塊：onthecontrary,contraryto19.academic詞塊：academicresearch,academicyear詞族：academy,academic,academically20.scholarshipscholar(n

學(xué)者)+-ship→資助學(xué)者的資金→獎學(xué)金詞塊：win/receive/get/earnascholarship,awardsbascholarship21.attainat-(=ad-,to去)+tain(totouch觸摸)→去觸摸→達到、得到正式用語(比achieve正式)；詞塊：attainone’sgoal22.obtainob-(表示加強)+tain(tohold拿住)→穩(wěn)穩(wěn)拿住→獲得正式用語(對應(yīng)get)詞塊：obtain...from23.talent詞源故事：來自耶穌的一則寓言故事：主人要出遠門，按能力依次給了三個仆人5個、2個和1個塔蘭特幣(talent)。主人回來后，前兩個仆人都通過投資掙了錢，得到了主人的夸獎。最后一個仆人把錢埋在地底下，主人很生氣，沒收了他的錢并交給最有能力的人。在寓言中，塔蘭特幣比喻上帝給予每個人的天資，所以talent也就有了“天資”的含義。同義詞：gift；派生詞：talented詞塊：have/showatalentfor,atalentshow24.mirror名詞動詞化：反射；反映25.producerproduce(v

生產(chǎn))+-er詞族：produce,producer,product,production,productive26.rarelyrare(adj

罕見的)+-ly近義詞：seldom；反義詞：frequently/often27.geniusgen(birth出生)+-i+-us(表示性質(zhì))→人與生俱來的品質(zhì)→天才；天賦詞塊：haveageniusfor28.convincedconvince(v

使信服)+-ed詞塊：beconvincedof詞族：convince,convinced,convincing29.unfortunateun-+fortunate(adj

幸運的)同義詞unlucky；反義詞fortunate/lucky詞族：fortune,fortunate,fortunately,unfortunate,unfortunately30.agent同源詞：agency31.demandde-(completely完全)+mand(toorder命令)→完全命令→（堅決）要求詞塊：satisfy/meetthedemand,ondemand,indemand,demandthatsb(should)dosth派生詞：demanding32.looselyloose(adj

松的)+-ly；詞族：loose,loosely,loosen33.criticisecrit(tojudge批判)+-ic+-ise(動詞后綴)→評判某人做錯事→批評/指責(zé)詞塊：criticisesbfor(doing)sth34.log英語單詞log指尚未切割的原木，古人在駕駛帆船出海遠航時，常常采用在桅桿上刻道的方法來記錄日期，這就是最原始的航海日志了。由于桅桿是用原木（log）做的，所以記錄在桅桿上的日志就被稱為“l(fā)og”。詞塊：login/on,logout/off35.politicianpolitics(n

政治)+-ian(……人)詞族：politics,political,politician36.bath

英式英語，美式英語是bathe；詞塊：have/takeabath重難點詞精講whisper搭配義詞根詞綴expensemood搭配義辨析義搭配義mood情緒好/壞inagood/badmoodmood

n[C]

情緒；心情：inagood/badmood:Havingbeenpunishedbyhisteacher,hewasinaverybadmood.Lookingatgreen,growingthingscanputpeopleinto/inabettermood.2019全國改①be/feelinthe/nomoodforsth:Iwasinnomoodforajoke.②be/feelinthe/nomoodtodosth:I’mnotinthemoodtotalkaboutitnow.

［單數(shù)］氣氛；氛圍：There’snothinglikecandlelightforcreatingaromanticmood.

［語法］（動詞的）語氣mood

意為“情緒”（thewaysbfeelsataparticulartime），指人某一時刻的情緒，通常和in搭配。LeaveDadaloneforawhile.He’sinaverybadmood.emotion意為“情感”（astrongfeelingsuchaslove,hate,anger,etc.），表示個體強烈的感情或情感，是情緒的外在表現(xiàn)形式。Theemotionwassointensethatshespentmostofthemovieintears.spirit

意為“情緒”時要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，（thewayyouarefeeling,forexamplewhetheryouarehappyorsad）。Itwasthelastdayoftermandeveryonewasinhighspirits.辨析：mood,emotion,spiritwhisper■vt&vi低聲講：JamesleanedovertowhispersomethingtoMichael.EventhoughitwasonlyOctober,mystudentswerealreadywhisperingaboutholidayplans.2009山東改You’llhavetowhisperorhe’llhearyou.■n[C]低語；私語；耳語：speakinawhisper要留意細小的開支。小洞沉大船。這句話是美國政治家、物理學(xué)家本杰明·富蘭克林的一句名言，相當(dāng)于中國的諺語“千里之堤潰于蟻穴”。他提醒我們不要忽視小的細節(jié)，也許就是這些被忽視的小細節(jié)會導(dǎo)致無法挽回的結(jié)果。sparenoexpense

cutdownonone’sexpenseliving/householdexpensescoverone’sdailyexpensesRunningacarisabigexpense.Idon’tthinkwecanaffordtheexpenses.expensen[U]&[C]支出；費用；代價：詞源解讀：ex-（out向外）+pens（topay支付）+-e（名詞后綴）→向外支付的費用→費用atsb’sexpense由某人付費/負擔(dān)費用；嘲笑某人:Ipublishedabookatmyownexpense.attheexpenseof以……為代價:Hefinishedthejobattheexpenseofhishealth.本單元的詞根詞綴說出下列單詞的詞根詞綴的漢語釋義。1.Youcouldfeelthetensionintheroomaswewaitedforourexamresults.tension：tens（tostretch拉長）+-ion（名詞后綴）→將某物拉長，使其處于緊繃狀態(tài)→__________2.Humourhasapositive（正面的）psychologicaleffectwhenweareindifficulties.（2020江蘇）psychological：psycho（soul,spirit心理、精神）+-logy（thestudyof研究……的學(xué)科）+-ical（形容詞后綴）→__________3.Exerciseisaperfectwaytohelpyoufeelmoreenergised.energise：energy（活力）+-ise（tomake_________________）→使充滿活力緊張心理的/精神的使（……）/使變得4.Ifyoudon’tcleanthewoundproperlyyoucouldgetaninfection.infection：in-（in入）+fect（todo__________）+-ion（名詞后綴）→疾病成功做到進入體內(nèi)→__________5.Manyofyoursuggestionshavebeenincorporatedintheplan.incorporate：in-（in入）+corpor（body整體）+-ate（動詞后綴）→使成為一個整體→__________6.Toearnsomemoneytopaythedailyexpenses,Istartedworkinalocalcaféasawaiter.（2014上海）expense：ex-（out向外）+pens（topay__________）+-e（名詞后綴）→向外支付的費用→__________支付做感染把……并入費用本單元金句匯總1.Lookingatgreen,growingthingscanputpeopleinto/inabettermood.2019全國改2.I’mnotinthemoodtotalkaboutitnow.3.You’llhavetowhisperorhe’llhearyou.4.Hefinishedthejobattheexpenseofhishealth.隨堂檢測一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.I’mjustnotinthemoodforaparty

tonight.___________2.Don’ttalktoher.She’sinoneofhermoods.___________

3.Themoodofthemeetingwasextremelypessimistic.___________二、根據(jù)所給詞塊，將下列句子譯成英語。

1.下雨天總是讓大家感到心情壓抑。(putsbina...mood)_______________________________________________________2.考試成績不好，她沒有心情出去玩。(beinnomoodtodosth)_______________________________________________________沒心情參加聚會mood鬧情緒氣氛Rainydaysalwaysputeverybodyinadepressedmood.Sheis/wasinnomoodtogoout(toplay)becauseofherbad/poorexamresults.whisper一、根據(jù)漢語，寫出單詞的正確形式。1.You’llhaveto____________（低聲說）orhe’llhearyou.2.“Wherearewegoing?”heaskedina_____