A、音素：語(yǔ)音的最小單位。英語(yǔ)中共有48個(gè)音素，其中元音音素20個(gè)，輔音音素28個(gè)。B、元音：發(fā)音時(shí)氣流不受阻礙。元音分為單元音和雙元音兩類。單元音發(fā)音時(shí)唇形和舌位不變；雙元音發(fā)音時(shí)由一個(gè)元音向另一個(gè)元音滑動(dòng)，唇形和舌位有一個(gè)變化過(guò)程，且前重后輕，前長(zhǎng)后短。C、輔音：發(fā)音時(shí)氣流受到阻礙。輔音分為清輔音和濁輔音兩類。清輔音發(fā)音時(shí)聲帶不振動(dòng)；濁輔音發(fā)音時(shí)聲帶振動(dòng)。D、音標(biāo)：用來(lái)記錄音素的符號(hào)。為了避免與字母混淆，音標(biāo)被放在斜括號(hào)//內(nèi)。5、英語(yǔ)中的一個(gè)字母或字母組合在不同的單詞中發(fā)音可能是不一樣的，相同的發(fā)音對(duì)應(yīng)的字母或字母組合也可能不完全相同。E、開(kāi)音節(jié)：以元音字母結(jié)尾或以一個(gè)元音字母加一個(gè)輔音字母再加不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾（r除外）的音節(jié)。元音字母在開(kāi)音節(jié)中讀長(zhǎng)音，即該字母的名稱音。閉音節(jié)：以一個(gè)或幾個(gè)輔音字母（r除外）結(jié)尾。元音字母在閉音節(jié)中讀短音。F、閉音節(jié)：以一個(gè)或幾個(gè)輔音字母（r除外）結(jié)尾。元音字母在閉音節(jié)中讀短音。26個(gè)字母發(fā)音規(guī)律及英語(yǔ)字母組合發(fā)音表a/ei/namecaketable/?/applecatmapam/α:/wantdance/o/whatwatchb/b/bookbigbagboxc/k/catcakecupclockcar/s/facenicepencilbooksd/d/deskdolldogdade/i:/heshemeetme/e/elephanteggbedpenf/f/finefriendflyfootfang/ɡ/gunglassgladglove/dз/ageorangeh/h/hathehousehandi/ai/finebikefiveice/i/issitmisspigpicturej/dз/jeepjamjacketjarere

/i?/here/ε?/wherethereew

/ju:/newfew/u:/flewgrewight

/ai/righthighbrightir

/?:/birdgirlshirtthirtyoa

/?u/boatcoatong

/o?/longsongoo

/u/bookfootgood/u:/moonballoonor

/:/shortforkport/?:/wordworldworkoor

/o:/doorfloorore

/o:/morestoresoreou

/au/outhousemouthour

/o:/fouryour/au?/ourow

/?u/bowlwindow/au/nowcowfloweroy

/oi/boytoyur

/?:/turn輔音組合th

/θ/thankmouth/δ/thisthatwithtr

/tr/treetraintruckdr

/dr/dressdriversh

/∫/shirtwashshortch

/t∫/childchaircatch/k/schoolChristmas/dз/sandwichtw

/tw/twotwintwentywh

/w/whitewheelwhat/h/whowhosewhomts

/ts/jacketskitesds

/dz/birds元音

a

e

i

o

u的發(fā)音規(guī)律

如果一個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞或音節(jié)里只有一個(gè)元音,且元音不在末尾，這個(gè)元音一般發(fā)短音.1）短元音：a[?]:bagcatmatmap

applebathatfanhandStanhappy2）短元音：e[e]：eggwellredpennethenbedbellbest3）短元音：i

[i]：licksixbibpigpinkiss

inkhill

4）短元音：o

[?]：pot

oxtopdogfoxboxlosttop短元音：u

[?]：sun

umbrellacupbusnutgun

uncle

under帶元音的特殊讀法雙元音ouowoioyew發(fā)音規(guī)律ou[au]mouth

outhousecountshoutmouse

ow[au]:clowncow

owltowelflowertowercrownbrownoi[?i]:coin

oilpointnoisepoisoncoilboilsoil

oy[?i]:oysterboy

soy

toyew[ju:]:new

nephew

newspaperfew

dew

view帶元音的特殊讀法雙元音areairireeareer發(fā)音規(guī)律are[??]:care

share

scare

dareair[??]:hair

air

repairire[ai?]:fire

wireear[i?]:near

tear

dear

clear

year

heareer[i?]:deer

beer

cheers

engineer

pioneer

volunteerorkmorning

or[?:]:workwormworldar[a:]:armcard

armcar

cartparkgardenfarm

ur[?:]:hurtturkeyturtlesurfingnursepursefurir[?:]:birthdaycircusdirtybirdcircledirtgirl

er[?:]:mermaidtermher

nerdserveear[?:]:learn

earn

earthheard

er[?]:sister

brother

marker

rooster

under

mother

winter帶元音的特殊讀法單元音auawooeaall發(fā)音規(guī)律au[?:]:augustsausagesaucenaughty

autumnapplause

aw[?:]:saw

paw

draw

straw

berrystraw

lawn※oo[u:]:moonzoo

roofroosterspoonroombootsfood

※oo[u]:bookcookiewoodswoolhooklookfootcookea[e]:headsweatersweatleatherfeatherlead

all[?:]：wall

fall

ball

call

tall帶元音的特殊讀法雙元音ouowoioyew發(fā)音規(guī)律ou[au]mouth

outhousecountshoutmouse

ow[au]:clowncow

owltowelflowertowercrownbrownoi[?i]:coin

oilpointnoisepoisoncoilboilsoil

oy[?i]:oysterboy

soy

toyew[ju:]:new

nephew

newspaperfew

dew

viewy在末尾(作為元音處理）：1）單音節(jié)詞,沒(méi)有其他元音，y發(fā)[