第1頁/共1頁2023年云南省第一次高中畢業(yè)生復(fù)習(xí)統(tǒng)一檢測英語注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色碳素筆將自己的學(xué)校、姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上，并認(rèn)真核準(zhǔn)條形碼上的學(xué)校、準(zhǔn)考證號、姓名、考場號、座位號，在規(guī)定的位置貼好條形碼及填涂準(zhǔn)考證號。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFamily-FriendlyEventsinJanuaryZooLights:GlowWildJan.1-19ThePhoenixZoo’syearlyholidaylightshowisonuntilJan.19,allowingfamiliesoneormoreopportunitiestoenjoythecity’szoo,withmillionsoflightsgivinganaddeddimensiontothefestivities.GlowWild,455N.GalvinPkwy.,Phoenix,,$11.95members,$13.95generaladmission.DowntownMesaFestivaloftheArtsJan.4-18TheDowntownMesaFestivaloftheArtsfeaturestheworkofestablishedandemergingartists,includingthosewhocreatewoodwork,metalcrafts,fooditems,art,photographyandgifts.OnMacdonald,offofMainStreetinDowntownMesa,,freeadmission.FamilyFunWinterfestJan.4OdySeaAquariumintheDesertishostingthethirdannualFamilyFunWinterfestinitsDesertCourtyard,featuringrealsnowforthekidstoplayin.Thisfreeeventfeatureseverythingfrombouncehousestorides,games,snowflakecraftsandfacepaintingtogowithvariousstandssetupbylocalsellers,withfoodandotherofferingsforsaleattheevent.9500E.ViadeVentura,Scottsdale,,free.YouthFineArtsCourseJan.18-Mar.7MesaArtsCenterishostinganeight-weekyouthartscourseonSaturdaystoteachartisticskillsandknowledgethroughfunandchallengingartclassesinawidevarietyofartmaterials,includingpainting,drawing,mixedmediaandsculpture,ensuringmentallystimulatingsessionsforall.MesaArtCenter,1E.MainSt,Mesa,,$93.1.HowcanyougetadiscountedtickettotheZooLightsshow?A.Bringafriend. B.Getamembership.C.Joinatourgroup. D.Bookaticketonline.2.WhatcanyoudoatFamilyFunWinterfest?A.Havefreefood. B.Takeartclasses.C.Enjoyrealsnow. D.Meetlocalartists.3.Whicheventlaststhelongest?A.ZooLights:GlowWild. B.DowntownMesaFestivaloftheArts.C.YouthFineArtsCourses. D.FamilyFunWinterfest.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個在一月份舉辦的家庭友好活動?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ZooLights:GlowWildJan.1-19部分中“$11.95members,$13.95generaladmission(會員11.95美元；普通門票13.95美元，)”可知，獲得會員資格就可以買到ZooLights表演的折扣票。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FamilyFunWinterfestJan.4部分中“OdySeaAquariumintheDesertishostingthethirdannualFamilyFunWinterfestinitsDesertCourtyard,featuringrealsnowforthekidstoplayin.(位于沙漠中的奧德海水族館正在其沙漠庭院舉辦第三屆年度家庭趣味冬季活動，以真正的雪為特色，供孩子們玩耍)”可知，在FamilyFunWinterfest可以欣賞到真正的雪。故選C。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知ZooLights:GlowWild從1月1日到19日；DowntownMesaFestivaloftheArts從1月4日到18日；FamilyFunWinterfest在1月4日；YouthFineArtsCourse從1月18日到3月7日。所以YouthFineArtsCourses持續(xù)時間最長。故選C。BAsayounggirlgrowingupinFrance,SarahToumidreamedofbecomingaleaderwhocouldmaketheworldabetterplace.Herpassiontohelpotherswasawakenedwhen,fromtheageofnine,sheaccompaniedherTunisianfathertohisbirthplaceintheeastofthecountryduringholidays.Theresheorganizedhomeworkclubsandactivitiesforchildren.Toumiwitnessedfirst-handthedestructiveeffectofdesertification(沙漠化).“Within10yearsrichfarmersbecameworseoff,andin10yearsfromnowtheywillbepoor.IwantedtostoptheSaharaDesertinitstracks.”Adecreaseinaveragerainfallandanincreaseintheseverityofdroughtshaveledtoanestimated75percentofTunisia’sagriculturallandsbeingthreatenedbydesertification.Toumirecognizedthatfarmingpracticesneededtochange.Sheisconfidentthatsmalllandareascanbringlargereturnsiffarmersareabletoadaptbyplantingsustainablecrops,usingnewtechnologiesforwatertreatmentandfocusingonnaturalproductsandfertilizersratherthanchemicals.In2012,Toumiconsolidated(鞏固)herdreamoffightingthedesert.ShemovedtoTunisia,andsetupaprogrammenamedAcaciasforAlltoputhersustainablefarmingphilosophy(理念)intoaction.“Iwanttoshowyoungpeopleinruralareasthattheycancreateopportunitieswheretheyare.Nobodyisbetterabletounderstandtheimpactofdesertificationandclimatechangethansomebodywhoislivingwithnoaccesstowater.”BySeptember2016,morethan130,000acaciatreeshadbeenplantedon20pilotfarms,withfarmersrecordinga60percentsurvivalrate.Toumiestimatesthatsome3millionacaciatreesareneededtoprotectTunisia’sfarmland.Sheexpectstoplant1milliontreesby2018.Inthenextcoupleofyears,ToumihopestoextendtheprogrammetoAlgeriaandMorocco.4.HowdidToumi’sholidaytripstoTunisiainfluenceher?A.Theymadeherdecidetoleavethecountry.B.Theyhelpedherbetterunderstandherfather.C.Theyarousedherenthusiasmforhelpingothers.D.Theydestroyedherdreamofbeingateacher.5.WhatisthemaincauseofthedesertificationofTunisia’sfarmland?A.Lowrainfall. B.Soilpollution. C.Coldweather. D.Forestdamage.6.WhydidToumisetupAcaciasforAllinTunisia?A.Tocreatejobopportunitiesforyoungpeople.B.Tohelpthechildrenobtainabasiceducation.C.Topersuadethefarmersnottousefertilizers.D.Topromotetheprotectionoftheirfarmland.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SavingWaterinTunisia B.HoldingbacktheSaharaC.PlantingTreesofNativeSpecies D.FightingPovertyinNorthAfrica【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了主人公圖米在假期陪伴父親回突尼斯東部的出生地后，激發(fā)了她要幫助當(dāng)?shù)厝说臒崆?，由此?chuàng)立了AcaciasforAll項(xiàng)目，種植金合歡樹，保護(hù)當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)田免遭撒哈拉沙漠吞噬，實(shí)踐其可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)的理念?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Herpassiontohelpotherswasawakenedwhen,fromtheageofnine,sheaccompaniedherTunisianfathertohisbirthplaceintheeastofthecountryduringholidays.(從9歲起，她就開始在假期陪伴她來自于突尼斯的父親去突尼斯東部的出生地，這激發(fā)了她幫助他人的熱情。)”可知，圖米去突尼斯度假的經(jīng)歷喚醒了她幫助他人的熱情。故選C項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Adecreaseinaveragerainfallandanincreaseintheseverityofdroughtshaveledtoanestimated75percentofTunisia’sagriculturallandsbeingthreatenedbydesertification.(平均降雨量的減少和干旱嚴(yán)重程度的增加導(dǎo)致突尼斯大約75%的農(nóng)業(yè)土地受到沙漠化的威脅。)”可知，降雨量少是突尼斯農(nóng)田沙漠化的主要原因。故選A項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二句“ShemovedtoTunisia,andsetupaprogrammenamedAcaciasforAlltoputhersustainablefarmingphilosophy(理念)intoaction.(她搬到突尼斯，并建立了一個名為AcaciasforAll的項(xiàng)目，將她的可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)理念付諸行動。)”，最后一段中“BySeptember2016,morethan130,000acaciatreeshadbeenplantedon20pilotfarms,withfarmersrecordinga60percentsurvivalrate.Toumiestimatesthatsome3millionacaciatreesareneededtoprotectTunisia’sfarmland.(截至2016年9月，在20個試點(diǎn)農(nóng)場種植了13萬多棵金合歡樹，農(nóng)民記錄其成活率達(dá)到60%。圖米估計(jì)，為了保護(hù)突尼斯的農(nóng)田，大約需要300萬棵金金合歡。)”可知，她創(chuàng)立AcaciasforAll項(xiàng)目的目的是保護(hù)當(dāng)?shù)氐霓r(nóng)田。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其最后一段中“BySeptember2016,morethan130,000acaciatreeshadbeenplantedon20pilotfarms,withfarmersrecordinga60percentsurvivalrate.Toumiestimatesthatsome3millionacaciatreesareneededtoprotectTunisia’sfarmland.(截至2016年9月，在20個試點(diǎn)農(nóng)場種植了13萬多棵金合歡樹，農(nóng)民記錄其成活率達(dá)到60%。圖米估計(jì)，為了保護(hù)突尼斯的農(nóng)田，大約需要300萬棵金合槐。)”可知，文章講述的是主人公圖米在9歲時，在一次陪伴爸爸回突尼斯家鄉(xiāng)時激發(fā)了她要幫助當(dāng)?shù)厝说臒崆椋纱藙?chuàng)立了AcaciasforAll項(xiàng)目，種植金合歡樹，改善保護(hù)當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)田，堅(jiān)持與沙漠化作斗爭，實(shí)踐其可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)的理念。B選項(xiàng)“HoldingbacktheSahara(阻擋撒哈拉沙漠)”符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。CForyears,DavidJames,whostudiesinsectsatWashingtonStateUniversity,hadwantedtoexaminethemigration(遷徙)patternsofWestCoastmonarchbutterflies(黑脈金斑蝶).Theroutethebutterfliestravelhasbeenhardlyknownbecausethepopulationsaretoosmalltofollow.Forevery200monarchstagged(打標(biāo)簽)byaresearcher,onlyoneisusuallyrecoveredattheendofitstrip,Jamessays,andfindingeven200inthewildtotagisunlikely.Knowingtherouteisvitaltoconservationefforts,butJameshadnowaytofigureitout-untilhegotaphonecallfromWashingtonStatePenitentiaryinWallaWalla.Theprisonwaslookingfornewactivitiestoimprovethementalhealthofthoseservinglong-termsentences.SoJamesbeganworkingwithprisonerstoraisemonarchsthroughthewholeprocessoftheirtransformation.Theadultinsectswerethentaggedandreleasedfromtheprison.Overfiveyears,nearly10,000monarchsflewfromthefacility.ElsewhereinWashington,OregonandIdaho,researchersreleasedanotherfewthousand.Thetagsincludedemailaddresses,andsoonafterthefirstbutterfliestookoff,Jamesstartedreceivingmessagesfrompeoplewhohadspottedthem.Thebutterflies,thereportsconfirmed,winteredincoastalCalifornia.TwelveofthemlandedatLighthouseFieldStateBeachinSantaCruz.SeveralmoreheadedtoBolinasandMorroBay.TheworkhelpsresearchersidentifyidealplacestoplantmilkweedandothervegetationthatareimportanttothelifecycleofWestCoastmonarchbutterflies.Italsobroughtoutthegentlersideofsomeoftheprisoners.“Theywereveryworriedthattheyweregoingtoharmthebutterflies,”Jamessays.Watchingthemonarchchangetheirformalsotouchedthemen.“Thisbutterflychanged,”Jamesrecallsprisonerstellinghim,“andmaybewecantoo.”8.WhatwashardforDavidtodoinhisstudy?A.Gainfinancialsupport. B.Hirequalifiedworkers.C.Buildanewlaboratory. D.Findenoughmonarchs.9.Whyarethebutterfliestaggedbeforebeingreleased?A.Toguaranteetheirsafety.B.Toenablethemtoflylongerdistances.C.Totracktheirtravelroutes.D.Todistinguishthemfromotherspecies.10.Whatmakestheprisonersfeelthattheycanchange?A.Thepatiencethebutterfliesshowed.B.Thehardshipthebutterfliesunderwent.C.Thetransformationofthebutterflies.D.ThedevotionofJamestothebutterflies.11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theimpactoftheresearch.B.ThefindingsofJames’study.C.Thereleaseoftheprisoners.D.Thelifecycleofthebutterflies.【答案】8.D9.C10.C11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章講述了DavidJames想要研究黑脈金斑蝶的遷徙，但是很難找到足夠可以跟蹤的蝴蝶，華盛頓州立監(jiān)獄的囚犯幫助飼養(yǎng)蝴蝶，然后打上包括郵箱地址的標(biāo)簽放飛，James收到了來自發(fā)現(xiàn)蝴蝶的人們的信息，從而讓研究工作順利進(jìn)行，這項(xiàng)工作幫助研究人員確定了理想的種植馬利筋和其他植被的地方，這些植被對西海岸黑脈金斑蝶蝶的生命周期很重要，也激發(fā)了一些囚犯溫和的一面?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Theroutethebutterfliestravelhasbeenhardlyknownbecausethepopulationsaretoosmalltofollow.Forevery200monarchstagged(打標(biāo)簽)byaresearcher,onlyoneisusuallyrecoveredattheendofitstrip,Jamessays,andfindingeven200inthewildtotagisunlikely.(蝴蝶的飛行路線幾乎不為人知，因?yàn)樗鼈兊臄?shù)量太少，無法跟隨。詹姆斯說，每200只被研究人員標(biāo)記的帝王蝴蝶，通常只有一只在旅行結(jié)束時被找到，而在野外找到200只帝王蝶也不太可能。)”可知，對于戴維來說，研究中最困難的是找到足夠的黑脈金斑蝶。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Thetagsincludedemailaddresses,andsoonafterthefirstbutterfliestookoff,Jamesstartedreceivingmessagesfrompeoplewhohadspottedthem.Thebutterflies,thereportsconfirmed,winteredincoastalCalifornia.TwelveofthemlandedatLighthouseFieldStateBeachinSantaCruz.SeveralmoreheadedtoBolinasandMorroBay.(這些標(biāo)簽包括電子郵件地址，在第一批蝴蝶起飛后不久，詹姆斯開始收到發(fā)現(xiàn)它們的人發(fā)來的信息。報(bào)道證實(shí)，這些蝴蝶在加州沿海過冬。其中12只降落在圣克魯斯的LighthouseFieldStateBeach。更多的前往Bolinas和MorroBay。)”可推斷，在釋放之前給這些蝴蝶打上標(biāo)簽是為了跟蹤它們的旅行路線。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Italsobroughtoutthegentlersideofsomeoftheprisoners.‘Theywereveryworriedthattheyweregoingtoharmthebutterflies,’Jamessays.Watchingthemonarchchangetheirformalsotouchedthemen.‘Thisbutterflychanged,’Jamesrecallsprisonerstellinghim,‘a(chǎn)ndmaybewecantoo.’(它也帶來了一些囚犯的溫和的一面。“他們非常擔(dān)心他們會傷害蝴蝶,”詹姆斯說?？粗诿}金斑蝶改變他們的形式也感動了這些男人?！斑@只蝴蝶改變了,”詹姆斯回憶說,囚犯告訴他,“也許我們也可以?！?”可知，蝴蝶的改變感動了這些囚犯，他們覺得蝴蝶可以變形，他們也可以改變，因此可知是蝴蝶的改變讓囚犯感覺自己也可以改變。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的“TheworkhelpsresearchersidentifyidealplacestoplantmilkweedandothervegetationthatareimportanttothelifecycleofWestCoastmonarchbutterflies.Italsobroughtoutthegentlersideofsomeoftheprisoners.(這項(xiàng)工作幫助研究人員確定理想了的種植馬利筋和其他植被的地方，這些植被對西海岸黑脈金斑蝶蝶的生命周期很重要。它也激發(fā)了一些囚犯溫和的一面。)”可推斷，本段主要講述這項(xiàng)研究工作的影響。故選A。DWeallknowthatunpleasantfeelingwhenwe’retalkingaboutsomethinginterestingandhalfwaythroughoursentencewe’reinterrupted.Butwasthatreallyaninterruption?TheanswerdependsonwhomyouaskaccordingtonewresearchledbyKatherineHiltonfromStanfordUniversity.Usingasetofcontrolledaudioclips(錄音片段),Hiltonsurveyed5,000AmericanEnglishspeakerstobetterunderstandwhataffectspeople’sperceptionsofinterruptions.Shehadparticipantslistentoaudioclipsandthenanswerquestionsaboutwhetherthespeakersseemedtobefriendlyandengaged,listeningtooneanother,ortryingtointerrupt.HiltonfoundthatAmericanEnglishspeakershavedifferentconversationalstyles.Sheidentifiedtwodistinctgroups:highandlowintensityspeakers.Highintensityspeakersaregenerallyuncomfortablewithmomentsofsilenceinconversationandconsidertalkingatthesametimeasignofengagement.Lowintensityspeakersfinditrudetotalkatthesametimeandpreferpeoplespeakoneafteranotherinconversation.Thedifferencesinconversationalstylesbecameevidentwhenparticipantslistenedtoaudioclipsinwhichtwopeoplespokeatthesametimebutwereagreeingwitheachotherandstayedontopic,Hiltonsaid.Thehighintensitygroupreportedthatconversationswherepeoplespokeatthesametimewhenexpressingagreementwerenotinterruptivebutengagedandfriendlierthantheconversationswithmomentsofsilenceinbetweenspeakingturns.Incontrast,thelowintensitygroupperceivedanyamountofsimultaneous(同時)chatasarudeinterruption,regardlessofwhatthespeakersweresaying.“Peoplecareaboutbeinginterruptedandthosesmallinterruptionscanhaveamassiveeffectontheoverallcommunication,”Hiltonsaid.“Breakingapartwhataninterruptionmeansisessentialifwewanttounderstandhowhumansinteractwitheachother.”12.WhatdoesHilton’sresearchfocuson?A.Whatinterruptionsmeantopeople.B.Whetherinterruptionisgoodornot.C.Howtoavoidgettinginterrupted.D.Whyspeakersinterrupteachother.13Whatdoparticipantsofthestudyneedtodo?A.Recordanaudioclip. B.Answersomequestions.C.Listentooneanother. D.Haveachatwithafriend.14.Whatdolowintensityspeakersthinkofsimultaneouschat?A.It’simportant. B.It’sinteresting.C.It’sinefficient. D.It’simpolite.15.WhatcanwelearnfromHilton’sresearch?A.Humaninteractioniscomplex.B.Communicationisthebasisoflife.C.Interruptionspromotethinking.D.Languagebarrierswillalwaysexist.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。研究表明，在談話中被打斷是否會帶來不愉快，因人而異?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Butwasthatreallyaninterruption?Theanswerdependsonwhomyouask,accordingtonewresearchledbyKatherineHiltonfromStanfordUniversity.(但這真的是打擾嗎？根據(jù)斯坦福大學(xué)凱瑟琳·希爾頓領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一項(xiàng)新研究，答案取決于你問誰)”和第四段第二、三句“Thehighintensitygroupreportedthatconversationswherepeoplespokeatthesametimewhenexpressingagreementwerenotinterruptivebutengagedandfriendlierthantheconversationswithmomentsofsilenceinbetweenspeakingturns.Incontrast,thelowintensitygroupperceivedanyamountofsimultaneouschatasarudeinterruption,regardlessofwhatthespeakersweresaying.(高強(qiáng)度組報(bào)告說，人們在表達(dá)同意的同時說話的對話不會被打斷，而是比在說話之間保持沉默的對話更投入、更友好。相比之下，低強(qiáng)度組認(rèn)為任何數(shù)量的同時聊天都是粗魯?shù)拇驍啵还苷f話人在說什么)”可知，文章主要說明了“打斷”對不同的人來說，意義不同，即“打斷”對人們意味著什么。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Shehadparticipantslistentoaudioclipsandthenanswerquestionsaboutwhetherthespeakersseemedtobefriendlyandengaged,listeningtooneanother,ortryingtointerrupt.(她讓參與者聽一些音頻片段，然后回答一些問題，比如說話者看起來是否友好、投入、彼此傾聽，還是試圖打斷)”可知，參與者們需要在聽完音頻后回答一些問題。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Lowintensityspeakersfinditrudetotalkatthesametimeandpreferpeoplespeakoneafteranotherinconversation.(低強(qiáng)度說話者覺得同時說話很不禮貌，他們更喜歡人們在談話中一個接一個地說話)”可推知，對于低強(qiáng)度聊天者來說，同時聊天是粗魯?shù)模欢Y貌的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Peoplecareaboutbeinginterrupted,andthosesmallinterruptionscanhaveamassiveeffectontheoverallcommunication,”Hiltonsaid.“Breakingapartwhataninterruptionmeansisessentialifwewanttounderstandhowhumansinteractwitheachother.”(“人們很在意被打斷，而這些小的干擾會對整體交流產(chǎn)生巨大影響，”希爾頓說?！叭绻覀兿肓私馊祟愔g是如何互動的，就必須分解中斷的含義?！?”可推知，人類的交流是復(fù)雜的。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Therehasbeenaveryseriousdeclineinthenumbersofshallow-waterfishasaresultofoverfishing.Peoplestillwanttoeatfish,sothefishingindustrymustlookatothersources,especiallythedeepwatersoftheAtlantic.____16____Conservationmeasureswillhavetobeputinplaceifthesedeep-seafisharetosurvive.Researchonfivesuchspeciesshowsthatnumbershavedeclinedbybetween87percentand98percent.____17____Manyspeciescouldwelldisappearcompletelyifthepresenttrendcontinues.Thesearespeciesthathavebeenswimminginouroceansforhundredsofmillionsofyears.Theproblemisemphasizedbythefactthatthedeclineinnumbershappenedinlessthantwentyyears.Deep-seafishtakealongtimetoreproduceandnormallyliveformanyyears.____18____Theaveragesizeofsuchfishalsodeclined,withonespeciesshowinga57percentdeclineinaveragesize.Thisisofparticularconcern,aslargefishtendtoproducemoreoffspringthansmallones.____19____Thedeep-seaspecieshavebeencaughtasiftheywerethefast-breeding(快速繁殖)fishlikesardineandherring.Itislikekillingelephantsasiftheyreproducedatthesamerateasrabbits.Thedamagedonebyoverfishinggoesbeyondtheseaenvironment.Millionsofpeoplemakealivinginthefishingindustry.____20____Measuresmustbetakentonotonlyconserveecosystems,butalsosustainlivelihoodsandensurefoodsecurity.A.Billionsofpeoplerelyonfishforprotein.B.Manypeoplenowchoosenottoeatdeep-seafish.C.Unfortunately,theirreproductionrateisverylow.D.Thisputstheminthecategoryof“criticallyendangered”.E.Noneofthesefactshasbeentakenintoaccountbythefishingindustry.F.Overfishingisamajorcauseofdeclineinpopulationsofoceanwildlife.G.Thishasresultedinasharpdeclineinthenumbersofmanyofthespeciescaught.【答案】16.G17.D18.C19.E20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了由于過度捕撈淺水魚類的數(shù)量已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重下降，以及由此導(dǎo)致的后果?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Peoplestillwanttoeatfish,sothefishingindustrymustlookatothersources,especiallythedeepwatersoftheAtlantic.”（人們?nèi)匀幌氤贼~，因此漁業(yè)必須尋找其他來源，特別是大西洋的深水區(qū)）推知，選項(xiàng)承接上文說明以上做法導(dǎo)致的不良影響。故G選項(xiàng)“這導(dǎo)致許多被捕獲物種的數(shù)量急劇下降”切題。故選G項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Researchonfivesuchspeciesshowsthatnumbershavedeclinedbybetween87percentand98percent.”（對五種這樣的物種的研究表明，數(shù)量下降了87%到98%）可知，數(shù)量下降到了一定程度，我們便稱為它們?yōu)椤皹O度瀕危”物種。故D選項(xiàng)“這使得它們被歸為“極度瀕危”物種”切題，this指代上文提到的“numbershavedeclinedbybetween87percentand98percent.”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Deep-seafishtakealongtimetoreproduceandnormallyliveformanyyears.”（深海魚類需要很長時間繁殖，通常可以活很多年）根據(jù)下文“Theaveragesizeofsuchfishalsodeclined,withonespeciesshowinga57percentdeclineinaveragesize.Thisisofparticularconcern,aslargefishtendtoproducemoreoffspringthansmallones.”（這些魚的平均尺寸也在下降，其中一個物種的平均尺寸下降了57%。這一點(diǎn)值得特別關(guān)注，因?yàn)榇篝~往往比小魚生育更多的后代）可知，選項(xiàng)承接上下文說明深海魚類的繁殖率非常低。故C選項(xiàng)“不幸的是，它們的繁殖率非常低”切題。故選C項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Thedeep-seaspecieshavebeencaughtasiftheywerethefast-breeding(快速繁殖)fishlikesardineandherring.Itislikekillingelephantsasiftheyreproducedatthesamerateasrabbits.”（深海魚類被捕獲，仿佛它們是沙丁魚和鯡魚等快速繁殖的魚類。這就像把大象當(dāng)作繁殖速度飛快的兔子殺死一樣）可知，漁業(yè)忽略了一些物種繁殖速度慢的事實(shí)。故E選項(xiàng)“漁業(yè)沒有考慮到這些事實(shí)”故選E項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Millionsofpeoplemakealivinginthefishingindustry.”（數(shù)百萬人以漁業(yè)為生）可知，選項(xiàng)與上文為并列關(guān)系，說明漁業(yè)對人的重要作用。故A選項(xiàng)“數(shù)十億人依賴魚類獲取蛋白質(zhì)”切題。故選A項(xiàng)。第二部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Dr.SmithofNewYorkworksatacenterforchildrenwhocan’tlearnwell.Onedayafatherbroughthissontohimfor____21____athisoffice.ThefathertoldDr.Smithabouthisson.“Mysonhas____22____inlearningandcan’tevenplaybaseball.Heisn’tdoingwellbecausehedoesn’ttry.Ihavedoneeverythingforhim.Ihaveevenshoutedathim.Butnothing____23____.”AfterDr.Smithtestedtheboy,he____24____hisfather.Heaskedthefathertositinfrontofa____25____andthengavehimapencilandapieceofpaper.Therewasa____26____onthepaper.Heaskedthefathertolookonlyinthemirrorand____27____thelinesofthestarwiththepencil.Thefathermadethesame____28____anyonemakes.Everytimehe____29____thepencil,itwentthewrongway.Thefather’sfacebecamered.Atthis____30____thedoctorshoutedathim,“Hurryup!Whyareyou____31____solong?Youcan’tdosuchan____32____thing!Youdon’tknowleftfromright!”These____33____madethefatherveryangry.“Nowyoucan____34____,can’tyou?”Thedoctorsaidtohim.“Yoursonhasfeltjustlikethatallthetime.Youscolded(訓(xùn)斥)himtoooften,sohedidn'ttryanymore.Hewasafraidofmakingmistakes.”____35____thefatherunderstoodeverything.Heputhisfacedown.Nowhefeltsosorry.21.A.testing B.acting C.teaching D.playing22.A.confidence B.interest C.experience D.difficulty23.A.returns B.helps C.appears D.remains24.A.waitedfor B.searchedfor C.believedin D.calledin25.A.mirror B.television C.painting D.desk26.A.face B.line C.number D.star27.A.remove B.follow C.cross D.cut28.A.decisions B.choices C.mistakes D.patterns29.A.touched B.dropped C.moved D.sharpened30.A.speed B.corner C.end D.point31.A.staying B.taking C.preparing D.writing32.A.easy B.important C.obvious D.exciting33.A.ideas B.words C.questions D.instructions34.A.relax B.leave C.understand D.promise35.A.Interestingly B.Absolutely C.Suddenly D.Unfortunately【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.D25.A26.D27.B28.C29.C30.D31.B32.A33.B34.C35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了一位父親帶學(xué)習(xí)有困難的孩子去做測試。結(jié)果，父親才是那個造成孩子學(xué)習(xí)困難的人?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，一位父親帶著兒子到他的辦公室做測試。A.testing測試；B.acting行動；C.teaching教；D.playing玩耍。根據(jù)下文“AfterDr.Smithtestedtheboy,he4hisfather.”可知，男孩做了測試。故選A。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我兒子學(xué)習(xí)有困難，甚至不會打棒球。A.confidence自信心；B.interest興趣；C.experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)；D.difficulty困難。根據(jù)下文“Heisn’tdoingwellbecausehedoesn’ttry.Ihavedoneeverythingforhim.”可知，父親為兒子做了一切，但是還是學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)不好，所以就認(rèn)為兒子有學(xué)習(xí)困難。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是什么都沒用。A.returns歸還；B.helps幫助；C.appears出現(xiàn)；D.remains仍然。根據(jù)前文“Onedayafatherbroughthissontohimfortestingathisoffice.”可知，父親帶兒子來做測試，說明自己做的一切都是不起幫助作用的。故選B。【24題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：史密斯醫(yī)生檢查完男孩后，把他父親叫來。A.waitedfor等待；B.searchedfor尋找；C.believedin信任；D.calledin叫來。根據(jù)本句“AfterDr.Smithtestedtheboy”可知，史密斯醫(yī)生檢查完男孩后會把父親叫進(jìn)來說明情況。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他讓父親坐在鏡子前，然后給了他一支鉛筆和一張紙。A.mirror鏡子；B.television電視；C.painting繪畫；D.desk桌子。根據(jù)下文“Heaskedthefathertolookonlyinthemirrorand7thelinesofthestarwiththepencil.”可知，父親是坐在鏡子前的。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：紙上有一顆星星。A.face臉；B.line行；C.number數(shù)字；D.star星星。根據(jù)下文“Heaskedthefathertolookonlyinthemirrorand7thelinesofthestarwiththepencil.”可知，父親是坐在鏡子前畫星星的。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他讓父親只照鏡子，用鉛筆沿著星星的線條畫。A.remove移除；B.follow跟隨，按照；C.cross跨過；D.cut切割。根據(jù)本句“Heaskedthefathertolookonlyinthemirror”可知，紙上有個星星，但是父親只能按照要求照著鏡子中的星星畫。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那個父親犯了所有人都會犯的錯誤。A.decisions決定；B.choices選擇；C.mistakes錯誤；D.patterns模式。根據(jù)下文“Everytimehe9thepencil,itwentthewrongway.”可知，父親也會犯錯誤，每次劃線，都走錯了方向。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每次他移動鉛筆，它都走錯了方向。A.touched觸摸；B.dropped掉落；C.moved移動；D.sharpened使變鋒利。根據(jù)本句“itwentthewrongway”可知，鉛筆走錯了方向，應(yīng)是父親移動鉛筆。故選C。30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這時，醫(yī)生對他喊道：“快點(diǎn)！怎么花了這么長時間？這么簡單事你做不出來！你根本不知道左右!”。A.speed速度；B.corner角落；C.end末端；D.point要點(diǎn)。根據(jù)前文“Everytimehe9thepencil,itwentthewrongway.”以及后文“thedoctorshoutedathim”可知，父親犯了錯，這時醫(yī)生對他喊。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這時，醫(yī)生對他喊道：“快點(diǎn)！你怎么花了這么長時間？這么簡單的事你做不出來！你根本不知道左右!”。A.staying停留；B.taking花費(fèi)；C.preparing準(zhǔn)備；D.writing寫。根據(jù)前文“Everytimehe9thepencil,itwentthewrongway.”可知，父親一直犯錯，會花很長時間。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這時，醫(yī)生對他喊道：“快點(diǎn)！你怎么花了這么長時間？這么簡單的事你做不出來！你根本不知道左右!”。A.easy容易的；B.important重要的；C.obvious明顯的；D.exciting令人興奮的。根據(jù)后文“Youdon’tknowleftfromright!”可知，分不清左右是很簡單的事。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些話讓父親非常生氣。A.ideas想法；B.words言語；C.questions問題；D.instructions指示。根據(jù)前文““Hurryup!Whyareyou11solong?Youcan’tdosuchan12thing!Youdon’tknowleftfromright!””可知，這是醫(yī)生對父親說的話。故選B。【34題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“現(xiàn)在你明白了，是嗎?”醫(yī)生對他說。A.relax放松；B.leave離開；C.understand理解；D.promise承諾。根據(jù)下文“thefatherunderstoodeverything”可知，醫(yī)生在問父親是否明白其中道理。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，父親明白了一切。A.Interestingly有意思的是；B.Absolutely絕對地；C.Suddenly突然；D.Unfortunately不幸的是。根據(jù)前文““Yoursonhasfeltjustlikethatallthetime.Youscolded(訓(xùn)斥)himtoooften,sohedidn'ttryanymore.Hewasafraidofmakingmistakes.””可知，父親在聽完醫(yī)生的話后，一瞬間就明白了。故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thegovernmenthasawarded$5milliontothreedifferentlocalnonprofitorganizations.Themoneywill____36____(distribute)overafour-yearperiodandisaimedathelpingapproximately1,000homelesspeopleinthecountyofArvada.Oneagency,____37____(base)inWoodbridge,isexpected____38____(receive)$1.5million.Theagencydirectorsaysthattheywillfocustheirresourceson____39____(educate)thehomeless.“Wewillprobablybuildanotherschool-homewiththismoney,”hesaid.“Aschool-homeisexactly____40____itsoundslike.Itisaschoolandahome.Wehavealreadybuiltfourschool-homesthroughoutthecounty.Wegetthehomelessoffthestreet,____41____weeducatethemsotheydon’thavetoreturntothestreet.Weteachthemhowtobegardeners,painters,carpenters,bricklayers,electricians,andair-conditioningrepairmen.”“Youwouldn’tbelieve____42____successthatwehavehad.Infact,acoupleofweeksago,ourofficeair-conditioningwentout.Mysecretarycalledarepairman.Tooursurprise,therepairman____43____(be)oneofourfirsthomelessstudents.Henowownshisownair-conditioningbusiness,plustwohouses,twocarsandaboat!Hehasadozenemployees.He’sdoingbetterthanIam.Hefixedourair-conditioning____44____free.IthinkImightsignupfortheair-conditioningclass_____45_____(I).”【答案】36.bedistributed37.based38.toreceive39.educating40.what41.and42.the43.was44.for45.myself【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。講述了政府向當(dāng)?shù)胤菭I利組織獎勵了500萬美元，這些錢將被用來幫助無家可歸的人，文章還具體講述了一家非盈利組織救助無家可歸者采取的措施以及取得的成功?！?6題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：這筆錢將在四年時間內(nèi)分發(fā)，目的是幫助阿瓦達(dá)縣大約1000名無家可歸的人。分析句子可知，distribute和will構(gòu)成謂語動詞，與主語Themoney是被動關(guān)系，空前有助動詞will，故用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)，故填bedistributed?！?7題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：一家機(jī)構(gòu)，總部在Woodbridge，預(yù)計(jì)將獲得150萬美元。分析句子可知，“(base)inWoodbridge”作定語，base與Oneagency是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞，故填based。【38題詳解】考查不定式。句意同上。beexpectedtodosth.“被預(yù)計(jì)……”，用不定式作主語補(bǔ)足語，故填toreceive?！?9題詳解】考查動名詞。句意：該機(jī)構(gòu)負(fù)責(zé)人表示，他們將把資源集中在教育無家可歸者上。介詞后接動名詞作賓語，故填educating?！?0題詳解】考查表語從句。句意：一所“學(xué)校之家”就是它聽起來的樣子。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)表語從句，從句like是介詞，缺少賓語，指物，用從屬連詞what引導(dǎo)表語從句，故填what?！?1題詳解】考查連詞。句意：我們讓無家可歸的人離開街頭，我們教育他們，這樣他們就不必回到街頭。根據(jù)句意并分析句子可知，空處用連詞連接兩個句子，前后文是順承關(guān)系，故填and?！?2題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：你不會相信我們已經(jīng)取得的成功。修飾名詞用冠詞，根據(jù)句意此處特指“我