第1頁/共1頁2022?2023學(xué)年度高二第二學(xué)期期中考試英語考生注意：1.本試卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項(xiàng)目填寫清楚。3.考生作答時(shí)，請將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑;非選擇題請用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。4.本卷命題范圍：新外研版選擇性必修Book2Unit3~Book3Unit2。第一部分單項(xiàng)填空(共兩節(jié)，滿分25分)從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。第一節(jié)語法單選(共10小題;每小題2分，滿分20分)1.WhatpuzzlesLily’sfriendsis______shealwayshassomanycrazyideas.A.what B.why C.who D.which【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查表語從句。句意：令Lily的朋友們感到困擾的是她為什么總是有這么多瘋狂的想法。分析句子，該空需要一個(gè)表語從句的連接詞，結(jié)合句意，應(yīng)該是朋友們不明白Lily為什么有這么多瘋狂的想法。所以本句為why引導(dǎo)的表語從句。故選B項(xiàng)。2.Goodafternoon,everybody.ProfessorBrown______hislectureinamoment,butletmeintroducehimfirst.A.willbedelivering B.deliveredC.wasdelivering D.hasbeendelivering【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動詞。句意：大家下午好。布朗教授馬上就要做演講了，但讓我先介紹一下他。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，動作deliver是將會在接下來正在進(jìn)行的動作，所以用將來進(jìn)行時(shí)。故填A(yù)。3.—Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?—Ihavenoidea.Iwasonthephonewhentheweatherreport______.A.isbroadcast B.hadbroadcastC.hasbeenbroadcast D.wasbeingbroadcast【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查動詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：——明天天氣會怎樣？——我不知道。天氣預(yù)報(bào)播送的時(shí)候我正在打電話。結(jié)合上文Iwasonthephonewhentheweatherreport可知指過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在做某事，應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，且theweatherreport與broadcast構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動語態(tài)。故選D。4.Wehavesomedoubt______theycancompletethetaskontime.A.which B.what C.whether D.if【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查同位語從句。句意：我們對他們是否能按時(shí)完成任務(wù)有些懷疑。分析句子可知，句子為同位語從句，空格處單詞引導(dǎo)從句，對“doubt”進(jìn)行解釋說明，根據(jù)句意可知，句中指懷疑他們“是否”能按時(shí)完成任務(wù)，故應(yīng)用“whether”引導(dǎo)從句，意為“是否”，“if”不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句。故選C項(xiàng)。5.______anarrangementtoputoffthehouseprojectinthevillage,wemovedtodiscuss______weshouldcarryoutthefarmingmodernizationthere.A.Made;that B.Making;whatC.Havingmade;when D.Made;where【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞和賓語從句。句意：在作出推遲該村建房工程的安排后，我們開始討論何時(shí)在該村實(shí)施農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句首的make在句中作非謂語動詞，和主語we之間為主動關(guān)系，且makeanarrangement的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞（movedtodiscuss）之前，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式，即Havingmade；第二空為賓語從句，且賓語從句中不缺主干成分，此處缺少時(shí)間狀語，故填when，故選C。6.______winsthefirstplaceinthebicycleracewillbeawardedthegoldmedal.A.Whoever B.Who C.Whomever D.Whom【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查主語從句。句意：無論誰在自行車比賽中獲得第一名，都將被授予金牌。分析句子可知，句子為主語從句，空格處單詞引導(dǎo)從句，從句中缺少主語，指人，表示“無論誰”，故應(yīng)用“whoever”引導(dǎo)從句，意為“無論誰”，句首單詞首字母大寫。故選A項(xiàng)。7.Markisagenius.Bythetimehegraduated,he________jobsbyadozencomputercompanies.A.hasoffered B.hasbeenofferedC.hadoffered D.hadbeenoffered【答案】D【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查過去完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)。句意：馬克是個(gè)天才。到他畢業(yè)的時(shí)候，已經(jīng)有十幾家電腦公司給他提供了工作機(jī)會。該句是復(fù)合句，含Bythetime引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，主句動作先于從句動作，且主句主語he和謂語動詞offer之間是被動關(guān)系，是過去完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)。故選D。8.______shebecameanartisttenyearsagomayhavebeenduetoherfather’sinfluence.A.What B.If C.That D.When【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查主語從句。句意：她十年前成為一名藝術(shù)家可能是由于她父親的影響。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)主語從句，從句結(jié)構(gòu)、意義完整，應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)，that在句中無意義，只起連接作用，故選C。9.—Youareagreatswimmer.—Thanks.It'sbecauseI______alotthesedays.A.waspractising B.havebeenpractisingC.hadpractised D.wouldpractise【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：——你游泳很棒。——謝謝。這是因?yàn)檫@些天我一直在練習(xí)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語thesedays可知，“練習(xí)游泳”從數(shù)天前開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，仍然可能持續(xù)下去。因此該句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。故選B。10.______wasinHouston______thecoupleopenedthepetshopinthe1990s.A.It;which B.What;that C.What;where D.It;that【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意：上世紀(jì)90年代，正是在休斯頓這對夫婦開了這家寵物店。分析句子可知，去掉第一空、was和第二空，句意仍然完整，成分齊全，所以此處為強(qiáng)調(diào)句：Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+其余部分，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分為地點(diǎn)狀語inHouston，故第一空用It，第二空用that。故選D。第二節(jié)短語單選(共5小題;每小題1分，滿分5分)11.Please______mewhenyoucometoourcitynexttimeandIwillcookdeliciousfoodsforyou.A.spreadto B.coexistwith C.dropinon D.fitinwith【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：下次你來我們城市的時(shí)候請來找我，我會為你做好吃的。A.spreadto蔓延到；B.coexistwith與……共存；C.dropinon順道拜訪；D.fitinwith適合。根據(jù)下文“whenyoucometoourcitynexttimeandIwillcookdeliciousfoodsforyou(下次你來我們城市的時(shí)候……，我會為你做好吃的)”可推理出句子表達(dá)的含義是邀請對方來拜訪，空白處應(yīng)填表示“順道拜訪”含義的動詞短語，故選C項(xiàng)。12.Sofar,ithasbeen______morethanjustanemptypromise,fortheyhaven’tcarriedouttheplan.A.everything B.anything C.something D.nothing【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查不定代詞詞義辨析。句意：到目前為止，這只不過是一個(gè)空洞的承諾，因?yàn)樗麄冞€沒有執(zhí)行這個(gè)計(jì)劃。A.everythingpron.每件事，一切；B.anythingpron.任何事物/事情；C.somethingpron.某物，某事；D.nothingpron.沒有什么。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，這里需要不定代詞nothing，意為“沒有什么”，作表語。故填D。13.It______thatherhusbandwasbadlyinjuredinacaraccident.A.tookover B.turnedout C.tookup D.poppedup【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：結(jié)果是，她的丈夫在一場車禍中受了重傷。A.tookover接管；B.turnedout結(jié)果是；C.tookup占據(jù)；D.poppedup突然出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文“herhusbandwasbadlyinjuredinacaraccident.(她的丈夫在一場車禍中受了重傷)”可知這是一個(gè)結(jié)果，空白處應(yīng)填表示“結(jié)果是”含義的動詞短語，Itturnedoutthat...，結(jié)果是……，故選B項(xiàng)。14.Mikehasadesire______successbuthesuffersfromalack______confidence.A.for;of B.to;with C.at;in D.over;by【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查固定短語。句意：邁克渴望成功，但他缺乏信心。根據(jù)句意可知，空格一處涉及固定短語“haveadesireforsth.”，意為“渴望得到某物”，故空格一應(yīng)用介詞“for”；空格二處涉及固定短語“alackof…”，意為“缺乏……”，故空格二應(yīng)用介詞“of”。故選A項(xiàng)。15.Oureffortswerenot______sowedidn’twasteourenergy.A.invain B.ingoodhands C.inharmony D.inalargesense【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：我們的努力沒有白費(fèi)，我們沒有浪費(fèi)精力。A.invain徒勞；B.ingoodhands受到很好的照料；C.inharmony協(xié)調(diào)一致；D.inalargesense在很大意義上。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，這里需要介詞短語invain，意為“徒勞”，作表語。故選A。第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ANewJerseyBotanicalGardenMembershipIt’seasytoapplyforNewJerseyBotanicalGarden(NJBG)Membershiporrenewyourmembershiponline,byphoneorbymail.Andit’ssoimportanttotheBotanicalGarden!YourmembershipdollarshelptoimprovetheGarden,andprovideeducationalandrecreational(娛樂的)activitiesforthegeneralpublic.Thankyouforyoursupport!Toapplyfororrenewit,pleaseclickontheappropriatesectionandmembershipcategorybelowforsafeandconvenientonlinepaymentprocessingbyPayPal.Ifyouprefertoapplybyphoneormail,calltheNJBGofficeat(973)962-9534ordownloadandsendinourmembershipbrochure(AdobeAcrobatPDFfile).★ApplyNJBGTodayMembershipCategoryIndividualDual(兩人共用)StudentAnnualDues$35$60$25Special:SavesomemoneywithBiennialDues(兩年會費(fèi))$60$100$40★RenewYourMembershipMembershipCategoryIndividualDualStudentAnnualDues$30$50$25Special:SavesomemoneywithBiennialDues$50$80$40TheBotanicalGardenstartedlifeasSkylands,alargeareainthegrandmanner.Itisfamousfora44-roomTudorRevivalgranitemansion(公館)designedbyJohnRussellPope.Skylandshas96acresofformalandnaturalizedgardensandissurroundedbyover1,000acresofmeadows(草坪)andwoodlands.PurchasedbytheStatein1966andofficiallynamedastheNewJerseyBotanicalGardenin1984,thegardenscontainapproximately5,000speciesandvarietiesoftreesandflowers.Foryou,theNJBGisanexcitingandbeautifulplacetovisit,whereyoumayenjoyeachseason’sbest.Membersenjoyspecialevents,festivals,lectures,andrewardingeducationalopportunitiesforbothcityandcountrygardeners.YourNJBGmembershipoffersyoudiscountsatparticipatingnurseries(苗圃),gardencentersandotherfinebusinesses.SimplypresentyourNJBGmembershipcardwhenbeginningyourpurchase:*GoffleBrookFarmandGardenCenter,(201)652-754010%offyourpurchase*MetropolitanPlantExchange,(973)638-761312%offyourpurchase*Rohsler’sAllendaleNursery&Florist,(201)327-315615%offyourpurchase16.WhatcanweknowabouttheBotanicalGarden?A.Itwaspurchasedandofficiallynamedinthe1960s.B.ThedesignerofthemansionisJohnRussellPope.C.Skylandshas96acresofformalandman-madegardens.D.Visitorscanenjoyspecialeventswithoutmembershipforfree.17.Howmuchdoesacoupleneedtopayiftheywanttorenewtheirtwo-yearmembership?A.$40. B.$50. C.$60. D.$80.18.WhichshouldyoucalltolearnmoreaboutMetropolitanPlantExchange?A.(201)327-3156. B.(973)962-9534.C.(973)638-7613. D.(201)652-7540.【答案】16.B17.D18.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了如何申請和續(xù)訂新澤西州立植物園的會員資格?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個(gè)表格下段關(guān)鍵句“Itisfamousfora44-roomTudorRevivalgranitemansion(公館)designedbyJohnRussellPope.”（它以擁有44間客房的都鐸王朝復(fù)興時(shí)期的花崗巖公館而聞名，該公館由約翰·拉塞爾·波普設(shè)計(jì)。）可知，關(guān)于植物園我們能了解到，這座公館的設(shè)計(jì)師是約翰·拉塞爾·波普。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個(gè)表格中關(guān)鍵句“Special:SavesomemoneywithBiennialDues,Dual,$80”（特別優(yōu)惠：繳兩年會費(fèi)節(jié)省一些錢，兩人共用，80美元）可知，續(xù)簽兩年的會員資格，兩人需交80美元，由此可知，如果一對夫婦想續(xù)簽兩年的會員資格，他們需要支付80美元。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段內(nèi)容“MetropolitanPlantExchange,(973)638-7613”（大都會植物交易所，（973）638-7613）可知，如果你想了解更多關(guān)于大都會植物交易所的信息，可以撥打(973)638-7613。故選C項(xiàng)。BArunKumarBajajhasaveryunusualskill—hecanpaintwithasewingmachine(縫紉機(jī)).Technicallyit’sembroidering,notpainting,buthisartworksaresodetailedthattheycanpassaspaintingstotheuntrainedeyes.Andthefactthathedoesitallwithasewingmachinejustmakesthatmuchmoreimpressive.Arunwasreallygoodatdrawingandpaintingwhilegrowingupanddreamedofbecomingafamouspainter,buthisfatherdiedsuddenly15yearsago,whichdestroyedhisplansandforcedhimtogiveupschoolinordertorunthefamilybusiness.Hisfatherwasatailorandhebecameonetoo,buthedidn’tlettheartistinhimdie.Hestarted“painting”withaneedleandthread,butinsteadofusinghishands,hedecidedonaratherunusualtool—thesewingmachine.Ittookhimawhiletomasterthisuniqueartform,buttodayheisrecognizedastheworld’sonlysewingmachineartist.HisworksbecomeverypopularbothinIndiaandabroad.It’seasytoseewhy,justbylookingatthem,butwhatreallymakeshisembroideriesspecialisthetoolheuses.“Youneedtobeverycarefulbecauseonceyou’vestitchedthecloth,there’snowayyoucanrepairit.”Arunsaid.“It’salldoneinasinglelayertogivethepaintinganeatlook.”SomeofArun’smostimpressiveworksincludea4×2feetpaintingofthecourtofRanjitSingh,whichtooktheartistoverayeartofinish.ArunrunsatailoringbusinessintheAdalatBazarofPatiala,buthedevotesalotofhistimetohisartisticdreamaswell.19.WhatwasArun’sambitionwhenhewasgrowingup?ATobeawell-knownartist. B.Tobeexpertatembroidering.C.Tostartacompanyofhisown. D.Tobeafamoussewerlikehisfather.20.WhatcanweinferaboutArun’sbusiness?A.Itrunsverywellatpresent. B.Itoftenlacksalotofmoney.C.Ithasalotofbranchesabroad. D.Itissponsoredbythelocalgovernment.21.HowdidArunpaintthecourtofRanjitSingh?A.Byusinghisfeet. B.Byusinghismouth.C.Withaneedleandthread. D.Withabrushandpaints.22.HowcanwebestdescribeArun?A.Outgoingandgenerous. B.Giftedandhardworking.C.Courageousbutimpatient. D.Narrowmindedandbad-tempered.【答案】19.A20.A21.C22.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了縫紉機(jī)畫家ArunKumarBajaj的故事和他的作品?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Arunwasreallygoodatdrawingandpaintingwhilegrowingupanddreamedofbecomingafamouspainter,buthisfatherdiedsuddenly15yearsago,whichdestroyedhisplansandforcedhimtogiveupschoolinordertorunthefamilybusiness.(Arun在成長過程中非常擅長繪畫，夢想成為一名著名的畫家，但他的父親在15年前突然去世，這摧毀了他的計(jì)劃，迫使他放棄學(xué)業(yè)去經(jīng)營家族企業(yè))”可知，Arun在成長過程中的志向是成為一個(gè)著名的藝術(shù)家。故選A。【20題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“HisworksbecomeverypopularbothinIndiaandabroad.(他的作品在印度和國外都很受歡迎)”可推知，目前Arun的生意進(jìn)展順利。故選A。【21題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Hestarted“painting”withaneedleandthread,butinsteadofusinghishands,hedecidedonaratherunusualtool—thesewingmachine.Ittookhimawhiletomasterthisuniqueartform,buttodayheisrecognizedastheworld’sonlysewingmachineartist.(他開始用針線“畫畫”，但他沒有用手，而是決定使用一種相當(dāng)不尋常的工具——縫紉機(jī)。他花了一段時(shí)間才掌握這種獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)形式，但今天他被公認(rèn)為世界上唯一的縫紉機(jī)藝術(shù)家)”以及最后一段“SomeofArun’smostimpressiveworksincludea4×2feetpaintingofthecourtofRanjitSingh,whichtooktheartistoverayeartofinish.(阿倫最令人印象深刻的作品包括一幅4×2英尺的蘭吉特·辛格宮廷畫，他花了一年多的時(shí)間才完成)”可推知，Arun用針線創(chuàng)作了蘭RanjitSingh的宮廷畫。故選C?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Arunwasreallygoodatdrawingandpaintingwhilegrowingupanddreamedofbecomingafamouspainter,buthisfatherdiedsuddenly15yearsago,whichdestroyedhisplansandforcedhimtogiveupschoolinordertorunthefamilybusiness.(Arun在成長過程中非常擅長繪畫，夢想成為一名著名的畫家，但他的父親在15年前突然去世，這摧毀了他的計(jì)劃，迫使他放棄學(xué)業(yè)，為了經(jīng)營家族企業(yè))”以及最后一段“ArunrunsatailoringbusinessintheAdalatBazarofPatiala,buthedevotesalotofhistimetohisartisticdreamaswell.(Arun在帕蒂拉的AdalatBazar經(jīng)營著一家裁縫店，但他也把大量的時(shí)間用于他的藝術(shù)夢想)”可推知，Arun有天賦且努力。故選B。CIfyoustandinfrontofagroupofkids,andstartstatingfactsandideasaboutaparticulartopic,likecommontreesfoundinaforest,theireyeswillprobablybecomedullbecausethey’llgetbored.Theremightbeafewpeoplewithaparticularinterestintreeswhoremainattentive,butit’slikelythatmostwillloseinterestfairlyquickly.Butifyoustandupinfrontofthatsamegroupofpeopleandtellthemastory,somethingdifferentwillhappen.Researchershavenowquantified(量化)theemotionalbenefitsofawell-toldtale.“Weknowthatstoriescantransportustoanotherworld,”saysGuilhermeBrockington,theleadauthorofthenewpaper.Earlierresearchsuggeststhatstorieshelpchildrenprocessandregulatetheiremotions—butitwasmostlyconductedinalaboratory,withsubjectsansweringquestionswhilelyinginsideMRI(核磁共振)machines.Therearefewstudiesonpsychologicaleffectsofstorytellinginmorecommonplacescenes,suchashospitals.Soinvestigatorsworkinginseveralhospitalssplitatotalof81patientsagedbetweenfourandelevenintotwogroups,matchingthemwithstorytellerswhohadadecadeofhospitalexperience.Inonegroup,thestorytellerledeachchildinplayingariddlegame.Intheother,youngsterschosebooksandlistenedasthestorytellerreadthemaloud.Beforeandafterthesesessions,theresearchersleteachchildspitintoatube,thenaskedthemtoreporttheirpainlevelsandconductedafree-associationwordquiz.Basedontheanalysisofeachtubeofsaliva(唾液),theresearchersfoundchildreninbothgroupsshowedlowerlevelsofthestress-relatedhormone(荷爾蒙)calledcortisolandhigherlevelsofoxytocin,afeel-goodhormone.However,thecortisollevelsofkidsinthestorytellinggroupwereaquarterofthoseintheriddlegroup,andtheiroxytocinlevelswerenearlytwiceashigh.Thosewhoheardstoriesreportedpainlevelsdroppingalmosttwiceasmuchasthoseintheriddlegroup,andtheyusedmorepositivewords.Next,theinvestigatorsplantostudyhowlongtheseeffectslast.Fornow,Brockingtonsaystheresultsindicatestorytellingisalow-costandextremelyefficientwaytohelpimprovehealthoutcomes.23.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph1?A.Tostatepeople’sdifferentreactionstosomeideas.B.Tostressthemagicofstorytellingingrabbingattention.C.Toexplaintheimportanceofeyecontactinstorytelling.D.Toshowthedifficultyinmakingcommontopicsinteresting.24.Howdoesthenewstudydifferfromthepreviousresearchmentionedinparagraph2?AThenewstudywasundertakeninreal-lifesituations.B.Thenewstudywasaimedtomakehospitalstaysentertaining.C.Theresearchersmadefulluseofhigh-endlaboratoryequipment.D.Theresearchershighlightedthelinkbetweencortisollevelsandemotions.25.Whatdidtheinvestigatorsdointheirexperiment?A.Theymadethechildrenreporttheirdelightedexperiencesinhospital.B.Theyaskedchildrentoretellthenewlylearnedstories.C.Theysolvedsomeriddlegamesforthechildren.D.Theycollectedandtestedsomesalivasamples.26.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Childrenshouldbeforcedtodevelopvariousinterests.B.Readingstoriestokidscanchangetheircharactergreatly.C.Listeningtostorieshelpskidsinhospitalreducetheirpain.D.Comparedwithstorytelling,childrencanfeelbetterwhenplayingriddlegames.【答案】23.B24.A25.D26.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，講故事是一種低成本、高效的方式，有助于改善健康狀況，幫助住院的孩子減輕疼痛?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段關(guān)鍵句“Ifyoustandinfrontofagroupofkids,andstartstatingfactsandideasaboutaparticulartopic,likecommontreesfoundinaforest,theireyeswillprobablybecomedullbecausethey’llgetbored.”（如果你站在一群孩子面前，開始陳述關(guān)于某個(gè)特定話題的事實(shí)和想法，就像森林里常見的樹一樣，他們的眼睛可能會變得遲鈍，因?yàn)樗麄儠械綗o聊。）和“Butifyoustandupinfrontofthatsamegroupofpeopleandtellthemastory,somethingdifferentwillhappen.”（但如果你站在同一群人面前，給他們講一個(gè)故事，就會發(fā)生不同的事情。）可知，如果你站在一群孩子面前陳述關(guān)于某個(gè)特定話題的事實(shí)和想法，孩子們會感到無聊，但如果你給他們講一個(gè)故事，他們會感到有趣，由此可知，作者在第一段中想要強(qiáng)調(diào)講故事有吸引注意力的魔力。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“Earlierresearchsuggeststhatstorieshelpchildrenprocessandregulatetheiremotions—butitwasmostlyconductedinalaboratory,withsubjectsansweringquestionswhilelyinginsideMRI(核磁共振)machines.Therearefewstudiesonpsychologicaleffectsofstorytellinginmorecommonplacescenes,suchashospitals.”（早期的研究表明，故事有助于兒童處理和調(diào)節(jié)他們的情緒，但這主要是在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里進(jìn)行的，受試者躺在核磁共振成像機(jī)里回答問題。很少有人研究在醫(yī)院等更常見的場景中講故事的心理影響。）可知，之前的研究是在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里進(jìn)行的，而新的研究是在醫(yī)院等現(xiàn)實(shí)生活場景中進(jìn)行的，由此可知，這項(xiàng)新研究與先前研究的不同之處在于這項(xiàng)新研究是在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中進(jìn)行的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“Beforeandafterthesesessions,theresearchersleteachchildspitintoatube,thenaskedthemtoreporttheirpainlevelsandconductedafree-associationwordquiz.”（在這些實(shí)驗(yàn)的之前和之后，研究人員讓每個(gè)孩子往一根管子里吐口水，然后讓他們報(bào)告自己的疼痛程度，并進(jìn)行了一個(gè)自由的聯(lián)想單詞測試。）和第四段關(guān)鍵句“Basedontheanalysisofeachtubeofsaliva(唾液),theresearchersfoundchildreninbothgroupsshowedlowerlevelsofthestress-relatedhormone(荷爾蒙)calledcortisolandhigherlevelsofoxytocin,afeel-goodhormone.”（根據(jù)對每管唾液的分析，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，兩組兒童的壓力相關(guān)荷爾蒙皮質(zhì)醇水平較低，催產(chǎn)素水平較高，催產(chǎn)素是一種感覺良好的激素。）可知，在實(shí)驗(yàn)的之前和之后，研究人員收集了并測試了每個(gè)孩子的唾液，由此可知，研究人員在他們的實(shí)驗(yàn)中收集并測試了一些唾液樣本。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段關(guān)鍵句“Thosewhoheardstoriesreportedpainlevelsdroppingalmosttwiceasmuchasthoseintheriddlegroup,andtheyusedmorepositivewords.”（那些聽過故事的人報(bào)告說，他們的疼痛程度下降了幾乎是謎語組的兩倍，而且他們使用了更多積極的詞語。）可知，聽過故事的人的疼痛程度下降了幾乎是謎語組的兩倍，由此可知，我們可以推斷出聽故事可以幫助住院的孩子減輕疼痛。故選C項(xiàng)。DShortlyafter6amonMonday,busescarrying200immigrantsrolledintoMidtownManhattanfromTexas,Mostofthem,includingyoungchildren,worelightweightsweatersorblanketstokeepoutthecold.MayorEricAdams’administrationwarnedthat10to15busloadsofmigrantswereexpectedtoarrivethisweekduetotheliftingofTitle42,aTrump-erapublichealthrulepassedinresponsetotheCOVID-19pandemic.SupremeCourtChiefJusticeJohnRobertsonMondaytemporarilyblockedtheBidenadministrationfromendingthepandemic-eraTitle42immigrationpolicy,leavingindoubtwhetherofficialswillcontinuetodriveoffmigrantsoverconcernsaboutpublichealthrisks.Title42issettoexpire(期滿)onWednesday.“Wehavebeentoldinnouncertaintermsthat,beginningtoday,weshouldexpectaninflux(流入)ofbusescomingfromtheborderandthatmorethan1,000additionalasylum(政治避難)seekerswillarriveinNewYorkCityeveryweek,”AdamssaidinastatementreleasedonSunday.“WeneedhelpfromWashington.”SeekingtodrawtheBidenadministration’sattentiontothegrowingimmigrantcrisis,RepublicangovernorsofborderstatessuchasTexasandArizonahavebeenshippingmigrantstoDemocratic-controlledcitiessuchasNewYorkCity,PhiladelphiaandWashington,DC.NewYorkhasreceivedmorethan31,000migrantsandhasopened60emergencyshelters,mostlyinhotels,aswellassixothercenters.NewYorkCity’sschoolchancellor(校監(jiān))saidinOctoberthattheschoolsystemhasenrolledmorethan5,500newmigrantstudents,mostofwhomcamefromLatinAmerica.Adams,whodeclaredastateofemergencyoverthemigrantinfluxinOctober,saidinastatementonSundaythatifnothingchangesandthepolicyexpires,thecostofabsorbingnewmigrantswasunsustainableandcouldleadtocutstoexistingcityprograms.“Oursheltersystemisfull,andwearenearlyoutofmoney,staff,andspace.Tobehonest,ifcorrectivemeasuresarenottakensoon,wemayverywellbeforcedtocutprogramsNewYorkersrelyon,”hesaid.Adamsaccusedthefederalgovernmentofignoringthecity’spleasforaidandaccusedRepublicansandDemocratsinCongressoffailingto“raisetheirhand”tohelp.27.WhyaresomanymigrantssupposedtoarriveinNewYorkCity?A.NewYorkCityfacesamajorlaborshortage.B.Theimmigrationpolicyistobenolongervalid.C.Washingtonhasannouncedanewimmigrationrule.D.NewYorkCityprovidesthemwithbetterlivingconditions.28.WhichmightbeaRepublican-controlledplace?A.Washington,DC. B.Philadelphia.C.NewYorkCity. D.Texas.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“pleasfor”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Suppliesof. B.Benefitsof.C.Rewardsfor. D.Demandsfor.30.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthenewsreport?A.NewYorkopens60emergencysheltersB.NewYorkCityhitbynewimmigrantflowC.NewYorkCityneedshelpfromWashingtonD.NewYorkCity’sschoolsystemenrollsmanymigrantstudents【答案】27.B28.D29.D30.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要報(bào)道了由于第42條移民政策將失效，大量移民將抵達(dá)紐約，紐約受到了該移民潮的沖擊。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“MayorEricAdams’administrationwarnedthat10to15busloadsofmigrantswereexpectedtoarrivethisweekduetotheliftingofTitle42,aTrump-erapublichealthrulepassedinresponsetotheCOVID-19pandemic.(市長EricAdams的政府警告稱，由于取消了第42條，預(yù)計(jì)本周將有10至15輛公交車的移民抵達(dá)。第42條是特朗普時(shí)代為應(yīng)對COVID-19大流行而通過的公共衛(wèi)生規(guī)則)”可推知，由于第42條移民政策將不再有效，大量移民將抵達(dá)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“SeekingtodrawtheBidenadministration’sattentiontothegrowingimmigrantcrisis,RepublicangovernorsofborderstatessuchasTexasandArizonahavebeenshippingmigrantstoDemocratic-controlledcitiessuchasNewYorkCity,PhiladelphiaandWashington,DC.(為了引起拜登政府對日益嚴(yán)重的移民危機(jī)的關(guān)注，德克薩斯州和亞利桑那州等邊境州的共和黨州長一直在向紐約、費(fèi)城和華盛頓特區(qū)等民主黨控制的城市運(yùn)送移民)”可知，德克薩斯州是共和黨控制的地方。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Adamsaccusedthefederalgovernmentofignoringthecity’spleasforaidandaccusedRepublicansandDemocratsinCongressoffailingto“raisetheirhand”tohelp.(亞當(dāng)斯指責(zé)聯(lián)邦政府無視該市的援助pleasfor，并指責(zé)國會的共和黨人和民主黨人沒有“舉手”幫助)”以及“Oursheltersystemisfull,andwearenearlyoutofmoney,staff,andspace.(我們的避難所已經(jīng)滿了，我們的錢、人手和空間都快用完了)”可知，此處指請求援助。由此推知，劃線部分為“請求，懇求”的意思。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Shortlyafter6amonMonday,busescarrying200immigrantsrolledintoMidtownManhattanfromTexas.(周一早上6點(diǎn)剛過，載著200名移民的大巴車從德克薩斯州駛進(jìn)曼哈頓中城)”第五段“NewYorkhasreceivedmorethan31,000migrantsandhasopened60emergencyshelters,mostlyinhotels,aswellassixothercenters.(紐約已經(jīng)接收了3萬1千多名移民，并開設(shè)了60個(gè)緊急避難所，其中大部分在旅館里，此外還有6個(gè)中心)”以及最后一段“Oursheltersystemisfull,andwearenearlyoutofmoney,staff,andspace.(我們的避難所已經(jīng)滿了，我們的錢、人手和空間都快用完了)”可知，文章主要講了紐約受到移民潮沖擊這一問題。由此可知，NewYorkCityhitbynewimmigrantflow(紐約市遭受新移民潮沖擊)適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Russianshavemadeimportantcontributionstothedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,whichhaschangedourdailylife.HerearethreeRussiancontributionsforyoutoread.YogurtYogurthasalonghistory.ManyBulgariansclaimit,wasaccidentallydiscoveredinthecountryaround4,000yearsago.ButtherewasaRussianbiologistnamedElieMetchnikoff.____31____MetchnikofftravelledtoBulgariaandfoundalotofpeoplewhowereahundredyearsoldorolderthere.Hetheninvestigatedtheeatinghabitsofresidentsandfoundthattheyoftendrankfermented(發(fā)酵的)milk.HealsoreadBulgarianresearcherStamenGrigorov’sresearch.In1905,GrigorovdiscoveredoneofthemainbacteriainBulgarianlacticacidbacteria(乳酸菌)responsiblefortransformingmilkintoyogurt.SoMetchnikoffcameupwithatheorythatlacticacidisgoodforhumanhealthandprolongshumanlife.____32____Helivedtobe71,longerthantheaveragelifeexpectancyatthetimeafterconsuming“untoldgallons”ofyogurtaccordingtoTimemagazine.HelicopterIgorIvanovichSikorskywasbornonMay25,1889inKiev,whichatthetimewaspartofRussia.____33____Bothofhisparentswerephysicians,givingSikorskythescientificgroundingthatheneededtodevelopaircraftideas.In1939,heachievedhisgoal.HecompletedtheVS-300,pilotingthecrafthimselfduringitsfirstflight.PeriodictableHaveyouevermemorizedtheperiodictableofelements(元素周期表)?____34____Itisasingledocumentthathelpsthestudyandresearchofchemistry.OnFeb.17,1689,RussianchemistDmitriMendeleevwrotedowninahurrythesymbolsforthechemicalelements.____35____Thus,heinventedtheperiodictable.Itwasperhapsthegreatestbreakthroughinthehistoryofchemistry.Indeed,nothingquitelikeitexistsintheothersubjectsofscience,accordingtoScientificAmerican.A.Yogurtisusuallyverylowinfat.B.Theycontributedalottooursociety.C.Andtoproveit,hedrankyogurteveryday.D.Hebecameinterestedinflightatanearlyage.E.Hefirstmadeitshealthaspectscleartothepublic.F.Itisoneofthemostpowerfuliconsinscience.G.Heputtheminorderaccordingtotheiratomicweights.【答案】31.E32.C33.D34.F35.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了三個(gè)與俄羅斯相關(guān)的科學(xué)發(fā)明和發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?1題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Yogurthasalonghistory.ManyBulgariansclaimit,wasaccidentallydiscoveredinthecountryaround4,000yearsago.ButtherewasaRussianbiologistnamedElieMetchnikoff.(酸奶有著悠久的歷史。許多保加利亞人聲稱它是在大約4000年前偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)的。但是有一個(gè)叫埃利·梅契尼科夫的俄羅斯生物學(xué)家)”可知，上文提到了一位生物學(xué)家，可知本句承接上文說明他對于酸奶的研究，E選項(xiàng)中He指代上文ElieMetchnikoff。故E選項(xiàng)“他首先向公眾闡明了它的健康方面”符合語境，故選E?！?2題詳解】根據(jù)上文“SoMetchnikoffcameupwithatheorythatlacticacidisgoodforhumanhealthandprolongshumanlife.(因此，梅契尼科夫提出了乳酸對人體健康有益、延長壽命的理論)”以及后文“Helivedtobe71,longerthantheaveragelifeexpectancyatthetimeafterconsuming“untoldgallons”ofyogurtaccordingtoTimemagazine.(據(jù)《時(shí)代》雜志報(bào)道，在喝了“數(shù)不清加侖”的酸奶后，他活到了71歲，超過了當(dāng)時(shí)的平均預(yù)期壽命)”可知，Metchnikoff為了證明乳酸對人體有益，每天都在喝酸奶。故C選項(xiàng)“為了證明這一點(diǎn)，他每天都喝酸奶”符合語境，故選C?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Bothofhisparentswerephysicians,givingSikorskythescientificgroundingthatheneededtodevelopaircraftideas.(他的父母都是醫(yī)生，這給了Sikorsky發(fā)展飛機(jī)想法所需的科學(xué)基礎(chǔ))”提到了給了Sikorsky發(fā)展飛機(jī)想法，可知本句是在說明Sikorsky對飛行感興趣。故D選項(xiàng)“他很小的時(shí)候就對飛行產(chǎn)生了興趣”符合語境，故選D。【34題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Itisasingledocumentthathelpsthestudyandresearchofchemistry.(這是一個(gè)單一的文件，有助于化學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)和研究)”可知，本句應(yīng)當(dāng)是在說明元素周期表的重要性，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)It指代上文theperiodictableofelements。故F選項(xiàng)“它是科學(xué)界最有力的標(biāo)志之一”符合語境，故選F。【35題詳解】根據(jù)上文“OnFeb.17,1689,RussianchemistDmitriMendeleevwrotedowninahurrythesymbolsforthechemicalelements.(1689年2月17日，俄國化學(xué)家門捷列夫匆忙寫下了化學(xué)元素的符號)”以及后文“Thus,heinventedtheperiodictable.(因此，他發(fā)明了元素周期表)”可知，本句是在說明發(fā)明元素周期表的經(jīng)過，先是寫下元素符號，結(jié)合常識可知，元素周期表是按原子量排序的。故G選項(xiàng)“他把它們按原子量排序”符合語境，故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Mymother-in-lawleftusanunexpectedandpricelessgift.Aftershedied,myhusbandandhissisterwere___36___thecontentsofherhousewhenthey___37___everyletterthatwehadwrittentoherduringour46-yearmarriage.Shealsokeptallthelettersthatmymotherhadwrittentoherovertheyears.Duringthepandemic,I’vehadtimetoreadtheseletters.Ireadofourearlymarriedlife,our___38___tohavechildrenand,especially,the___39___ofourthreechildrenfrombirthtoadulthood,Ibeganwritingallthesedetailsformychildren,andnowtheyhavedetailsaboutwhentheyweresmall.IdiscoveredmuchthatIhad___40___.Toread