中考英語二輪復(fù)習語法專題--非謂語動詞復(fù)習學案

班級姓名執(zhí)教人簽名

【課堂學習】

非謂語動詞概述：

定義：在句中不充當謂語的動詞，叫做非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞沒有時態(tài)、語態(tài)的變化

非謂語動詞分類：動詞不定式todo/省略to的不定式do、動名詞doing和分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞

doingx過去分詞done）

A.動詞不定式的句法功能

功能例句備注

做主語、Itisdangeroustoswimalone.Itisadj.(of/forsb.)todoIt

形式主語Toswimaloneisdangerous.takes(sb.)+時間段todo

做表語Theaim/purposeisto...目的是…

做賓語Heplannedtogoabroad.

特殊疑問詞+t。MrJiangdidnotknowwhatheshoulddo.decide/know/forget/remcmber

doMrJiangdidnotknow___do.why不可以和todo連用

做狀語I'mhappytohearthegoodnews.原因狀語

betooadj.todoMysisteristooyoungtogotoschool.結(jié)果狀語

beadj.enoughtoIgetupearlyeverymorningtocatchthebus.結(jié)果狀語

doIamoldenoughtotakegoodcareofmyself.目的狀語

做賓補ThepolicemanwarnedhimnottodriveafterAsk/want/allow/advise/remind

drinking./encourage/invite

同位關(guān)系A(chǔ)rmstrongreceivedtheordertocuttheflighttheway/reason/ordcr/

short.chance/courage/ability

主謂關(guān)系A(chǔ)rmstrongbecamethefirstmantowalkonthetheonly/thenext/thebest/the

Moon.first/thelast

動賓關(guān)系Canyougivemeapentowritewith?(writewithapen)

與不定代詞連用Doyouhavesomethingtosay?修飾something/nothing/anything

等不定代詞

常見接lodo作賓語的動詞~todosth.的動詞：

Offer/fail/seem/plan/manage/decide/promise/choose/afford/prepare...

常見接todo作賓補的動詞：Ask/want/allow/advise/remind/encourage/invite等

動詞不定式省略to的情況

一感feel/二聽hear,listento/三讓let,make,have/四看see,watch,notice,lookat

主動語態(tài)省略to被動語態(tài)還原to

B.動名詞的句法功能

功能例句備注

作主語Takingacoldshowereverymorningdoeshimgood.動名詞作主語時，謂

Itisawasteoftimediscussingsuchmatterswithhim.語動詞用三單

定語awashingmachine.=amachineforwashing

作賓語Doyoumindmyclosingthedoor?(作動詞的賓語)動詞的賓語，也可以作

Ilookforwardtoreceivingyourlettersoon,to是介i司介詞的賓語。

作表語Myhobbyiscollectingstamps.=Collectingstampsismyhobby.

作賓補IsawmysonplayingfootballwhenIwalkedpasthisschool.感官動詞

常接動名詞作賓語的(短語)動詞

Enjoy/finish/mind/practice/suggest/admit/avoid/consider/imagine

常接動名詞作賓語的動詞/短語?doingsth.

need/require/can'thelp/consider/spend/avoid//insist/mind/practise

常接動名詞作賓語的（短語）動詞

giveup/lookforwardto/putoff/feellike/can*thelp/be/getusedto/keep（on）/dowellin

/thinkabout/makeacontributionto/payattentionto/devotc'.to....

注意區(qū)別：todo,doing作某些動詞的賓語時意義不同

remember/forget/regrettodosth.要做remember/forget/regretdoingsth.做過

continue/stoptodosth.做另一事continue/stopdoingsth.同一件事

trytodosth.設(shè)法/盡力做trydoingsth.嘗試做

C.現(xiàn)在分詞的句法功能

功能例句備注

作定語位于被修飾詞的前面，分詞短

具有形容詞的性質(zhì)，部Thereisasleepingbabyoverthere.語一般位于被修飾詞的后面。

分表示正在進行Doyouknowthegirlstandingunderihetree?

表語可以被very,rather等副詞修

等同于形容詞Theresultofthegameisverysurprising.飾，而且也可以有比較級

作賓語補足語Iheardthedoorbellringing.代表正在進行/主動關(guān)系

作狀語Hefelloffthebike,breakinghisleftleg.（作結(jié)果狀語、主動關(guān)系）

Whenreadingthenovel,_Iheardthetelephonering.（作時間狀語、主動關(guān)系）

表示動作發(fā)生的時間、Livingfarfromtheschool,hehastogetupearly

原因、結(jié)果、條件、方everymorning.（作原因狀語）（主動關(guān)系）

式或伴隨等。Agrouuofchildrenweresittingaroundtheteacher,

playinggames.（作伴隨狀語）（主動關(guān)系）

Gettingupearlier,youwillcatchthebus.（作條件狀語）（主動關(guān)系）

Knowingallthis,]stillwantedtohaveatry.（作讓步狀語）（主動關(guān)系）

D.過去分詞的句法功能

功能例句表示含義

作定語Heisaretiredworker.（表示已完成）

Whoweretheguestsinvitedloyourparlylastnighl?（表示被動）

作表語

主語所處的狀態(tài)或感Weweregreatlysurprisedatthenews.（表示被動，充當形容詞）

受，可視為形容詞

作賓補Youshouldmakeyourselfunderstood.（表示被動）

及物動詞的過去分詞Whenshewokeup,shefoundhermothergone（表示已完成、狀態(tài)）

與賓語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系Iwillhavemywatchrepaired.（表示被動）

作狀語Frightenedbythenoiseoutside,thelittlegirldared（表示被動）

（時間，條件，原因，notsleepinherbedroom.

方式，伴隨等）Seenfromthehill,ourschoollooksmorebeautiful.（表示被動）

【課堂鞏固】

單項選擇

（2011?淮安市）1.1spendmuchmoretimeplayingbasketballthanIformylessons.

A.spendtoprepareB.dopreparingC.dotoprepareD.spendprepare

（2012?淮安市）2--??Howaboutclimbingthehill?

--1wouldratheralongtheriverthanthehill.Pmabittired.

A.walk；climbB.walking；climbingC.walking；toclimbD.walk；toclimb

（2013?淮安市）3.Attimes,parentsfinditdifficultwiththeirteenagechildren.

A.talkB.talkedC.talkingD.totalk

（2014?淮安市）4.—Whatelseshouldwepayattentiontobuildingthebridge?

—Thechangeoftheweather,Ithink..

A.finishB.finishedC.tofinishD.finishing

（2016?泰州市）5.—MrLing,Ihavesomedifficultythearticle.

---Rememberitthreeorfourtimesatleast.

A.tounderstand;readingB.understanding;reading

C.understanding;toreadD.tounderstand;toread

（2013?南京市）6.--Whyareyousoexcitedtoday?-Weweretoldapicnicthisweekend.

A.haveB.tohaveC.havingD.had

（2013?南通市）7.-Simon.Ihearyouaregoingabroadfbrfurtherstudy.Haveyoudecided

?-NextSeptember.A.whengoingB.whentogoC.howgoingD.howtogo

（2017?常州市）8.---Whydoesn'tthesurgeonstoplunch?

-Becauseheistoobusyadyingpatientintheoperationroom.

A.tohave;tosaveB.having;tosaveC.tohave;savingD.having;saving

（2017?泰州市）9.Dianausedtotowork,butnowsheisusedtobecausethe

roadiscrowdedandshewantstokeepfit.

A.drive;walkingB.drive;walkC.driving;walkD.driving;walking

（2011?蘇州市）10.―Thesaidsorrytome,butIwouldn'tlisten.

--Itisfoolishofyouothersfbrthemistakes.

A.forgiveB.notforgiveC.toforgiveD.nottoforgive

（2017?淮安市）11.Theresearchhedevotedhimselftothefarmershaveabetterharvest

isveryimportant.A.helpingB.tohelpC.helpD.helped

（2013?無錫市）12.Don'tthrowawaythewastepaper.Itneedssothatitcanbereused.

A.todestroyB.destroyingC.tocollectD.collecting

（2011?徐州市）13.Whatbadweatheritwas!Wedecided.

A.togooutB.nottogooutC.tonotgooutD.notgoingout

（2016?鹽城市）14.Wemustdoeverythingwecanwastewaterfromrunningintorivers.

A.preventB.preventedC.preventingD.toprevent

（2013?鎮(zhèn)江市）15.—Helenisathoughtfulgirl.---Yes.Ithinksheisplaneverythingwell.

A.tootalentedtoB.talentedenoughtoC.sotalentedthatD.suchatalentedgirlthat

【課后拓展】

一、動詞填空

1、Hespeaksloudlytomakehimself（hear）clearly.

2、Doyouknowtheboy（lie）underthetree?

3、Heisoftenseen（play）footballontheplayground.

4、ThesciencefictionbooksJohnlooksforwardto（sell）wellonthemarket.

5、ThegirlwhowroteTheDiaryofaYoung（name）AnneFrank.

6、ItriedmanywaysIcouldthinkof（stop）thelittleboyfromcrying.

7、Weshoulddomore（spread）Chinesespinit,ChinesevalueandChinesestrength.

8、Therearelotsofboys（fly）kitesinthepark.

9、Hehadhiswallet（steal）whenhewasshopping.

10xYourmobilephonesrequire（turn）offwhilehavingameeting.

11、Howluckyyouare（live）intheneighborhoodlikethat!

12、Thepurposeis(warn)thestudents(notsmoke).

13、Weshouldstopthepollution(live)ahappierlifenow.

14、Mytime(spend)inreadingbookseveryweekisabouttenhours.

15、-Whatheenjoys(sound)greatandinteresting.——Yes,butitisdangerous.

二、閱讀理解

Inrecentyears,large-scale(大規(guī)模的)treeplantationprogrammesareapopularwayto

dealwiththeclimatecrisis(氣(疾危機).Thesetrees,theystorelotsofcarbondioxidefromtheair.

Theygiveusoxygenwebreathe.Andthere'snodoubtthattherighttreesintherightplaceisa

goodthing.However,large-scaletreeplantingisbecomingaproblem.

YatirforestisIsrael'slargestforest.Butthefourmilliontreesareactuallyhavingawarming

effectontheplanet.Andthebrightdesertsurfacereflected(反射)moresunlightthanthepresent

darkertreecanopy(樹冠)thatreplacedit.Thisforestismakingglobalwarmingworse.

WhattheYatirforestwarnsusisthatchoosingtherightlocationisveryimportant.The

wronglocationcanalsouseupgroundwateranddryupstreams.Choosingtherightlocationisn't

theonlychallengeforlarge-scaletreeplantations.Mostofthetime,thesetreeplanting

programmeschooseonetypeoftrees.Theyarebadforbiodiversity(生物多樣性).

Anotherbigproblemisplantingthewrongtypeoftrees.InSouthAfrica,theintroductionof

newtypesoftreeshasledtocoveringlargeareasofland.Thecountrynowspendsmillionsof

poundsclearingthetreeseveryyear.

So,protectingtheforestswouldbeabetteruseofourtimeandresources.Weshouldallow

spacearoundtheforestsforthemtonaturallyexpand.Andifsthebestwaytogetmoretreeson

theplanet.Oneplacewhereplantingtreesisgoodisinthecities.Treeshelpreducenoise,improve

airquality,helppreventflooding,andevenimproveyourphysicalandmentalhealth.

Thereisnoonesolutiontotheclimatecrisis.Wehavetouseallthetoolsathandtoreduce

greenhousegasesandslowdownglobalwarming.

1.Theunderlinedword“replaced''inParagraph2probablymeans.

A.解釋B.解決C.取消D.取代

2.Whichisthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?

(①=Paral②:Para2…)

A.①〃②③④⑤〃⑥B.①//②③④//⑤⑥

C.①②〃③④〃⑤⑥D(zhuǎn).①②〃③④⑤〃⑥

3.Whataretheproblemsoflarge-scaletreeplantingaccordingtothepassage?

a.Choosingthewronglocationb.Plantingtreesinthebigcities

c.Plantingthewrongtypeoftreesd.Choosingonlyonetypeoftrees

A.abdB.abcC.acdD.bed

4.Thepurposeofthepassageis.

A.tocallonpeopletotakeactiontoprotecttheenvironment

B.toaskmorepeopletoplantmoretreesintheirdailylives

C.towarnpeopletochoosetherightlocationtoplanttrees

D.toremindpeopletopaymuchattentiontotheirhealth

三、根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞

Theproblemsomepeoplehavewithhomeworkisnotthattheyfindittoohard,orthatit

takestoolong,butthattheyf1whattheyhavetodoandforwhen.Thismaybebecause

theydon'twritedownexactlywhatn2tobedone,