學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精語法·剖析·活用直接引語和間接引語直接引語和間接引語的定義直接引語：直接引述別人的原話,一般前后要加引號.間接引語：用自己的話轉述別人的話,不用加引號。通常是變?yōu)橘e語從句或動詞不定式。例如：“Ilikesinging，”shesaid。（直接引語)“我喜歡唱歌，”她說。Shesaidshelikedsinging.(間接引語）她說她喜歡唱歌.“Don’ttouchanything，"hesaid.（直接引語）他說：“別碰任何東西。"Hetoldusnottotouchanything.（間接引語）他告訴我們別碰任何東西。直接引語變成間接引語時時態(tài)的變化若主句的謂語是過去時態(tài)，直接引語改為間接引語時,要調整時態(tài)：現(xiàn)在時→過去時直接引語間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時現(xiàn)在完成進行時過去完成進行時將來時→過去將來時一般將來時過去將來時將來進行時過去將來進行時將來完成時過去將來完成時一般過去時→過去完成時一般過去時過去完成時如:①Kittysaid，“Ineedsomefreshair.”基蒂說：“我需要新鮮空氣。"Kittysaidsheneededsomefreshair?；僬f她需要新鮮空氣。②Kathysaid，“I’llpickyouupatnine。”凱西說:“我九點鐘來接你。”Kathysaidshewouldpickmeupatnine。凱西說她九點鐘來接我。③Thescientistsaid，“Ispent10yearsworkingattheresearch?！边@個科學家說：“我花了10年的時間致力于這項研究。”Thescientistsaidhehadspent10yearsworkingattheresearch.這個科學家說他花了10年的時間致力于這項研究.下列情況中直接引語變間接引語時時態(tài)不變：①主句謂語動詞為現(xiàn)在時，間接引語中的動詞可保持原來時態(tài).如:Hesays,“Ihadagoodtimelastnight?！彼f:“我昨晚過得很愉快.”Hesayshehadagoodtimethenightbefore.他說他昨晚過得很愉快。②直接引語表達的是習慣性動作、客觀事實或科學真理時，變?yōu)殚g接引語時態(tài)不變.如:“Themoonmovesaroundtheearth,”theastronomersaid。天文學家說:“月亮繞著地球轉."→Theastronomersaidthemoonmovesaroundtheearth。天文學家說月亮繞著地球轉。直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時人稱的變化人稱要根據(jù)句子的意義作相應的變化。如：“Whichonewillyoutake?”theshopassistantaskedme.商店售貨員問道：“你買哪一個?”TheshopassistantaskedmewhichoneIwouldtake。商店售貨員問我買哪一個.直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時指示代詞、時間或地點狀語以及個別動詞的變化如下表。直接引語間接引語thisthatthesethosenowthentoday，tonightthatday,thatnightyesterdaythedaybeforetomorrowthenext（following）daynextmonththemonthafter/thefollowingmonthaweekagoaweekbeforelastyeartheyearbefore/thepreviousyearheretherecomegobringtake如:MaysaidtoJennifer，“Iwillbringsomephotosheretoyoutomorrow。”梅對詹妮弗說:“我明天帶些照片來給你?！薄鶰aytoldJennifershewouldtakesomephotostheretoherthenextday.梅對詹妮弗說她第二天會帶些照片去給她。▲如果句意并無改變就不必改變上表所述單詞。例如在當?shù)剞D述，here不必改為there，動詞come不必改為go，如果在當天轉述yesterday,tomorrow等時間狀語也不必改變。如:Mrs。Winstonsaid，“Iwillcomeheretomorrowafternoon?！睖厮诡D太太說：“我今天下午會再打電話過來?！薄鶰rs。Winstonsaidshewouldcomehereagaintomorrowafternoon.溫斯頓太太說她今天下午會再打電話過來。(今天還在同樣的地方轉述這句話）【活學活用】45。單項填空1）Heasked__________forthecomputer。A。didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD。howmuchIpaid2）“Haveyouseenthefilm?"heaskedme?！鶫easkedme__________。A.hadIseenthefilmB。haveIseenthefilmC.ifIhaveseenthefilmD.whetherIhadseenthefilm3)“Pleaseclosethewindow，"hesaidtome.→He_________me________thewindow.A。saidto；tocloseB。toldto;closingC。asked;tocloseD。saidto；pleaseclose4）“Iamateacher,”Jacksaid?！鶫esaid__________.A.thatIamateacherB。IwasateacherC.thatheisateacherD。hewasateacher5)Hesaid,“Mother,theboyisverynaughty。”→He_________verynaughty。A。saidhismotherthattheboywasB.saidtohismotherthattheboyisC。toldhismotherthattheboywasD。spoketohismotherthattheboywas6）“You'vealreadygotwell，haven’tyou?”sheasked?！鶶heasked_________.A.ifIhavealreadygotwell，hadn'tyouB。whetherIhadalreadygotwellC。haveIalreadygotwellD.hadIalreadygotwell7）Heasked,“AreyouaPartymemberoraLeaguemember？”→Heaskedme_________.A。amIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberB。wasIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberC.ifIwasaPartymemberoraLeaguememberD.whetherwasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember8）Heasked,“Howareyougettingalong?”→Heasked_________。A.howamIgettingalongB。howareyougettingalongC.howIwasgettingalongD。howwasIgettingalong9）Heaskedme_________withme.A。whatthematterisB。whatthematerwasC.what’sthematterD。whatwasthem