第第頁人教版（2023）必修第三冊Unit3DiverseCulturesDiscoveringUsefulStructures課件(共36張PPT)(共36張PPT)

Unit3DiverseCultures

Discoveringusefulstructures

1.TounderstandtheuseofellipsisinEnglish

2.Toapplywhatwelearninthisperiodtoexercises

Learningaims1’:

省略(Ellipsis)

【情境探究】

Lead-in1’:

1.Lookatthefollowingsentences,andsaywhichoneisbetterwhy

Mikesaidthathewouldcometoschooltoseemethenextday,buthedidn’tcometoschooltoseemethenextday.

Mikesaidthathewouldcometoschooltoseemethenextday,buthedidn’t.

避免重復(fù),減少累贅

Ellipsis

①Sorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.

②Seenthemoviebefore

(I’m)sorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.

(Haveyou)seenthemoviebefore

連接緊密，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊

強(qiáng)調(diào)重點(diǎn)，突出信息

2.Addwordswhichhavebeenleftoutandrewritethesentences.

③Johnwasthewinnerin1994andBobin1998.

④--Whatdidyoudoyesterday

--Justslept.Nothingelse.

Johnwasthewinnerin1994andBob(wasthewinner)in1998.

--(I)justslept.(Idid)nothingelse.

定義

為了使語言簡潔或避免重復(fù),省略句子中的一個或幾個句子成分,這種語法現(xiàn)象稱為省略。按照省略的部分可分為句子成分的省略和詞的省略。

結(jié)合上面的對話完成句子

1.While_______(iron)clothes,MissGoodaccidentally

touchedtheiron.

2.Removeclothingusingscissors__________(如果有

必要的話)unlessitisstucktotheburn.

ironing

ifnecessary

GuidingQuestions

一、簡單句中的省略

1.省略主語祈使句中主語通常省略

(You)shutup.

Soundslikeagoodidea.

(It)soundslikeagoodidea.

點(diǎn)撥精講:

Shutup.

2.省略主謂或主謂語的一部分

Gotanyink

3.省略賓語

Thisway,please.

（Youcome)thisway,please.

（Haveyou)gotanyink

--DoyouknowMissGao

--Idon’tknow(her).

4.省略表語

--Areyouthirsty？

--Yes,Iam.

Yes,Iam(thirsty).

1.若主語或賓語相同，省略共同的主語或賓語。

Tompickedupabookonthefloorand(Tom)handedittohisteacher.

JackmusthavebeenplayingfootballandMary(musthavebeen)doingherhomework.

二、并列句中的省略

2.若主語不同，省略后面謂語部分相同的系動詞、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞。

3.若主語與謂語動詞相同，則省略后面的主謂成分。

Hisadvicemademehappy,but(hisadvicemade)Jimangry.

Hehasaknowledgeoffirstaidbuthisfrienddoesn’t(haveaknowledgeoffirstaid).

4.若主語不同，但主要動詞及后續(xù)部分相同，則省略主要動詞及后續(xù)部分。

1.狀語從句的省略。

①Woodgivesoffmuchsmokewhileburning.

三、復(fù)合句中的省略

while(itis)burning.

②Wheneverpossible,theywouldstophimandaskhimthethreequestions.

Whenever(itis)possible,

⑴在when,while,if,asif,though,although,as,until,once,whether,unless,whenever等連接的狀語從句中，當(dāng)從句主語與主句主語相同且謂語中含有系動詞be或從句的主語為it時，則從句主語和be動詞常被省略。

③Theydon’tusemorewaterthanitisnecessary.

④HerunsasfastasBobruns.

⑵在than,as等引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句中可以全部或部分省略。

⑤Afterhalfanhour,shebecamequieterthanshehadbeen.

()

()

(

)

找出以下句子當(dāng)中可以省略的部分。

2.定語從句的省略。

①Theexactyear(which/that)AngelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas2023.

②Heistheman(whom)theyassumetobeextremelyrich.

⑴在限制性定語從句中，作賓語用的關(guān)系代詞which,that,whom可以省略。（但whom,which緊跟在介詞后時不能省略）。

③ThefirminwhichDickworkedhasgonebankrupt.

⑵修飾way的關(guān)系詞that/inwhich可以省略。

④Thewayhespeakstousisreallyannoying.

(inwhich)

(that)

(/)

3.賓語從句的省略。

①Itrulybelievethatbeautycomesfromwithin.

②Hesaidthatthetextwasveryimportantandthatweshouldlearnitbyheart.

⑴及物動詞后接賓語從句時，連接詞that一般可以省略；但如果及物動詞接兩個或兩個以上that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時，那么只有第一個that可以省略。

()

()

④IknowthatamoviestarwillcometoourcitybutIdon’tknowwhenhewillcometoourcity.

⑤Pleasepassmeoneofthesebooks,Idon’tcarewhichyoupassme.

⑵when,where,which,how和why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句有時可以僅保留引導(dǎo)詞。

()

()

找出以下句子當(dāng)中可以省略的部分。

1.動詞不定式的省略。

①Youcan’tforcehimtoanswerthequestionifhe’snotreadytoanswerthequestion.

四、其他省略情況

⑴當(dāng)不定式在形容詞afraid,anxious,eager,glad,happy,ready,willing等后作狀語時，to后的內(nèi)容常省略。

()

①WeoftenhearhersinganEnglishsongintheclassroom.

②SheisoftenheardtosinganEnglishsongintheclassroom.

⑵使役動詞，如make,let,have等和感官動詞，如see,watch,notice,observe,hear等后面作賓補(bǔ)的不定式須省略to，但若這些動詞用于被動語態(tài)，則to不省略。

(被動語態(tài))

①Helikestoswimmorethan(to)skate.

②Hebelievesitimportanttostudyratherthantomakefriends.

⑶并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符號to。但若兩個不定式之間表示對比關(guān)系時，則不能省略to。

(比較)

①

②

⑷當(dāng)不定式在某些動詞后作賓語時，?？墒÷?。常見的動詞有agree,afford,expect,forget,hope,know,manage,pretend,remember,refuse,want,wish,wouldlike等。

--Willyougowithme

--Well,I’dliketo(gowithyou).

--Haveyoueverbeentotheseaside

--No,wecan’taffordto(gototheseaside).

①Allhecoulddowasnothingbutwaitandsee.

②Wehadnoalternativebuttowait.

⑸介詞but,except前有實(shí)義動詞do的某種形式時，后面的不定式不帶to。

①Theydidn’tvisittheirparentsasmuchastheyoughttovisittheirparents.

⑹當(dāng)不定式在begoingto,beableto,haveto,oughtto,usedto后作復(fù)合謂語時，不定式可省略。

()

②Hedidn’tcome,butheoughttohave.

③--Areyouafarmer

--No,butIusedtobe.

(come)

(afarmer)

Attention：省略的不定式內(nèi)容若含有作助動詞用的have或be的任何形式時，to后要保留原形的have或be。

補(bǔ)全以下句子當(dāng)中可以省略的部分。

2.使用so,not等時的省略。

在英語中，可以用so,not或其他方式來省略上文或問句中的一部分或整個句子。

--Canyoufinishyourworktoday

--(我認(rèn)為能。)

--(我認(rèn)為不能。)

Ithinkso.

Idon’tthinkso./Ithinknot

Attention：hope,guess,beafraid的否定形式只能用not的形式，不能用not…so的形式。

3.介詞的省略。

一些與動詞、名詞或形容詞搭配的介詞常?？梢允÷?。常見的結(jié)構(gòu)有:

①havedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth

②bebusy(in)doingsth

③spendsometime(in)doingsth

④stop/preventsb(from)doingsth

⑤Thereisnosense/point(in)doingsth

課堂小結(jié)2’:

Findthesentencesinactivity1inthisunit

anddiscussthefollowingquestionsinpairs.

①Whyuseellipsisinsentences

②Whatsentenceelementsareomitted

TheyareMexican

Ilovenachos,too

it’sthefoodofmanydifferent

cultures,andtheyareallinonedish

Thereisarealmixofcultureshere!

Can'twaittogothere！

Clearmeaninginthecontext,avoidrepetition,makethestructuremorecompact,makethefocusmoreprominent.

Subject,predicate,object.

Rewritethesesentencesandtakeoutthe

unnecessaryparts.

1YoumeanyouareplanningatripacrosstheAtlanticforaholidayItsoundslikeagoodidea.

2Hetriedtosolvehisfinancialproblems,butcouldn'tsolvetheproblems.

3Ifitisnecessary,I'llfinishmyreportonAmericanpoetryassoonasitispossible.

4AreyougoingtodresslikethatWearingadressmightbebetterthanwearingjeansandboots.

5Somewildmushroomsarepoisonousandsomearenotpoisonous.

6Ireallylikethatpaperfoldingbookandmysonlikethatpaperfoldingbook,too.

Rewritethefollowingsentenceswithellipsisstructure.

①WhenhewasinAmerica，hemademanyfriendswithstudentsfromdifferentcountries.

→_______________，hemademanyfriendswithstudentsfromdifferentcountries.

②Hewon’tattendthepartyevenifheisinvited.

→Hewon’tattendtheparty_____________．

③Mistakes，ifthereareany，shouldbecorrected.

→Mistakes，_______，shouldbecorrected.

WheninAmerica

evenifinvited

ifany

Rewritethefollowingsentenceswithellipsisstructure.

④—Shallwehaveatesttomorrow

—Ihopewewon’thaveatesttomorrow.

→—Shallwehaveatesttomorrow

—__________．

⑤Thebookthatheborrowedyesterdayiswellworthreading.

→_____________________________iswellworthreading.

Ihopenot

Thebookheborrowedyesterday

1.Everyeveningafterdinner,ifnot___fromwork,Iwillspendsometimewalkingmydog.

A.beingtiredB.tiring

C.tiredD.tobetired

2.YouandIcouldhardlyworktogether,____

A.couldyouB.couldn’tI

C.couldn’tweD.couldwe

當(dāng)堂檢測10’:

3.Distinguishedguestsandfriends,welcome

toourschool.____theceremonyofthe50thAnniversarythismorningareouralumni（校友）fromhomeandabroad.

A.AttendB