PAGE24-上海市控江中學2024-2025學年高一英語下學期開學考試試題（含解析）II.GrammarSectionADirections:BeneatheachoffollowingsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentences.1._______thecomingtalentcompetition,hehasspentallhisfreetimemakingpreparation.A.Win B.Winning C.Havingwon D.Towin【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了贏得即將到來的才藝競賽，他把全部的空閑時間都花在了打算上。分析句子結構可知win在句中應用非謂語動詞形式，且本句中作目的狀語應用不定式Towin。故選D。2.Inthemiddleofthelake_______ahugeisland,_______livesaphantom.A.lies,where B.locates,where C.stands,inwhich D.issituated,that【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查倒裝句和定語從句。句意：湖中心有一個巨大的島嶼，里面住著一個幽靈。A.lies位于；B.locates使·····安置于；位于；C.stands位于（某處）；D.issituated；situate使位于。表示方位的介詞短語Inthemiddleofthelake位于句首，句子須要半倒裝。分析句子成分可知，分句“_______livesaphantom.”修飾前邊的名詞island，且有逗號，因此是非限制性定語從句，that不能引導非限制性定語從句，解除D；又因先行詞island在從句中作主語，where引導定語從句在從句中作狀語，也可用介詞in+which。故解除A，B。C項符合句意和語法。故選C?！军c睛】擔當定語功能的句子稱為定語從句。被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞等稱為先行詞，先行詞一般出現在定語從句之前。有時先行詞是整個句子。關系詞可以指代先行詞，因此在從句中不能再重復先行詞或指先行詞的代詞。關系副詞where在從句中指代地點，可以是表示地點的名詞，也可以是表示模糊地點或抽象地點的名詞，在從句中作地點狀語。3._______ofcurrentnews,whetheritisdomesticsoroverseas,ishisdailyroutine.A.Beinginformed B.Informed C.Informing D.Havingbeeninformed【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：了解時事新聞，無論是國內還是海外，都是他的日常工作。分析句子結構可知inform在句中應用非謂語動詞形式，且主句缺少主語，故應用動名詞短語作主語，且此處表示被動應用beingdone形式。故選A。4.Manypeoplefeelnervous_______theyattendaconcert,soIrecommend_______thehallearlytohaveenoughtime_______yourselfcomfortable.A.atthefirsttime,arriving,tomake B.thefirsttime,toarrive,makingC.forthefirsttime,reaching,making D.thefirsttime,gettingto,tomake【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查狀語從句和非謂語動詞。句意：很多人第一次參與音樂會時感到驚慌，所以我舉薦你早點到大廳有足夠時間讓你自己舒適一些。第一個空后面是從句要用連詞，thefirsttime引導狀語從句。其次個空recommend后面用動名詞，第三個空考查有時間做某事havetimetodo。故選D。5._______hip-hopispopularwithyoungsters,I’mstillnotaccustomed_______it.A.As,toappreciating B.Although,toappreciateC.Eventhough,toappreciating D.While,toappreciate【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查狀語從句和非謂語動詞。句意：即使嘻哈很受年輕人的歡迎，我仍舊不習慣不能觀賞它。第一個空是狀語從句。依據I’mstillnotaccustomed得知我不習慣嘻哈，即使它很流行。其次個空beaccustomedtodoing是固定短語，表示習慣于…，故選C。6.MotherTeresa_______greatcontributiontotheworldpeace,_______shewasawardedtheNobelPricein1979.A.mighthavemade,because B.musthavemade,forC.couldhavemake,since D.shouldhavemake,as【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞及緣由狀語從句。句意：特蕾莎修女對世界和平確定做出了巨大的貢獻，因為她在1979年獲得了諾貝爾獎。分析句子，情態(tài)動詞+havedone表示對過去的揣測。依據后句的“她獲得了1979年諾貝獎”可以推想，特蕾莎修女對世界和平確定做了很多貢獻。musthavedone表示過去確定做了某事。A.mighthavemade可能已經做了；C.couldhavemake原來能夠做；D.shouldhavemake本應當做卻……。分析句意，ACD皆不符合。另外依據“shewasawardedtheNobelPricein1979.”可知，其次空應填表示“因為”的引導詞來引導緣由狀語從句。綜合分析，故選B項。III.Vocabulary:Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.SamuelLanghorneClemens(November30,1835-April21,1910),betterknownbyhispennameMarkTwain,wasanAmericanauthorandhumorist.TwaingrewupinHannibal,Missouri,whichprovidedthe___7___forHuckleberryFinnandTomSawyer.Afteranapprenticeshipwithaprinter,heworkedasatypesetterand___8___articlestothenewspaperofhisolderbrother,OrionClemens.HelaterbecameariverboatpilotontheMississippiRiverbeforeheadingwesttojoinOrioninNevada.Hereferredhumorouslytohissingularlackofsuccessatmining,turningtojournalismfortheVirginiaCityTerritorialEnterprise.In1865,his___9___storyTheCelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasspentsometimeasaminer.Theshortstorybroughtinternationalattention,andwaseventranslatedinto___10___Greek.Hiswitandsatire,inproseandinspeech,earned___11___fromcriticsandpeers,andhewasafriendtopresidents,artists,industrialists,andEuropeanroyalty.ThoughTwainearnedagreatdealofmoneyfromhiswritingsandlectures,he___12___inventuresthatlostagreatdealofmoney,notablythePaigeCompositor,amechanicaltypesetter,whichfailedbecauseofits___13___andimprecision.Followingthesefinancialsetbacks,hefiledforprotectionfromhiscreditorsviabankruptcy,andwiththehelpofHenryHuttlestonRogers___14___overcamehisfinancialtroubles.Twainchosetopayallhispre-bankruptcycreditorsinfull,thoughhehadnolegalresponsibilitytodoso.Twainwasborn___15___afteravisitbyHalley’sComet,andhepredictedthathewouldgooutwithit,too.Hediedthedayafterthecometreturned.He____16____himselfasthe“greatestAmericanhumoristofhisage”,andWilliamFaulknercalledTwain“thefatherofAmericanliterature”.【答案】7.F8.B9.H10.G11.J12.A13.K14.I15.C16.E【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了馬克吐溫的生平歷史?！?題詳解】考查名詞。句意：吐溫在密蘇里州的漢尼拔長大，那里是《哈克貝利·費恩歷險記》和《湯姆·索亞歷險記》的發(fā)生地。分析句子，劃線前的定冠詞修飾名詞充當動詞provide的賓語。分析句意，馬克吐溫成長的地方是后面兩部小說的發(fā)生地。故選F項?！?題詳解】考查動詞。句意：在印刷學徒期結束后，他當了一名排字工，并為他的哥哥OrionClemens的報紙撰稿。分析句意，此處需填動詞和and前面的動詞work構成并列關系。依據劃線后提到了“報紙文章”可知，此處應填“投稿”。故選B項。【9題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：1865年，他的當礦工期間寫了幽默故事《卡拉韋拉斯的聞名跳蛙》。分析句子，此處需填入形容詞來修飾劃線后的名詞。在依據前句提到馬克吐溫是幽默小說家，故此處寫的應是“幽默小說”。故選H項?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：這部短篇小說引起了國際上的關注，甚至被翻譯成古典希臘語。分析句子，劃線處需填入形容詞來修飾后面的“希臘語”。備選項中剩余D和G為形容詞。依據語義，此處表示“古典希臘語”。故選G項。【11題詳解】考查名詞。句意：他在散文和演講中的機靈和諷刺贏得了評論家和同行的贊揚，他是總統(tǒng)、藝術家、實業(yè)家和歐洲皇室的摯友。分析句子，劃線部分應填入名詞充當動詞earn的賓語。依據前文提到他的短篇小說引起了國際上的關注，同時劃線后還提到了他成為很多重要人物的摯友。故此處應當表示得到了很多人的贊揚。故選J項。【12題詳解】考查動詞。句意：雖然吐溫從寫作和演講中賺了很多錢，但他投資的風險卻損失了很多錢。分析句子，此處需填入動詞來充當he的謂語。依據劃線后面提到的“損失很多錢”可知，這是因為“投資”導致的。故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞。句意：但他投資的企業(yè)卻損失慘重，尤其是佩奇排字機，一種機械排字機，由于其困難性和不精確性而失敗。分析句子，此處需填入名詞和and后面的“不精確”構成并列一同被its修飾。分析句意，投資佩奇排字機失敗的緣由是因為它的困難性和不精確性。故選K項?！?4題詳解】考查副詞。句意：在這些財務挫折之后，他通過破產申請愛護債權人，在亨利·哈特爾斯頓·羅杰斯的幫助下，他最終克服了財務困難。分析句子，劃線前提到他破產了，劃線后一句提到他全額償付破產前的全部債權人。說明在摯友的幫助之下，他最終克服了財務困難。故選I項?！?5題詳解】考查副詞。句意：吐溫誕生在哈雷彗星造訪之后不久，他預言自己也會和哈雷彗星一起消逝。分析句子，劃線后提到的預言在下一次哈雷彗星再次到來的其次天就應驗了。由此可知，他是在哈雷彗星造訪之后不久誕生的。故選C項?！?6題詳解】考查動詞。句意：他自封為“當時最宏大的美國幽默家”。分析句子，此處須要用動詞來充當謂語。依據句意，馬克吐溫認為自己是那個時代最宏大的美國幽默家。establishoneselfas譯為確立自己作為……。是固定搭配，故選E項。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.ThefamousAmericaninventorThomasAlvaEdisononceclaimedthatgeniuswasonepercentinspirationandninety-ninepercentperspiration(汗水).Now,itseems,thereisscientificevidenceto___17___hisclaim.TheideathatgeniusessuchasShakespeare,Mozart,andPicassopossessedcertaininborntalentsisafalsebelief,accordingtoastudybyaBritishpsychologistandhiscolleagues.Afterexaminingoutstandingperformanceintheartsandsports,theseresearchersconcludedthat___18___isdeterminedbyopportunity,encouragement,training,motivation,self-confidence,and—mostimportantofall—___19___Evenpeoplewhowerenotthoughttobe___20___withanyspecialtalentcould,afterhavingreceivedtraining,reachlevels___21___consideredattainable(可獲得的)onlybygiftedindividuals.Talentisafalsebelief,anditistimethatpeoplegotridofit,theysaid.Thistheory—adramatic___22___withtraditionalbeliefs—hasbeen___23___byacademicsworldwide.Infact,studiesofaccomplishedartistsandmathematicians,andtoptennisplayersandswimmers,havereportedfewearlysignsof___24___inthesepeoplebeforeanyparentalencouragement.Nocasehasbeenfoundofanyonereachingthehighestlevelsofachievementwithout___25___himselforherselftothousandsofhoursofserioustraining.Eventhosewhoarebelievedtobeexceptionallytalented—whetherinmusic,mathematics,chess,orsports—haveneededlengthyperiodsofinstructionandpracticetoachievetheirhighestlevelofsuccess.Thepersistentfalsebeliefthatsomepeoplereachhighlevelsofperformancewithoutspendingnumeroushourspracticing_____26_____muchtothefactthattheirpracticeisusuallyoutsidethecasualobserver’sview,statedonescientist.Theimportanceofpracticehasbeennoticedinathletics.Forinstance,differencesinthecompositionofcertainmuscleswereoncethoughttobe_____27_____predictorsofathleticperformance.However,thedifferencesintheproportionofcertainmusclefibers(組織)thatare_____28_____forsuccessinlong-distancerunningarelargelytheresultofextendedpracticeinrunning.“Whatmakesageniusthen?”onemayask._____29_____,thereisnoclearanswer.Whatisknown,however,isthatnurtureisatleastasimportantasnature?_____30_____,asupportiveenvironmentwilldofarmoreforachild’sprospectsofsuccessthananyinborngifts.Thisisamessagethatmostofuswillfind_____31_____—evenifwehaven’twonthegenelottery,ourfateisstillinourownhands.17.A.make B.challenge C.support D.dismiss18A.excellence B.harmony C.negotiation D.response19.A.education B.practice C.fortune D.character20.A.satisfied B.concerned C.decorated D.gifted21.A.preciously B.practically C.previously D.primarily22.A.break B.association C.partnership D.relief23.A.doubted B.concluded C.mentioned D.applauded24.A.accomplishment B.treasure C.diligence D.inspiration25.A.adapting B.attaching C.linking D.devoting26.A.carries B.leaves C.owes D.connects27.A.creative B.reliable C.natural D.active28.A.essential B.suitable C.possible D.feasible29.A.Unlikely B.Similarly C.Hopefully D.Unfortunately30.A.Tosumup B.Inotherwords C.Forexample D.Inaddition31.A.misleading B.puzzling C.comforting D.amusing【答案】17.C18.A19.B20.D21.C22.A23.D24.A25.D26.C27.B28.A29.D30.B31.C【解析】這是一篇爭論文。文章講解并描述了探討的新發(fā)覺：天賦不是勝利的唯一因素，通過不斷的強化練習也可以勝利?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：現在，好像有科學證據支持他的說法。A.make使得，制造；B.challenge挑戰(zhàn)C.support支持；D.dismiss解散，解雇。分析上下文，下文提到“莎士比亞、莫扎特和畢加索等天才具有天生才能的觀點是錯誤”。同時后文提到了通過“練習”可以實現某些成就。因此此處表示科學證據來“支持”他的說法。故選C項?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在考察了在藝術和體育方面的杰出表現后，這些探討人員得出結論，優(yōu)秀是由機會、激勵、訓練和動機確定的。A.excellence優(yōu)秀；B.harmony和諧；C.negotiation談判；D.response響應。分析上下文，劃線前提到是對藝術和體育方面的“杰出”表現進行考查。故此處得出的結論也應是“優(yōu)秀”由很多因素確定。故選A項?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：卓越取決于機會、激勵、訓練、動力、自信，以及——最重要的——實踐。A.education教化；B.practice實踐；C.fortune運氣，財寶；D.character性質，品質。分析上下文，前文提及“卓越取決于機會、激勵、訓練、動力、自信”可知，此處的“實踐”也是解除“天賦”成為優(yōu)秀的條件之一。同時此處也和倒數其次段倒數第一行的practice構成呼應。故選B項。【20題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：即使是那些被認為沒有任何特別天賦的人，在經過訓練之后，也能達到以前認為只有天才才能達到的水平。A.satisfied感到滿足的；B.concerned有關的；C.decorated裝飾的；D.gifted有天賦的。begiftedwith“有……的天賦”，是固定短語。故選D項?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在經過訓練之后，也能達到以前認為只有天才才能達到水平。A.preciously寶貴地；B.practically實際地C.previously以前，從前；D.primarily首先，主要地。分析上下文，此處強調的是經過訓練后，被認為沒有任何天賦的人也能獲得一些之前認為的只有那些天才才能獲得的成就。故選C項。【22題詳解】考查名詞。句意：這一理論——對傳統(tǒng)信仰的戲劇性突破——得到了全世界學術界的贊譽。A.break突破；B.association協(xié)會，聯(lián)盟；C.partnership合伙；D.relief減輕，接觸。分析上下文可知，探討者的這一觀點是對傳統(tǒng)的看法的突破。故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這一理論——對傳統(tǒng)信仰的戲劇性突破——得到了全世界學術界的贊譽。A.doubted懷疑；B.concluded結論；C.mentioned提及；D.applauded贊同。分析上下文，依據后文的對藝術家，數學家，運動員的舉例可知，就是為了說明這一理論得到了很多人包括全世界學術界的認可。故選D項?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：事實上，對有成就的藝術家、數球運動員和游泳運動員的探討表明，在父母的激勵之前，這些人幾乎沒有取得成就的早期跡象。A.accomplishment成就；B.treasure財寶；C.diligence勤奮；D.inspiration靈感，啟發(fā)。分析上下文，劃線前提到“有成就的藝術家、數球運動員和游泳運動員”，所以此處是把后來的成就和早期進行對比。認為在父母激勵之前，他們沒有取得成就的早期現象。故選A項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有發(fā)覺任何人在不投入數千小時的細致訓練的狀況下就能達到最高成就的案例。A.adapting改編，適應；B.attaching附上，依戀；C.linking聯(lián)系，相關聯(lián)；D.devoting致力于。Devote…to“投身于，致力于”，是固定短語。分析上下文，此處強調的是必需將自己投身于訓練中才有可能勝利。后句通過舉例在音樂、數學、國際象棋或體育方面極具天賦的人的例子來佐證這個觀點。故選D項?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一名科學家說，人們始終錯誤地認為，有些人不須要花費大量的時間練習就能達到高水平的表現，這很大程度上是因為他們的練習通常不在一般視察者的視野之內。A.carries攜帶；B.leaves離開；C.owes把……歸功于；D.connects連接，聯(lián)合。owe…to“將……歸咎于”，是固定短語。分析句意，此處表達的是，可以將很多人的誤會歸咎于天才們的練習一般視察者的視野之內。故選C項。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，某些肌肉組成的差異曾被認為是運動表現的牢靠預料因素。A.creative有創(chuàng)意的；B.reliable牢靠的；C.natural自然的；D.active活躍的。分析上下文，句中的“某些肌肉組成的差異”指的就是所謂的“天賦”。前文提到“天賦”是勝利的關鍵因素。故此處認為某些肌肉組成的差異是運動表現的牢靠因素。故選B項?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，某些對長跑勝利至關重要的肌肉纖維所占比例的差異，很大程度上是長期跑步練習的結果。A.essential重要的；B.suitable適合的；C.possible可能的；D.feasible可行的，可能的。分析上下文，該段第一句話提到“在田徑運動中，練習的重要性已經得到了重視”。此處呼應上文，此處表示長期跑步練習是勝利的關鍵。故選A項?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“那么是什么造就了天才呢？”有人可能會問。不幸的是，沒有明確的答案。A.Unlikely未必；B.Similarly類似地；C.Hopefully有希望地D.Unfortunately不幸地。分析上下文，前面提出一個問題，后面卻表示沒有明確的答案，由此可知，此處應表示“不幸地”。故選D項?！?0題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：換句話說，對一個孩子的勝利前景來說，一個支持性的環(huán)境比任何天生的天賦都更有幫助。A.Tosumup總之；B.Inotherwords換言之；C.Forexample例如；D.Inaddition另外，此外。分析上下文，前句提到“然而，我們所知道的是，教養(yǎng)至少和天性同等重要”，而空后的內容和前句表達同一個意思，是對前句進行解讀。故選B項。【31題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個讓我們大多數人感到欣慰的消息——即使我們沒有贏得基因彩票，我們的命運仍舊駕馭在我們自己的手中。A.misleading誤導的；B.puzzling令人費解的；C.comforting令人欣慰的；D.amusing好玩的。分析上下文，依據破折號后的內容，盡管我們確定不了基因但是我們的命運還是在我們手中，所以這是令人欣慰的消息。故選C項。PartTwoV.GrammarSectionBDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankswiththeproperformsofthegivenworldstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Havingnothingtowriteaboutis,perhaps,thegreatestfearofastudentabouttobeginanessayforanIELTSorTOEFLtest.However,criticalthinkingisn’tsuchadifficultskilltomaster.Infact,manyofyouwillhavealreadyusedthisvaluableskillinyourlife.Supposeoneofyourfriendsrecommendsamoviebysaying,“It’sareallywonderfulmovieanddefinitelyworth___32___(watch).”,Insteadofsimplytakingtherecommendation,youmayaskthequestion“Whyisitwonderful?”Bydoingthisyouarethinkingcritically.Amoreprofessionaltermtodefinethisprocess___33___(call)identifyingambiguity,whichisregardedasthekeystageinthinkingcritically.Let’slookatfollowingexamplesfromIELTSWritingTask.DetaileddescriptionofcrimesonnewspaperandTVhaveconsequenceforsociety,sothiskindofinformationshouldberestrictedinthemedia.Towhatextenddoyouagreeordisagreewiththisstatement.Tothinkcritically,thefistthing___34___(consider)isn’twhetheryouagreeornot.Youshouldinsteadtrytoclarifythewords“detaileddescriptionofcrimes”byaskingyourself___35___thesedetailsmightbe.Thenyoushouldcomeupwithalistlikethis:1.Investigatingthetargetvictimbeforethecrime2.Measurestoavoid___36___(track)bythepolice3.Bloodycrimescenes..Afterthat,itwon’tbehardforustogroupsthesedetails,leadingeventuallytotwoparagraphs:somedisclosureofinformationmayallowpeopletoprotectthemselvesfromcrime.However,itisnotappropriateformanyotherdetails___37___(release)tothegeneralpublic.Practiceidentifyingambiguitywhenyouwritetheessay.Yourworkwilldefinitelyleaveagoodimpressiononyourteachers.【答案】32.watching33.calls34.toconsider35.what36.beingtracked37.tobereleased【解析】本文是說明文。介紹了在雅思和托?？荚囍邢胍獙懽髅摲f而出的批判性思維寫作技能?！?2題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：這是一部很棒的電影，確定值得觀看。固定短語“值得一看”beworthdoing，故填watching。【33題詳解】考查主謂一樣和時態(tài)。句意：一個更專業(yè)定義這個過程的叫歧義識別，這是思維批判的關鍵環(huán)節(jié)。主語是Amoreprofessionalterm。句子為一般現在時，謂語動詞用單數。故填calls?！?4題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：批判性思維，第一步不是你是否同意。thefirstthing序數詞后用不定式作定語。故填toconsider。【35題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：通過問自己細微環(huán)節(jié)可能有哪些，你應當試著澄清“犯罪的具體描述”這些詞。動詞ask后面是賓語從句，be缺少表語，用what引導賓語從句。故填what。【36題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：避開被警察追蹤的措施。avoiddoing表示避開。被警察追蹤，表示被動，要用beingdone。故填beingtracked?！?7題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：然而太多細微環(huán)節(jié)公開給大眾是不合適的。Itis形容詞forsomebodytodo。細微環(huán)節(jié)和公開是被動關系。用tobedone。故填tobereleased。VI.ReadingComprehensionSectionA(A)Mikefrownedathiscalendarandthenpickeduphisguitar.Hisbandhadbeentogetherforfivemonths.Everyonesaidtheywerefantasticbuttheystillhadnotbeenblessedwithapayingjob.Thethreeguyshadbecomeacquaintedinbandclass,andorganizingagrouphadbeenMike’sidea.Mikeplayedtheguitarandactedasleader.JohnwasondrumsandJameswasonthesaxophone.ThethreegottogetherjustforfunandnamedtheirgroupPlayday.Butwhensomefanspraisedtheirtalent,theydecidedtoturnfunintoprofit.Tomakethemselvesknown,Playdayvolunteeredtoentertainatparties.Theyplayedforfreeatschoolget-togethers.Mikelovedtheapplause!Hefeltlikeasuperstar.Theypracticedhardanddiscussedyoungmusicianswhohadvaultedintoprominence.“TheJacksonFivewerekids,”Johnsaid.“Michaelshottofamelikearocket!”Heexclaimed.“Wecandoit!”Mikeencouragedthegroup.AftermonthsofkeepingSpiritshigh,Mikewastired.Theyhaven’tseenevenacent.Letalonemakingakilling.Everyonewasinlowspirits.Theydecidedtobreakupafteronefinalvolunteerjob.Thenextday,theyweretoperformforpatientsattheChildren’sHospitalwhereMike’smotherworkedasanurse.Thenextdaythethreeyoungguyssetupinthehospitallobby,andthenursesbroughtintheaudience.AsPlaydaybeganitsnumber,Mikecouldfeeltheirlackofspirit.ThenMikespottedonepatientsittinglimplyinherwheelchair.Herexpressionwasvacant,butwhenmusicfilledtheroom,thisragdollcametolife.Shesatupstraight,andthelightthatshoneinhereyeslightedupsomethinginMike.Hefeltthethrillhe’dbeenmissing.AsMike’splayingcaughtfire,JamesandJohngainedenergy.Soon,Playdaywasrockingasneverbefore.Aftertheperformance,thethreeguysspenttimewiththepatients.Mikespoketothegirlwhohadencouragedhimtoplaysowell.“Wouldn’titfeelgreattoberichandfamous?”sheasked,eyesstillbright.“Willyoubearockstar?”“Probablynot,”Mikeanswered.“ButI’llnevergiveupmymusic.Ifeltlikethebigtimeplayingforyou!”38.Theunderlinedphrase“hadvaultedintoprominence”mostlikelymeans.A.hadgrownintoadults B.hadmadeapromiseC.hadplayedTheJacksonFive D.hadbecomesuccessful39.ThemembersofPlayboyweretiredanddepressedbecausethey_______.A.hadnoofferofapayingperformance B.competedcruellywithotherbandsC.calledanendtotheband D.performedattheChildren'sHospital40.WhileperformingattheChildren'sHospital,Mikebecameinspiredbecause_______.A.hisguitarcaughtfire B.agirltookhimasarockstarC.apatientwasmuchcheeredup D.atoydollsuddenlybecamealive41.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Mike,JohnandJamesgottoknoweachotherastheywererelatives.B.Theyplannedtomakemoneywhentheyhadabigfanbase.CTheirwonderfulperformanceatChildren’sHospitalcuredthegirlofherdisease.D.Mikefoundouttheenjoymentofvolunteerperformanceafterplayingatthehospital.【答案】38.D39.A40.C41.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要記敘了Mike，John和James組成的樂隊Playday，始終沒有得到有薪水的工作，最終他們在一次醫(yī)院的志愿表演活動中找到了志愿者表演樂趣的故事?！?8題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據第四段中“TheJacksonFivewerekids,”Johnsaid.“Michaelshottofamelikearocket!”可知，“TheJacksonFive還是孩子，”John說。“Michael像火箭一樣一夜成名！”由此可知，他們刻苦練習，探討那些已經獲得了勝利的年輕音樂家們，如TheJacksonFive。劃線短語意思為“已經勝利”。故選D?！?9題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據第五段中Theyhaven’tseenevenacent.Letalonemakingakilling.Everyonewasinlowspirits.可知，他們一分錢都沒見過，更不用說大賺一筆了。每個人都心情低落。由此可知，Playday的成員們又累又懊喪是因為他們演出沒有獲得酬勞。故選A。【40題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據倒數其次段中Shesatupstraight,andthelightthatshoneinhereyeslightedupsomethinginMike.Hefeltthethrillhe’dbeenmissing.AsMike’splayingcaughtfire,JamesandJohngainedenergy.可知，她坐直了身子，她眼中的光線照亮了邁克身上的某種東西。他感到了他始終在惦念的那種興奮。Mike的演奏燃起了火焰，James和John獲得了能量。由此可知，在兒童醫(yī)院的表演讓一位病人很興奮，這讓Mike受到了鼓舞。故選C?！?1題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據倒數其次段中AsMike’splayingcaughtfire,JamesandJohngainedenergy.Soon,Playdaywasrockingasneverbefore.可知，Mike的演奏燃起了火焰，James和John獲得了能量。很快，Playday就變得前所未有的喧鬧起來。由此可知，D選項“Mike在醫(yī)院演奏后發(fā)覺了志愿者表演的樂趣”正確。故選D。(B)StephenGlennisafamousAmericanresearchscientistwhohasmadeseveralveryimportantmedicalbreakthroughs.Manypeopleweredyingtoknowthesecretstohisfantasticachievements.Torevealthemystery,anewspaperreporterinterviewedhimaskingwhyhewasabletobesomuchmorecreativethantheaverageperson.Whatsethimsofarapartfromothers?Havingassumedtohearwordinglikeinnatecuriosityforscienceorhardwork,thereporterwassurprisedtohavehimrespondthat,inhisopinion,itallcamefromanexperiencewithhismotherthatoccurredwhenhewasaboutfouryearsold.Hehadbeentryingtoremoveabottleofmilkformtherefrigeratorwhenhelosthisgripontheslipperybottleanditfell,spillingitscontentsalloverthekitchenfloor,arealseaofmilk!Whenhismothercameintothekitchen,insteadofshoutingathim,givinghimalectureorchastisinghim,shesaid.“Stephen,whatagreatandwonderfulmessyouhavemade!Ihaverarelyseensuchahugepondofmilk.Well,thedamagehasalreadybeendoneWouldyouliketogetdownandplayinthemilkforafewminutesbeforewecleanitup?”Indeed,hedid.Afterafewminutes,hismothersaid,“Youknow,Stephen.wheneveryoumakeamesslikethis,eventuallyyouhavetocleanitupandrestoreeverythingtoitsproperorder.So,howwouldyouliketodothat?Wecoulduseasponge,atoweloramop.Whichdoyouprefer?”Hechosethespongeandtogethertheycleanedupthespilledmilk.Hismotherthensaid,“Youknow,whatwehavehereisafailedexperimentinhowtoeffectivelycarryabigmilkbottlewithtwotinyhands.Let'sgooutinthebackyardandtillthebottlewithwaterandseeifyoucandiscoverawaytocarryitwithoutdroppingit.”Thelittleboylearnedthatifbegraspedthebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands,hecouldcarryitwithoutdroppingit.Whatawonderfullesson!Thisrenownedscientistthenremarkedthatitwasatthatmomentthatheknewhedidn'tneedtobeafraidtomakemistakes.Instead,helearnedthatmistakeswerejustopportunitiesforlearningsomethingnew,whichis,afterall,whatscientificexperimentsareallabout.Eveniftheexperimentdoesn'twork,weusuallylearnsomethingvaluablefromit.Wouldn‘titbegreatifallparentswouldrespondthewayStephen'smotherrespondedtohim?42.Accordingtothepassage,anewspaperinterviewedStephenGlenninorderto_______.A.persuadehimtotreatsomedyingpatients B.findouthisdifferenceswithordinarypeopleC.hearabouthisopinionsaboutmedicalscience D.knowaboutwhyhewassosuccessful43.Accordingtothepassage,theunderlinedword“chastising”means_______.Apursuing B.punishing C.praising D.educating44.WhatordinarymotherscanlearnfromStephen'smotheristhat_______.A.neverputmilkbottlewherelittlekidscangetholdofB.appreciationofkids’behavioursisimportanttotheirgrowthC.mothersshouldteachkidstolearnfromtheirownmistakesD.kidsshouldlearntobecomescientistsfromchildhood.【答案】42.D43.B44.C【解析】這是一篇記敘文。StephenGlenn是美國聞名的探討科學家，一次一個記者去采訪他如此勝利的緣由，他講解并描述了一個自己小時候打翻牛奶，母親沒有責怪他，而是教會了他從錯誤中學習的故事。啟示其他的父母也應當學習Stephen的母親，如此來教化自己的孩子?！?2題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據第一段中Torevealthemystery,anewspaperreporterinterviewedhimaskingwhyhewasabletobesomuchmorecreativethantheaverageperson.Whatsethimsofarapartfromothers?可知為了揭開謎底，一位報紙記者采訪了他，問他為什么比一般人有那么多的創(chuàng)建力。是什么使他與別人如此不同？由此可知，一家報紙采訪StephenGlenn是為了去了解他如此勝利的緣由。故選D?！?3題詳解】詞義揣測題。結合上文Whenhismothercameintothekitchen,insteadofshoutingathim,givinghimalectureor可知當他的母親來到廚房，不是對他大喊大叫、教訓他或懲處他。由此可知，Stephen打翻了牛奶，他的母親來到廚房卻并沒有對他大喊大叫、教訓他或懲處他，故劃線單詞“chastising”的意思為“懲處”。A.pursuing追求；B.punishing懲處；C.praising贊美；D.educating教化。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據倒數其次段中Thisrenownedscientistthenremarkedthatitwasatthatmomentthatheknewhedidn'tneedtobeafraidtomakemistakes.Instead,helearnedthatmistakeswerejustopportunitiesforlearningsomethingnew,whichis,afterall,whatscientificexperimentsareallabout.可知這位聞名的科學家說，從那一刻起，他知道他不必膽怯 犯錯誤。相反，他相識到錯誤只是學習新東西的機會，而這正是科學試驗的意義所在。以及最終一段Wouldn‘titbegreatifallparentswouldrespondthewayStephen'smotherrespondedtohim?可知假如全部的父母都能像Stephen的母親對待Stephen一樣對待自己的孩子，那豈不是很棒？由此可推知，一般母親能從史蒂夫的母親身上學到的是，母親應當教孩子從自己的錯誤中學習。故選C。（C）IsthereanyevidencethatthestandardofEnglishasaforeignlanguagehasimprovedintheyearssincetheSecondWorldWar?Naturally,asitistheworldlanguage,moreandmerepeoplearetaughtitanduseit.Butdotheyspeakitorwriteitorunderstanditbetterthantheirpatents’orgrandparents’generations?Havestandardsdeclined?Thereisnoobjectivewayofansweringthisquestion.Testsofthetraditionalsort—compositions,preciswriting,andsoon—havealwaysbeensubjective,sotheycannotbeusedtojudgewhetherpeoplehavegotbetterornotovertheyears.Butso-calledobjectivetestsareuselessasameasureofprogresstoo.Theyhavenotbeenusedconsistently(一貫的)inthesame“concentration”overtheperiodtheyhavebeeninuse,sothereisnowayofcomparingexams“now”and“then”.Moreover,usuallyintheformofmultiplechoicequestions,theydonot,byandlarge,testthethingsthatreallycountinmasteringalanguage.Evencomprehensionisapartly“creative”activityinreallife,aswehavetothinkofpossiblemeaningsforourselvesratherthanhavethemsuggestedforusfromoutside.Andpeoplecanbetrainedinthetechniquesofmultiplechoice,whileothersfailthetestsbecausetheyhavebeenledastray(離開正道)preciselybytheir“suggestive”nature,sotheyarenotreallyobjectiveatall.Weareleftwithonlypersonalimpressiontogoon.Myownisthat,ifanything,standardshavedeclinedsomewhatinthelastthirtyorfortyyears,despiteallthenewtheories,toolsandtechniquesthathavebeendeveloped.Iamnotaloneinthisjudgment.InSweden,forinstance,ProfessorsJohannesHedbergandGustavKorlen,twoofthemostexperiencedworkersinthefield;haveonseveraloccasionsdrawnattentiontothelackofprogressintheteachingofforeignlanguagessincethelatefifties.YetSwedenisasophisticated(先進的)societywithextremelyhigheducationalandacademicstandards,andveryconcernednottobecutofffromtherestoftheworld.Ifsuchacountrycannotachieveadvancesinthestudyofforeignlanguages,itisunlikelythatmany,ifany,othershavedoneso.JapanisanothercommunitywhereremarkablylittleprogresshasbeenmadeinthelearningofEnglish.ItisprobablyasimportantforJapanasforSwedentomasterthatlanguage,andthereismuchacademiceffortputintolinguistic(語言學的)researchofvariouskinds.Yettheaveragestandardoflanguagelearningisabysmallylow,particularlyforsuchahighlyliterateandeducatedsociety.Thisisnodoubtinparttheresultofaviciouscircle(惡性循環(huán)):manyoftheprofessorsofEnglishatJapaneseuniversitiesarethemselvesincapableofspeakingorwritingorevenunderstandingthelanguagewell.45.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtotheauthor?AMultiplechoicequestionsareobjectivebecausepeoplecannotbetrainedanytechniques.B.SwedenemphasizestheteachingofEnglishwithoutpayingattentiontoothercountries.C.WehavetodependonourownimpressiontojudgetheEnglishstandards.D.Compositionsareusefultotestpeople’sEnglishabilitybecausepeoplehavetowriteouttheirviewpoints.46.Theso-calledobjectivetestscanno