生物系實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告姓名班級(jí)學(xué)號(hào)實(shí)驗(yàn)日期2014.5.21科目實(shí)驗(yàn)名稱(chēng)MouseDissection合作者指導(dǎo)教師成績(jī)LAB10:MouseDissectionIntroduction:Inbiomedicalresearch,animalmodelsarealwaysregardedasindispensabletools.Theycontributetothescientificdiscoveryinbiologyandourunderstandingofthefunctionsofindividualgenes,eventhemechanismofdifferentdiseases.Typically,althoughmicearedifferentfromhumankindinsizeandappearance,theyhaveadistinctgeneticsimilarity.Atthesametime,micehaveanefficientabilitytoreproduce,sotheyareimportantresearchtoolsforexperimentsinthelab.Inthisexperiment,wewillexercisetodissectamouse,sothatwecanobservetheinsideofamammalianbodytoidentifythefemaleandmalemice.Learningandrecognizingtheanatomicalstructureofmice,including.MaterialsandMethods:Materials:Operationplate,Scissor,Forceps,Alcoholcotton,Mouse.Methods:[wegetamalemouse]Part1:Observationsofexternalfeatures.MakeatableT-1.Havinganoverheadview,identifythemouse’shead,neck,truck,andtail;observethedorsalandventralsurfaces.Roughlyrecordwhatisseen.Observethethoraxwhichissupportedbytheribcage,andtheabdomen,andthedetailsofappendagesattachedtotheabdomen.Findthemouth,twoexternalnostrils,twoexternalauditorycanals,andanus,whichareonthebodysurface.Haveasimplylookatthesurfaceofreproductiveorgan,prepuce,urethralandpenisincluding.Andlocatethesaclikescrotum;feelforthepairedtestesinthescrotum.Notetheroughfeatures.Part2:Observationoforgansandstructuresinsidethemouse.[OpentheVentralBodyCavities,ThoracicCavity,andAbdominopelvicCavityinorder.Wemustbreaktheribsneartheattachmenttothevertebralcolumntofoldbacktheupperflaps.]MakeatableT-2.VentralBodyCavities.=1\*alphabetica.Makealongitudinalincisionthroughtheskinwithadissectingscissor,fromthenecktothepreputialopening.Piercethebodywallbelowtheribs,withthebladesangledupward,sothatitwon’tdamagetheinternalorgans.b.Pullthesidesofthelongitudinalincision,andlookforthediaphragm.Thenmaketwoperpendicularcutsthroughthebodywallbelowthediaphragm.Afterthis,cutthediaphragmawayandseparatetheorgansofthethoraciccavity.Recordwhatareseenandthefeatures.2.ThoracicCavity.a.Afteropening,observetheheartandcutthethymusawaysothatwecanobservetheheartclearly.b.Makesurethelocationoflung,findthetracheaandbronchus.NotethefeaturesintableT-2.AbdominopelvicCavity.Observetheliverwhichisposteriortothediaphragm,lookforthegallbladder.Locatethestomach,andthenexaminethespleen.Notewherethesmallintestineis,andlookforthepancreas(cansecreteinsulin).Takephotosandrecordthefeatures.Findtheplacewheresmallintestineemptiesintolargeintestine.Observetheshortrectumwhichisneartoanus,andcecum.Separatetheesophagus,dorsalmesentery,andthedescendingportionofthelargeintestine.Givetheurinarybladder.Findtwokidneys,andtheurethraconnectedtothem,theureterstartfromthecentralofkidney.Examinetheorgansofthereproductivesystem.Usescissorstoopenthescrotumtoexposethetestis,andthenfindthecoiledepididymisandvasdeferens.Roughlyobserveamouseoftheoppositesex.Results:Part1:tableT-1Theresultsofobservationsofexternalfeatures[BasedonwhatareshowninFigure1-1and1-2].Theposition.Thefeatures.Head,neck,Truckandtail.Theheadofmouseisspindle,anditsneckistrappedbysofthair,thesametothetruck.Itstailcoversfewhairs,andishardbecauseitiscoveredscales.Wecanseethecoloroftail,whichisalittlepink.Dorsalandventralsurface,thoraxandabdomenincluding.Thewholemouseiscoveredwithsoftwhitehair.AfterdealingwithC2H5OH,thecolorofventralsurfaceshownalittleblack,thismaybecausedbythebloodinit.Thefourappendagesattachedtothetrunk.[limbs]Therearefivedigitsoneachappendage,nailalso.Andthereismeatpadonit.Theexternalreproductiveorgans.Thepinkskinwrapsupthetestis,andthepenis,prepuceareapparent.Wecanfeeltwohardsmallballsinthesaclikescrotum.Aswecansee,thebloodvesselsontheearareapparent,andthepenisiswrappedinprepuce.Thesaclikescrotumisoutsidethebody,andisneartoanusatthesametime.Part2:tableT-2Data:[AsshownintheseriesofpicturesFigure2].Observationoforgansandstructuresinsidethemouse.VentralBodyCavities.Diaphragm.Ahardpartitivemembrane.ThoracicCavity.Heartandthymus.AsshowninFigures,thethymusisyellowwhite,anditlocatesabovetheheart.Lung(fourpieces),tracheaandbronchus.Thetracheaiseasytobefoundbehindtheribs,andtheheartishiddenbehindthelung.Thethicktracheaturnstobebronchusatapoint.Esophagus.Itisnearthetrachea,it’salittlehardtofindit,hasacoloroflightgreen.AbdominopelvicCavity.Gallbladderandliver.Wehaven’tfindthegallbladder,itmaybecausethatwebreakitwhenoperating.Itishiddeninliver.Stomachandspleen.Thestomachisapparent,atthesightofright,andthespleenisnearthestomach,beneaththeliver.Pancreas.Pancreasisatthebottomofstomach,atthebeginningpartofsmallintestine,lookinglikefat.Smallintestine,largeintestine,andrectum,cecum.Thelargeintestineisshapedlikeanupside-downU,theshortrectumistheendingoflargeintestine.Thececumwhichattachedbyvermiformappendixconnectsthesmallintestineandlargeintestine.Urinarybladder,kidneys,ureter,andurethra.EachkidneylookslikeathickC,theurinarybladderandkidneyareconnectedbyureter.Theurethraconnectsthebladdertooutsurrounding.Adrenalgland.Awhitepartabovethekidney.Vasdeferensandtestis.Thevasdeferensconnectstheepididymiswiththeurethra.Thereiscoiledepididymisneareachtestis.Thethymusisimportantinthedevelopmentoftheimmunedefenses.Thebronchicancarryairfromthetracheatowardthelungs,duringtheprocessofinspiration.Thesmallintestineislongestorganinthebody,fillingmostoftheAbdominopelviccavity.Pancreasproducesenzymesforthedigestionoffoodand,asapartoftheendocrinesystem,itsecretesinsulinintotheblood.Thesystemoffemalemouseissimilartomaleweobserve,exceptthereproductiveorgans.Discussions:Question1:Howtodistinguishfemaleandmalemouse?Fromtheappearanceofexternalgenitalorgans,wecanrecognizethem,thedifferenceofpenisandvaginamouthisapparent.Besides,thefemalemousehasmanyvisiblenipplesandtheinternalstructuresarealsoeasytodistinguish.Question2:Listsomeorgansyouareabletorecognizeinsystemsincludingcirculatory,respiratory,digestive,urinaryandreproductivesystem.Circulatorysystem:heart,bloodvessels,lymph.Respiratorysystem:lungs,trachea,bronchus.Digestivesystem:stomach,spleen,pancreas,liver,gallbladder.Urinarysystem:kidney,ureter,urinarybladder.Reproductivesystem:penis,prepuce,saclikescrotum.References:/article/495ba8413be36138b30ede13.html/link?url=0rmCCGLBKZt3--XtPeTfAzxlE3TKwCkGpt9pNOCfExKwE_xen4UsnCPSEESJLYLa-uCgEjRaB17EuNGatXZr3q/link?url=ijiTYru5lEYl1NIVmt_oa8ahhUc5NMksycmM_FukfG80Fn7N6yt1GlD00RXaz4aBJIUH8YSM0sbyr_NWszwF3a/link?url=6e5jeclQ_pBDBEadBRpQrOXzQOTKXPP_fVYZ1UaYWVSVGsUtQg0BoDWUQ3hg_kHXnWmkmBYq0xf7M10V9Mnx5aContributionstatements:%%%isresponsibleforrecordingthephenomena,when%%%operatesthemouse,and%%%preparesthematerialsneeded.Figures: AnusHeadEarFootThoraxSaclikescrotumNeckMouthTailAnusHeadEarFootThoraxSaclikescrotumNeckMouthFigure1-1Figure1-2Theviewoftheventralsurfacetheviewofthedorsalsurface(belly)(back)Lung,4pieces.DiaphragmLung,4pieces.DiaphragmFigure2-1Figure2-2Figure2-3TheviewofmouseafterbeingThe