含有-tain-的詞匯總結(jié)abstain,contain,detain,entertain,maitain,pertain,obtain,retain,sustaintenere"tohold"(fromPIEroot*ten-"tostretch")1.abstain/?b?ste?n/v.離開，回避withhold,keepback,keepoff；戒除，抑制hold(oneself)back,practiceabstinence,eepfreefromsinorvice;liveausterely,practiceabstinenceorasceticism;棄權(quán)，不投票refrainfromvotingab"off,awayfrom"(seeab-)+tenere"tohold"(fromPIEroot*ten-"tostretch")例句：Hesworeto

abstain

fromsmoking.他發(fā)誓要戒煙。

2.detain/d??te?n/v.拘留，扣押,耽擱，阻留

de"from,away"(seede-)+tenere"tohold"(fromPIEroot*ten-"tostretch")holdoff,keepback,toholdincustody,keeporrestrainfromproceeding例句：Policehave_____（detain）twosuspectsinconnectionwiththeattack.警方拘留了2名與該襲擊事件有關(guān)的嫌疑人。detaineddetain的拓展詞：detainer/d??te?n?(r)/n.onewhodetains挽留者detainee/?di?te??ni?/n.未判決囚犯；被扣押者detainment/d??te?nm?nt/n.扣留；延誤；挽留actofdetainingdetention/d??ten?n/n.actofkeepingbackorwithholding拘留，關(guān)押；（作為懲罰的）課后留校

3.contain/k?n?te?n/v.抓在一起，包含holdtogether

com

"with,together"(see

con-)+

tenere

"tohold"(fromPIEroot

*ten-

"tostretch").havesomethinginside,enclose,tohave(something)asaconstituentpart,"restrain(someone),control(oneself),behave(inacertainway).例句：Theenvelope________（contain）aChristmascard.Watermelon_________（contain）vitaminsandalsopotassium.西瓜含有維生素也有鉀。contains/containedcontainscontain的派生詞：container/k?n?te?n?(r)/n.容器，貨柜，集裝箱containment/k?n?te?nm?nt/n.contain+-mentactionorfactofcontaining控制，抑制；（對(duì)他國(guó)力量的）遏制4.entertain/?ent??te?n/v.使有興趣，使快樂(lè),招待，請(qǐng)客；心存，懷有（想法、希望、感覺(jué)等）entre-"among"(fromLatininter;seeinter-)+tenir"tohold"(fromLatintenere,fromPIEroot*ten-"tostretch").tokeepup,maintain,tokeep(someone)inacertainframeofmind,holdtogether,sticktogether,support,tohaveaguest,togratify,amuse.

例句：Theywere____________（entertain）bytopsingers,dancersandcelebrities.他們饒有興趣地看了頂級(jí)歌手、舞蹈演員和名流們的演出。entertainedentertain的派生詞：entertaining

/?ent??te?n??/a.使人愉快的，娛樂(lè)性的entertainmentn.娛樂(lè)；招待entertainern.表演者5.maintain/me?n?te?n/v.保持,維持from

manu,ablativeof

manus

“hand”(fromPIEroot

*man-

(2)“hand”)+

tenere

“tohold”(fromPIEroot

*ten-

“tostretch”).holdinhand，tosupport,uphold,aid，holdinanexistingstateorcondition,keepinexistenceorcontinuance,tocarryon,keepup.maintain的派生詞：maintainable/me?n?te?n?bl/a.可維持的；可主張的；可維修的maintenance/?me?nt?n?ns/n.維護(hù)，維修；保持；生活費(fèi)用maintainer/me?n?te?n?(r)/n.維修工；保持器

6.pertain/p??te?n/v.適合，關(guān)于，適用

Ifonething

pertains

to

another,itrelates,belongs,orappliestoit.與…相關(guān);屬于;適于fromper"through"(fromPIEroot*per-(1)"forward,"hence"through")+tenere"tohold"(fromPIEroot*ten-"tostretch")."tobelongtoasapossessionoranadjunct;belongtoasone'scareorconcern,"also"havereferenceto.“例句：Thecriteriawillbedifferentfromthosethatpertainelsewhere.這里的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)將不同于其他地方適用的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。pertain的派生詞：appertain/??p??te?n/v.屬于；和……有關(guān)；適合，適用belongaspartstothewhole,orasmemberstoafamilyorclass;pertinent/?p??t?n?nt/a.切題的，相關(guān)的pertinency/?p??rtn?nsi/n.相關(guān)性，有關(guān)性；適切，妥當(dāng)

7.obtain/?b?te?n/v.（尤指通過(guò)艱難的過(guò)程）得到，獲得

fromob"infrontof"(thoughperhapsintensiveinthiscase;seeob-)+tenere"tohold"(fromPIEroot*ten-"tostretch")例句：Underageyouthscanobtainalcoholfromtheirolderfriends.未到法定年齡的孩子可以從他們年長(zhǎng)的朋友那里得到酒。obtain的派生詞：obtainable/?b?te?n?b(?)l/

a.reobtainv.重新獲得：再次獲得或恢復(fù)失去的東西。*（re-again再一次,obtain）

8.retain/r??te?n/v.

保持，保留

continuekeepingof,keeppossessionof,keepattachedtoone'sperson.例句：Theinterioroftheshopstill______（retain）anineteenth-centuryatmosphere.retainsretain的派生詞：retainer/r??te?n?(r)/n.保持器；家臣dependentorfollowerofaperson；保持者；[機(jī)]護(hù)圈；預(yù)付費(fèi)用retinue/?ret?nju?/n.隨行人員；扈從abodyofretainers,anumberorcompanyofpersonsretainedintheserviceofsomeone;retentive/r??tent?v/a.保持的；記性好的Lukehadanamazinglyretentivememory.盧克記憶力驚人。

9.sustain/s??ste?n/v.保持；維持……的生命

例句：Thecashdividendstheygetfromthecashcropwouldsustainthemduringtheleanseason.他們從經(jīng)濟(jì)作物中得到的那些現(xiàn)金紅利能支撐他們度過(guò)歉收季節(jié)。Whic