PAGEPAGE11.兼職能讓學生更好地了解自己的喜好或是檢驗一種可能的職業(yè)方向.例如,很多大學生做兼職家教.隨后,他們當中一些人可能會意識到他們對教學有濃厚的興趣,并決定在畢業(yè)后從事教育領域的工作.Part-timeemploymentcanhelpstudentstobetterunderstandtheirpreferencesorto

testout

(1.檢驗)apossiblecareerdirection.Forexample,manyuniversitystudentsworkaspart-timetutors.

Subsequently(2.隨后),someofthemmayrealizethatthey

haveanavidinterestin

(3.對……有濃厚興趣)teaching,anddecidetopursueworkintheeducationfieldupongraduation.

1-testout

詞典釋義：testout6.

IDEA/PLAN

主意/計劃

also

testout,tostarttouseanideaor

plantofindoutifitiscorrectoreffective驗證;檢驗：?DrLeesetupa

seriesofexperimentstotestoutthishypothesis.李博士設計了一系列實驗來驗證這個假設.

外刊例句：Asasecondapproximation,youmaywanttotry

to

testout

aninvestmentstrategy

basedondiscountrates.

()作為這二次估測,你可能想嘗試去驗證一下那基于折扣率的投資策略.

替換表達：test

2-subsequently

詞典釋義：subsequently

sub·se·quent·ly/

?s?bs?kw?ntl?

;

?s?bs?kw?ntli

/adverbformal

1.afteraneventinthepast后來,隨后,接著：?Thebookwas

subsequentlytranslatedinto15languages.那本書后來被譯成了

15種語言.?Subsequently,the

companyfiledforbankruptcy.隨后,該公司申請了破產(chǎn).

外刊例句：Subsequently,

workbecomesthebeallandendall–themostimportantthinginaperson’s

life–andthatisn’thealthy.

()隨后,工作就變成了最為重要的東西,即人生命中最重要的東西,這種發(fā)展可不健康.

替換表達：later/lateron

學生錯誤表達：Afterwards點評：afterwards是指某件事結(jié)束之后不久立即接上下一件,如果中間有比較長的間隔,應該用lateron/subsequently,例如：OnSaturday

morningIwenttoseeAdrianinhospital.

Afterwards

Idroveintotowntodosomeshopping.

我們不能說：Westarted

goingouttogetherjusttohavefun,asfriends.Afterwardswebothrealized

thattherewasmorethanjustfriendship.而要說：Westartedgoing

outtogetherjusttohavefun,asfriends.

Lateron

webothrealizedthattherewasmorethanjust

friendship.

3-haveanavidinterestin

詞典釋義：avid['?v.?d]

adjective

■extremelyeagerorinterested

渴望的;急切的;熱衷的;干勁十足的?an

avid

football

fan狂熱的足球球迷?an

avid

supporter

ofthearts藝術(shù)活動的熱心支持者?Hetookan

avid

interest

intheproject.他對這個企劃案產(chǎn)生了極大的興趣.?formal

She

hadn'tseenhimforsixmonthsandwas

avid

for

news.她已六個月未曾見到他,正望穿秋水地盼著他的音訊.

外刊例句：This

avidinterest

suggestsdemandfor

theNanowilloutstripsupplyforthefirstyearortwo.()這種強烈興趣暗示了,Nano將在一兩年內(nèi)供不應求.

替換表達：have/takeadeep/keeninterestin,haveapassionfor

Q：不太明白test和test

out的區(qū)別在哪里?A：testout和test意思是相同的,在這里都可以用.

2.在很多情況下文憑是被雇用的必要而非充分條件.很多公司在選擇應聘者過程中,不僅僅考慮學術(shù)成就,還有考慮課外活動甚至是來自教授的推薦信.Inmanycases,adiplomais

anecessarybutnotsufficientcondition(1.必要而非充分條件)forbeinghired.Inselectingcandidates,companiesusuallyconsidernotonly

academicdistinction

(2.學術(shù)成就)butalsoparticipationinextracurricularactivitiesandeven

lettersofreference

(3.推薦信)fromprofessors.

1-anecessarybutnotsufficientcondition

詞典釋義：necessary['nes.?.ser.i]

adjective

ESSENTIAL

■neededinordertoachieveaparticularresult

必需的,不可或缺的?Helacksthe

necessary

skillsforthejob.他不具備做這項工作所需的技能.?Idon'thavemuchtimesoIwon'tbestayinganylonger

than

necessary.我時間不多,所以若非必要我不會逗留.?Justdowhat's

necessary

andthenleave.做完必要的事情就走吧.?If

necessary,

wecanalwayschangethedatesofourtrip.必要的話,我們隨時可以改變旅行的日期.?Is

itnecessary

for

allofus

to

be

presentatthemeetingthisafternoon?

我們必須全體出席今天下午的會議嗎??Wedon'twanttotakeanymoreluggagewithusthanis

strictly

necessary.除了不可或缺的行李以外,我們不想帶多余的東西.

sufficient2.ADJ

形容詞

(理由、條件)充足的,充分的

Ifsomethingisa

sufficient

cause

orconditionforsomethingtohappen,itcanhappen.

【搭配模式】：ADJn

【語域標簽】：FORMAL正式?Disciplineisanecessary,butcertainlynota

sufficient

conditionforlearningtotakeplace.紀律是有必要的,但絕對不是保證學習成效的充分條件.

外刊例句：Leaving

theGazaStripis

anecessarybutnot

sufficientcondition

toestablishpeace.()從加沙地帶撤離是締結(jié)和平的必須步驟,但仍未足以實現(xiàn)和平.

2-academicdistinction

詞典釋義：academic[??k.?'dem.?k]

adjective

STUDYING

學習的

IMPROVER

■relatingtoschools,collegesanduniversities,or

connectedwithstudyingandthinking,notwithpracticalskills

學校的,學院的;學術(shù)的?academic

subjects/qualifications/books學科／學歷／學術(shù)書籍?an

academic

institution學術(shù)機構(gòu)?the

academic

year(=thetime,usuallyfromSeptember

toJune,duringwhichstudentsgotoschoolorcollege)學年?academic

standards學術(shù)水準

distinction2.N-UNCOUNT

不可數(shù)名詞

卓越;杰出;優(yōu)秀

Distinction

isthequalityofbeingverygoodorbetterthanotherthingsof

thesametype.

【語域標簽】：FORMAL正式?Lewisemergesasacomposerof

distinction

andsensitivity.劉易斯作為一位悟性很高的優(yōu)秀作曲家嶄露頭角.

?...piecesoffurnitureof

distinction.一件件精美家具

外刊例句：Afocusonthe

academicdistinction

betweenreligionandraceisoftenusedasa

figleafforprejudiceandoutrightbigotry.

()對于宗教和民族間的學術(shù)成就的聚焦,常常成了掩蓋偏見和赤裸的偏執(zhí)信念的"無花果葉”.

替換表達：academicachievement/success

3-lettersofreference

詞典釋義：referenceUK

['ref.?r.?nts]

US

[-?-]

noun

LETTER

信件

ADVANCED

countable

■aletterthatis

writtenbysomeonewhoknowsyou,todescribeyouandsayifyouaresuitable

forajoborcourse,etc

推薦信;介紹信?Myoldheadteachersaidhewould

write/give

mea

glowing(=verygood)

reference.我以前的中學校長說他會為我寫一封很好的推薦信.

外刊例句：Heddhasuncoveredcandidateswhohave

supportedtheirclaimswithfakedegreecertificatesandofficial-looking

lettersofreference.

()英國高等教育學位檢驗機構(gòu)(Hedd)揭露了某些以假學歷證明和假官方推薦信來為自己論調(diào)背書的候選人.

替換表達：aletterofrecommendation/references

Q："推薦信”的表達lettersof

reference,前面的lettersof可否去掉?A：可以,這里寫成references也沒問題.

Inselectingcandidates,companiesusually

considernotonlyacademicdistinctionbutalsoparticipationin

extracurricularactivitiesandevenlettersofreferencefrom

professors.

【分析】本句是一個主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu),其主語是companies,謂語是consider,賓語共有三個,前兩個賓語是academicdistinction和participation,由并列連詞notonly…butalso連接,最后一個賓語是lettersofreference,由連詞and與前面兩個賓語相連.句首Inselectingcandidates是一個介詞短語,作狀語.

3.很多學生意識到的一個事實是,隨著越來越多的人擁有研究生學歷,雇主們開始重新評估學歷本身的價值了.公司越來越想雇用具有最相關的技能和經(jīng)驗的學生,而不一定是雇用學歷最高的學生.Manystudentsareawareofthefactthat,withgrowingnumbersofgraduatedegreeholders,employershavebegunto

reappraise(1.重新評估)thevalueofanacademicdiploma

perse(2.本身).Increasingly,companiesprefertohirestudentswiththemostrelevantskillsandexperience,and

notnecessarily

(3.不一定)theonewiththehighestdegree.

1-reappraise

詞典釋義：reappraise

1.VERB

動詞

重新估計;重新評價

Ifyou

reappraise

somethingsuchasanideaoraplan,youthinkcarefullyaboutit

anddecidewhetheritneedstobechanged.

【語法信息】：Vn

【語域標簽】：FORMAL正式?Itdidnotpersuadethemtoabandonthewarbutitdid

forcethemto

reappraise

theirstrategy.那并沒有說服他們放棄戰(zhàn)爭,但的確迫使他們重新評估了自己的戰(zhàn)略.

外刊例句：Heisinhisfortiesnow,anagethatCarl

Jungbelievedtobethe"noonoflife”,whenmen,inparticular,

reappraise

pastachievementsandlook

fornewwaystomakeacontribution.

()他現(xiàn)在已四十歲了,這是榮格所認為的"生命盛時”階段,在這時,男性尤其得重新評估其前半生成就,尋找新途徑來為社會做貢獻.

替換表達：reassess/re-evaluate

2-perse

詞典釋義：perseformal

adverb

■byorofitself

自身,本身

?Researchshowsthatitisnotdivorcepersethatharms

children,butthecontinuingconflictbetweenparents.研究顯示,對孩子造成傷害的不是離婚本身,而是父母間持續(xù)的沖突.

外刊例句：Intheaftermathofthe2008financialcrisis,

itwasawayofassigningresponsibilityforthedebacle,nottoapolitical

party

perse,buttoan

establishmentthathadconcededitsauthoritytothemarket.

()在2008年金融危機的余波中,這種方式無異于把引發(fā)災難的責任置于一個已經(jīng)"臣服”于市場的機構(gòu),而非其政黨本身.

替換表達：itself

學生錯誤表達：It點評：這里應該用反身代詞itself,或者詞組perse

3-notnecessarily

詞典釋義：notnecessarily

phrase

1.

notalways,ornotin

everysituation

Individualsymptomsarenotnecessarilytypicalofthe

disease.

Headingswithinthetextshouldbeboldbutnotnecessarily

bigger.

Ourclientswon’tnecessarilyunderstandwhyweareraisingourprices.

外刊例句：We'vebeeninagradualwarmingtrendsince

theendingofthe"LittleIceAge"inabout1870,andclimate

changeisperfectlynaturaland

not

necessarily

bad.()自"小冰河期”于1870年左右結(jié)束以來,世界就經(jīng)歷著逐漸緩慢的趨勢,而氣候變化也十分自然,不一定就很糟糕.

學生錯誤表達：insteadof/

ratherthantheonehavingthehighestdiploma.點評：insteadof/

ratherthan在這里的意思是"而不是”,語氣過于絕對,這與原文意思有偏差,可以改為not

necessarilytheonehavingthehighestdiploma

Q：請問withgrowingnumbersof

graduatedegreeholderswith的用法是由于還是隨著呢?A：這里with的用法是"隨著”的意思.

Q：請問范例最后的theone是指thestudent,還是thestudents?A：theone是指thestudent

Manystudentsareawareofthefactthat,with

growingnumbersofgraduatedegreeholders,employershavebegunto

reappraisethevalueofanacademicdiplomaperse.

【分析】本句是一個主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu),其主語是Manystudents,謂語是areawareof,賓語是thefactthat…,其中由that引導了一個同位語從句,修飾thefact.在that同位語從句中,withgrowingnumbersofgraduatedegreeholders是介詞短語作伴隨狀語,employers作主語,havebeguntoreappraise作謂語,thevalueofanacademicdiplomaperse作賓語.

4.通過生活在不同的城市或國家,我們能獲得語言和文化的多樣性能力.這種能力是越來越多雇主所需要的,而且他們愿意為此付出更多薪水.即使是那些曾經(jīng)生活在不同地方但只能說一種語言的人,也由于他們的適應能力和對跨文化差異的敏感性而變得更有市場.Bymovingaroundtodifferentcitiesorcountries,wecangainthe

linguisticandculturalversatility(1.語言和文化的多樣性能力)thatmoreandmoreemployersdemandandforwhichtheyarewillingto

payapremium(2.付出額外的錢).Eventhosewhohavemovedaroundbutremain

monolingual(3.只能說一種語言的)willbemore

marketable

(4.有市場的)asaresultoftheiradaptabilityandcross-culturalsensitivity.

1-linguisticandculturalversatility

詞典釋義：linguistic

[l??'gw?s.t?k]

adjective

■connectedwithlanguageorthestudyoflanguage

語言的;語言學的?I'mparticularlyinterestedinthe

linguistic

developmentofyoungchildren.我對幼兒語言能力的發(fā)展尤其感興趣.

versatileityEtymology：

French

versatilité,

from

versatile

+-ité

-ity

：

thequalityorstateofbeingversatile

<amanofgreat

versatility,anexplorerin

allthesciencesunderlyingagriculture

—

R.H.Chittenden>

<ametalvaluedforits

versatility

>

外刊例句：Asamotiongraphicdesignerworkinginfilm,

Icanappreciatethattherapidevolutionand

versatility

ofdigitalhasrevolutionisedfilm-making,butasan

artistpassionateaboutcraft,I’mreassuredfilmstillhasitsplaceand

holdsitsown.

()數(shù)碼技術(shù)飛快發(fā)展,已能應付各種工作,極大改革了電影制作,而我作為一名電影圖像設計師,對此表示贊賞,不過若作為電影工藝制作愛好者而言,我相信傳統(tǒng)電影還是能有一席之地的.

學生錯誤表達：diversity

abilityoflanguageandculture點評：diversity是名詞,不能修飾ability,而且ability后面的介詞應該是in,而不是of,這里可以改為multiple

abilitiesinlanguagesandculture

2-payapremium

詞典釋義：premium['pri：.mi.?m]

noun

EXTRA

額外的

ADVANCED

countable

■anamountwhichismorethanusual

獎金,津貼;加價;附加費?We'rewillingtopaya

premium

forthebest

location.為了得到最好的地段,我們愿意多付些錢.?Becauseoftheirlocation,theseoffices

attract

a

premium.由于地段好,這些辦公室租金更高.?Themodifiedcarsareavailable

at

a

premium

of

5%

over

theoriginalprice.改裝后的汽車的售價要比原價高5%.?Thebusyshopper

puts

a

premium

on

(=

appreciatesandwillpaymorefor)findingeverythinginonebigstore.時間有限的購物者若能在一家大商店買齊所有的東西,就算價錢高一點也是愿意的.

外刊例句：Apple'sformulasoundssimple：keeppeople

happyto

payapremium.Butitis

atrickthatisfarfromsimpletopulloff.

()蘋果的方案聽起來很簡單：讓人們開心,從而更多點錢.不過這招數(shù)要用起來可就難得很了.

替換表達：payextramoney

3-monolingual

詞典釋義：monolingual

UK

[?m?n.??'l??.gw?l]

US

[?mɑ：.no?-]

adjective

■speakingorusingonlyonelanguage

只使用一種語言的,單語的?Thisisa

monolingual

dictionary.這是一本單語詞典.

外刊例句：The

monolingual

Brit