Unit3FOODANDCULTURELearningaboutlanguageP281.Findwordsfromthereadingpassagewhichhavesimilarmeaningstothewordsinitalics.1.We’llneedtenmonths

atleasttohavetherestaurantdecorated.2.SometraditionalChinesedishesfrombefore__theMingDynastyarestillpopulartoday.3.Mygrandpa’sbreakfastmainly

includes

wholegrainbiscuitsandaglassofmilk.consistsof斜體字ataminimunpriortowholewheatbreadhavesth.doneP281.Findwordsfromthereadingpassagewhichhavesimilarmeaningstothewordsinitalics.4.Peopleinthisareawould

eat

nearlyakiloofcheeseperweek.5.Weenjoyedaspecialdinnerinafancyrestaurantwherethewaitersallwore

attractivesuits.6.Heprefersthisbrandofcoffeewhich,ashesaid,hasanunusuallygood

flavour.consumeelegantexceptionalP282.Learnmoreaboutfoodsaroundtheworldbymatchingthefirstandsecondhalvesofthefollowingsentences.1.Italy,Greece,andSpainarefamousfortheirolives,figs,andotheringredients,2.Sheslicedoff3.AtraditionalWesterndinnercanconsistofA.apieceofsausageforherdinner.B.anappetizer,amaincourse,soup,anddessert.C.whichhaveallcontributedtocenturiesofcuisinedevelopment.P282.Learnmoreaboutfoodsaroundtheworldbymatchingthefirstandsecondhalvesofthefollowingsentences.Italy,Greece,andSpainarefamousfortheirolives,figs,andotheringredients,whichhaveallcontributedtocenturiesofcuisinedevelopment.contributeto導(dǎo)致，向...投稿，有助于contribution[c]n.貢獻(xiàn)，捐款，稿件Eatingtoomuchcontributestotheheartdiseaseandcauseshighbloodpressure.我呼吁每個(gè)人為建立低碳社會(huì)做貢獻(xiàn)。Iappealtoeveryonetomakecontributionstobuildingalow-carbonsociety.P283.Familiariseyourselfwithsomefoodidiomsbymatchingthemeaningontherightwiththecoloredwordsontheleft.mushroom→torapidlyincreaseinnumberrollindough→wealthypepper→toincludelargenumbersofsomethingP283.Familiariseyourselfwithsomefoodidiomsbymatchingthemeaningontherightwiththecoloredwordsontheleft.ahamactor→anactorwhoperformsbadly,espeicallybyoveremphasisingemotiomsahotpotato→anissuethatishardtodealwithbringhomethebacon→toearnone’slivingtosupportafamilyP283.Familiariseyourselfwithsomefoodidiomsbymatchingthemeaningontherightwiththecoloredwordsontheleft.apieceofcake→somethingthatisveryeasytodoasflatasapancake→completelyflatDiscoverusefulstructuresThepastperfecttense&The

pastperfectpassivevoice過(guò)去完成時(shí)&過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1.Observe觀察01

Observeanddiscussthefollowlingsentences.B.Bythetimethepolicemangottotheshop,thethiefhadrunaway.A.HongKonghadreturnedtoChinabeforeMacaocamebacktoChina.Q:InsentenceA,whichactionhappenedfirst,“return”or“cameback”?

Q:InsentenceB,whichactionhappenedfirst,“gotto”or“run”?presentpastfutureearlierpasthadreturnedcamebackhadrungottoPastperfect:

haddoneThepastperfecttenseisusedtotellanactivitydonebeforesomethinginthepast.Soitisusedinabackgroundofpast.2.過(guò)去完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)態(tài)Formandvoice時(shí)態(tài)：過(guò)去完成時(shí)語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)：haddone動(dòng)作：先發(fā)生連接詞Rereadthesentencesagain，payingattentiontotheuseofthepastperfecttenseandthepastperfectpassivevoice.

1.Thechefhadsetupafarm-to-tablerestaurantbeforehisnewcookbookwaspublished.連接詞時(shí)態(tài):一般過(guò)去時(shí)語(yǔ)態(tài):被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu):was/weredone動(dòng)作:后發(fā)生

時(shí)態(tài):過(guò)去完成時(shí)語(yǔ)態(tài):主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu):haddone動(dòng)作:先發(fā)生

Theirdinnerhadbeenfinished

bythetimeSamjoinedthem.連接詞時(shí)態(tài):一般過(guò)去時(shí)語(yǔ)態(tài):主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu):did動(dòng)作:后發(fā)生

時(shí)態(tài):過(guò)去完成時(shí)語(yǔ)態(tài):被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu):hadbeendone動(dòng)作:先發(fā)生

2TheyhadfinishedtheirdinnerbythetimeSamjoinedthem.Theirdinnerhadbeenfinished

bythetimeSamjoinedthem.

連接詞時(shí)態(tài):一般過(guò)去時(shí)語(yǔ)態(tài):主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu):did動(dòng)作:后發(fā)生

時(shí)態(tài):過(guò)去完成時(shí)語(yǔ)態(tài):主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu):haddone動(dòng)作:先發(fā)生

連接詞時(shí)態(tài):一般過(guò)去時(shí)語(yǔ)態(tài):主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu):did動(dòng)作:后發(fā)生

時(shí)態(tài):過(guò)去完成時(shí)語(yǔ)態(tài):被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu):hadbeendone動(dòng)作:先發(fā)生

過(guò)去完成時(shí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)態(tài)

主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)肯定形式haddonehadbeendone否定形式hadnotdonehadnotbeendone一般疑問(wèn)句had＋主語(yǔ)＋donehad＋主語(yǔ)＋beendone特殊疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)詞＋had＋主語(yǔ)＋done疑問(wèn)詞＋had＋主語(yǔ)＋beendone021句型轉(zhuǎn)換①Theyhadcleanedtheclassroombeforetheteachercame.→__________________________________________________(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))②Shehadfinishedwritingthecompositionby10：00thismorning.→_____________________________________________________________

(改為否定句)→_________________________________________________________(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)→____________________________________________________________(對(duì)句中主語(yǔ)she提問(wèn))Theclassroomhadbeencleanedbeforetheteachercame.Shehadnotfinishedwritingthecompositionby10：00thismorning.Hadshefinishedwritingthecompositionby10：00thismorning?Who

hadfinishedwritingthecompositionby10：00thismorning？3.過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法Theusageofthepastperfecttense(1)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作以前完成了的動(dòng)作,即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”?？梢杂胋y,before等介詞短語(yǔ)或一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表示。03Theusageofthepastperfecttensebefore(連詞/介詞)+

過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)“在...之前”by+過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)“到...為止”bytheendof+過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)“到...為止”bythetime+(一般過(guò)去時(shí))“到...為止”I________________(finish)readingthenovelbynineO'clocklastnight.We________________(learn)overtwothousandEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.They______________(plant)sixhundredtreesbeforelastWednesday.They___________(leave)beforewearrivedattheschool.

Breakfast___________________(serve)bythetimeIgotup.

ExamplesandExerciseshadfinishedhadlearnedhadplantedhadlefthadbeenserved(2)表示由過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻開始，一直延續(xù)到過(guò)去另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常和for，since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。I__________atthebusstopfor20minuteswhenabusfinallycame.Hesaidhe____________

(work)inthatfactorysince1949.hadbeenhadworkednowAB（3）某些動(dòng)詞可用過(guò)去完成時(shí),表過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的想法、希望、打算或意圖等。hopewishexpectthinkintendmeansupposeWehadhopedthatyouwouldcome,butyoudidn't.我們本希望你來(lái)，但你沒(méi)有來(lái)。Ihadthoughtthatyouwouldbecomeadoctor.我本以為你會(huì)成為醫(yī)生。It/This/Thatwasthe(first/second..)time+(that)+句子句子用“過(guò)去完成時(shí)”E.g.ItwasthesecondtimethatI_________(lose)thechance.Thiswasthefirsttimethathe___________(be)thewinner.1.那是某人第幾次做某事了。（4）過(guò)去完成時(shí)的常用句型試比較：Thatis

thefirsttimethatshe___________(visit)Beijing.

hadlosthadbeenhasvisitedIt/This/Thatwas

+形容詞最高級(jí)+n+that(+句子)句子用“過(guò)去完成時(shí)”E.g.ItwasthemostwonderfulsongthatI____________ever(hear).Thatwasthemostimportantfindingthat____________(prove).ThiswasoneoftheusefulbookesthatI______________(read).2.這是最....的hadheardhadbeenprovedhadread試比較：YouarethesweetestpersonIhaveevermet.hardly(scarcely/barely)..(haddone)..when..(從句用did)nosooner..(haddone)..than...(從句用did)注：主句用”haddone”,從句用“did”主句翻譯為“一...”,從句翻譯為“就...”若hardly/scarcely/barely/nosooner(否定詞)位于句首，則主句部分,用部分倒裝，即:had+主語(yǔ)+done…3.一...就e7d195523061f1c0f0ec610a92cff745ee13794c7b8d98f8E73673273C9E8BE17CC3D63B9B1D6426C348A354AD505654C28F453CD7C8F90EADD06C08281DAED7140E5AAAED5880ECE414DFB6A93B82BE019406867034C3A8500A4827DCF3FBF74A471B736410707E336A01C9ADC9BE02ACCB8DF2121D81636A067B8AE80C6AB6F014154F4E7B7247

總結(jié)聽了這個(gè)滑稽的故事，大家都哈哈大笑。Wehad

hardly/scarely

heardthefunnystorywhenweburst

intolaughter.Wehad

nosooner

heardthefunnystorythanweburstintolaughter.當(dāng)hardly,scarely,nosooner位于句首時(shí)，主句應(yīng)用部分倒裝升級(jí)為部分倒裝Hardly/Scarely

hadsbdonesthwhensbdidNosooner

hadsbdonesththan+sbdid

4用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣中1.IwishIhadtoldhimaboutit.2.HetalkedaboutRomeasifhehadbeenthere.3.Ifonlywehadenteredcollegelastyear！4.Ifithadn’tbeenforyourhelpyesterday,Icouldnothavecaughtthebus.5.Ifyouhadtakenmyadvicethen,youwouldnotbeintroublenow.對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬2單句語(yǔ)法填空①I_____________(intend)tocallonyoubutIwastoobusythen.②Wehurriedtothestationonlytofindthatthetrain_________(leave).③Aweekpassedwhensherealisedthattheparcel______________(send)tothewrongaddress.④Nosooner____

(have)theboyspokenthesewordsthanthewardenhithimontheheadwiththesoupspoon.⑤Itwasthebestfilmthat__________________(direct)byhim.⑥Itwasthefirsttimethatthey____________

(enjoy)suchawonderfulperformance.hadintendedhadlefthadbeensenthadhadbeendirectedhadenjoyedP292.Completethetwoconversationswiththecorrectformsofthewordsintheboxusingthepastperfecttenseorthepastperfectpassivevoice.cancel,eat,finish,get,taste,tell1.Carol:_____youever______anyScottishfoodbeforeyourtriptoSt.Andrewslastyear?Paul:No,notreally.ButI______________