代數(shù)部分1.有關基本運算：

add,plus加

subtract減

difference差

multiply,times乘

product積

divide除

divisible可被整除的

dividedevenly被整除

dividend被除數(shù)

divisor因子，除數(shù)

quotient商

remainder余數(shù)

factorial階乘

power乘方

radicalsign,rootsign根號

roundto四舍五入

tothenearest四舍五入2.有關集合

union并集

propersubset真子集

solutionset解集

3.有關代數(shù)式、方程和不等式

algebraicterm代數(shù)項

liketerms,similarterms同類項

numericalcoefficient數(shù)字系數(shù)

literalcoefficient字母系數(shù)

inequality不等式

triangleinequality三角不等式

range值域

originalequation原方程

equivalentequation同解方程

等價方程

linearequation線性方程(e.g.5x+6=22)4.有關分數(shù)和小數(shù)

properfraction真分數(shù)

improperfraction假分數(shù)

mixednumber帶分數(shù)

vulgarfraction,monfraction普通分數(shù)

simplefraction簡分數(shù)

plexfraction繁分數(shù)

numerator分子

denominator分母

(least)mondenominator(最小)公分母

quarter四分之一

decimalfraction純小數(shù)

infinitedecimal無窮小數(shù)

recurringdecimal循環(huán)小數(shù)

tenthsunit十分位

5.基本數(shù)學概念

arithmeticmean算術平均值

weightedaverage加權平均值

geometricmean幾何平均數(shù)

exponent指數(shù)，冪

base乘冪的底數(shù),底邊

cube立方數(shù)，立方體

squareroot平方根

cuberoot立方根

monlogarithm常用對數(shù)

digit數(shù)字

constant常數(shù)

variable變量

inversefunction反函數(shù)

plementaryfunction余函數(shù)

linear一次的，線性的

factorization因式分解

absolutevalue絕對值，e.g.｜-32｜=32

roundoff四舍五入6.有關數(shù)論

naturalnumber自然數(shù)

positivenumber正數(shù)

negativenumber負數(shù)

oddinteger,oddnumber奇數(shù)

eveninteger,evennumber偶數(shù)

integer,wholenumber整數(shù)

positivewholenumber正整數(shù)

negativewholenumber負整數(shù)

consecutivenumber連續(xù)整數(shù)

realnumber,rationalnumber實數(shù),有理數(shù)

irrational(number)無理數(shù)

positenumber合數(shù)e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15……

primenumber質數(shù)e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15……

reciprocal倒數(shù)

mondivisor公約數(shù)

multiple倍數(shù)

(least)monmultiple(最小)公倍數(shù)

(prime)factor(質)因子

monfactor公因子

ordinaryscale,decimalscale十進制

nonnegative非負的

tens十位

units個位

mode眾數(shù)

median中數(shù)

monratio公比7.數(shù)列

arithmeticprogression(sequence)等差數(shù)列

geometricprogression(sequence)等比數(shù)列

8.其它

approximate近似

(anti)clockwise(逆)順時針方向

cardinal基數(shù)

ordinal序數(shù)

directproportion正比

distinct不同的

estimation估計，近似

parentheses括號

proportion比例

permutation排列

bination組合

table表格

trigonometricfunction三角函數(shù)

unit單位,位幾何部分

1.所有的角

alternateangle內錯角

correspondingangle同位角

verticalangle對頂角

centralangle圓心角

interiorangle內角

exteriorangle外角

supplementaryangles補角

plementaryangle余角

adjacentangle鄰角

acuteangle銳角

obtuseangle鈍角

rightangle直角

roundangle周角

straightangle平角

includedangle夾角

2.所有的三角形

equilateraltriangle等邊三角形

scalenetriangle不等邊三角形

isoscelestriangle等腰三角形

righttriangle直角三角形

oblique斜三角形

inscribedtriangle內接三角形3.有關收斂的平面圖形，除三角形外

semicircle半圓

concentriccircles同心圓

quadrilateral四邊形

pentagon五邊形

hexagon六邊形

heptagon七邊形

octagon八邊形

nonagon九邊形

decagon十邊形

polygon多邊形

parallelogram平行四邊形

equilateral等邊形

plane平面

square正方形，平方

rectangle長方形

regularpolygon正多邊形

rhombus菱形

trapezoid梯形

4.其它平面圖形

arc弧

line,straightline直線

linesegment線段

parallellines平行線

segmentofacircle弧形5.有關立體圖形

cube立方體，立方數(shù)

rectangularsolid長方體

regularsolid/regularpolyhedron正多面體

circularcylinder圓柱體

cone圓錐

sphere球體

solid立體的

6.有關圖形上的附屬物

altitude高

depth深度

side邊長

circumference,perimeter周長

radian弧度

surfacearea表面積

volume體積

arm直角三角形的股

crosssection橫截面

centerofacircle圓心

chord弦

radius半徑

anglebisector角平分線

diagonal對角線

diameter直徑

edge棱

faceofasolid立體的面

hypotenuse斜邊

includedside夾邊

leg三角形的直角邊

medianofatriangle三角形的中線

base底邊，底數(shù)(e.g.2的5次方，2就是底數(shù))

opposite直角三角形中的對邊

midpoint中點

endpoint端點

vertex(復數(shù)形式vertices)頂點

tangent切線的

transversal截線

intercept截距7.有關坐標

coordinatesystem坐標系

rectangularcoordinate直角坐標系

origin原點

abscissa橫坐標

ordinate縱坐標

numberline數(shù)軸

quadrant象限

slope斜率

plexplane復平面

8.其它

planegeometry平面幾何

trigonometry三角學

bisect平分

circumscribe外切

inscribe內切

intersect相交

perpendicular垂直

Pythagoreantheorem勾股定理

congruent全等的

multilateral多邊的一般詞匯數(shù)學mathematics,maths(BrE),math(AmE)公理axiom定理theorem計算calculation運算operation證明prove假設hypothesis,hypotheses(pl.)命題proposition算術arithmetic加plus(prep.),add(v.),addition(n.)被加數(shù)augend,summand加數(shù)addend和sum減minus(prep.),subtract(v.),subtraction(n.)被減數(shù)minuend減數(shù)subtrahend差remainder乘times(prep.),multiply(v.),multiplication(n.)被乘數(shù)multiplicand,faciend乘數(shù)multiplicator積product除dividedby(prep.),divide(v.),division(n.)被除數(shù)dividend除數(shù)divisor商quotient等于equals,isequalto,isequivalentto大于isgreaterthan小于islesserthan大于等于isequalorgreaterthan小于等于isequalorlesserthan運算符operator數(shù)字digit數(shù)number自然數(shù)naturalnumber整數(shù)integer小數(shù)decimal小數(shù)點decimalpoint分數(shù)fraction分子numerator分母denominator比ratio正positive負negative零null,zero,nought,nil十進制decimalsystem二進制binarysystem十六進制hexadecimalsystem權weight,significance進位carry截尾truncation四舍五入round下舍入rounddown上舍入roundup有效數(shù)字significantdigit無效數(shù)字insignificantdigit代數(shù)algebra公式formula,formulae(pl.)單項式monomial多項式polynomial,multinomial系數(shù)coefficient未知數(shù)unknown,x-factor,y-factor,z-factor等式，方程式equation一次方程simpleequation二次方程quadraticequation三次方程cubicequation四次方程quarticequation不等式inequation階乘factorial對數(shù)logarithm指數(shù)，冪exponent乘方power二次方，平方square三次方，立方cube四次方thepoweroffour,thefourthpowern次方thepowerofn,thenthpower開方evolution,extraction二次方根，平方根squareroot三次方根，立方根cuberoot四次方根therootoffour,thefourthrootn次方根therootofn,thenthroot集合aggregate元素element空集void子集subset交集intersection并集union補集plement映射mapping函數(shù)function定義域domain,fieldofdefinition值域range常量constant變量variable單調性monotonicity奇偶性parity周期性periodicity圖象image數(shù)列，級數(shù)series微積分calculus微分differential導數(shù)derivative極限limit無窮大infinite(a.)infinity(n.)無窮小infinitesimal積分integral定積分definiteintegral不定積分indefiniteintegral有理數(shù)rationalnumber無理數(shù)irrationalnumber實數(shù)realnumber虛數(shù)imaginarynumber復數(shù)plexnumber矩陣matrix行列式determinant幾何geometry點point線line面plane體solid線段segment射線radial平行parallel相交intersect角angle角度degree弧度radian銳角acuteangle直角rightangle鈍角obtuseangle平角straightangle周角perigon底base邊side高height三角形triangle銳角三角形acutetriangle直角三角形righttriangle直角邊leg斜邊hypotenuse勾股定理Pythagoreantheorem鈍角三角形obtusetriangle不等邊三角形scalenetriangle等腰三角形isoscelestriangle等邊三角形equilateraltriangle四邊形quadrilateral平行四邊形parallelogram矩形rectangle長length寬width菱形rhomb,rhombus,rhombi(pl.),diamond正方形square梯形trapezoid直角梯形righttrapezoid等腰梯形isoscelestrapezoid五邊形pentagon六邊形hexagon七邊形heptagon八邊形octagon九邊形enneagon十邊形decagon十一邊形hendecagon十二邊形dodecagon多邊形polygon正多邊形equilateralpolygon圓circle圓心centre(BrE),center(AmE)半徑radius直徑diameter圓周率pi弧arc半圓semicircle扇形sector環(huán)ring橢圓ellipse圓周circumference周長perimeter面積area軌跡locus,loca(pl.)相似similar全等congruent四面體tetrahedron五面體pentahedron六面體hexahedron平行六面體parallelepiped立方體cube七面體heptahedron八面體octahedron九面體enneahedron十面體decahedron十一面體hendecahedron十二面體dodecahedron二十面體icosahedron多面體polyhedron棱錐pyramid棱柱prism棱臺frustumofaprism旋轉rotation軸axis圓錐cone圓柱cylinder圓臺frustumofacone球sphere半球hemisphere底面undersurface表面積surfacearea體積volume空間space坐標系coordinates坐標軸x-axis,y-axis,z-axis橫坐標x-coordinate縱坐標y-coordinate原點origin雙曲線hyperbola拋物線parabola三角trigonometry正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant反正弦arcsine反余弦arccosine反正切arctangent反余切arccotangent反正割arcsecant反余割arccosecant相位phase周期period振幅amplitude內心incentre(BrE),incenter(AmE)外心excentre(BrE),excenter(AmE)旁心escentre(BrE),escenter(AmE)垂心orthocentre(BrE),orthocenter(AmE)重心barycentre(BrE),barycenter(AmE)內切圓inscribedcircle外切圓circumcircle統(tǒng)計statistics平均數(shù)average加權平均數(shù)weightedaverage方差variance標準差root-mean-squaredeviation,standarddeviation比例propotion百分比percent百分點percentage百分位數(shù)percentile排列permutation組合bination概率，或然率probability分布distribution正態(tài)分布normaldistribution非正態(tài)分布abnormaldistribution圖表graph條形統(tǒng)計圖bargraph柱形統(tǒng)計圖histogram折線統(tǒng)計圖brokenlinegraph曲線統(tǒng)計圖curvediagram扇形統(tǒng)計圖piediagram其他數(shù)學詞匯：mathematics數(shù)學theorem定理calculation計算operation運算arithmetic算術，四則運算addition加法subtraction減法multiplication乘法division除法sum和remainder余product積quotient商2plus1equals3二加一等于三4minus2equals2四減二等于二4multipliedby5,4times5四乘以五addend加數(shù)plussign加號minussign減號multiplicand被乘數(shù)multiplier乘數(shù)divisor除數(shù)dividend被除數(shù)decimalpoint小數(shù)點noughtpointfour零點四fraction分數(shù)ratio比proportion比例numerator分子mondenominator公分母exponent指數(shù)differentialcalculus微分學integralcalculus積分sliderule計算尺function函數(shù)derivative導數(shù)power冪,乘方toraisetothepoweroffive使乘五次方xsquared某數(shù)的平方cube三次方threecubed三次方的tothefourthpower,tothepoweroffour乘四次方squareroot平方根cuberoot立方根ruleofthree比例法logarithm對數(shù)logarithmtable對數(shù)表algebra代數(shù)equation等式，方程式unknown未知數(shù)simpleequation一次方程quadraticequation二次方程cubicequation三次方程微積分反函數(shù):

inverse

function.

冪函數(shù):

power

function.

指數(shù)函數(shù):

exponential

function.

對數(shù)函數(shù):

logarithmic

function.

三角函數(shù):

trigonometric

function.

反三角函數(shù):

anti-trigonometric

function.

復合函數(shù):

pound

function.

初等函數(shù):

elementary

function.

雙曲函數(shù):

hyperbolic

function.

反雙曲函數(shù):

anti-hyperbolic

function.

無窮小:infinitesimal.

無窮大:infinity.

連續(xù)性:continuity.

間斷點:discontinuous

point.

介值定理:intermediate

value

theorem.

導數(shù):derivative.

微分:differential.

函數(shù)的單調性:monotonicity

of

function.

曲線:curve.

曲線的凹凸性:concavity

of

curve.

曲線的拐點:

keen

point

of

curve.

曲率:curvature.

不定積分:

indefinite

integral(indeterminate

integral).

定積分:

definite

integral.

廣義積分:improper

integral.

空間解析幾何:space

analytic

geometry.

向量代數(shù):vector

algebra.

空間直角坐標系:space

rectangular

coordinate

system.

數(shù)量積:scalar

product.

向量積:vector

product.

混合積:triple

product.

曲面:surface.

二次曲面:second-degree

surface.線性代數(shù)

Aadjont(adjugate)ofmatrixAA的伴隨矩陣augmentedmatrixA的增廣矩陣Bblockdiagonalmatrix塊對角矩陣blockmatrix塊矩陣basicsolutionset基礎解系CCauchy-Schwarzinequality柯西-許瓦茲不等式characteristicequation特征方程characteristicpolynomial特征多項式coffcientmatrix系數(shù)矩陣cofactor代數(shù)余子式cofactorexpansion代數(shù)余子式展開columnvector列向量mutingmatrices交換矩陣consistentlinearsystem相容線性方程組Cramer'srule克萊姆法則Cross-productterm交叉項DDeterminant行列式Diagonalentries對角元素Diagonalmatrix對角矩陣DimensionofavectorspaceV向量空間V的維數(shù)Eechelonmatrix梯形矩陣eigenspace特征空間eigenvalue特征值eigenvector特征向量eigenvectorbasis特征向量的基elementarymatrix初等矩陣elementaryrowoperations行初等變換Ffullrank滿秩fundermentalsetofsolution基礎解系Ggrneralsolution通解Gram-Schmidtprocess施密特正交化過程Hhomogeneouslinearequations齊次線性方程組Iidentitymatrix單位矩陣inconsistentlinearsystem不相容線性方程組indefinitematrix不定矩陣indefinitquatraticform不定二次型infinite-dimensionalspace無限維空間innerproduct內積inverseofmatrixA逆矩陣JKLlinearbination線性組合linearlydependent線性相關linearlyindependent線性無關lineartransformation線性變換lowertriangularmatrix下三角形矩陣MmaindiagonalofmatrixA矩陣的主對角matrix矩陣Nnegativedefinitequaraticform負定二次型negativesemidefinitequadraticform半負定二次型nonhomogeneousequations非齊次線性方程組nonsigularmatrix非奇異矩陣nontrivialsolution非平凡解normofvectorV向量V的范數(shù)normalizingvectorV規(guī)范化向量Oorthogonalbasis正交基orthogonalplement正交補orthogonaldeposition正交分解orthogonallydiagonalizablematrix矩陣的正交對角化orthogonalmatrix正交矩陣orthogonalset正交向量組orthonormalbasis規(guī)范正交基orthonomalset規(guī)范正交向量組Ppartitionedmatrix分塊矩陣positivedefinitematrix正定矩陣positivedefinitequatraticform正定二次型positivesemidefinitematrix半正定矩陣positivesemidefinitequadraticform半正定二次型Qquatraticform二次型RrankofmatrixA矩陣A的秩r(A)reducedechelonmatrix最簡梯形陣rowvector行向量Ssetspannedby{}由向量{}所生成similarmatrices相似矩陣similaritytransformation相似變換singularmatrix奇異矩陣solutionset解集合standardbasis標準基standardmatrix標準矩陣Isubmatrix子矩陣subspace子空間symmetricmatrix對稱矩陣TtraceofmatrixA矩陣A的跡tr(A)transposeofA矩陣A的轉秩triangleinequlity三角不等式trivialsolution平凡解Uunitvector單位向量uppertriangularmatrix上三角形矩陣Vvandermondematrix范得蒙矩陣vector向量vectorspace向量空間WZzerosubspace零子空間zerovector零空間概率與統(tǒng)計Probability

theory

概率論mathematical

statistics

數(shù)理統(tǒng)計deterministic

phenomenon

確定性現(xiàn)象random

phenomenon

隨機現(xiàn)象sample

space

樣本空間random

occurrence

隨機事件fundamental

event

基本事件certain

event

必然事件impossible

event

不可能事件random

test

隨機試驗

inpatible

events

互不相容事件frequency

頻率classical

probabilistic

model

古典概型geometric

probability

幾何概率conditional

probability

條件概率multiplication

theorem

乘法定理Bayes's

formula

貝葉斯公式Prior

probability

先驗概率Posterior

probability

后驗概率Independent

events

相互獨立事件Bernoulli

trials

貝努利試驗random

variable

隨機變量probability

distribution

概率分布distribution

function

分布函數(shù)discrete

random

variable

離散隨機變量distribution

law

分布律hypergeometric

distribution

超幾何分布random

sampling

model

隨機抽樣模型binomial

distribution

二項分布Poisson

distribution

泊松分布geometric

distribution

幾何分布probability

density

概率密度continuous

random

variable

連續(xù)隨機變量uniformly

distribution

均勻分布exponential

distribution

指數(shù)分布numerical

character

數(shù)字特征mathematical

expectation

數(shù)學期望variance

方差moment

矩central

moment

中心矩n-dimensional

random

variable

n-維隨機變量two-dimensional

random

variable

二維離散隨機變量joint

probability

distribution

聯(lián)合概率分布joint

distribution

law

聯(lián)合分布律joint

distribution

function

聯(lián)合分布函數(shù)boundary

distribution

law

邊緣分布律boundary

distribution

function

邊緣分布函數(shù)exponential

distribution

二維指數(shù)分布continuousrandomvariable

二維連續(xù)隨機變量joint

probability

density

聯(lián)合概率密度boundary

probability

density

邊緣概率密度conditional

distribution

條件分布conditional

distribution

law

條件分布律conditional

probability

density

條件概率密度covariance

協(xié)方差dependency

coefficient

相關系數(shù)normal

distribution

正態(tài)分布limit

theorem

極限定理standard

normal

distribution

標準正態(tài)分布logarithmic

normal

distribution

對數(shù)正態(tài)分布covariance

matrix

協(xié)方差矩陣central

limit

theorem

中心極限定理Chebyshev's

inequality