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山西省臨汾市華望中學2022-2023學年高三英語模擬試題含解析一、選擇題1.Anunhappychildhoodmayhavesomenegativeimpactsonaperson’scharacter-shaping.However,theyarenotalways___________.A.practical B.avoidableC.permanent D.beneficial參考答案:C【詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.practical實際的;實用的;B.avoidable可以避免的;C.permanent永久的;D.beneficial有益的;句意:不幸福的童年對一個人的性格塑造有一些消極的影響。然而,這些影響并不永久存在。根據(jù)句意可知C項符合語境,指這些消極影響可能被消除。故C項正確。2._____putintoprison_____toregretwhathehaddone.A.Notuntilwashe…h(huán)ebegan
B.Notuntilhewas…didhebeginC.Onlyafterhewas…thathebegan
D.Scarcelyhadbebeen…than參考答案:B略3.---HowdoyouthinkIcanmakeupwithTony?
---Putaside______youdisagreeandtrytofind______youhaveincommon.
A.what;whatB.what;whereC.where;what
D.where;where參考答案:考點:考查名詞性從句【答案】4.
Little_______thatthebasketballheonceplayedcouldbesoldfor150,000yuanatauction.A.YaoMingexpected
B.YaoMinghadexpectedC.didYaoMingexpect
D.hadYaoMingexpected參考答案:D5.Ifyouseethingsinanegativelight,youwillfindfaultseverywhereandproblemswheretherearereally________.A.none
B.someC.many
D.nothing參考答案:A【詳解】考查代詞辨析。句意:如果你用消極的眼光看待事物,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)到處都是錯誤,到處都是問題。A.none沒有任何東西;B.some一些;C.many許多;D.nothing無事,無物。此處指沒有問題的地方也有問題,故選A.6.Thecompanyisnowin____chargeofMr.Smith,whowasmade_____managerofitlastweek.A./;the
B.the;the
C.the;/
D./;/參考答案:C7.________twiceayear,whetheritisacarorbusoratruck,istherulethateverydrivermustobeyinthiscity.A.Examined
B.Examining
C.Havingbeenexamined
D.Beingexamined參考答案:D句意:一年檢查車兩次是這個城市每個司機必須要遵守的規(guī)則,無論是小汽車、公交車或是卡車。此處作主語,故用動詞的-ing形式,因為車是被檢查,所以用被動。故選C。8.YuanLongpinghaswonmanyawards,
showshisextraordinaryachievements.A.what B.that C.who D.which參考答案:D9.Aroundtwoo’clockeverynight,Suewillstarttalkinginherdream.Itsomewhat________us.
A.bothers B.hadbothered C.wouldbother D.bothered參考答案:A10.—Ithoughttomorrowwasthedeadlineformyconfirmation.—Nevermind.Callmelaterandtellmewhatyou________then.A.wouldthink
B.hadthought
C.think
D.thought參考答案:C11.AftergreateffortsPresidentObanomawaselectedtoasecond
ofoffice.A.turn
B.round
C.term
D.stage參考答案:C12.30.AfterwatchingthemovieInception《盜夢空間》,IboughtsomeDVDcopiesofthefilm,butnow
-_______isleft.
A.noone
B.nothing
C.none
D.neither參考答案:C略13.HetookpossessionofNewZealand_______theBritishCrown.
A.tothenameof
B.inthenameof
C.underthenameof
D.ofthenameof參考答案:A14.Ican’trememberwhen______turningpointoccurredexactly,butitmightbe______summermorningwhenIwasinNewYork.A.不填;a
B.a;a
C.the;a
D.a;the參考答案:C15.He______writingthepapernow.Hehadn’twrittenasinglewordwhenIlefthimtenminutesago.A.shouldn’tbe B.can’thavefinishedC.can’tbe D.mustn’thavefinished參考答案:B【詳解】考查推測句。句意:他現(xiàn)在不可能寫完了卷子。我十分鐘之前留下他時,他還沒有寫一個字。根據(jù)句意可知,此處考查對過去情況的否定推測,其表達為can’thavedone不可能做某事,故選B項?!军c睛】本題考查推測句對過去情況的肯定推測是musthavedone對過去情況的否定推測是can’t/couldn’thavedone例如:Thegroundiswet,soitmusthaverainedlastnight.Hecan’thavefinishedhiswork,becauseheplayedbasketballalldayyesterday.16.
—How
did
you
like
Nick—To
be
honest,
his
singing
didn’t
_______to
me
much
A.
appeal
B
.
belong
C
refer
D.
occur參考答案:A二、完型填空17.完型填空(共20小題;每小題1分,滿分20分)閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從第61—80
各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C
和D)
中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卷上將該項涂黑。Sincemyfamilywerenotgoingtobehelpful,IdecidedIwouldlookforoneallbymyselfandnottellthemaboutittillI’dgotone.
Ihadseenanagency(中介機構)advertisedinalocalnewspaper.Irushedoutofthe61
insearchofit.Iwaswildlyexcited,andas
62
asifIweregoingonthestage.Findingthe
63
quiteeasily,Iranbreathlesslythroughadoorwhichsaid“Enterwithoutknocking,ifyouplease.”
Thesimpleatmosphereoftheoffice
64
me.Thewomanlookedcarefullyatme65throughherglasses,andthen
66
meinalowvoice.Iansweredsoftly.AllofasuddenIstartedtofeelrather
67
.ShewonderedwhyIwaslookingforthissortof
68
.Ifeltevenmorehelplesswhenshetoldmethatitwouldbe
69
togetajobwithout
70
.IwonderedwhetherIoughttoleave,
71
thetelephoneonherdeskrang.Iheardhersay:“72
,I’vegotsomeoneinthe
73
atthisverymomentwhomight
74
.”Shewrotedowna75
,andhelditouttome,saying:“Ringupthislady.Shewantsa
76
immediately.Infact,youwouldhavetostarttomorrowbycookingadinnerfortenpeople.”
“Ohyes,”saidI—
77
havingcookedformorethanfourinmylife.I
78
heragainandagain,andrushedouttothe
79
telephonebox.Icollectedmythoughts,tookadeepbreath,andrangthenumber.IsaidconfidentlythatIwasjustwhatshewaslookingfor.Ispentthenextfewhours
80
cookbooks.61.A.bed
Bhouse
C.agency
D.office
62.A.proud
B.pleased
C.nervous
D.worried
63.A.family
B.door
C.place D.stage
64.A.calmed
B.excited
C.frightened
D.disturbed
65.A.asusual
B.forawhile
C.inaminute
D.onceagain
66.A.advised
B.examined
C.informed
D.questioned
67.A.encouraged
B.dissatisfied
C.hopeless
D.pleased
68.A.place
B.job
C.advice
D.help
69.A.difficult
B.helpless
C.possible
D.unusual
70.A.ability
B.experience
C.
knowledge
D.study
71.A.after
B.since
C.
until
D.when
72.A.Aboveall
B.Asamatteroffact C.
Asaresult
D.Inspiteofthat
73.A.family
B.house
C.
office
D.restaurant
74.A.hire
B.accept
C.
suit
D.offer
75.A.letter B.name
C.
note
D.number
76.A.cook
B.help
C.
teacher
D.secretary
77.A.almost
B.never C.
nearly
D.really
78.A.answered
B.promised
C.
thanked
D.told
79.A.outside
B.local
C.
closest
D.nearest
80.A.borrowing
B.buying
C.
reading
D.writing參考答案:61.BCCAB
66.DCBAB
71.DBCCD
76.ABCDC略三、閱讀理解18.Whenadriverslamsonthebrakestoavoidhittingapedestriancrossingtheroadillegally,sheismakingamoraldecisionthatshiftsriskfromthepedestriantothepeopleinthecar.Self-drivingcarsmightsoonhavetomakesuchethical(道德的)judgmentsontheirown—butsettlingonauniversalmoralcodeforthevehiclescouldbeatoughtask,suggestsasurvey.Thelargesteversurveyofmachineethics,calledtheMoralMachine,laidout13possiblesituationsinwhichsomeone’sdeathwasunavoidable.Respondentswereaskedtochoosewhotospareinsituationsthatinvolvedamixofvariables:youngorold,richorpoor,morepeopleorfewer.Within18months,theonlinequizhadrecorded40milliondecisionsmadebypeoplefrom233countriesandterritories.Whentheresearchersanalysedtheseanswers,theyfoundthatthenationscouldbedividedintothreegroups.OnecontainsNorthAmericaandseveralEuropeannationswhereChristianityhasbeenthedominant(占支配地位的)religion;anotherincludescountriessuchasJapan,IndonesiaandPakistan,withstrongConfucianorIslamictraditions.AthirdgroupconsistsofcountriesinCentralandSouthAmerica,suchasColombiaandBrazil.Thefirstgroupshowedastrongerpreferenceforsacrificingolderlivestosaveyoungeronesthandidthesecondgroup,forexample.Theresearchersalsoidentifiedrelationshipsbetweensocialandeconomicfactorsinacountry.Theyfoundthatpeoplefromlywealthycountrieswithstronginstitutions,suchasFinlandandJapan,moreoftenchosetohitpeoplewhosteppedintotrafficillegallythandidrespondentsinnationswithweakerinstitutions,suchasNigeriaorPakistan.Peoplerarelyfacesuchmoraldilemmas,andsomecitiesquestionwhetherthepossiblesituationsposedintheonlinequizarerelevanttotheethicalandpracticalquestionssurroundingdriverlesscars.Buttheresearchersarguethatthefindingsrevealculturaldifferencesthatgovernmentsandmakersofself-drivingcarsmusttakeintoaccountiftheywantthevehiclestogainpublicacceptance.AtleastBarbaraWege,whoheadsagroupworkingonautonomous-vehicleethicsatAudiinIngolstadt,Germany,sayssuchstudiesarevaluable.Wegearguesthatself-drivingcarswouldcausefeweraccidents,proportionally,thanhumandriversdoeachyear—butthatpeoplemightfocusmoreoneventsinvolvingrobots.SurveyssuchastheMoralMachinecanhelptobeginpublicdiscussionsabouttheseunavoidableaccidentsthatmightdeveloptrust.“Weneedtocomeupwithasocialconsensus,”shesays,“aboutwhichriskswearewillingtotake.”38.Whyisitdifficulttosetuniversalmoralrulesforprogrammingself-drivingcars?A.Socialvaluesalwayschangewiththetimes.B.Moralchoicesvarybetweendifferentcultures.C.Drivershaveapreferenceforsacrificingtheweak.D.Carmakersarefacedwithdecisionsoflifeordeath.39.Theresearchersconductedthestudyby_____.A.usingamassiveonlinequizworldwideB.comparingdifferentculturesandcustomsC.dividingtherespondentsintothreegroupsD.performingaseriesofcontrolledexperiments40.Accordingtothestudy,inwhichcountryaredriversmorelikelytohitapedestriancrossingtheroadillegally?A.Nigeria
B.ColombiaC.Finland
D.Indonesia41.BarbaraWegewouldprobablyagreethat_____.A.Self-drivingcarswillgreatlyimprovethetrafficenvironmentB.Accidentscausedbyself-drivingcarsmightreceivemoreattentionC.Problemsinvolvingself-drivingcarsmightshakethepublictrustinsocietyD.Carmakersneedn’ttaketheriskofsolvingself-drivingcarethicaldilemmas參考答案:38.
B
39.
A
40.
C
41.
B
這是一篇議論文。文章主要講了當一名司機猛踩剎車以避免撞到非法穿越馬路的行人時,她是在做一個道德上的決定,將風險從行人轉移到車內的人。自動駕駛汽車可能很快就不得不做出這樣的道德的判斷了。38.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題目定位到第一段butsettlingonauniversalmoralcodeforthevehiclescouldbeatoughtask,suggestsasurvey.看到下一段講了這個survey,第三段揭示了研究結果:nationscouldbedividedintothreegroups,第四段alsoidentified…inacountry,通過nations,country可知實驗結果按照不同國家劃分,可見是文化差異differentcultures,故選B。39.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二行onlinequiz可知A正確;B選項作者只是展示不同文化的moralchoices,未提及比較;C選項根據(jù)第三段開頭analyzedtheseanswers,theyfoundthatnationscouldbedividedintothreegroups說明divided是研究結果得出的,而非conductthestudy使用的方法;D選項文章未提及experiment,research是通過analyzedtheseanswers得出的,故選A。40.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題目定位到第四段第三行FinlandandJapan,moreoftenchosetohitpeoplewhosteppedintotrafficillegally可知根據(jù)這項研究,芬蘭的司機更有可能撞上非法穿越馬路的行人,故選C。41.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)人名定位到最后兩段,最后一段Surveys…canhelptobeginpublicdiscussionsabouttheseunavoidableaccidents可知BarbaraWege可能會同意無人駕駛汽車引發(fā)的事故可能會受到更多關注,B正確;A選項倒數(shù)第二段只提到causefeweraccidents,proportionally不等于greatlyimprove;C選項最后一段thatmightdeveloptrust可知C錯誤;D選項carmakersneedn’ttakerisk文章完全沒有提及,故選B。
19.閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
Peoplehavestrangeideasaboutfood.Forexample,thetomatoisakindofverydeliciousvegetable.Itisoneoftheusefulplantsthatcanbepreparedinmanyways.Ithasrichnutrition(營養(yǎng))andvitamin(維他命)init.Butinthe18thcentury,Americansneveratetomatoes.Theygrewthemintheirgardensbecausetomatoplantsaresopretty.Buttheythoughtthevegetablewaspoisonous(有毒的).Theycalledtomatoes“poisonapples”.
President(總統(tǒng))ThomasJefferson,however,knewthattomatoesweregoodtoeat.Hewasalearnedman.HehadbeentoParis,wherehelearnedtolovethetasteoftomatoes.Hegrewmanykindsoftomatoesinhisgarden.ThePresidenttaughthiscookawayforacreamoftomatosoup.ThisbeautifulpinksoupwasservedatthePresident’sparty.Thegueststhoughtthesouptastedreallygood.Theynever
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