山西省長(zhǎng)治市城區(qū)第一中學(xué)2021年高三英語(yǔ)測(cè)試題含解析一、選擇題1.Itisunwisetopursueeconomicdevelopment_____theenvironment.A.inreturnfor

B.inchargeofC.asaresultof

D.atthecostof參考答案：D2.—Wouldyouliketocomeuptomyapartmentfordinnertonight?

—_____,butI’mtoobusy.

A.Noproblem

B.I’dloveto

C.Allright

D.Thankyouallthesame參考答案：B3.—Wouldyoutakethisalongtotheofficeforme?—

.

A．Withpleasure

B．That’sright

C．Nevermind

D．Don’tmentionit參考答案：A4.

He____asoldierforthreeyears.Now,heworkswithABCCompany.

A.was

B.willhavebeen

C.wouldbe

D.hasbeen參考答案：A5.It’stoomessyinyourroom.Look,bythewashingmachine

apileofdirtyclothes.

A．a(chǎn)relied

B．lay

C．a(chǎn)relying

D．lie參考答案：D略6.HernephewsareveryhappywiththeirgiftsboughtontheInternet,

arebetterthanitemssoldlocally.A.that B.which C.whose D.what參考答案：B7.—Soyousawtheaccidentwithyourowneyes?—Yes.Iforthebusacrossthestreet.A.waswaiting B.havebeenwaitingC.hadbeenwaiting D.wouldwait參考答案：A——那么你是親眼看見(jiàn)這起事故的?——是的。那時(shí)我正在街對(duì)面等公交車。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,事故發(fā)生時(shí)(過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)),答話人正在街對(duì)面等車,故要用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。8.clothes

A.says

B.buses

C.watches

D.dishes參考答案：A9.Hisfirstbook

nextmonthisbasedonatruestory.A.published

B.tobepublished

C.topublish

D.beingpublished參考答案：B考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做后置定語(yǔ)，由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)nextmonth可知所填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作，用動(dòng)詞不定式，其邏輯主語(yǔ)是所修飾的名詞book,不定式與邏輯主語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用不定式的被動(dòng)式，選B。10.Boldt'sbreakingtheworldrecordof100-meterracewasanexcitingmoment,__allofuswillneverforget.A.one B.that

C.when

D.what參考答案：A11.28一Ifyoulike,Icandosomeshoppingforyou

---That'sverykindofyouforyour____

A.service

B.offer

C.point

D.suggestion參考答案：B略12..It’sannoying!AfterIgavehermyadvice,mydaughter________goanddotheopposite.A.haveto

B.must

C.shall

D.would參考答案：【答案】13.

Iexpectedthere______moreroomformetoputinadeskinourdorm.

A.willbe

B.is

C.tobe

D.being參考答案：C14.

All

isacontinuoussupplyofthebasicnecessitiesoflife.A.whatisneeded

B.forourneedsC.thethingneeded

D.thatisneeded參考答案：D15.

youdisagreewithher,she'sworthlisteningto.A.Evenif

B.Incase

C.Onlyif

D.Eversince參考答案：A略16.—Hedidn'tfeelabitnervouswhen________.—No.He'dhadalotoftime________foritafterall.A．interviewing;toprepare

B．interviewed;toprepareC．interviewing;preparing

D．beinginterviewed;preparing參考答案：B考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。第一空為when(hewas)interviewed省略形式，表被動(dòng)；第二空為不定式作定語(yǔ)修飾time，所以選B項(xiàng)17.InSenegal,thenumberofpubliclibraries_____inthelasttenyearsthankstotheUN’sproject.A.havedoubled

B.hasdoubled

C.doubled

D.haddoubled參考答案：B18.Thefarmersinthatareaareinaterrible______becauseofthewatershortage.A.direction

B.point

C.disaster

D.attitude

參考答案：C二、書面表達(dá)19.Onceuponatimesometinyfrogsheldacompetition.Thefirsttoreachthetopofaveryhightowerwouldbethewinner.Abigcrowdgatheredaroundthetowertoseetheraceandcheerthemon.Theracebegan.Nooneinthecrowdreallybelievedthatanyofthetinyfrogswouldreachthetopoftower.“Theywillnevergettothetop!Theywillneversucceed!”someonesaid.Onebyone,thetinyfrogsbegantocollapse(退下).Thecrowdkeptshouting,“Itistoodifficult!Nofrogwillmakeit!”Moretinyfrogsgottiredandgaveup,butonecontinuedclimbing,higherandhigher.Thisonewouldn’tgiveup.Intheend,hewastheonlyoneleft—theonlyonetogettothetop.Theotherfrogsnaturallywantedtoknow:Howdidthefrogmakeit？Onefrogsteppedforwardtoaskthewinner.Itturnedoutthatthewinnerwasdeaf.Hehadwonbecausehewasabletokeephisownmind.Hewasabletokeeptrying.Hecouldn’thearcriticism;neithercouldhehearpraise.Welearnalessonfromthisstory:don’tletothers’praiseorcriticismtoholdyoubackonyourwaytosucceed.[寫作內(nèi)容](1)以約30個(gè)詞概括寓言故事的大意。(2)然后以120個(gè)詞就“如何對(duì)待別人的批評(píng)和表?yè)P(yáng)”這個(gè)主題發(fā)表你的看法,并包括如下要點(diǎn)：1)敘述著個(gè)寓言給你的啟示以及你對(duì)他人的批評(píng)和表?yè)P(yáng)的態(tài)度；2以事例說(shuō)明他人的批評(píng)或表?yè)P(yáng)給你的感受和對(duì)你的影響；3)談?wù)勚袑W(xué)生應(yīng)該如何對(duì)待老師的批評(píng)和表?yè)P(yáng)。[寫作要求](1)

可以使用自己或他人的故事,也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容,但不得直接引用原文中的句子；(2)

評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

概括準(zhǔn)確、語(yǔ)言規(guī)范、內(nèi)容合適、篇章連貫。參考答案：

Inthecompetition,onlyadeaffroggottothetopoftower.Hewontheracebecauseofhisdeafness,whichmadehimsticktohisgoalandkeeptrying.

Thisstoryindicatesthatthosenotlisteningtoother’scriticismorpraisearemorelikelytoobtainwhattheyarepursuing.Sinceourachievementslargelydependonhowwereacttoother’sfeedback,itisessentialtotakeasensibleattitudetoit.

Asweallknow,praiseandcriticismarepartofourlifeandalmosteveryonepreferspraisetocriticism.Supposeyoufailanexam,praisemayhelpbuildupyourconfidenceandbringyoumuchpleasurewhilecriticismmaydiscourageyouandgetyoudown.

Whenitcomestoteachers’praiseorcriticism,wemightaswelltakeitseriously.Praiseaswellascriticismiscommonlyemployedtokeepstudentsmotivated.Sowhateveryouencounter,acceptitwillinglyanduseittothefullest.【亮點(diǎn)說(shuō)明】Hewontheracebecauseofhisdeafness,whichmadehimsticktohisgoalandkeeptrying.句中體現(xiàn)了非限制性定語(yǔ)從句；Thisstoryindicatesthatthosenotlisteningtoother’scriticismorpraisearemorelikelytoobtainwhattheyarepursuing.句中出現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句；Sinceourachievementslargelydependonhowwereacttoother’sfeedback,itisessentialtotakeasensibleattitudetoit.原因狀語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)從句完美結(jié)合；Asweallknow,praiseandcriticismarepartofourlifeandalmosteveryonepreferspraisetocriticism.As引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句；Supposeyoufailanexam,praisemayhelpbuildupyourconfidenceandbringyoumuchpleasurewhilecriticismmaydiscourageyouandgetyoudown.Suppose后面是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，while引導(dǎo)并列句；Whenitcomestoteachers’praiseorcriticism,wemightaswelltakeitseriously.使用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；Sowhateveryouencounter,acceptitwillinglyanduseittothefullest.Whatever引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句巧妙使用。20.

讀寫任務(wù)（共1小題，滿分25分）閱讀下面的短文，然后按要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文。

KariWatkinsloveshangingoutwithherfriends.That'snotsurprising.Kariis16andit'stypicalforteenagerstospendtimewiththeirpeers,especiallytheirpals.Soitmakessensewhenshegetsmadabouthavingtoleaveget-togetherswithherfriendsearlytomeetherparents'rulethatshemuststayathomeafter9p.m.

"Sometimesmyparentsdon'tletmedoanything,"Karisays."Itseemsthattheirrulesarefora10-year-oldchild,nota16-year-oldone."Kariadmitssheoftenrespondstoherparents'rulesbyopenlycomplainingaboutthem.Andtogetherprideagain,shesometimesdoeswhatshewants—behindherparents'backs.

Kari'sunwillingnesstoobeyherparentsmayremindyouofyourownbehaviortowardyourmomanddad.Andthegoodnewsforyoungpeopleisthatitisnormalforteenstorebelagainsttheirparents."Allteensgothroughaprocessofseparatingfromtheirparentsinordertogainsomeindependenceandasenseofidentity,"saysGlennKashurba,achildandadolescentpsychiatrist(精神病學(xué)家)."Sometimesthisprocessisaccompaniedbysomeanger,defiance(反抗),andeye-rolling.Butthisstageofshiftingrelationshipsisanimportantpartofgrowingup."[寫作內(nèi)容]1.以約30個(gè)詞概括上文的主要內(nèi)容；2.然后以約120個(gè)詞談?wù)劇扒嗌倌晷睦砼涯嫫凇保瑑?nèi)容包括：1)你或你熟悉的朋友在青少年心理叛逆期的表現(xiàn)以及父母的態(tài)度；2)在心理叛逆期，你是如何改善和父母的關(guān)系。[寫作要求]1.在作文中可以使用自己親身的經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；2.作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱。[評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)]概括準(zhǔn)確，語(yǔ)言規(guī)范，內(nèi)容合適，篇章連貫。

參考答案：Possibleversions:

Asanadolescent,Karigoesthroughanunavoidablebutsignificantgrowing-upprocessofshowingherpersonalityandestablishingindependencebydoingwhatwillannoyherparentstorebelagainstthem.

IhavethesimilarexperiencelikeKari.ItseemedthateverythingIdidneversatisfiedmyparents.IthoughtIhadgrownup,andIcouldmakemyowndecision,enjoymyfavoritefilmsormusic,andwearthefashionableclothesandhaveaspecialhairstyleandsoon.Itisthedifferencebetweenmyparentsandmethatmakesusinvolvedinendlesscomplainandquarrelwitheachother.

Eventually,Icometorealizethatitisnouserebellingagainstmyparents,andIshoulddosomethingtoimprovetherelationshipbetweenus.Ibegintodiscusseverythingwithmyparents,anddohouseworkwithoutbeingasked.What’smore,Iwillgobackhomeearlyanddon’tmakethemworriedaboutmysafety.Gradually,myparentsknowIhaveasenseofresponsibility,andletmedomorewhatIwant.略三、閱讀理解21.Someyearsago,Michel-AndrefoundhimselfstaringatthebodyofadeadwhaleonabeachintheCanaryIslands.Itwasobviousthattheanimalhadbeenstruckviolentlybyaship——butwhy?Onlylater,aftersurveyingthewhaleswhichlivedintheareaandmeasuringtheincreaseofsoundpollutionfromshipsdiditbecomeclearthattherewasalink.Thewhaleshadbecomedesensitisedtothenoiseofapproachingboatsandwerebeingstruckbythem,oftenseriously.“Weneverthoughtthatthiscouldbesomethingthatcouldkill,”recalls(回憶)Andre,whoisthedirectoroftheLaboratoryofAppliedBioacousticsattheTechnicalUniversityofCatalonia,Barcelona.Andrehasspent20yearsdevelopinganadvancedsystemtobetterunderstandwhyincidentslikethishappen.Hisunderwatermicrophoneshaveexposedaworldofdeafeningsoundandanimalcommunicationneverobservedwithsuchclarity(清晰)before.Itwasnotaneasytask.Soundwavesdon'ttravelthroughwaterintheuniform,predictablewaytheydothroughtheair.Instead,thetemperature,salinity(鹽度)and,flowofwaterhavegreateffectsontheirpath.Whatcanbedone?Onesolutionistochangeshippingroutestocourseswhereshipsarestatisticallylesslikelytomeetanimals.It’salsopossibletoslowshipsdownto18km/horless,whichislesslikelytoseriouslyinjureawhale.Asfordealingwiththerootcauseoftheproblem,theUN’sInternationalMaritimeOrganisationhasalreadypublishedguidelinesonhowtoquietenships,butitwillbeawhilebeforetheeffectsofsuchchangesmightbeobserved.“Theoceanisnotourworld,”commentsAndre.Butitisourstolookafter.Andthankstohiswork,wecanbetterunderstandtheeffectsofsubseasoundpollution.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“desensitised”inParagraph2mean?A.Stubborn. B.Flexible. C.Dull. D.Friendly.33.What’sonewaytosolvetheproblemaccordingtothetext?A.Tolowerthespeedofships.B.Toreducethenumberofships.C.Tosetuppreservesunderthesea.D.Togivetheinjuredanimalstimelytreatment.34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardswhatMichelAndrehasdone?A.Doubtful. B.Disapproving. C.Positive. D.Uncaring.35.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Agreatexpert. B.Noiseinthesea.C.Animalsinthesea. D.Seaexplorationtechnology.參考答案：32.C

33.A

34.C

35.B【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了海底噪音對(duì)海洋生物的影響以及如何降低海底噪音的問(wèn)題?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后的thenoiseofapproachingboatsandwerebeingstruckbythem,oftenseriously可知，鯨魚被靠近的船只碰撞，因?yàn)樗鼈兛赡苁菍?duì)船只所產(chǎn)生的噪音比較“遲鈍”。故可知?jiǎng)澗€部分單詞意思為“遲鈍的”。A.Stubborn.固執(zhí)的；B.Flexible.靈活的；C.Dull.遲鈍的；D.Friendly.友好的。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的It’salsopossibletoslowshipsdownto18km/horless,whichislesslikelytoseriouslyinjureawhale.（也有可能將船只減速到每小時(shí)18公里或更少，這樣就不太可能嚴(yán)重傷害鯨魚。）可知，降低船只速度是文中提到的一種解決辦法。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Andthankstohiswork,wecanbetterunderstandtheeffectsofsubseasoundpollution.（由于他的工作，我們可以更好地了解海底聲音污染的影響。）可知，作者對(duì)MichelAndre所做的工作十分認(rèn)可。故選C。【35題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了海底噪音對(duì)海洋生物的影響以及如何降低海底噪音的問(wèn)題，故B項(xiàng)最符合文章主旨?！军c(diǎn)睛】詞義猜測(cè)題是高考閱讀理解中?？碱}型之一，可以大致分為①定義猜詞，可以根據(jù)定義信息和舉例猜測(cè)詞義。如文中常用referto，becalled或that’stosay，suchas等。②邏輯猜詞可以根據(jù)同義詞、反義詞、因果關(guān)系詞等猜測(cè)詞義，例如，similarly,thesameas,but,however,while,ontheotherhand,since,because等，所猜詞與這些提示詞前/后面部分的含義一樣、相反或是前因后果。③語(yǔ)法猜詞，可以根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法，再結(jié)合上下文進(jìn)行猜詞。④語(yǔ)境猜詞，猜測(cè)詞義離不開上下文的語(yǔ)境，通過(guò)上下文提供的情景和線索進(jìn)行合理的分析，同時(shí)還要關(guān)注其所在的整段及整篇文章。⑤指代猜詞即找出人稱代詞、指示代詞、關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞等所指代的內(nèi)容，做題時(shí)要注意指代詞的位置，以便于判斷，然后用所找的指代內(nèi)容替換劃線代詞，核實(shí)其邏輯、意義、位置等是否一致，最后比較所找部分與選項(xiàng)，確定意思最接近的選項(xiàng)。比如本題1，根據(jù)劃線詞后的thenoiseofapproachingboatsandwerebeingstruckbythem,oftenseriously可知，鯨魚被靠近的船只碰撞，因?yàn)樗鼈兛赡苁菍?duì)船只所產(chǎn)生的噪音比較“遲鈍”。故可知?jiǎng)澗€部分單詞意思為“遲鈍的”。A.Stubborn.固執(zhí)的；B.Flexible.靈活的；C.Dull.遲鈍的；D.Friendly.友好的。故選C。22.SomeidiomaticphrasesinEnglish,oftenusedinbothspokenandwrittenlanguage,areveryconfusing!Theydon’tevenmakesensewhenyoufirstseethem.However,usingoneofthesephrasescorrectlywhenspeakingorwritingtoanEnglishspeakerisveryimpressiveandshowsthatyouarecomfortablewiththelanguage.HerearesomewonderfulandinterestingBritishidioms.Usethemwisely.Whenpigsfly!ThisexpressionisoneofmyfavoritesandIuseitallthetime.Itisusedprimarilywhenspeaking,meaningthatsomethingisextremelyunlikelyorimpossible.Forexample,“Iwillforgivehimwhenpigsfly!”“Whendoyouthinkyouwillgetagymmembership,Lucy?”“Whenpigsfly!”Apennyforyourthoughts?Thisquestionisusedinasituationwheresomeoneappearsthoughtfulorisveryquietseeminglostinthought.Butrememberthatyoudon’tactuallyhavetopaythemapennyiftheydotellyouwhatisgoingon!Forexample,“You’vebeenabitquietthisevening,Pete.Apennyforyourthoughts?”It’sthebee’skneesThephrasedatesbacktothe1920s,andreferstoanextraordinaryperson,thing,idea,andsoon.Forexample,