非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：提示詞為動(dòng)詞，句子已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，且空格前沒(méi)有并列連詞

一、主語(yǔ)：考慮不定式和動(dòng)名詞

1、不定式是具體的一次性行為，動(dòng)名詞是抽象的一般行為，多數(shù)填動(dòng)名詞。

Walking(walk)isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.

Ignoring(ignore)thedifferencebetweenthetworesearchfindingswill

beoneoftheworstmistakesyoumake.

2、it作形式主語(yǔ)：It's+adj+todosth.

It*snouse/good+king.Itisuseful/useless+zing

Ifsnousedebating(debate)withTom,becausehewillneverchange

hismind.

It'snotalwayseasytorefuse(refuse)invitations.

二、賓語(yǔ)：考慮不定式和動(dòng)名詞

1s介詞后面考慮動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。

Scientistshaverespondedbynoting(note)thathungrybearsmaybe

congregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements

2、動(dòng)詞后根據(jù)固定搭配選擇不定式或動(dòng)名詞。

Ican'tstandworking(work)withher.

Iusuallyforget_toshut__(shut)thedoor.

三、表語(yǔ)

Is動(dòng)名詞說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容，不定式表示目的，將來(lái)。

Herwishistobecome——(become)anengineer.

Myhobbyis_swimminq__(swim).

2、現(xiàn)在分詞(性質(zhì)特征，令人…的)；過(guò)去分詞(心理狀態(tài)，感到…的)。

Thereportwassoinspiring(inspire)thattheywereall」nspired(inspire)

四、狀語(yǔ)：如果出現(xiàn),句子?；蛘呔渥樱琽判斷括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞

和主句主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系即可：

1、表目的結(jié)果用不定式

Tocompete(compete)moreeffectivelywithothers,moreandmore

peopleequipthemselveswithahighereducation.

Tomake(make)iteasiertogetintouchwithus,you'dkeepthiscardinhand.

［特別提醒】動(dòng)詞不定式也可以跟/E?些作表語(yǔ)用的形容詞easy,haid.difficult.pleasant.good.fit.comfortable

等后面作狀語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成“主語(yǔ)+be+形容詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu).在該結(jié)構(gòu)中構(gòu)成不定式的動(dòng)詞和句子的主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏

輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，不定式通常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。另外需注意的是在該結(jié)構(gòu)中.不定式中的動(dòng)詞必

須是及物動(dòng)詞,若為不及物動(dòng)詞，則要在其后加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~.使之構(gòu)成及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。

3、主動(dòng)進(jìn)行用現(xiàn)在分詞

Whenwatching(watch)themoon,hefoundanewstar.

Laughterproducesshort-termchangeinthefunctionoftheheartandbloodcirculation,

increasing(increase)heartrateandoxygenconsumption.

4、被動(dòng)完成用過(guò)去分詞。

Given(give)moretime,Iwillworkoutallthemathproblems.

Seen(see)fromthespace,theGreatWalllookslikeadragon

注意有些過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)時(shí)源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，不表示被動(dòng)完成。如facedwith;

dressedin、absorbedin,lostin

五、定語(yǔ):t常位于名詞后面，根據(jù)和被修飾詞的關(guān)系進(jìn)行判斷。

1s現(xiàn)在分詞：表示主動(dòng)進(jìn)行或性質(zhì)特征：令人…的

Thereisariverrunning(run)aroundourschool.

Thegirlstanding(stand)underthetreeismysister.

2、過(guò)去分詞：表示被動(dòng)完成或心理狀態(tài)：感到…的

Theproblemdiscussed(discuss)atthemeetingtomorrowisveryimportant/

Weareproudofthe29由OlympicGamesheld(hold)inChinain2008

3、不定式：表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。不定式與其所修飾的詞之間往往是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系

Doyouhaveanyclothestowash(wash)?

thefirst,thesecond,thelast,thenext,theonly等作名詞或者它們作形容詞用來(lái)修飾名

詞或代詞時(shí)

Iamthefirsttoget(get)there.

六、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：

1s現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)：句中的賓語(yǔ)往往就是其邏輯主語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)主動(dòng)進(jìn)行。常用在感官

動(dòng)詞(see,watch,observe,look,notice,hear,listen,feel),使役動(dòng)詞(have,get),

find,leave,keep等之后。

Ilookedupandnoticedasnakewinding(wind)itswayupthetreetocatchits

breakfast.

2、過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)：句中的賓語(yǔ)往往就是其邏輯主語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)完成。常用在感官動(dòng)

詞(see,watch,observe,look,notice,hear,listen,feel),使役動(dòng)詞(have,make,

let,get),find,leave,keep等之后。

Theoldfoundhishometownmuchchanged(change).

3、不定式作賓補(bǔ)：動(dòng)詞固定搭配

Mymotherallowsmetogo(go)withher.

4、with+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)

(l)with+賓語(yǔ)+doing(表示主動(dòng)且進(jìn)行)

(2)with+賓語(yǔ)+done(表示被動(dòng)且完成)

(3)with+賓語(yǔ)+todo(表示將來(lái))

Theoldcoupleoftentakeawalkaftersupperintheparkwiththeirpetdogfollowing

(follow)them.

Withalotofdifficultproblemstosettle(settle),thenewlyelectedpresidentis

havingahardtime.

練習(xí)

1、Itwasestimatedthataround1.2milliontonsofartificialsnowwereproducedforthe2022Beijing

WinterOlympicsheld(hold)inFebruarythisyear.

2、Iwasupsettolearnthatmanyseaanimalseatplasticgarbage,_thinking(think)itisfood.

3^Idecidedtodosomethingtoeducate(educate)peopleaboutthisproblem.

4、It'scertainlynotrealistictoremove(remove)allplasticfromyourlife,butsome

statisticsmayencourageyoutoreduceyoursingle-useplasticfootprints.

5、Minimizetheimpactofvisiting(visit)theplace.

6、Mary'ssister,FrancesToddWallace,oftencameovertoplant(plant)flowersinthe

frontyard.

7、In1985,urbanmenandwomeninmorethanthreequartersofthecountriesstudied(study)

hadhigherBMIsthanmenandwomeninruralareas.

8、Chineseworkersoncedemonstratedtheirgreatefficiencyin2018.Incredibly,around1,500

workersspentjustninehourscompletiDg(complete)theconstructionofanewtrain

stationinFujianProvince,southernChina.

9、Animportantfactoraffecting(affect)happinessisthetendencytocompareone's

situationwiththatofotherpeople.

10>Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoidlooking(look)directlyintohis

eyessohedoesn'tfeelchallengnd(challenge).

11、Istillremembervisiting(visit)afriendwho5dlivedherefbrfiveyearsandIwas

shockedwhenIlearntshehadn'tcookedonceinallthattime.

12>Located(locate)southwestofChina,Laosistheonlylandlockedcountryin

SoutheastAsiaandmainlydependsonroad,waterandairtransportforthemovementofpeopleand

goods.

13sAsmoreyoungpeoplegrowfrustratedwithpressure,theysaytheywanttogiveupconventional

ritesofpassage,suchasgening(get)marriedorhavingchildren.

14、Everypieceofplasticcreated(create)willremainintheenvironmentinsomeform,

but...

15>Itseemsthatpeopleinwesterncountriesarebecomingincreasinglyworried(worry)

aboutthesideeffectsofdrugs,...

16、Aftersuffering(suffer)frominsomnia(失眠)fbrafewmonths,Iwasfeeling

mentallyandphysicallyexhausted.

17>In1995,Dr.MadanKatariacalledonagroupofstudentsinapark_totest(test)whether

addingregularlaughtertopeople'sliveswouldimprovetheirwell-being,

18、_Inspired(inspire)byChinesewritingbrushes,heusesbamboobranchesashisbrushes,

whichrepresentshislatestattempttocreateunpredictabilityinsplattereffects.

19、Hisbreakoutvideo,wherehisprocessofpaintingQitianDasheng(MonkeyKing)isshown,

haswonmoretha