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閱讀理解--科普知識專題練
2025年中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)備考
Areadingpassagecanhaveseveralparts.Lookingateverypartisveryusefulforyoutogeta
completeunderstanding.
Thetitleisakindof
heading.It(ellsyouwhat
thewholetextisabout.
THEDOANIMALS
LAUGH?
PageB
1.AccordingtoPageA,whatcanatitledo?
A.Itcanexplainthepictures.B.Itcanexplaindifficultwords.
C.Itcantellyouwhataparagraphisabout.D.Itcantellyouwhatthewholetextisabout.
2.AccordingtoPageA,whatcanshowinformationvisually?
A.Photos.B.Footnotes.C.Passages.D.Headings.
3.WhichpartisthesubheadingonPageB?
A.①B.②c.③D.④
4.HowmanyfootnotesarethereonPageB?
A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.
Writingbyhandcangivethebrainbiggerhelpthantyping(打字),accordingtoanewstudy.The
researchwasdonebyateamattheNorwegianUniversityofScienceandTechnology.Peoplewereshowna
wordonacomputerandaskedtoeitherwriteitonatouchscreenortypeitonakeyboard.
Thepeopleworemachinesontheirheadsfittedwith256electrodes(電極)torecordtheirbrains'
electricalactivity.Whentheywerewriting,manyareasoftheirbrainswereactive,includingthepartsthat
helpusvisualizewhatthingslooklike.Thisisbecausewritingawordbyhandrequirespeopletopicture
lettersandusefinesportsskillstoshapeit.Whenpeopleweretyping,however,therewaslittleactivityin
thesamepartsofthebrain.
“Whenyouaretyping,thesimplemovementofyourfingerstoproduceeveryletteristhesame,^^said
thescientistinthestudy."'Whileyou'rewritingbyhand,yourbodilyfeelingofproducingAisdifferentfrom
producingB.”
Theresultssuggestthatwritingcanhelpchildrenlearn,especiallywhenitcomestorecognizing(認(rèn)
識)letters.Moreresearchisneededtoknowwhetherwritingbyhandhelpskidsrememberthingsmorethan
typingdoes.
5.Howdidthewriterleadintothetopic?
A.Bytellingastory.B.Byshowingastudy.
C.Bygivinganexample.D.Byaskingaquestion.
6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"visualize^probablymean?
A.Imagine.B.Hear.C.Feel.D.Smell.
7.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?
A.LetterAisalotdifferentfromLetterB.B.Themovementoffingersisallthesame.
C.Thebodilyfeelingofeachletterisdifferent.D.Ifsdifficulttotypealetteronthekeyboard.
8.Whatisthebesttitle(標(biāo)題)forthetext?
A.AStudyEncouragesUstoTypeMoreOftenB.AStudyShowsHandwritingDoseGoodto
Learning
C.AStudyShowstheImportanceofOurBrainsD.AStudySuggestsHandwritingHelpswith
Remembering
AccordingtoastudypublishedinFebruaryinthemagazineScienceoftheTotalEnvironment,hermit
crabs(寄居蟹)areusingplasticlitterasshells(殼).
ZuzannaJagielloisthestudy'slead."Ahermitcrabinaplasticshellcouldbeasymbolofourtimes,a
periodinwhichhumanactivitieshavehadamaineffectontheenvironment.JagiellotoldTIMEforKids.
“Theydon'thavehomes,sotheyuserubbish.^^
Hermitcrabsusingplasticwasteasshellsisoneexampleofthateffect.Toprotectthemselvesfrom
hunters,thecrabsusuallywearseashells.ButaccordingtoFebruary'sstudy,atleast386hermitcrabshave
beenseenwearingplastic.Oftheworld's16kindsofhermitcrabsthatliveonland,10havebeenseen
wearinglitter.
Jagiellosaysthatsheandherteamfirstlearnedabouthermitcrabswearinglitterwhentheynoticed
photosofthemonline.Theydecidedtolearnmorebydoingresearch.Theyfoundphotosfromalloverthe
world.Scientistsaresadtofindthatplasticpollutionharmswildlifeandlivingplacesinsuchaterribleway.
Buttheyaren'tsurewhyhermitcrabsarechoosingplasticinsteadofothermaterials,noraretheysurehow
manycrabsareinanydanger.
9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"They"inParagraph2referto(指的是)?
A.Humanactivities.B.Hermitcrabs.C.Ourtimes.D.Kids9homes.
10.Whatisparagraph3mainlytalkingabout?
A.ThesituationofHermitcrabs.B.Theexampleoflittering.
C.Thereasonfordoingresearch.D.Thekindsofplasticwaste.
11.Howdothescientistsfeelaboutthefindingsoftheresearch?
A.Funny.B.Worried.C.Strange.D.Hopeful.
12.Wecanprobablyputthesentence“Manyphotosweretakenbypeoplewhowerecurious.backtothe
paragraph.
A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.fourth
Wukong,Tiangong,Tianwen...DoyouknowwherethenamesofChinesespaceprogramscome
from?
Wukong,theDarkMatterExplorersatellite(暗物質(zhì)探測衛(wèi)星),isnamedaftertheChinesesuperhero,
theMonkeyKingorSunWukong.AccordingtoJourneytotheWest,theMonkeyKinghasapairofsharp
eyes,whichcaneasilytelldifferencesbetweenthegoodandthebad.TheWukongsatelliteisjustas
sharp-eyedastheMonkeyKingtohelpscientistssearchforthedarkmatterinspace.
ThenameofthespacestationTiangongmeans"HeavenPalace^^inChinesemyths(神話),thisisthe
homeofTianDi.NowTiangongSpaceStationishomeforChineseastronautsinspace.AndChina
welcomesforeignastronautstoTiangongsothattheycanworktogether.
Tianwen,ChineseMarsmissions(任務(wù)),getsitsnamefromthepoemTianwenbyQuYuan.QuYuan
isawell-knownpoetinancientChina.InTianwen,hehadthequestionsaboutthesky,stars,nature,myths
andtherealworld,showinghishungerforthetruthoftheuniverse(宇宙).PerhapstheTianwenmissions
willendupansweringsomeofQuYuan'squestions.
IfyoulookintomorenamesofChinesespaceprograms,youwillfindthattheyallhavebeautiful
meanings.We,almostalltheChinesepeople,havegoodhopesandexpectationsforourspacedream.So,the
namingofChinesespaceprogramsistakenveryseriously.
13.HowdoesthewriterbeginthetopicinParagraph1?
A.Bylistinganumber.B.Bygivinganexample.
C.Byaskingaquestion.D.Byansweringaquestion.
14.WhatistheWukongsatelliteusedfor?
A.AnsweringsomeofQuYuan'squestions.
B.Findingthedifferencesbetweenthegoodandthebad.
C.Helpingscientistssearchfordarkmatterinspace.
D.Welcomingforeignastronautstothespacestation.
15.WhydowetakethenamingofChinesespaceprogramsseriously?
A.BecausewewanttolandonMars.B.Becausewewanttoprotecttheearth.
C.Becausewehavethehungerfortruth.D.Becausewehaveahopefuldreamforspace.
16.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.WhatBeautifulNamesB.WhatahopefulStar
C.WhatExcellentPoemsD.WhataLongJourney
Carrotsareveryeasytogrowfromseeds(種子)inyourgarden,aplanterbox,oreveninalargepot.Here
aresometipsforplantingcarrots.Beforeplanting
Step1:Learnsomeknowledgeabouthowtoplantcarrots.
Asageneralrule,carrotsareplantedinearlyspringassoonasthesoilisworkableor3-5weeksbeforethe
lastfrost(霜)date.Carrotswilldowellinaspotthat'ssunnysixtoeighthoursaday.Theaverage(平均的)
daystoharvestareabout50to75daysfromseeds.Duringtheprocessofplantingseeds
Step2:Loosen(松)thesoilatleastonefootdeeptomakesureitislightandlooseandcanmakethe
watergowell.
Step3:Createshallowfurrows(淺溝)inthesoil,1/4inchdeepandonefootapartifyouareplanting
morethanonerowofcarrots.
Step4:Putthetinycarrotseedstwotothreeinchesapart,1/4inchdeep,andcoverlightlywithsoil.
Step5:Pressdownlightlyonthesoiltoensuregoodcontactbetweenseedsandthesoil.Afterplanting
Step6:Givethemoneinchofwaterperweek.
Step7:Thinthecarrots.Whenthetopsofthecarrotsreachtwoincheshigh,thinthecarrotstoone
inchapartbypullingthesmallcarrotplantsoutoftheground.
Step8:Harvestyourcarrots.Thebiggerandlongertheygrow,thesweeterandjuiciertheybecome.
However,youcanharvestthemassoonastheygrowbigenoughtoeat.
17.FromStep1,weknowcarrots.
A.growwellinhotweatherB.canbeharvestedinaroundtwomonths
C.aregrown3-5weeksbeforethespringD.can'tbegrowninadarkplace
18.WhichofthefollowingpicturesismostprobablyapictureforStep7?
19.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
A.Thedistancebetweentworowsmustbeovertwofeet.
B.Don'tharvesttoosoonifyouwanttogetsweetercarrots.
C.Carrotswillgrowwellifyouwaterthemtwiceaweek.
D.Thesoilshouldbepressedhardtoprotectcarrotsfromheavyrain.
20.Onwhichofthefollowingwebsitescanwemostprobablyreadthetext?
A.www.fisu.com/sporter/
B.www.cookguide,com/en/catalog/
C.www.chinahighlights,com/greatwall/
D.www.gardeningknowhow,com/vegetables/
WheneverItellpeoplethatIteachEnglishattheBerlin(柏林)Zoo,Ialmostalwaysgetaquestioning
lookbecauseofmyjob.Behindit,thepersonistryingtofindoutwhoexactlyIteach...theanimals?
SinceJune2017,rightbeforethearrivalofthetwonewgiantpandas,MengMengandJiaoQing,I
havebeenhelpingthepandakeepersatthezootofeelmorecomfortableandconfidentspeakingEnglish.
AndwhydotheyneedEnglish?WhodotheyspeakEnglishwith?
Notthepandas,eventhoughthelanguagethatisusedforthemedicaltraininginstructionsisactually
English.TheytalktothecrowdofinternationalvisitorsandtovisitingChinesezookeeperswhooftencome
tocheckonthepandas,whichareonloan(租借)fromChina.Asyouknow,Englishiswidelyspokeninthe
worldwhileGermanisn't.TheyalsoneedtobereadytogiveinterviewsinEnglishwithinternational
reporters.ThisiswhytheyneedanEnglishtrainer.
Sowhataretheylearning?Basically,howtodescribeapanda'slife.Andhere'swhatFvelearned
fromthemsofar:
Note1:Pandaseatbamboo,lotsofbamboo!Theycaneatupto30kilogramsaday,and
whenthey'renoteating,they'resleeping.
Note2:Thetwoofthemliveinseparateenclosuresatthezoobecausethatishowthey
liveinnature.
Note3:Giantpandascomefromthecool,foggymountainsofsouth-westernChina.
Note4:Theyareendangered,withfewerthan2,000ofthemlivinginthewildtoday.
Ifsbeenanhonortowatchthepandaprogramdevelopandtoseethepandasgetusedtotheirnew
home.Asalittlegirl,IwantedtobeazookeeperwhenIgrewup.Now,I'mlivingoutthatdreamindirectly
byhelpingthepandakeepersdotheirjobinEnglish.
21.Whatmightpeoplethinkofthewriter'sjob?
A.Meaningless.B.Unusual.C.Common.D.Creative.
22.ThetwounderlinedquestionsinParagraph2are.
A.tointroducethefollowingtextB.toshowthewriter'sdoubts
C.toofferbackgroundinformationD.toattractionreaders5attention
23.“Pandasliveontheirown,notingroups.^^canbeaddedto.
A.Note1B.Note2C.Note3D.Note4
24.Thewriter'smainwritingpurposeisto.
A.showhermeaningfulworkB.realizeherdreamindirectly
C.encouragepeopletolearnEnglishD.expressherloveforpandas
參考答案
1.D2.A3.B4.C
1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thetitleisakindofheading.Ittellsyouwhatthewholetextisabout”可知,標(biāo)題
可以告訴你整篇文章是關(guān)于什么的。故選D。
2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Photosshowinfbrmationvisually(直觀地)“可知,照片直觀地顯示信息。故選A。
3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Subheadingsaboveparagraphstellyouwhattheyareabout”以及PageB中的文章
結(jié)構(gòu)可知,②是副標(biāo)題,故選B。
4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PageB中最下方三條信息可知,有3個腳注。故選C。
5.B6.A7.C8.B
5.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Writingbyhandcangivethebrainbiggerhelpthantyping(打字),accordingtoa
newstudy.”可知,作者是通過展示一項研究引出這個話題的。故選B。
6.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Whentheywerewriting,manyareasoftheirbrainswereactive,includingtheparts
thathelpusvisualizewhatthingslooklike.”可知,當(dāng)他們寫作時,他們大腦的許多區(qū)域都是活躍的,包
括幫助我們想象事物外觀的部分。因此推知劃線單詞為“想象”之意,與imagine同義。故選A。
7.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Whileyou'rewritingbyhand,yourbodilyfeelingofproducingAisdifferentfrom
producingB.”可知,每個字母的體感都是不同的。故選C。
8.最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)"Writingbyhandcangivethebrainbiggerhelpthantyping(打字),accordingtoanew
study."和"Moreresearchisneededtoknowwhetherwritingbyhandhelpskidsrememberthingsmorethan
typingdoes.”并通讀全文可知,本文主要介紹一項關(guān)于手寫與打字的研究,結(jié)果表明手寫有助于學(xué)習(xí)。
因此本文的標(biāo)題可以為B選項。故選B。
9.B10.A11.B12.D
9.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Ahermitcrabinaplasticshellcouldbeasymbolofourtimes,aperiodinwhich
humanactivitieshavehadamaineffectontheenvironment.^^以及“Theydon'thavehomes,sotheyuse
rubbish.”可知,由于環(huán)境污染的原因,寄居蟹沒有家,所以它們使用垃圾,所以“They”指代的是“寄居
蟹”,故選B。
10.段落大意題。根據(jù)"Hermitcrabsusingplasticwasteasshellsisoneexampleofthateffect...Ofthe
world's16kindsofhermitcrabsthatliveonland,10havebeenseenwearinglitter.”可知,本段主要是介紹
寄居蟹的現(xiàn)狀,故選A。
11.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Scientistsaresadtofindthatplasticpollutionharmswildlifeandlivingplacesin
suchaterribleway.”可知,科學(xué)家們悲哀地發(fā)現(xiàn)塑料污染以如此可怕的方式危害野生動物和生活場所,
所以他們是對此現(xiàn)狀感到擔(dān)憂的,故選B。
12.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Theydecidedtolearnmorebydoingresearch.Theyfoundphotosfromalloverthe
world.”可知,此處是說與照片有關(guān)的情況,所以句子“Manyphotosweretakenbypeoplewhowere
curious.”應(yīng)該放在第四段,故選Do
13.C14.C15.D16.A
13.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第——段“Wukong,Tiangong,Tianwen…DoyouknowwherethenamesofChinese
spaceprogramscomefrom?”可推知,作者是通過提問題來開始話題的。故選C。
14.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"TheWukongsatelliteisjustassharp-eyedastheMonkeyKingtohelpscientists
searchforthedarkmatterinspace.”可知,“悟空”衛(wèi)星是用來幫助科學(xué)家在太空中搜索暗物質(zhì)。故選C。
15.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“We,almostalltheChinesepeople,havegoodhopes
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