Unit1DiscoveringUsefulStructuresInthisperiod,youwilllearn:eighttypcialsentencestructuresessentialsentencecomponentsnounphrase,adjectivephrase,adverbphraseidentifydifferentphrasesimproveadraftLeadinUsephrasestodescribethepictureThisisababy.Thisisacutebaby.Thebabyisquitecute.Thebabycriesverybitterly.短語的定義:短語或詞組是具有一定意義但不構(gòu)成句子或從句的一組詞。主語名詞:

Italianismyfirstlanguage.

意大利語是我的母語。代詞:

Whoisthatwoman?那個女的是誰？動名詞:

Livinginthatislandcountryforthreemonthsisanunforgettableexperienceforme.在那個島國生活了三個月對于我來說是一段難忘的經(jīng)歷。數(shù)詞:

Two-thirdofworkersarewomen.三分之二的工人是女性。不定式:

Tobeornottobeisnotaquesiton.生存與死亡已經(jīng)不是一個問題。詞組或復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.總學(xué)習(xí)并不游戲讓孩子變得呆板。Anadultjoggigfor3,000metersburns230kilo-calories.一個成年人慢跑三千米可以燃燒230千大卡。從句Whathashappenedprovesthatourpolicyisright.充當(dāng)主語有以下詞類：基本句型一Ｓ+Ｖ（主＋謂）

此句型的句子有一個共同特點(diǎn)，即句子的謂語動詞都能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類動詞叫做不及物動詞，后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等。1.IstudiedinGuangmingPrimarySchoolfrom1984to1990.2.Thismorningwemetattheschoolgateandwenttheretogether3.Thetimepassedquickly.4.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourhometowntheseyears.5.Thecardidn'tstopbutdroveoffatgreatspeed.點(diǎn)擊添加標(biāo)題此處添加詳細(xì)文本描述建議與標(biāo)題相關(guān)并符合整體語言風(fēng)格此處添加此處添加詳細(xì)文本描述此處添加詳細(xì)文本描述建議與標(biāo)題相關(guān)并符合整體語言風(fēng)格處添加此處添加詳細(xì)文本描述此處添加詳細(xì)文本描建議與標(biāo)題相關(guān)并符合整體語言風(fēng)格此處添加此處添加詳細(xì)文本描述點(diǎn)擊添加標(biāo)題點(diǎn)擊添加標(biāo)題Analyzetheunderlinedpartsofthesentencesandsumupwhattheyhaveincommon.1.(教材原文P16)Thefirstweekwasalittleconfusing.2.(教材原文P16)ThebuildingissobigthatI'mcompletelylost.3.(教材原文P16)MyfirstFrenchclasswasveryconfusing.4.(教材原文P16)Theteacherspokesoquickly.語法自主探究1.所有畫線部分都是短語(詞組)。2.

Thefirstweek,thebuilding,myfirstFrenchclass和theteacher屬于名詞短語。3.

alittleconfusing，sobig,completelylost,veryconfusing都屬于形容詞短語。4.

soquickly

自成一體，屬于副詞短語。共性總結(jié)形容詞短語AdjectivePhrase（AdjP）名詞短語NounPhrase（NP）

副詞短語AdverbPhrase（AdvP）Differentkindsofphrases

(1)名詞短語在句中作名詞用，一般用作____________________________等。(2)常見名詞短語的構(gòu)成形式有:限定詞十名詞

如:

Thegirl限定詞+形容詞(短語)十名詞

如:

Abeautifulgirl限定詞十名詞十介詞短語

如:

Abeautifulcampusofmyschool限定詞+描述性名詞+名詞

如:

Myschoollife主語、賓語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語

歸納

Beingafreshmanatseniorhighschoolisareallybigchallenge.It’salittleconfusingtochoosesuitablecoursesandextra-curricularactivities.

(NP)(AdjP)

(NP)(AdjP)

(NP)FindthephrasesinthesentencesTochoosesuitablecourses,Ihavetothinkverycarefullyandasktheschooladviserforhelp.MyadviserrecommendedthatIshouldsighupforadvancedliterature.

(NP)(AdvP)

(NP)

(NP)

(NP)Iamabitworriedaboutkeepingupwiththeotherstudentsinmyadvancedcourse.(AdjP)

(NP)根據(jù)句意，用恰當(dāng)?shù)拿~短語完成句子（1）

beginswiththefirststep（千里之行，始于足下）.（2）

（一個交換生）istalkingtoateacheroncampus.（3）Iwanttomake

（好的第一印象）.（4）Heeventoldus

（一個有趣的故事）!（5）

（上個月建造的那座橋）needsrepairing.（6）I’minterestedin

（植物和動物）.（7）I’dliketohave

（一張學(xué)生證），please.（8）Whatisthebestwaytoimproveyour

（閱讀能力）?（9）Ijusthad

（我的第一節(jié)數(shù)學(xué)課）inseniorhighschool!（10）Theguynexttometriedtotalktome

（一直）.Athousand-milejourneyAnexchangestudentagoodfirstimpressionafunnystoryThebridgebuiltlastmonthplantsandanimalsastudentIDcardreadingabilitymyfirstmathsclassthewholetime限定詞在名詞短語中對名詞中心詞起限定作用的詞叫做限定詞。限定詞位于名詞中心詞之前。限定詞與作前置修飾語的形容詞同時修飾一個名詞中心詞時，要位于形容詞之前。一個名詞前如果有兩個或兩個以上的限定詞，那么這些限定詞按分為：前位+中位+后位allthefourteacher(前+中+后）boththetwinbrothers（前+中）thoselastfewmonths（中+后+后）前位限定詞：all,both,half,double,twice,one-thirdwhat中位限定詞：a(an),the,this,that,these,those,my,your,his,her,its,some,no,every,either,enought,what(ever)后位限定詞：one,two,third,first,second,third,next,last,other,another,many,much,(a)few,(a)little,fewer,(the)fewest,less,(the)least,more,most,several,such,plentyof,lotsof,agreatnumberof,agood/greatmany(1)副詞短語在句中作副詞用，可以修飾動詞、形容詞或副詞，作__________等。(2)副詞短語由“(副詞)＋副詞”組成。Tips:副詞enough在修飾形容詞或者副詞構(gòu)成形容詞短語或者副詞短語時，一般放在所修飾的形容詞或者副詞后面。狀語歸納1.Thefirstweekwasalittleconfusing.

NPAdjP2.ThebuildingissobigthatI’mcompletelylost.

3.Thekidsoverthereareputtingsomethingonaroundpaperplate.

4.Lindathinksandspeaksquitequickly,andshecandowellinthedebate.

5.ThenewcoachtoldmethatIdidn’tplaywellenough.6.MyfirstFrenchclasswasveryconfusing.Theteacherspokesofast!

NPAdjPAdjPNPNPAdvPNPNPAdvPNPAdjPNPAdvPWhatdoyouthinkoftheimprovedversion