2023-11【英譯中】【Passage】NewdronefootagegivesaglimpseofthedamagethatHawaii’sBigIslandsustainedinthewakeofvolcanicexplosionsinrecentdays.Smokecanbeseenbillowingoffthelavaasitcreepsdownroadsandthroughwoodedareastowardhomes.Firesarevisiblewithterrifyingstreamsofbrightnessbreakingthroughthesurroundingareasofblack.Afteradayofrelativecalm,KilauearoaredbackinfullforceonSunday,spewinglava300feetintheair,encroachingonahalfmileofnewgroundandbringingthetotalnumberofdestroyedstructuresto35.300英尺高空，又侵蝕了半英里土地，35處建筑遭摧毀。Therehavebeen1,800residentsevacuatedfromtheirneighborhoodswherecrackshavebeenopeningandspillinglava.Inevacuatedareaswithrelativelylowsulfurdioxidelevels,residentswereallowedtoreturnhomeforafewhourstocollectbelongingsonSundayandMonday.Officialssaidthoseresidents–alittlemorethanhalfoftheevacuees—wereallowedtoreturnbriefly,andtheywouldcontinuetoallowresidentsinifitcouldbedonesafely.由于地面開裂、巖漿涌出，1800社區(qū)居民被疏散。周六周日，在二氧化硫濃度——約占被疏散居民總數(shù)的半數(shù)多些——全的前提下，允許其他居民回家?！癟hingsgotprettyactive,”anofficialsaidataSaturdaypressconference.“Theeightvolcanoeswereprettyactive,tothepointwherelavawasspewingandtheflowstartedspreadingsowegotadditionaldamageoutthere.I’mnotsurewhatthecountis,butwethoughtitwasjustcontinuingtogo.Fortunately,seismicityhaslaiddownandthevolcanoeshavegonequietnow.”Butofficialshadcautionedthatwhilethelavaflowwasquiet,itwouldn’tbeforlong.“Morevolcanoescouldopenup,theexistingonescouldgetactiveagain.”There’salotoflavaunderthegroundsoeventuallyit’sgoingtocomeup.”“這些火山變的很活潑，”一位官員在周六進(jìn)展的聞公布會(huì)上稱，“有八個(gè)火山經(jīng)減弱，火山也開頭安靜下來了?！钡枪賳T警告稱，雖然巖漿流淌慢下來了，“還有更多地火山可能會(huì)爆發(fā)，現(xiàn)有的火山可能再次變得活潑?！钡乇硐旅嬗泻芏鄮r漿，這些巖漿最終會(huì)噴發(fā)出來。Theislandwasalsorockedbya6.9-magnitudeearthquakeonFriday,whichcausedlandslidesnearthecoast,butminimalstructuraldamage.TheUnitedStatesGeologicalSurvey(USGS)saidSundaytheislandhadexperiencedmorethan500earthquakes–13withamagnitudegreaterthan4.0—inthe24hoursfollowingthe6.9-magnitudequake.But,theconcernforresidentscontinuestobethelavaandgasemittedfromvolcanoes.“Thelavaisdefinitelydestroyingpeople’shomes—wedon’thaveanexactcount–butitisadevastatingsituation.”HawaiiCountyheadsaidSaturday.“There’snowaywecould’vepredictedthis.”損壞。美國地質(zhì)調(diào)查局〔USGS〕周日表示，大島發(fā)生6.924小時(shí)500134.0級(jí)。然而，居民所擔(dān)憂的照舊是火山噴出的巖漿和氣體?！皫r漿確定還在摧毀人們的房子——我們目前還沒”夏威夷郡負(fù)責(zé)人周六稱，“我們也沒有方法推想到現(xiàn)在這種狀況?！薄居⒆g中】【Passage】JustasinAmerica,inBritaintoo,thestorytoldbyofficialstatisticsdoesnotalwaysmatchpeople’sexperience.ThatisespeciallytrueinplaceslikeNewcastle,aformershipbuildingcity,whichlostouttocompetitionfromAsiainthe1970sandhasseenlivingstandardsstagnateeversince.TheU.S.economy,wearetold,isbooming.2070年月不敵來自亞洲國家的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，人民生活水平從今始終停滯不前。我們被告知，美國經(jīng)濟(jì)正快速進(jìn)展。Inthepasttwoquarters,grossdomesticproducthasrisenbymorethan3%,thestockmarketissoaringandunemploymentisdowntoa17-yearlowof4.1%.Manypeople,though,don’tfeelthatupside.Theperceptiongapishuge.Unemployment,morebroadlymeasured,ishigherthantheheadlinenumbersuggestsbecausemanypeoplehavesimplygivenuplookingforworkorareworkinginpart-timejobswhentheywantafull-timejob.3%4.1%，17年來的低。但是，很多人感受不到這種經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。數(shù)據(jù)和人們感知之間字要高些，由于很多人干脆不找工作了，或者在找工作時(shí)做著兼職工作。OneoftheprimefaultsofGDPisthatitdealsinaveragesandaggregates.Aggregateshidetheinequality.Andaveragesdon’ttellusverymuchatall.Barringafewrecessions,theU.S.economyhasbeenonanearrelentlessupwardpathsincethe1950s.YetaccordingtoaPewResearchCenterreport,theaveragehourlywagefornonmanagementprivate-sectorworkwas$20.67in2023,just$1.49higherthanin1964,adjustedforinflation.GDP的一個(gè)主要缺陷就是它反映的是總數(shù)和平均數(shù)。看總數(shù)的話，就看不到不2050年月以來除了幾次經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退外，始終不斷高速增長。但皮尤爭(zhēng)論中心〔PewResearch20.6719641.49美元。Studiessuggestthatpeoplecaremoreaboutrelativethanabsolutewealth.Ifthatistrue,thenasaminorityhavebecomericher,themajorityhavegrownmoremiserable.InafamousexperimentcarriedoutatEmoryUniversity,twomonkeyswereputsidebysideandgivencucumbersasarewardforperformingatask.Whenoneofthemonkeyswasgivenbetter-tastinggrapesinstead,themonkeyreceivingcucumbersbecamedistraught,flingingitsnowdespisedrewardatitstrainer.TheproblemswithusingGDPasabarometergobeyondmaskinginequality.在少數(shù)人變富的同時(shí)，多數(shù)人就得變的更窮。埃默里大學(xué)〔EmoryUniversity〕拿嫌棄的黃瓜砸向訓(xùn)練人員。除了掩蓋經(jīng)濟(jì)不公正狀況這個(gè)弊端外，將GDP作為經(jīng)濟(jì)晴雨表還存在其他問題。InventedintheUSinthe1930s,thefigureisachildofthemanufacturingage–goodatmeasuringphysicalproductionbutnottheservicesthatdominatemoderneconomies.HowwouldGDPmeasurethequalityofmental-healthcareortheavailabilityofday-carecentersandparksinyourarea?EventheBelarusianeconomistwhopracticallyinventedGDPdonotlikethefactthatitcountedarmamentsandfinancialspeculationaspositiveoutputs.Aboveall,hesaid,GDPshouldneverbeconfusedwithwell-being.Thatsuggestsweneedtofinddifferentwaysofmeasuringoursuccess.Forthemostpart,wehavebecomeobsessedwithasinglemeasurethatoffersonlylimitedinformation.GDP是美國在20世紀(jì)30年月提出的，屬于制造業(yè)時(shí)代的產(chǎn)物，適用于統(tǒng)計(jì)物質(zhì)生產(chǎn)，卻不適合衡量在現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)中處于主導(dǎo)地位的各種效勞。GDP如何衡量實(shí)際制造GDP的白俄羅斯經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家也不寵愛將軍備和金融投機(jī)歸入到GDP統(tǒng)計(jì)中。他說，總之，永久不要將GDP與民生混為一談。這意味著我們需要查找其中譯英419日有關(guān)網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全和信息化工作座談會(huì)的水平。其實(shí)很有難度。也從根本上避開了語言的無序、規(guī)律混亂和主次模糊的嫌疑。PassageOne原文：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是一個(gè)社會(huì)信息大平臺(tái)，億萬網(wǎng)民在上面獲得信息、溝通信息，這會(huì)對(duì)他們的求知途徑、思維方式、價(jià)值觀念產(chǎn)生重要影響，特別是會(huì)對(duì)他們(、)對(duì)國家、對(duì)社會(huì)、對(duì)工作、對(duì)人生的看法產(chǎn)生重要影響。網(wǎng)民來自老百姓，老百收集好想法好建議，樂觀回應(yīng)網(wǎng)民關(guān)切、解疑釋惑。譯家精編譯文：Asalargeplatformforsocialinformation,theInternethasanimportanteffectontheirwaysofseekingknowledgeandmodeofthinkingaswellasvaluesespeciallyontheirviewstothecountry,societyandworkandlifenowthatitenableshundredsofmillionsofnetizenstogetandexchangeinformation.PartyandgovernmentorgansandleadingcadresatalllevelsshouldlearntokeepintouchwiththepublicthroughtheInternet,forinstance,wecanoftensurftheInternet,chatandvoicetounderstandwhatthemassesthinkandwant,collectgoodideasandsuggestionsandactivelyrespondtonetizens”concerns,solvedoubtsandconfusionsbasedonthefactthatpublicopinionsareconsciouslyexpressedinInternetbynetizensfromcommonpeople.譯家深入翻譯解析要義：本大段，由兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子組成。所以，第一句主要是在說互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，語意主價(jià)值觀念，對(duì)他們(、)對(duì)國家、對(duì)社會(huì)、對(duì)工作、對(duì)人生的看法等等，均為圍繞闡釋，即：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)允許網(wǎng)民獲得信息并對(duì)信息進(jìn)展溝通。其次大段，旨在說明各級(jí)黨政機(jī)關(guān)應(yīng)當(dāng)怎么做的問題。即：應(yīng)當(dāng)與公眾保持聯(lián)系(走群眾路線)，常常上網(wǎng)(，)看看，聊談天、發(fā)發(fā)聲，了解群眾所思所愿，姓上了網(wǎng)，民意也就上了網(wǎng)。所以前后成分互為因果。結(jié)合文章出處，應(yīng)承受第一人稱“我們”，這樣才能做到先入為主。并且全文“我們要怎樣做的問題”“we”來做句子的主語，“我們”，也就抓住了整篇文章主干中的主干。原文：網(wǎng)民大多數(shù)是一般群眾，來自各行各業(yè)(四周八方)，各自經(jīng)受不同，觀點(diǎn)要多一些包涵和急躁，對(duì)建設(shè)性意見要準(zhǔn)時(shí)吸納，對(duì)困難(的人)要準(zhǔn)時(shí)幫助，對(duì)錯(cuò)誤看法要準(zhǔn)時(shí)引導(dǎo)和訂正。譯家精編譯文：Weshouldnotonlybemoretolerantandpatient,absorbconstructiveopinionsintime,helpthosewhoareindifficultiesintime,publicizethosewhodonotknowthesituationstimely,clearupvagueknowledgetimely,resolvecomplaintsandgrievancesintimeandguideandcorrecttheirwrongviewsintime,butalsocannotaskthemtoviewalltheissuessoaccuratelyandsaysocorrectlyunderthebackgroundthatthevariedopinionsandideasareoriginatedfromtheirowneddifferentexperiencefromallwalksoflifeandmostofthenetizensarefromordinarypeople.譯家深入翻譯解析要義：“我們”“要求”。即：第一，我們要多一些包涵和急躁，對(duì)建設(shè)性意見要準(zhǔn)時(shí)吸納，對(duì)困難(的人)要準(zhǔn)時(shí)幫助，對(duì)不了解狀況的(四周八花八門。其余成分則為圍繞主干而進(jìn)展的補(bǔ)充說明。搞清楚句子成分，前后關(guān)系，那么文章的遣詞造句和整體操控將譯如反掌。最終，鑒于時(shí)間和精力關(guān)系，對(duì)Passage2的真題不再進(jìn)展搶先試譯。對(duì)Catti二Catti二級(jí)筆譯翻Catti二級(jí)筆譯真題的翻譯精華！2023-05英譯中PassageOne:NearCambodia”sTempleRuins,aDevotiontoLearning走進(jìn)破敗的柬埔寨廟宇，感受學(xué)習(xí)的熱忱。MillionsoftouristscomehereeveryyeartovisittheancientruinsofAngkorWat,aninfluxthathashelpedtransformwhatonceresembledasmall,laid-backvillageintoathrivingandcosmopolitantownwiththumpingnightlifeandmorethan10,000hotelrooms.Buttheexplosionofthetourismindustryherehasalsodonesomethinglesspredictable.SiemReap,whichhadnouniversitiesadecadeago,isnowCambodia’ssecond-largesthubforhighereducation,afterthecapital,PhnomPenh.中心，高等院校規(guī)模僅次于首都金邊。Thesonsanddaughtersofimpoverishedricefarmersflockheretoworkastourguides,receptionists,bartendersandwaitresses.Whentheirshiftsareover,theystudyfinance,Englishandaccounting.頭扎進(jìn)金融、英語和會(huì)計(jì)的學(xué)習(xí)之中。TheestablishmentoffiveprivateuniversitieshereishelpingtotransformtheworkforceinthispartofCambodia.EmployerssaythatEnglishproficiencyisrisingandthatworkerswhoattenduniversitiesstandoutfortheirabilitytoexpressthemselvesandmakedecisions.Agenerationofstudentswhowouldotherwisehavehadlittlehopetostudybeyondhighschoolareenduringgruelingschedulestogetadegreeandpursuetheirdreams.夢(mèng)想。KhimBorin,a26-year-oldtourguidebydayandlawstudentbynight,sayshewantstobecomealawyer.Buthesometimeshastroublestayingawakeinclassduringthehightouristseason,whenhespendshoursscalingvertiginoustemplestepsandbakinginthetropicalsun.上心力交瘁。Butthesymbiosisofworkandstudyherecametogetherwithoutanymasterplan.而在暹粒，工作與學(xué)習(xí)相得益彰，并無任何的總體規(guī)劃。Itwasdrivenlargelybysupplyanddemand:universitiesopenedtocatertothedreamsofCambodia’syouth—andofferedflexiblehoursinsyncwiththerhythmsofthetouristindustry.愿，依據(jù)旅游業(yè)的工作節(jié)奏，靈敏地設(shè)置學(xué)習(xí)課時(shí)。Aftergraduation,studentswhoworkandstudyatthesametimeoftenhaveanedgeoverfreshgraduateswhohaveneverworkedbefore,forwhomstartingacareercanbedifficult,Ms.Chanandotherssay.Universitystudentsare“morecommunicative,”shesaid.“Iftheydon’tlikesomething,theyspeakout.”“大學(xué)生‘與人溝通起來更加坦率’。對(duì)于不喜之事物，他們定會(huì)和盤托出?！盡s.ChanandotherssaytheyareluckythatAngkor’stempleshaveprovedsopopularwithtourists.Ifitwerenotforthesandstonestructuresnestledinthejungles,SiemvisitedSiemReap,halfofthemforeigners,accordingtotheCambodianMinistryofTourism.士。英譯中PassageTwoFacultyshortagecouldthwartIndia”seducationdream師資短缺已成為印度教育夢(mèng)的絆腳石thwarCouldthwarFacultyshortge起到一箭三調(diào)的作用。Atoneofthebetllegesndiaapitahereustonelaomfor140facultymemberstositandhaveacupofteaorgradepapers.“Ifevenhalfshowup,therearen”tenoughchairs,“saidAmin,ahistoryprofessorthere.“Thereisnootheplacetowork.Inthissituation,howdoyouexpectteacherstowork?“14070下，教員們?cè)撛趺窗残墓ぷ餮?？”本段原文英語看似簡短、平淡，實(shí)則暗藏的語義內(nèi)容較為豐富。這就需要充分發(fā)揮漢語的優(yōu)勢(shì)，對(duì)原文進(jìn)展細(xì)致的解剖和深入的語言雕琢。首句：AtoneofthebettercollegesinIndia”scapital,thereisjustonelargeroomfor140facultymemtositandhaveacupofteaorgradaesbettrthereisjustonelargem

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thereisjustonelargeroom的理解，確定要翻譯出僅僅/只配備有一個(gè)大房間。而句子tositandhaveacupoftea，tosit可以翻譯為就坐，但這樣顯得譯文過于平淡，假設(shè)將就坐和喝茶一haveacupoftea其實(shí)是可以做省譯處理。后句和尾句：“Ifevenhalfshowup,therearen”tenoughchairs,“saidAmin,ahistoryprofessorthere.“Thereisnootherplacetowork.Inthissituation,howdoyouexpectteacherstowork?“史學(xué)教授。而尾句“Thereisnootherplacetowork.Inthissituation,howdoyouexpectteacherstowork?“鑒于語意的連貫性，可以將其一道整合起來理解，盡量避開字對(duì)字。Thelackofamenitiesforfacultymembersisnottheonlyissue.After30yearsatMaryCollege,whichisoneofdozensadministeredbytheUniversityofDelhi,Ms.Aminmakestheequivalentof$22,000ayear-lessthanhalfofwhatsomeofherbetterstudentswillmakeintheirfirstjobs.Newopportunitiesoffernotjustmoremoneyforgraduatesbutalsomobilityandflexibility,whicharevirtuallyunheardofforfacultyatmostofIndia”scollegesanduniversities.然而印度教育所面臨的問題不僅僅是教員設(shè)施的缺乏盡管阿明女士在貴德里大學(xué)下設(shè)的其中之一所院校的瑪麗學(xué)院已執(zhí)教 30載，但她的年薪只有22,000美元。這樣的薪資還不及她執(zhí)教過的那些得意門生們首份工作年薪的一了流淌性和靈敏性，而這些福利都是印度大學(xué)教員們聞所未聞的。本段原文英語照舊連續(xù)了簡潔的表達(dá)文風(fēng)將教員與大學(xué)畢業(yè)生的收入進(jìn)展了猛烈僅是教員設(shè)施的缺乏，還有收入回報(bào)懸殊的問題。本段幾乎無語言難點(diǎn)，全文只需要抓住After 30 years at Mary College, which is one of dozensadministeredbytheUniversityofDelhi 這一句，并對(duì)其進(jìn)展合理的語言架構(gòu)，突出句子暗含的感情顏色確定要翻譯出瑪麗學(xué)院貴為德里大學(xué)的下設(shè)院校突出瑪麗學(xué)院的身份和優(yōu)越性從而進(jìn)一步凸顯仆人公阿明案例的代表性把控好該段的核心要義，則整句的遣詞造句便是順理成章，水到渠成。AllthismeansthatIndiaisfacingasevereshortageoffacultymembers.Butitisnotjustlowpayandlackoffacilitiesthatarebeingblamed.Accordingtoagovernmentreportpublishedlastyear,amassiveexpansioninhighereducationcombinedwithapoorsupplyofPhD”s,delaysinrecruitmentandthelackofincentivestoattractandnurturetalenthasledtoasituationinwhich40percentofexistingfacultypositionsremainvacant.Thereport”sauthors,mostlyacademics,foundthatifthe shortfalliscalculatedusingtheclasssizerecommendedbythegovernment,thisfigurejumpsto54percent.54％。然句子較為分散，但是語意很是連貫。具體表達(dá)了造成師資短缺的根源。本段語言難點(diǎn)也較少全文的難點(diǎn)在于Accordingtoagovernmentreportpublishedlastyear,amassiveexpansionin highereducationcombinedwithapoorsupplyofPhD”s,delaysinrecruitmentandthelackofincentivestoattractandnurturetalenthasledtoasituationinwhich40percentofexistingfacultypositionsremainvacant對(duì)這個(gè)長句的理解上。鑒于該譯可謂峰回路轉(zhuǎn)，柳暗花明。學(xué)員可以依據(jù)譯文，來揣度這其中的深意。ExpertssaythisistheclearestsignthatIndiawillfailtomeetthegoalsetbytheeducationminister,whohaspledgedtomorethandoublethesizeofthecountry”shighereducationsystemby2023.Theysaythatwhiletheambitionislaudable,theabsenceofalong-termstrategytodevelopfacultywillensurethatIndia”seducationdreamremainsjustthat.2023年前使印度高等教育學(xué)生的數(shù)量翻一番。專家們?nèi)颊J(rèn)為，雖然這一雄Theysaythatwhiletheambitionislaudable,theabsenceofalong-termstrategytodevelopfacultywillensurethatIndia”seducationdreamremainsjustthat的理解上。要揣摩句子間的情感轉(zhuǎn)折顏色，remainsjustthat在此可理解為擱淺或者空想。Mr.BalakrishnanofIndianinstituteoftechnologyinDelhi,meanwhile,wasmoreoptimistic.HefeltIndiacouldenrollasmuchas25percentofeligiblestudentsincollegesanduniversities-abouttwicethecurrentfigure-bytheendofthisdecade.“Tangiblechangesarehappening,“hesaid.“Thedebatethathashappenedinthelastfew yearshastakenpeopleoutoftheircomfortzones.Thereismoreconsensusacrosstheboardthatweneedtoscalequalityeducation.“25%的優(yōu)秀畢業(yè)生作為高教職工。這個(gè)比率約為現(xiàn)今的兩倍。“真實(shí)的變化正在進(jìn)展，”巴拉科瑞斯南先生如是說?！斑^然成為全部人的共識(shí)。”詞組Comfortzones的準(zhǔn)確釋意和結(jié)尾兩句Thedebatethathashappenedinthelastfewyearshastakenpeopleoutoftheircomfortzones.Thereismoreconsensusacrosstheboardthatweneedtoscalequalityeducation的理解。這兩句我結(jié)合全文進(jìn)展了共性化的語言編織，旨為翻譯學(xué)員供給一種理解維度。中譯英PassageOne20232023多年前，亞歐大陸上勤勞勇敢的人民，探究出多條連接亞歐非幾大文明的貿(mào)易和人文溝通通路，后人將其統(tǒng)稱為“絲綢之路”。千百年來，“和平合作、開”Morethantwomillenniaago,thevaliantandindustriouspeoplefromEurasiahaveexploredseveralroutesfortradeandpeople-to-peopleexchangeslinkingthemajorcivilizationsofAsia,EuropeandAfrica,whicharecollectivelycalledtheSilkRoadbylatergenerations.Forthousandsofyears,theSilkRoadSpiritof“peaceandcooperation,opennessandinclusiveness,mutualbenefitandwin-winsituations“hasbeenpassedfromgenerationtogeneration,greatlypromotingbothprosperityanddevelopmentofthosecountriesalongtheSilkRoad.進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)，面對(duì)復(fù)蘇乏力的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)，紛繁簡潔的國際和地區(qū)局面，傳“一帶一路”“一帶一路”致力于亞“一帶一路”求和就業(yè)，增進(jìn)沿線各國人民的人文溝通。Inthe21stcentury,itismoreimportantfortheSilkRoadSpirittobeinheritedandexpanded in face of the weak recovery of the world economy and complexinternationalaswellasregionalsituations.Intheprincipleofshareddeliberation,activelypromotingmutualdockingofDevelopmentStrategiesalongtheSilkRoadwillbeapressingmatterofthemomentnowthat“theBeltandRoadInitiative”isasystematicproject.求和就業(yè)，增進(jìn)沿線各國人民的人文溝通。TheBeltandRoadInitiativeaimstopromotetheconnectivityofAsian,EuropeanandAfricancontinentsaswellastheiradjacentseas,establishandstrengthenpartnershipsamong the countries along the Belt and Road, establish all-dimensional multi-tieredconnec