高考英語(yǔ)——非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)總結(jié)PAGEPAGE41.當(dāng)名詞被thefirst,thelast等序數(shù)詞以及theonly,形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，常用不定式作定語(yǔ)，而不管動(dòng)作是否已完成． Heistheonlypersontoknowthetruth. Sheisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.2.被修飾詞是抽象名詞時(shí)，常用不定式作定語(yǔ)：ability，chance，idea，hope，wish，fact，excuse，promise，attempt，way等。 Andthebestwaytostrengthenwillpoweristomakeitintoahabit. Theabilitytoexpressanideaisasimportantastheideaitself.3.主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義的不定式。主語(yǔ)＋be+adj.+todoThequestionisverydifficulttoanswer.Thearmchairiscomfortabletositin.Thebookishardtounderstand.這類詞有：easy,difficult,hard,cheap,expensive,fit,comfortable,heavy,good,important,impossible,dangerous,surprised,astonished,delighted,disappointed等，表示主語(yǔ)特征、性質(zhì)或說(shuō)明產(chǎn)生這種情感的原因。4.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ) Weatherpermitting,wearegoingtovisityoutomorrow. Timepermitting（=Iftimepermits）,Ishallstayhereforanothertwodays． Thetestfinished,webeganourholiday. Everythingdone(=Aftereverythingwasdone),theywenthome. Motherbeingillinbed（=BecauseMotherwasillinbed）,hecouldn’tgotowork. Hecameoutofthelibrary,alargebookunderhisarm.5.表示感官的動(dòng)詞1感2聽(tīng),5看feel/hear,listento/see,watch,notice,observe,lookat感官的動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+do看見(jiàn)...做了（全過(guò)程）...doing看見(jiàn)...正在做...done看見(jiàn)被做...IheardhersinganEnglishsong.IheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedherroom.Iseehimbeatenbythosebadboys.6.4個(gè)使役動(dòng)詞:have，make，let，get+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)（非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）※make/let+賓語(yǔ)+dosth迫使某人做某事，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)為bemadetodosthHemademelaugh.IwasmadetolaughbyhimLet’sgothere,shallwe?※make/let+賓語(yǔ)+done(動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞)（使某事被做）Hecouldn'tmakehimselfheardabovethenoiseofthetraffic.Letheclotheswashed.※have+賓語(yǔ)+dosthHehadhergothere.※have+賓語(yǔ)+doingsth表示動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者為賓語(yǔ),但是動(dòng)詞必須是持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞/延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，后面常接一個(gè)時(shí)間段HehadherstandingintherainfortwohoursHehaduslaughingallthroughlunch.※have+賓語(yǔ)+done表示叫，讓，請(qǐng)別人做某事或遭遇不幸事件IwillhavemybikerepairedthisafternoonHehadhiswalletstolenattherailwaystation.Hehadhispocketpicked.※get+賓語(yǔ)+todosthHegothisbrothertohelphim.※get+賓語(yǔ)+doingsthHegothisbikerunningveryfast※get+賓語(yǔ)+doneHegotthecarstarted7.with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)“With+復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)”又稱為“with結(jié)構(gòu)”，在句中表狀態(tài)或說(shuō)明背景情況，常做伴隨，方式，原因，條件等狀語(yǔ)。※with+名詞+todo（不定式動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生）Withsomanypeopletohelpus,wearesuretofinishitintime．※with+名詞+doing（強(qiáng)調(diào)名詞是-ing分詞的動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者或某動(dòng)作，正在進(jìn)行）Hefellasleepwiththelampburning．他沒(méi)熄燈就睡著了?！鵚ith+名詞+-ed分詞（強(qiáng)調(diào)名詞是-ed分詞動(dòng)作的承受者或動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生）Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked．8.to作為介詞的短語(yǔ)：lookforwardtolookforwardto，payattentionto，objectto＝beopposedto，bedevotedto，stickto，comecloseto(差一點(diǎn))，getdownto(開(kāi)始認(rèn)真做)，get/beaccustomed/usedto(doing),leadto＝contributeto，itcomesto（談到……；就……而論）9.介詞but/except表除了，其前有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do時(shí)，but/except后的不定式to要省略，否則to則不省.我們用一句話概括就是：前有do后省toShehasnochoicebuttowaitHecoulddonothingbutwait.Icoulddonothingexceptagree.10.it作形式主語(yǔ),構(gòu)成句型: It’s+n.(adj.)+for(of)sb.+todosth. Itisdifficult/easy/possible/necessary/...forsb.todosth.在某些形容詞如clever,good,n