ArcGis區(qū)域經(jīng)緯度擬合一、ArcMap導(dǎo)入矢量圖?shp存儲的是幾何要素的的空間信息，也就是XY坐標(biāo).shx存儲的是有關(guān)*.shp存儲的索引信息。它記錄了在*.shp中，空間數(shù)據(jù)是如何存儲的，XY坐標(biāo)的輸入點在哪里，有多少XY坐標(biāo)對等信息?dbf存儲地理數(shù)據(jù)的屬性信息的dBase表這三個文件是一個shapefile的基本文件。打開一幅矢量圖，只要打開.shp文件，兩個方法：方法1：點擊adddata,然后選擇.shp文件；方法2：直接將.shp文件拖拽至ArcMap中打開;導(dǎo)入矢量圖后如下圖所示：S<無標(biāo)題—Arclap-ArcinfoSelection.Selection.FileEditViewBoolmiu-ksInsertGeoprocessingCustomizeWindowsHelp□凸凰卷itiBxgc步“河両—~Hie圉③國鬲口冋曰園訂圃阿廠可|壓硒晶jb題Q針o：：氏斤觀?蒿曲體畀硬三TableOfContents匡]9◎勒圄-^3Layers

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日HAdminBouiidaryArcToolboxAi'cToolboi:國3DAnalystTools-AnalysisTools日"髦！ExtractII|氣Clip”氣SelectIII\Split；…氣TableSelectE]-^^OverlayiErase:::jP：IdentityIntersect:"SpatialJoin■,tSymmetricalDi￡Eerence*.、、Union[…氣UpdateS-J^!ProximityStatist!csCartographyToolsConversionToolsDataInteroperabi1ityToolsDataManagementTools尉EditingToolsGeocodingToolsEGeostatisticalAiialystTools國”'1^^LinearReferencingToolsHuLtidimensionTools唏IIetworkArvalyatTools區(qū)1Results1ArcToolbos[lcahalog--^search一31875.218-25529.831eters二、確定焦點，選取所需行政區(qū)劃例如，我們只需要奉賢區(qū)的數(shù)據(jù)，要將焦點定位于奉賢區(qū)，有兩種方法：方法1:知道奉賢區(qū)位于矢量圖的哪塊區(qū)域，右擊圖層上該區(qū)域位置，選擇SelectFeatures；:璽國阿痘閏圃劉圃圜阿'3:璽國阿痘閏圃劉圃圜阿'3龜爛，TableOfContent!-自Layers

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鑿？ExtractClipEl-TableSelect:si±???Data[±]-DataGei±1易IdentityIntersectSpatialJoinSjinmetricalBifference\、UpdatwProximityStatist!csCartographyToolsC0riversionToolsInteroperabilityToolsManagementToolsEditingTools■ocodirigToolsGe0statiwticalAii：alystToolsLinearReferencingToolsMuitidimensionToolsNetworkAnalystToolsIdentify...ZoomToSelectedFeatureiMFailToSelectedFeaturesClearSelectedFeaturesPasteCtrl+￥DataFrameFroperties...catalog一-^search-*無標(biāo)題—Arclap-ArcinfoFileEditViewBoohnarksInsertSelection.GeoprocessingCustomizeWindowsHelp3］疋園N常屜匸1卜3］疋園N常屜匸1卜Resuits|[j^JArcToolboi-i434.346-38516.279Meters方法2：不知道［奉賢區(qū)］位于哪塊，僅知道名稱，則在TableOfContents中右鍵該圖層，選擇OpenAttributeTable，打開數(shù)據(jù)表在打開的表中，單擊SelectByAttributesTable(0outof18Selected)AdminBouritlary(0outof18Selected)AdminBouritlary圄圄▼崔▼AdiriinEouridai'y?FID0ae丄eciaySnape~*PolyEon.2AREA300204873.405PERIMETER122213.104SH_DI￥_3SH_DI￥_ID2DIT_ID113ZFZK163.46ZFZI20.76T_SIM&LE6012216M_SIHCLE604448F_SIHCLE607768DOUBLE6020326HTZK1201(1PolyEon.3458197088.873155401.5954311488.260.8491523056609613853116^2PolyEon.5531643318.326163446.7766511566.010.752616787171745042823404；3Pol7gon7B0525473.2923581B.4518711044.390.5714301541388882055B266(4PolyEon.829198593.19731075.1929810843.860.5696783730594811841138E5PolyEon.923499039.02926024.30310910344.720.58115894149744014474157<6PolyEon.1054980879.29956070.139111010747.010.58107704170660016503202(7PolyEon.11676185513.381248039.164121111896.230.8162662112415489917618Po17con12372366355.196189842.649131211268460.73106064089651717477224；9PolyEon.1337215075.68137743.731141310548.010.5977702940483012238138<10PolyEon.144537517.10510208.039151410128.610.45339113222069306835(11PolyEon.157592111.71112575.374161510639.130.54521518773338549355c12PolyEon.178017448.64814520.91181710338.230.52562921113518539863E13Pol/Eon1855098222.78945301.188191810450.660.62113484471687716680233<14PolyEon.19693627974.455190587.4262019225104.791.23206955293154022605486(15PolyEon.20604811468.795206268.025212011799.560.877681281248691084281(16PolyEon.21702769850.519132209.493222122694.131.1410910309078201681476117PolyEon.22590473044.633211617.7772322116120.171.03536219423420828158E在彈出的窗口中，分別在1區(qū)域和2區(qū)域，選擇列名和屬性，生成的查詢語句在下方區(qū)域自動顯示，確認(rèn)；如要進(jìn)行多選，則添加or語句，如："區(qū)"='奉賢區(qū)'or"區(qū)"='黃浦區(qū)'；結(jié)果如圖所示：被選中的區(qū)域，圖層區(qū)域邊界會以高亮顯示|??如要進(jìn)行多選，則添加or語句，如："區(qū)"='奉賢區(qū)'or"區(qū)"='黃浦區(qū)'；結(jié)果如圖所示：被選中的區(qū)域，圖層區(qū)域邊界會以高亮顯示|??無標(biāo)題1ArcMap~~Arclirfo"FileEditViewBookmarksInsertSelectionGeoprocessingCustomizeWindowsHelp□凸IS導(dǎo)囲曙G<t>F|1：516..658三］疋園③隔圖口技H?-I三］龜愆〒TableOfContents-目L&rer:-0~□A'iniinBoimdaryArcToclboxAi'cToolboi:+3DAnalystTools-Analyw；白參ExirdwntityIntersectSpatialJoin5vTTimetric：alDifference曰蒼PahlSelectiS-iximityStatisticsCartographyTools國…CnversionTools+唏DataTnteroperabilityTools田DataManagementTools田-EditingToolsGeocodingToolsGe0statistic：alAnalystTools￡］-LinearReferencingToola田MultidimensionToolslletworkknalystToolsKesults|ArcToolboi:Ca"alog一-11^Search一三、對選中區(qū)域生成新的圖層在區(qū)域被選中（邊界高亮）的情況下，在TableOfContents中右鍵該圖層，選擇Data->ExportDataTableOfContentsElOLayer:

日0口AdminBouridaryjArcToolboxElOLayer:

日0口AdminBouridaryjArcToolboxArcToolboxS]3DAnalystT<SAnalysisToo]EiExtract\ciipSelect\Split、TableOverlayEraseIdentiIntersSpatia、SymmetUnionUpdateProximity0X■CopyRemoveOpenAttributeTableJoinsandRelatesZoomToLayerZoomToMakeVisibleVisibleScaleRangeUseSymbolLevelsSelectionLabelFeaturesEditFeaturesConvertLabelstoAnnot&t.iort...ConvertE^aturestoGraphics...ConvertSymbologytoRepresentation..DataOSaveAsLayerFile...QCreateLayerPackage...吁Properti.es...nExportData...ExporttoCAB...MakeFei'manentViewItemDescription...Review/RematchAddresses...彈出的窗口中，主要選擇彈出的窗口中，主要選擇Selectedfeatures,點OK確認(rèn);生成合并圖層后,layer?生成合并圖層后,layer?選Y；取消顯示原圖層,會問：Doyouwanttoaddtheexporteddatatothemapasa合并結(jié)果如下圖所示:象象無標(biāo)題-Arclap—Arclnf□FileEditViewBookmarksInsertSelectionGeoprocessingCustomizeWindowsHelp□藝FileEditViewBookmarksInsertSelectionGeoprocessingCustomizeWindowsHelp□藝IS導(dǎo)it曙G3|1：285.,0443疋圉③聲風(fēng)口技*?5\2龜>題Q針6濃"拿■?]御▼巴h?'眞丨誌腔體畀丨圖圖盒TableOfContentsEl自Layers-0—口-□A'iriiriBoixriiary口E::port_0utput_3scaRalog一一^search-71田“[a-1田“[a-El總Dats+1Dats田對3Ge，+殆ArcToolboxAi'cToolboi:+3DAnalystToolsEl"^^AnalysisToolsE]-^^Extract|-Aciip：Select、氣SplitTableSelectOverlay:Erase:Identity汁C驚Intersecti-SpatialJoin■.,SjinmetricialDifference：■■■*^UnionL%Update毬？Proximity鸞aStatist!csCartographyToolsC0riversionToolsTnteroperabilityToolsManagementToolsEditingToolsiocodingToolsGeostatisticalAnalystToolsLinearReferencingToolsfibxLtidimensionToolslletworkknalystTools1^1KesultzAi-cToolboi:

四、對圖層進(jìn)行坐標(biāo)系轉(zhuǎn)換選擇ArcToolBox->DataManagementTools->PorjectionsandTransformations->Feature->ProjectrojectrojectInputLatasetorFeatureClass|Ekport0utput3InputCoordinateSystem(optiun：=Ll)|shLocalCoordinate|shLocalCoordinateDiitputIIatasetofFeatm-Class|C:III口cijiti已nts：and2已11ings''lAiIitiinistrator''i.MyDociuti已nAsVkrc'GISIDefault.gdbVExport0utput3Proj已匚11DiitputCoordinatwSystwin|G：SWGSrd84GeographicTrarLsformation(optiun：=il)OKCancelEnvironm皂nt￡..?|ShowHelp>>InputDataset選要轉(zhuǎn)換的圖層OutputCoordinateSystem選擇WGS84坐標(biāo)系確認(rèn)，生成新的圖層在圖層的顯示區(qū)，右鍵->DataFrameProperties->General->Display，下拉選擇DegreesMinutesSeconds，這樣主界面右下角即以經(jīng)緯度的格式顯示。k無標(biāo)題-"c?ap-AcclnfoFileEditViewBooknarksInsertSelection.GeoprocessingCustomizeWindowsHelp□凸ia導(dǎo)這蘭魁x刁如申：叱的~m營③辱師口護(hù)i」？國訂^]|ioo%□OLayers|Ex”ort_Clutput_3_FFojweti口-□OLayers|Ex”ort_Clutput_3_FFojweti口-□Esport_0utput_3口-□Adniinlioiindary口scakalog--^search-7ArcToolboxDataComparisonIatabaseDistributwdGeodatabase￡]-ArcToolboxDataComparisonIatabaseDistributwdGeodatabase￡]-鸞jDomains田鳥FeatureClassFeaturesEk倉FieldsFileGeodatabaseE乘GeneralGeneraliration田…鸞jGraphIndexesS'JoinsE乘Lij-ers:mdTable￥iews田…鸞5PackagearidTrarisformati?③BatchProject?③BatchProject%ProjectConvertCoordinateHotati■■.,CreateCustomGeographic*：、CreatwSpati：■■.,CreateCustomGeographic*：、CreatwSpati：ilReference*.：、DefineProject!on田…鸞？RasterF.elatioiishipClasses抵？Subtypes[^Results1ArcToolbosdH|121"4F3Q.Qgg"E3Q°5F5T.41TN|五、建立Fishnet（網(wǎng)格）圖層選擇ArcToolBox->DataManagementTools->FeatureClass->CreateFishnetTop、Bottom、Right、Left為畫網(wǎng)格圖層的矩形范圍，填入數(shù)值為經(jīng)緯度Width和Height為高寬NumberofRows和NumberofColumns為行數(shù)和列數(shù)，分別用Top與BottomTop、Bottom、Right、Left為畫網(wǎng)格圖層的矩形范圍，填入數(shù)值為經(jīng)緯度Width和Height為高寬NumberofRows和NumberofColumns為行數(shù)和列數(shù)，分別用Top與Bottom差除Height、Left與Right差除Width得到；點擊OK后，生成新的圖層；雲(yún)無標(biāo)題-Arclap—Arclnf□FileEditViewBookmarksInsertSelectionGeoprocessingCustomizeWindowsHelp□芒昭導(dǎo)??GC杏+|1：285.,289三]疋園③聲圖口沖*?壬\耳龜B-蛙2斟0丨黠*丨"*丨耀”岡丨*?捫眞丨誌丨H體釦⑥丨廚庖TableOfContents冒9?妙I(lǐng)B-旨Layers￡is}tnet_label-0fislmet日HEirport_0utput_3_Frojectl□日□Eiiport_0utput_3口-□Adniinlioiindary口ArcToolbox[±]C0riversionTols刊DataInteroperabilityTool:BataMariagementTools

DataCompai'ison曲屜DatabaseEl&DistributwdGeodatabase13DomainsFeatureClass|@'%lFeatui'es1a-^!FieldsEl&FileGeodataLaseGeneralGeneralirationGraph曲屜IndexesE卜竜!Joins田鳥LayersandTable￥iewsPackage-F'rojecti_ioris:aiidTr：arisfi：irmatioris騎3FeatureBatchProjactProjectConvertCordinateHotationCreatwCustomGeographicTr：ms:CreatwSpatialReferenceDefineProjection1^1Kesuits|[j^|ArcToolboi:?1^catalog一一Search一7121°27J43.007wE30°55J26.369*"H此時我們也許什么都看不到，需要對新生成的圖層進(jìn)行第四節(jié)中提到的WGS84坐標(biāo)系轉(zhuǎn)換，之后即可對原區(qū)域形成Fishnet覆蓋，如下圖所示：欽.無標(biāo)題-Arclap-AcclnfoFileEditViewBooknarksInsertSelection.GeoprocessingCustomizeWindowsHelp□已hi導(dǎo)拿蘭逼xi勻c如申：叱的—m圉③厚1?口m園x?|ioo%型Q割10：：兀*劇▼圖*?凰佇曲體畀囲三TableOfContents岡0?④圏-OLayers日HfisTinetJabel_Projecscakalog一II￡ishnet_label-H￡is}inet_Projact-|~|fislmet-□|Ex”ort_0、jXput_3_F:rojec11TableOfContents岡0?④圏-OLayers日HfisTinetJabel_Projecscakalog一II￡ishnet_label-H￡is}inet_Projact-|~|fislmet-□|Ex”ort_0、jXput_3_F:rojec11Ai'>:Toolbox□I_IExnortOutnut3鸞!FeatureKesuits|ArcToolboi:ConversionToolsDataIriteroperabilityToolsEJ"^^DataManagementTools13??鑿jDataComp田-鑿jDatabase13DistributedGeodatabas心sDomains田毎Featui'eClassS"J^<FeaturesEl-竜！Fields田鳥FileGeodatabaseGeneralGeiier：alizationE卜竜!Graph田鳥IndexesEk辱！Joins田毎Layersarid.TableVi13??鸞3Fackage-竜！Projectioris:mdTr；msfi：irmatiJiatehProject■■；：%ProjectRasterConvertCoordinateITotatiCreateCustomGeographicTransCreateSpatialReferenceDefineFrojecti]上I121"36J43.31TWE30°56J59.2rN六、在Fishnet點陣表中生成經(jīng)緯度列打開點陣圖層的數(shù)據(jù)表，TableOption->AddField新建兩列，分別命名為：X、Y,數(shù)據(jù)類型選Float；全選X歹U，在列頭右鍵-'CalculateGeometry->Property選擇XCoordinateofPoint，確認(rèn)后X列生成X坐標(biāo)；同理將Y列生成Y坐標(biāo)七、根據(jù)區(qū)域形成經(jīng)緯度擬合選擇ArcToolBox—>AnalysisTools—>0verlay—>Intersect在I叩utFeatures中選擇Fishnet點陣圖層和區(qū)域圖層FealuresJuirLks￡iFealuresJuirLks￡islmet_l在bel_F:rDject2Ewport_0utput_3_Projectl?丨JJdOutputFeatureClasspHPUTOKCancelEnvironm