分子生物學(xué)（MolecularBiology)知到智慧樹章節(jié)測(cè)試課后答案2024年秋山東第一醫(yī)科大學(xué)第一章單元測(cè)試

TheNucleicacidwillgetmaximumUVabsorbanceatwavelength_____（）

A:280nmB:270nmC:230nmD:260nm

答案:260nmThecommoncomponentcomposedofDNAandRNAis_____（）

A:GuanineB:ThymineC:D-2-deoxyriboseD:D-ribose

答案:GuanineThesecondarystructureofDNAis_____（）

A:β-sheetB:doublehelixC:β-turnD:α-helix

答案:doublehelixThecorrespondinganticodontocodonACGis___（）

A:UGCB:CGUC:GCAD:CGT

答案:CGUSinglestrandDNA5’-CGGTA-3’canannealwiththefollowRNA_____（）

A:5’-GCCAU-3’B:5’-UACCG-3’C:5’-GCCAT-3’D:5’-TAGGC-3’

答案:5’-UACCG-3’mRNAisusedas_____intranslation.（）

A:adaptorB:templateC:NoneD:machinery

答案:templateAmountofTinRNAis0.25mol，soamountofAis_____.（）

A:0.75molB:1.00molC:0.5molD:0.25mol

答案:0.25moltRNAineukaryoticcellcontains_____（）

A:28sRNAB:18sRNAC:5.8sRNAD:5sRNA

答案:28sRNA；18sRNA；5.8sRNA；5sRNAThebaseinDNA_____（）

A:GB:AC:TD:C

答案:G；A；T；CStem-loopisatypeofsecondarystructurenotusuallyfoundintRNA.（）

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)AllgenomesarecomposedofRNA.（）

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:錯(cuò)

第二章單元測(cè)試

SequencesthatareremovedfromtheprimaryRNAtranscriptineukaryotesarecalled________.（）

A:operonsB:mRNAC:exonsD:introns

答案:intronsWhichcharacterisnottrueforeukaryoticgenes?（）

A:Thereisahighlyconservedsequenceatthejunctionofexonandintron.B:GenesofrRNAandsometRNAhaveintronstoo.C:EukaryoticgenestructureisdiscontinuousD:Alltheprotein-codinggenesinhighereukaryoteshaveintrons.

答案:Alltheprotein-codinggenesinhighereukaryoteshaveintrons.Whichisnotafeatureofenhancer？（）

A:Thedistancebetweenenhancersequencesandregulatedgenesvariesalot.B:Ageneoftenhasonlyoneenhancer.C:Sometimesenhancersequencescanalsobelocatedwithinintrons.D:Itcanenhancethepromoterinanydirectionandatanylocation

答案:Ageneoftenhasonlyoneenhancer.Theregulatorsofeukaryoticgeneexpressionconsistof________.（）

A:enhancerB:insulatorC:promoterD:silencer

答案:enhancer；insulator；silencerAllhousekeepinggeneshaveweakpromotorsandareregulatedtomaintaintheirgene

productsatconstantlowlevelconcentrations.（）

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:錯(cuò)

第三章單元測(cè)試

BasedonMeselson-Stahlexperiment,eachdaughterDNAmoleculeiscomposedof（）

A:twostrandswithbothnewandoldDNAB:twonewdaughterstrandsC:oneoldandonenewstrandD:twooldparentalstrands

答案:oneoldandonenewstrandWhichmechanismcanexplaintwostrandsaresynthesizedintheoppositedirection,inthereplicationfork?（）

A:bidirectionalreplicationB:semiconservativereplicationC:primingofDNAsynthesisD:semidiscontinuousreplication

答案:semidiscontinuousreplicationAlthoughmammaliangenomeishuge,cellscanreplicatethegenomeinjustafewminutes.Whichisthemostpossiblereason?（）

A:RNApolymerasescarryoutreplicationB:TheuniquecellcycleC:EukaryoticDNApolymerasesareextraordinarilyfasterthanprokaryotesD:Hundredsofreplicationforksworksimultaneously

答案:HundredsofreplicationforksworksimultaneouslyWhichisTUREabouttheinitiationofprokaryoticDNAreplication?（）

A:DNAhelicaseunwindsDNAduplexatoriCB:DNApolymeraseIIIremovesprimerC:DNApolymerseIsynthesizesnewlysynthesizedstrandD:TopoisomerasesynthesizesanRNAfragment

答案:DNAhelicaseunwindsDNAduplexatoriCWhichis

FALSEabouttheterminationofprokaryoticDNAreplication?（）

A:DNAligasesealsallDNAnicksB:DNApolymeraseIremovesallRNAprimersandleavesgapsC:CoordinatethesynthesisoflaggingandleadingstrandsD:DNApolymeraseIfillsgapsandleavesnicks

答案:CoordinatethesynthesisoflaggingandleadingstrandsWhichisFALSEaboutDNApolIIIinprokaryotes?（）

A:itcancatalyzetheformationof3’-5’phosphodiesterbondB:βclampsaidittofixDNAtemplatesC:α,δ,ξsubunitsformcoreenzymeD:ItisthekeyenzymeinDNAreplication

答案:α,δ,ξsubunitsformcoreenzymeMitochondrialDNAreplicatesin（）

A:reversetranscriptionB:conservativereplicationC:D-loopreplicationD:dispersivereplication

答案:D-loopreplicationRNAprimerinDNAreplication（）

A:isrequiredbyallOkazakifragmentsB:provides3’-OHtosynthesizeDNAC:staysinthedaughterDNAduplexD:activatesDNApolymerase

答案:isrequiredbyallOkazakifragments；provides3’-OHtosynthesizeDNADNAreplicationneeds（）

A:primaseB:topoisomeraseC:helicaseD:DNAligase

答案:primase；topoisomerase；helicase；DNAligaseWhatarethedifferencesofeukaryoticDNAreplicationfromprokaryotes?（）

A:telomereandtelomeraseaidterminationofeukaryotesB:thereplicationoriginofeukaryotesisshorterthanthatinprokaryotesC:eukaryoticDNAcontainsmultipleoriginsD:eukaryoticDNAisreplicatedinSphaseofcellcycle

答案:telomereandtelomeraseaidterminationofeukaryotes；thereplicationoriginofeukaryotesisshorterthanthatinprokaryotes；eukaryoticDNAcontainsmultipleorigins；eukaryoticDNAisreplicatedinSphaseofcellcycleTheOkazakifragmentofeukaryotesislongerthanthatofprokaryotes.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:錯(cuò)ReversetranscriptaseexertsthefunctionsofRNAdependentDNApolymeraseandDNAdependentDNApolymerase.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:對(duì)

第四章單元測(cè)試

WhichofthefollowingDNAdamagesbelongstoexogenousDNAdamage（）.

A:InstabilityofDNAstructureB:InaccuracyinDNAreplicationC:EndogenousOxidativeDNAdamageD:Ionizingradiation

答案:IonizingradiationWhichtypeofDNApointmutationswillnotleadtothechangeinaminoacid（）.

A:MissensemutationB:NonsensemutationC:NoneofthemD:Silentmutation

答案:Silentmutationwhichbasesubstitutionbelowbelongsto“Transition”pointmutation.（）

A:C→TB:A→CC:A→TD:G→T

答案:C→TWhichiswrongbelowasdescribedfordirectlyundoingDNAdamagesrepair.（）

A:ThereisnoanyDNAsynthesisB:PyrimidinedimercausedbyUVcanberepairedbydirectlyundoingDNAdamagerepairprocessinhumancells.C:O6-methylguaninemethyltransferasecandirectlyremoveO6alkylationsonguanineresiduesbydirectlyundoingDNAdamagerepair.D:Convertingalterednucleotidebacktooriginalform.

答案:ThereisnoanyDNAsynthesisInwhichprocessGG-NERandTC-NERshowdifferent（）

A:DNAstrandunwindingB:NucleotidesresynthesisC:DNAStrandexcisionD:DNAlesionrecognition

答案:DNAlesionrecognitionThedeficiencyofNERrepairproteinsissusceptibleto_disease.（）

A:SickleHbCB:LynchsyndromeC:ChronicmyelogenousleukemiaD:Xerodermapigmentosum

答案:XerodermapigmentosumDuringmismatchrepairinprokaryotes,thenewlysynthesizedDNAisrecognizedbythelackof()modification（）

A:DeaminationB:MethylationC:AcetylationD:Phosphorylation

答案:MethylationDuringdoublestrandedDNAbreakrepair,NHEJshowsmoreprecisecomparedtoHR.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:錯(cuò)DNAdamageisthemaincausefortheincreasedfrequencyofgenemutation.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:對(duì)BaseexcisionrepairisoneofDNArepairpathwaystocorrectslargebaselesions.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:錯(cuò)

第五章單元測(cè)試

WhichcomponentoftheprokaryoteRNApolymeraseholoenzymeisinvolvedinrecognizingpromotersspecifictocertaintypesofgenes?（）

A:αB:β’C:βD:σ

答案:σWhichRNApolymerasetranscribesthegeneofinsulin?（）

A:RNApolymeraseIIIB:RNApolymeraseIVC:RNApolymeraseIID:RNApolymeraseI

答案:RNApolymeraseIIAlltheRNAsbelowaretranscribedbyRNApolIexcept（）

A:5.8SrRNAB:23SrRNAC:28SrRNAD:18SrRNA

答案:23SrRNAWhichofthefollowingstepsoccursfirstinprokayotictranscription?（）

A:promoterclearanceB:formationofanopenpromotercomplexC:formationofaclosedpromotercomplexD:Rhoproteinbinding

答案:formationofaclosedpromotercomplexTheRhoproteinisinvolvedinthe_____stageoftranscription.（）

A:post-transcriptionalprocessingB:terminationC:initiationD:elongation

答案:terminationInprokaryotes,RNApolymerasecanbindupstreamsequencesofpromotersdirectly.Eukaryotesneedsomeproteinstofacilitatethebinding.Whatarethenamesoftheseproteins?（）

A:TranscriptionfactorsB:IntronsC:TATAboxproteinsD:Exons

答案:TranscriptionfactorsWhichtranscriptionfactorcanrecognizeandbindtoTATAbox?（）

A:TFIIDB:TFIIBC:TFIIED:TFIIH

答案:TFIIDAmutationtothissequenceineukaryoticmRNAwillaffecttheprocessbywhichthe3'-endpoly-AtailisaddedtothemRNA.（）

A:CAATB:AAUAAAC:TATAAAD:TTGACA

答案:AAUAAAThefunctionsof5’CapofeukaryoticmRNAinclude（）

A:transportofthemRNAfromnucleustocytosol;B:accelerationoftheaddingofpolyAtail.C:protectionofthemRNAfromdegradation;D:enhancementofthemRNA’stranslatability;

答案:transportofthemRNAfromnucleustocytosol;；protectionofthemRNAfromdegradation;；enhancementofthemRNA’stranslatability;Cis-actingelementsandtrans-actingfactorscontroltranscription.Thecis-actingelementsincludetheTATAbox,enhancersandotherelementsetal.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:對(duì)RNAPolIIistheenzymesynthesizinghnRNAineukaryotes.Itisnotsusceptibletoamanitin.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:錯(cuò)Eukaryotictranscriptionsisaccompaniedbytranslation.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:錯(cuò)

第六章單元測(cè)試

Weusuallycallcodonscontains5characteristics,amongwhichthedegeneracyofthegeneticcodemeans?（）

A:MostaminoacidshavemorethanonesetofcodonsB:AtripletcodoncanlackorinsertapurineorpyrimidinebaseC:TherearemanyrarebasesinthecodewhichtranslaterareaminoacidsD:Atleastninecodonsapplytomorethanoneaminoacid

答案:MostaminoacidshavemorethanonesetofcodonsAgenehasthebasesequenceACCCGTGCACGT.IftheAatthebeginningofthesequenceisdeleted,whatwillbehappen?（）

A:RNApolymerasewillinsertthecorrectcodon,andanormalproteinwillbeproducedB:OnlyoneaminoacidcodedforinthatcodonwillbechangedC:AllofthecodonsafterApointwillbechangedD:RNApolymerasewillskipthatcodon,andtheothercodonswillbereadnormally.

答案:AllofthecodonsafterApointwillbechangedWhichbondisanaminoacidlinkedtothetRNA?（）

A:esterB:glycosidicC:highenergyD:phosphodiester

答案:esterTheenergyrequiredforthestepofpeptidechainelongationinprokaryoticis?（）

A:UTPandATPB:ATPandGTPC:CTPandGTPD:onlyGTP

答案:onlyGTPTheShine-Dalgarnosequenceisfoundonthe________.（）

A:smallribosomalsubunitB:largeribosomalsubunitC:mRNAD:initiatortRNA

答案:mRNAAmongthefollowingfactors,whichonecoulddelivertheaminoacyl-tRNAtotheAsiteofribosome?（）

A:EF-TuB:IF-2C:EF-GD:EF-Ts

答案:EF-TuThespecificsequenceontheNterminusofsecretoryproteiniscalled（）

A:signalpeptideB:secretorypeptideC:signalsequenceD:signalpetidase

答案:signalpeptideWhichproteinfactorhasthetranslocaseenzymeactivityineukaryotes:（）

A:eIF-4BproteinfactorB:eRFproteinfactorC:eEF-2proteinfactorD:eIF-2proteinfactor

答案:eEF-2proteinfactorWhichoftheclassesofRNAmoleculesis/arepartoftheprocessof

translation?（）

A:TransferRNAB:SmallnuclearRNAC:RibosomalRNAD:MessengerRNA

答案:TransferRNA；RibosomalRNA；MessengerRNAMessengerRNA(mRNA)ismadebyaprocesscalledtranslation.（）

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:錯(cuò)Polypeptidesunfoldinthecytoplasmofacelltoformafunctionalprotein.（）

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:錯(cuò)Thegeneticcodehasfourletters,A,T,G,andC.（）

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:錯(cuò)

第七章單元測(cè)試

WhichisNOTafinalproductofgeneexpression?（）

A:rRNAB:mRNAC:tRNAD:protein

答案:mRNAIfageneisexpressedatrelativelyconstantrateinalmostallthecells,itiscalleda(an)（）

A:repressiblegeneB:induciblegeneC:housekeepinggeneD:constantgene

答案:housekeepinggeneThemostefficientstepofgeneexpressionregulationis（）

A:activationofchromosomesB:transcriptioninitiationC:transcriptionterminationD:translationinitiation

答案:transcriptioninitiationWhichoneisNOTacis-actingelement?（）

A:promoterB:enhancerC:silencerD:activatorprotein

答案:activatorproteinTheprokaryoticoperatorsequenceisusually（）.

A:boundbyCAPB:locatedonthedownstreamregionofpromoterC:locatedontheupstreamregionofpromoterD:boundbyRNApolymerase

答案:locatedontheupstreamregionofpromoterIntheregulationoflacoperon,whenthemediumcontainsbothglucoseandlactose,whichstatementistrue?（）

A:repressorisactive;CAPisinactiveB:bothrepressorandCAPareinactiveC:repressorisinactive;CAPisactiveD:bothrepressorandCAPareactive

答案:bothrepressorandCAPareinactiveInlacoperon,repressorproteincouldbindto()sequence.（）

A:operatorB:lacZC:lacID:promoter

答案:operatorIntheregulationoflacoperon,whenthemediumcontainsonlyglucose,whichstatementistrue?（）

A:concentrationofcAMPislow,CAPisactiveB:concentrationofcAMPislow,CAPisinactiveC:concentrationofcAMPishigh,CAPisactiveD:concentrationofcAMPishigh,CAPisinactive

答案:concentrationofcAMPislow,CAPisinactiveIfageneisexpressedonlyincertainorgansortissues,thisiscalled（）

A:temporalspecificityofgeneexpressionB:noneoftheaboveC:stagespecificityofgeneexpressionD:spatialspecificityofgeneexpression

答案:spatialspecificityofgeneexpressionWhichisNOTthebasalcis-actingelementsineukaryotes?（）

A:enhancerB:promoterC:operatorD:insulator

答案:operatorEnhancersmustlocateontheupstreamregionofpromoter.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:錯(cuò)Theactivechromatinusuallyshowslowlevelofmethylation.（）

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)

第八章單元測(cè)試

Whichstatementistrueaboutoncogenes?（）

A:HypermethylationhappensintheirpromoterregionB:TheyareusuallyactivatedincancerdevelopmentC:OncogenesareonlypresentincancercellsD:Theirproductsinhibitcellproliferation

答案:TheyareusuallyactivatedincancerdevelopmentWhichoneofthefollowingisoncogene?（）

A:p53B:RbC:mycD:PTEN

答案:mycThefollowingchangespromoteoncogeneactivation,except（）

A:MutationB:TranslocationC:LossofheterozygosityD:Amplification

答案:LossofheterozygosityThemechanismsoftumorsuppressorgeneinactivationinclude（）

A:LossofheterozygosityB:ObtainingnewpromoterorenhancerC:MutationD:hypermethylation

答案:Lossofheterozygosity；Mutation；hypermethylationInmostchronicmyelogenousleukemia,tumorigenesisiscausedbyoncogeneamplification（）

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:錯(cuò)

第九章單元測(cè)試

ThebasicstepsofPCRreactionare:（）

A:annealing,extension,denaturationB:denaturation,annealing,extensionC:annealing,denaturation,extensionD:denaturation,extension,annealing

答案:denaturation,annealing,extensionThebasiccomponentsofthePCRsystemdoesnotinclude:（）

A:NTPB:dNTPC:thermalstableDNApolymeraseD:templateDNA

答案:NTPWhichtechnologycanbeusedtoidentifyDNA?（）

A:affinitychromatographyB:NorthernblottingC:WesternblottingD:Southernblotting

答案:SouthernblottingWhicharerightaboutmolecularhybridization?（）

A:CanonlyhybridizationbetweenDNAandRNAB:FromtheunderstandingofDNAdenaturationandrenaturationphenomenonC:HybridmoleculesmustbecompletelybasepairingD:Thehybridmoleculesmustbesingle

答案:FromtheunderstandingofDNAdenaturationandrenaturationphenomenon；ThehybridmoleculesmustbesingleInthePCRreaction,thepurposeofannealingistomakethecombinationofprimerandtemplate.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:對(duì)Proteinchiptechnologyhasthecharacteristicsoffastandhighthroughput,itcanbeusedtoanalyzethousandsofproteinsinthewholegenomelevelatthesametime.（）

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)

第十章單元測(cè)試

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrueconcerningTypeIIrestrictionendonucleases?（）

A:TheycancleavesingleDNAB:CutDNAintofragmentsatrecognitionsiteC:RecognizepalindromesequenceD:Stickyendsorbluntendsareproducedafterdigestion

答案:TheycancleavesingleDNAWhichisnotnecessaryaspartofprokaryoticexpressionvector?（）

A:PolyAsignalB:PromoterC:RibosomebindingsiteD:Selectablemarkers

答案:PolyAsignalBasedonthenamingrules,thefirstletterofarestrictionendonucleasemeans（）

A:IdentifiedorderB:BacterialstrainC:BacterialspeciesD:Bacterialgenus

答案:BacterialgenusIsocaudarnerpresents（）

A:Variousrestrictionendonucleasesrecognizesamepalindromes,andproducesamestickyendsB:Variousrestrictionendonucleasesrecognizedifferentpalindromes,butproducesamestickyendsC:Variousrestrictionendonucleasesrecognizesamepalindrome,butcutatidenticalsiteD:Variousrestrictionendonucleasesrecognizesamepalindrome,butcutatdifferentsite

答案:Variousrestrictionendonucleasesrecognizedifferentpalindromes,butproducesamestickyendsPlasmidsareusuallyintroducedintobacterialcellsby.（）

A:InfectionB:TransfectionC:TransformationD:Transduction

答案:TransformationT4DNAligaserequires（）

A:ATPB:NAD+C:GTPD:AMP

答案:ATP