倒裝---一、完全倒裝完全倒裝即將整個謂語部分全部放在主語之前，主要用于以下幾種情況：1．以某些副詞開頭的句子，如：here,there,now,then,up,down,in,out,away,thus,ahead,back,over,off等，謂語動詞為be,come,exist,fall,follow,go,lie,remain,seem,stand,run等，而主語又是名詞時，構成完全倒裝句。Awayflewthebird.Thenfollowedthreedaysofrain.注意：主語是人稱代詞不倒裝。Inhecameandthelessonbegan.Thusbegantherevolution.2．介詞短語置于句首，表方位，表地點時。Amongthechildrenwastheirteacherwhowaslovedbyherpupils.Throughthewindowcameintheterriblesmell.3.在therebe句型中或there加其它表示類似“存在”的動詞（如seem,happen,exist,stand,lie,appear,live,rise等）結構中。Therestandsalargechemicalplantnearourschool.二、部分倒裝部分倒裝即將謂語的一部分，如助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或系動詞置于主語之前。應用于下列情景1.Only＋狀語或狀語從句置于句首時。Onlywhenonelosesfreedomdoesoneknowitsvalue.注意：only后接主語不倒裝。Onlyfivepeoplewereinjuredintheaccident.2.否定副詞、短語或否定狀語從句位于句首時，句子要部分倒裝。此類詞有neither,nor,never,not,nowhere,hardly,scarcely,rarely,seldom,little,nolonger,atnotime,bynomeans,innoway,innocase,undernocircumstances,onnoaccount,notonly,notuntil,invain等。Bynomeanswasheabletohandlethetoughproblem.注意：如果hardly,scarcely后面接的是any,ever,atall時，意義類似almostno/not/never（幾乎不、從不），則無須倒裝。Hardlyanypeoplehavingbeeninvitedwentthere.3.當一些關聯(lián)詞如nosooner…than,scarcely…when,hardly…when,notonly…butalso,neither...nor等位于句首時，從句部分要倒裝。Nosoonerhadhecomebackhomethanitbegantorain.注意：只有當notonly…butalso連接兩個分句時，才在第一個分句用倒裝結構。如果置于句首的notonly…butalso僅連接兩個并列詞語，不用倒裝結構。Notonlydidweloseallourmoney,butwealsocameclosetolosingourlives.NotonlyyoubutalsoIamfondofmusic.4.當“so/such…that”結構中的so,such位于句首時。Soproudistheyoungmanthatheisreluctanttoacceptothers’opinion.5.often,always,once,manyatime,nowandagain,everyotherday,everytwohours等表頻率時Manyatimehashehelpedmewithmyschoolwork.6.形容詞位于句首時。Luckyishewhohasbeenenrolledintoafamousuniversity.在此句型中，形容詞在句子中作be動詞的表語。一般副詞、分詞或介詞短語被強調(diào)時，句子也可以完全倒裝。例如：Lyingonthegrasswasawoundedsoldier.7.當so,neither,nor位于句首加強語氣時。Hedidn’tsayanything．Nor/Neitherdidhismother.注意：指代同一物體時不倒裝。Itiswarmtoday.Soitis!三、倒裝的特殊情況1.由as或though引導的讓步狀語從句有時也用倒裝句，即把表語或部分謂語提前。Tryashemight,hecouldn’topenthebox.2.由nomatterhow,however和how引導的狀語從句部分倒裝，因為形容詞或副詞通常緊跟在這三個引導詞后面，然后才是主語和謂語，形成形式上的部分倒裝句。I’llgotoschoolnomatterhowhotitis.3.在表示祝愿的句型中。Mayourcountrybecomeprosperousandstrong.4．if引導的虛擬條件從句，如果省略if，就將were，should和had置于從句的主語前。Shouldyouchangeyourmind,noonewouldblameyou.練習1.Try______shemight,Suecouldn’tgetthedooropen.(全國卷I)A.if B.whenC.sine D.as2.Onlywhenhereachedthetea-house______itwasthesameplacehe’dbeeninlastyear.(全國卷I)A.herealizedB.hedidrealizeC.realizedheD.didherealize3.—It’snice.Neverbefore______suchaspecialdrink!（福建卷）—I’mgladyoulikeit.A.IhavehadB.IhadC.haveIhadD.hadI4.Onlyaftertheyhaddiscussedthematterforafewhours_____adecision.A.theyreachedB.didtheyreachC.theyreachD.dotheyreach5.Johnopenedthedoor.There___hehadneverseenbefore.(陜西)A.agirldidstandB.agirlstoodC.didagirlstandD.stoodagirl6.Iamgoingtothemeeting,and_____. A.sodoesDaveB.soisDave C.sogoesDaveD.Daveisso7.Welaughatjokes,butseldom____abouthowtheywork．(四川)A．wethinkB．thinkweC．wedothinkD．dowethink8.AtthemeetingplaceoftheYangtzeRiverandJialingRiver____,oneofthelargestcitiesinChina.(重慶)A.liesChongqingB.ChongqingliesC.doeslieChongqingD.doesChongqinglie9.—Iseveryonehere?—Notyet…Look,there__therestofourguests!A.comeB.comesC.iscomingD.arecoming10.Notuntilhelefthishome______toknowhowimportantthefamilywasforhim.(江西)A.didhebegin B.hadhebegan C.hebegan D.hehasbegan11._____gotonthetrainwhenitstartedtomove.A.ScarcelyIhadB.ScarcelyhadIC.NosoonerIhadD.NosoonerhadI12.Notonly____allourmoney,butwealsocameclosetolosingourlives. A.dowelose B.havewelo