專題一畫出下列句中的真正主語(yǔ)1.Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.2.Presentatthemeetingwereourheadmasterandmanyotherteachers.3.Itishardworkthatleadstosuccess.4.[2022全國(guó)乙卷改編]Helpingthenextgenerationtohaveahealthyandactivechildhoodisofgreatimportance.5.Ithasn’tbeendecidedyetwhentheywillstarttheirproject.答案1.Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudents

2.ourheadmasterandmanyotherteachers

3.hardwork

4.Helpingthenextgenerationtohaveahealthyandactivechildhood

5.whentheywillstarttheirproject

知識(shí)拓展巧妙學(xué)方法7種常見的句子結(jié)構(gòu)(1)主謂:主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(SV)

例:He

left.(2)主系表:主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)(SVP),也作主(系)表(SP)

例:He

was

busy.(3)主謂賓:主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)(SVO)

例:She

studies

English.(4)主謂賓補(bǔ):主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(SVOC)

例:He

painted

theroom

blue.

(5)主謂賓賓:主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)(SVIODO)

例:Thewaiter

brought

me

acupoftea.

(6)主謂狀:主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+狀語(yǔ)(SVA)

例:They

work

hard.(7)主謂賓狀:主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+狀語(yǔ)(SVOA)

例:We

like

thefilm

verymuch.

知識(shí)拓展基本概念主語(yǔ)是一個(gè)句子所敘述的主體。句中位置陳述句中放在句首或謂語(yǔ)之前,但在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)、主語(yǔ)不是疑問(wèn)詞的疑問(wèn)句和倒裝句中,位于謂語(yǔ)、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面。表現(xiàn)形式名詞(短語(yǔ))、代詞、數(shù)詞、動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))、動(dòng)詞-ing(短語(yǔ))、the+形容詞以及從句等。典型例句Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusic

hasbecomemoreandmorepopular.(名詞短語(yǔ))WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.(代詞)One-thirdaregirls.(數(shù)詞)Toswiminthepoolisagreatpleasure.(不定式短語(yǔ))Smokingdoesharmtoyourhealth.(動(dòng)詞-ing)Therichshouldhelpthepoor.(the+形容詞)WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.(主語(yǔ)從句)Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.(It作形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)為后面的不定式)選出下列句子或主句謂語(yǔ)的中心詞1.Thewholeworldspokeonlyonelanguagemanyyearsago.A.world B.spoke C.language D.years2.Goodhabitsformedinchildhoodmakeallthedifference.A.habits B.formed C.make D.difference3.Whatyoulearnatschoolplaysaveryimportantpartinshapingyourbehaviour.A.learn B.plays C.part D.shaping4.Ratherthancuttingoutthefoods,Iaddedhealthyfoodstomymeals.A.Rather B.cutting C.out D.added5.Spendingtoomuchtimeonlinemakesitverydifficulttofocusonotherthingsinlife.A.Spending B.makes C.difficult D.focus答案1.B

2.C

3.B

4.D

5.B

知識(shí)拓展什么是謂語(yǔ)?基本概念謂語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作、特征或狀態(tài)等,一般由動(dòng)詞擔(dān)任,其人稱和數(shù)必須與主語(yǔ)一致,有時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和語(yǔ)氣變化。句中位置一般在主語(yǔ)后(疑問(wèn)句、倒裝句除外)。表現(xiàn)形式動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形、某些動(dòng)詞(如happen,fail,seem等)+不定式、系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)等。典型例句Hehascaughtacold.(動(dòng)詞)Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.(情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形)Ifailedtoinviteallmyfriendshere.(某些動(dòng)詞+不定式)Wearestudents.(系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ))選出下列句中的賓語(yǔ)

答案1.D

2.D

3.C

4.A

5.C

知識(shí)拓展什么是賓語(yǔ)?基本概念表示動(dòng)作、行為的對(duì)象或承受者,分為動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)和介詞賓語(yǔ)兩大類。動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)包括直接賓語(yǔ)、間接賓語(yǔ)、雙重賓語(yǔ)等。句中位置一般在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后;間接賓語(yǔ)通常放在直接賓語(yǔ)前,也可在其后,但此時(shí)前面須加介詞to或for;直接賓語(yǔ)為人稱代詞時(shí),間接賓語(yǔ)一般后置。表現(xiàn)形式名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、the+形容詞、不定式(短語(yǔ))、動(dòng)詞-ing(短語(yǔ))、從句等。典型例句Youcanleaveyourpetwithmewhiletravelling.(名詞)Hegavemesomegoodadvice.(代詞,名詞)Pleasetakethemtothewaitingroom.(代詞)Theyonlyboughtthree.(數(shù)詞)He’salwayshelpingthepoor.(the+形容詞)Herefusedtodoit.(不定式短語(yǔ))Tomlikesplayingfootball.(動(dòng)詞-ing短語(yǔ))Idon’tknowiftheplanewillarriveontime.(從句)選出下列句中的表語(yǔ)

答案1.D

2.B

3.D

4.C

5.B

知識(shí)拓展什么是表語(yǔ)?基本概念與系動(dòng)詞連用,一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語(yǔ),說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、特征、身份、類別、狀態(tài)等。句中位置一般位于系動(dòng)詞(如be,become,get,look,seem,turn等)之后。表現(xiàn)形式名詞(短語(yǔ))、代詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式(短語(yǔ))、動(dòng)詞-ing(短語(yǔ))、分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、從句等。典型例句OurEnglishteacherisanAmerican.(名詞短語(yǔ))Isityours?(代詞)Theweatherhasturnedcold.(形容詞)Thespeechisexciting.(分詞)Threetimessevenistwentyone.(數(shù)詞)HisjobistoteachEnglish.(不定式短語(yǔ))Hishobbyisplayingfootball.(動(dòng)詞-ing短語(yǔ))Themachinemustbeoutoforder.(介詞短語(yǔ))Timeisup.Theclassisover.(副詞)Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.(表語(yǔ)從句)選出下列句中的定語(yǔ)

答案1.B

2.A

3.B

4.B

5.D

知識(shí)拓展什么是定語(yǔ)?基本概念定語(yǔ)為句子的次要成分,起修飾限制名詞或代詞的作用,可分為前置定語(yǔ)和后置定語(yǔ)。表現(xiàn)形式一般由代詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))、分詞(短語(yǔ))或從句等充當(dāng)。典型例句Hisfatherisadoctor.(代詞)Mr.Greenhastwosons.(數(shù)詞)ThegirlunderthetreeisKate.(介詞短語(yǔ))Themandownstairscouldn’tsleepwell.(副詞)Iboughtanewdictionary.(形容詞)Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?(不定式)Amangoingtodieisalwayskind-hearted.(動(dòng)詞-ing短語(yǔ))Hewasateacherrespectedbyallhisstudents.(動(dòng)詞-ed短語(yǔ))DoyouknowthemanwhoisstandingnexttoMr.Green?(定語(yǔ)從句)選出下列句中的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

答案1.C

2.D

3.C

4.D

5.B

知識(shí)拓展什么是補(bǔ)語(yǔ)?基本概念補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)的意義、狀態(tài)等,分別叫作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。句中位置賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)通常置于賓語(yǔ)之后,主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)通常置于主語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)之后。表現(xiàn)形式名詞(短語(yǔ))、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式(短語(yǔ))、分詞(短語(yǔ))等。典型例句Wecallthemmooncakes.(賓補(bǔ),名詞)Ifounditdifficulttolearnmaths.(賓補(bǔ),形容詞)Weshowedhimaround.(賓補(bǔ),副詞)Themachinewasfoundinabadstate.(主補(bǔ),介詞短語(yǔ))Thefactorywasorderedtobeclosed.(主補(bǔ),不定式短語(yǔ))Hewasseenopeningthewindow.(主補(bǔ),動(dòng)詞-ing短語(yǔ))Hehasjusthadhishaircut.(賓補(bǔ),動(dòng)詞-ed)選出下列句中的狀語(yǔ)

答案1.D

2.A

3.D

4.C

5.D

知識(shí)拓展什么是狀語(yǔ)?基本概念英語(yǔ)中的狀語(yǔ)用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子。表現(xiàn)形式由副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式、分詞短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng),或由連詞引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句,表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、程度、目的、方式、比較、讓步、條件、原因、結(jié)果等。典型例句Ioftengetupat5:30inthemorning.(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))PandasonlyliveinChina.(地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))

Shegotupearlysothatshecouldcatchthefirstbus.(目的狀語(yǔ))Nomatterwhathappens