語法知識(shí)梳理句子種類1/31Sheis(not)astudent.Issheastudent?Don’tbecareless.Howcleversheis!(陳說句)(疑問句)(祈使句)(感嘆句)→說明一個(gè)事實(shí)或陳說說話人看法?！硎咎岢鰡栴}?！硎菊?qǐng)求、命令、囑咐、提議等;主語是you,普通省略;謂語動(dòng)詞用原形?！硎鞠才返惹榫w,多用how和what開頭。按用途，句子種類可分為：陳說句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。2/31考點(diǎn)一陳說句（必定式和否定式）3/31必定陳說句1.否定陳說句→Sheisnot/isn’tastudent.→Hehasnot/hasn’tfinishedthework.→Theywillnot/won’tgototheschool.→Marycannot/can’tspeakChinese.

Sheisastudent.Hehasfinishedthework.Theywillgototheschool.MarycanspeakChinese.

★謂語動(dòng)詞是be,have或帶有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,否定句只要在其后加上not.

陳說句(語序:主語+謂語)4/31陳說句→Hedoesnot/doesn’tspeakFrench.→Hedidnot/didn’tgotoschoolyesterday.HespeaksFrench.Hewenttoschoolyesterday.★謂語動(dòng)詞是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，變否定句，借助助動(dòng)詞don’t/doesn’t/didn’t,其后跟動(dòng)詞原形.

否定陳說句5/31陳說句3.否定陳說句I’veneverbeentoParis.Ihardlygooutthesedaysbecauseoftherain.

Nobodyknewthetruth.Ihavelittlewater.★句中含有never,nobody,hardly,little等否定含義詞，也屬于否定句.

6/31

疑問句普通疑問句特殊疑問句IsSheastudent?Whoisshe?IsSheastudent

or

ateacher?Sheisastudent,isn’tshe?

疑問句語序:謂語+主語選擇疑問句反意疑問句考點(diǎn)二7/31

疑問句

1.____thatpairof______alittlecheaper?(語序:謂語+主語)A.Is;glass B.Are;glass C.Is;glasses D.Are;glasses

2.--____isJeremyLin?--HeisafamousNBAbasketballplayer.A.Where B.What

C.Why D.When8/31

3.--IsthisaChinesebookoranEnglishbook?--Oh,_________.A.Yes,itis B.No,itisn’tC.AnEnglishbook D.Amusicbook

4.--____didSuregotoschoolsoearly?--Tobeonduty.A.Where B.What

C.Why D.When9/31用Howmany；howmanytimes;howmuch;howlong;howfar;howsoon;howoften填空。____________didyoupayforthesweater?

___________haveyouworkedinthatfactory?--________________didhecallyouthedaybeforeyesterday?--Twice.--___________doeshewritetohisparents?--Twiceaweek.________willyoufinishthework?Intwohours.___________isitfromheretothecountry?

It’sabouttwentyminutes’walk.HowmuchHowlongHowmanytimesHowoftenHowsoonHowfar10/31

結(jié)構(gòu)一：前肯，

后否

Be動(dòng)詞：

1.Youareanactor,_____________?2.Itwasfineyesterday,__________?

aren’tyouwasn’tit

反義疑問句11/31行為動(dòng)詞：

1.Itoftenrainshere,___________?2.Youhaveaheadache,__________?3.Icalledyouyesterday,_________?其它動(dòng)詞：

1.YouwillgotoAmerica,_________?2.WehaveeverbeentoShanghai,_______________?doesn’titdon’tyoudidn’tIwon’tyouhaven’twe12/31

結(jié)構(gòu)二：前否，

后肯

1.Youaren’tanactor,__________?2.Itwasn’tfineyesterday,________?3.Itdoesn’trainhere,__________?4.Youdidn’tcallmeyesterday,____________?areyoudoesitwasitdidyou5.Youwon’tgotoU.S.A.,__________?6.Thereisn’taboyinourclassroom,_____________?willyouisthere13/31特殊使用方法(一）

1.Sitdownplease,_______________?2.Pleasecallme,_________________?3.Let’sgohome,________________?4.Letusgohome,________________?5.Letmesee,__________________?willyoushallwewillyouwillyouwillyou祈使句中，除了let’s…用shallwe?其余全用willyou?14/31當(dāng)主語是不定代詞something/anything/nothing/everything等,或指示代詞that，this時(shí),疑問部分主語用it，當(dāng)指示代詞是these，those時(shí)，后部分主語用they。

●

Everythingisready,

?

●Thesearebooks,

？

2.當(dāng)陳說部分主語是不定代詞everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,noone等，疑問部分主語用they，或用he

●Everyoneknowstheanswer,

?或

?isn’titdoesn’thedon’ttheyaren’tthey特殊使用方法(二）

15/31Don'tsmokeinthemeetingroom,________?

(A)doyou(B)willyou(C)canyou(D)couldyou

JohncanhardlyunderstandanyChinese,_______he?

(A)can't(B)doesn't(C)can(D)does16/31Myunclehasneverbeentoaforeigncountry,_________?

(A)hashe(B)doeshe(C)hasn'the(D)doesn'theHissisterhadabadcough,________she?

(A)wasn't(B)doesn't(C)hadn't(D)didn't17/31——Let'sgoandplayfootball,_______?

——That'swonderful.

(A)willyou(B)doyou(C)won'tyou(D)shallwe

——Letusgonow,_______?

(A)willyou(B)doyou(C)shouldn’tyou(D)shallwe

Let’s用shallwe;letus用willyou.18/31Idon’tthinkyouareright,_______?(A)doI(B)don’tI(C)areyou(D)aren’tyou碰到否定前移句子，注意：反義疑問句用必定，而且是對(duì)從句進(jìn)行提問19/31反意問句回答方法eg.“Youhaven’tbeentoBeijing,haveyou?”“_____.HowIwishtogothere!”A.Yes,IhaveB.Yes,Ihaven’tC.No,IhaveD.No,Ihaven’t

在回答這類問題時(shí),應(yīng)尊重事實(shí),即假如事實(shí)是必定，就用“Yes+必定結(jié)構(gòu)”；假如事實(shí)是否定，就用“No+否定結(jié)構(gòu)”。D(是,沒有.)20/31----Youruncleisn’tanengineer,ishe? ----____.heworksataschool. A.Yes,heisn’t B.No,heisn’t C.No,heis D.Yes,heis21/31

考點(diǎn)三：祈使句Turnonthelight.開燈。Don’tbelate.不要遲到。

祈使句用以表示命令、請(qǐng)求、囑咐或提議，主語通常省略。必定式謂語動(dòng)詞用原形，否定式用“Don't(Never)＋動(dòng)詞原形”。如：22/31____itwithmeandI’llseewhatIcando. A.Whenleft B.Leaving C.Ifyouleave D.Leave

____downtheradio，thebaby’sasleepinthenextroom. A.TurningB.Toturn C.TurnedD.Turn23/31—Don’tbelateagain,Mike?—_______________.A.No,Idon’tB.Don’tworryC.Sorry,Iwon’tD.Idon’tknow24/31他是一名多好學(xué)生啊！

Whatagoodstudentheis!=Howgoodastudentheis!★修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞感嘆句,既能夠由what引導(dǎo),也能夠由how引導(dǎo),但句式不一樣,不定冠詞a位置也不一樣。

考點(diǎn)四：感嘆句25/31

感嘆句由what和how引導(dǎo)

感嘆句使用方法很簡單,How和What放句前；How與形、副詞類連,What后面名詞添；主語謂語不用變,省掉它們也常見。26/311.____nicethewatchis！A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Howa2.____brightlightstheyare!A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.howa

3.____hardworkitis!

A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Whatan

4.____dayitis!It’srainyagain.

A.HowbadB.WhatabadC.HowfineD.Whatafine27/315.____excitingnewsitis!A.HowB.WhataC.WhatanD.What

6.____expensivetrousers!A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Whatan

7.____usefuldictionaryitis!A.WhatB.HowC.WhataD.Whatan

28/31I’mlate,__________?Jimworkshard,______________?Mr.SmithwillnotgotoBeijing,________?Theyhaven’tbeentoShanghai,__________?Shehadlittlewater,_______________?Theyhadtoleaveearly,__________?Hedidn’tsaythatwewouldsucceed,_______?Ibelievehewillcometothemeeting,_________?8.Ididn’tthinkthestorywasinteresting,_______?9.Everythinghasbeen