文化學(xué)視角下少林拳“拳禪合一〞的特點研究,武術(shù)論文題目：文化學(xué)視角下少林拳“拳禪合一〞的特點研究第一章：第二章第三章：4.1：4.2：結(jié)論/以下為參考文獻：摘要隨著經(jīng)濟全球化的發(fā)展，我們國家綜合國力固然得到提升，但發(fā)展極不平衡，對于提升我們國家文化軟實力已經(jīng)迫在眉睫，這就要求我們不能一味的去迎合西方文化理念，而是要充分挖掘和發(fā)揚本國自有的文化亮點，打造自個的文化重心，進而去影響和抗衡外來文化，只要這樣才能在競爭劇烈的將來保存自個的特色，贏取更多的主動權(quán)。在這里背景下，少林文化作為我們國家優(yōu)秀的傳統(tǒng)文化之一，更應(yīng)捉住機遇主動走出去，提升我們國家文化軟實力。但是少林文化在推廣的經(jīng)過中面臨著眾多問題需要去解決，否則，就會丟失核心競爭力，降低其影響力。少林文化自改革開放以后遭到廣泛關(guān)注，尤其少林寺在得到和非遺組織的認可后更是引起全世界的關(guān)注。隨著少林文化的傳播，以拳禪合一思想為主要特點的少林拳引起了人們的極大興趣，少林拳以難以想象的速度急速傳播和發(fā)展，現(xiàn)已遍布世界各地，但是急速傳播的經(jīng)過中出現(xiàn)了傳播重心偏離的現(xiàn)象，在傳播的經(jīng)過中人們愈加注重技術(shù)的傳播，弱化了禪學(xué)思想的傳播，這對于少林拳的本質(zhì)問題造成了極大的誤解，長此以往下去人們對于少林拳的理解會發(fā)生質(zhì)的變化，所以，對于少林拳拳禪合一的分析研究有利于人們更清楚的了解少林拳，有利于了解中國傳統(tǒng)文化。少林拳拳禪合一是一種文化現(xiàn)象，構(gòu)成經(jīng)過是受中國特有的自然和人文環(huán)境影響，所以少林拳的研究應(yīng)該是文化學(xué)范疇的研究。本文以文化學(xué)視角，以武術(shù)文化形態(tài)三層次論〔物器技術(shù)層、制度風(fēng)俗層、心理價值層〕為主要理論根據(jù)和基礎(chǔ)，運用文獻資料法、實地考察法、比擬分析法、邏輯分析法等研究方式方法，理清少林禪宗是怎樣對少林拳文化三個層次進行引導(dǎo)，少林拳文化從三層次又怎樣反應(yīng)禪宗，以期到達理清少林拳拳禪合一這種文化現(xiàn)象構(gòu)成的歷史發(fā)展脈絡(luò)，了解少林拳和少林禪宗之間的互相關(guān)系，分析兩者之間是怎樣互相作用，從本質(zhì)上認識少林拳拳禪合一特點。經(jīng)過研究得出下面結(jié)論：1.禪宗的世俗化對防衛(wèi)能力提出了需求，是少林拳構(gòu)成的基礎(chǔ)。民間武術(shù)和軍事武術(shù)借助少林寺平臺，經(jīng)過禪宗有條件選擇和創(chuàng)新，最終構(gòu)成了處處具體表現(xiàn)出禪宗思想，具有明顯區(qū)別于其他拳種特點的少林拳。2.從文化學(xué)角度對少林拳構(gòu)成和發(fā)展可劃分為散兵游勇、枝繁葉茂、花滿人間三個階段，劃分根據(jù)為少林寺重大變革對少林拳文化構(gòu)造能否產(chǎn)生重大影響。3.少林拳拳禪合一主要具體表現(xiàn)出在以禪引拳和以拳修禪.從傳統(tǒng)武術(shù)文化形態(tài)三層次角度分析，禪宗對少林拳文化物器技術(shù)層主要從頓悟教義引導(dǎo)拓寬了少林拳體系構(gòu)造，不立文字，教外別傳的傳禪方式引導(dǎo)豐富了少林拳風(fēng)格多樣，禪宗漸修的修行方式成就了少林拳的高超技藝，禪宗戒約引導(dǎo)影響了少林拳的技術(shù)構(gòu)造四個方面進行了引導(dǎo)。禪宗對少林拳文化制度風(fēng)俗層主要從禪宗的世俗化直接促成了少林拳的產(chǎn)生，宗法門頭制度確實立促成了少林拳體系成立兩方面進行了引導(dǎo)。禪宗對少林拳文化心理價值層主要通過普度眾生的禪宗目的賦予了少林拳正義的象征，禪法要求僧徒行為忍,心理悟的處世態(tài)度兩方面進行了引導(dǎo)。以拳修禪方面，少林拳物器技術(shù)層面主要通過習(xí)練少林拳能夠明顯提高寺僧的修禪效率，研習(xí)少林拳拳理和拳法能夠?qū)嵺`禪宗要求的大慈大悲兩方面對禪宗發(fā)展施加影響。少林拳制度風(fēng)俗層主要通過少林拳具備的防衛(wèi)能力為禪宗發(fā)展提供了相對穩(wěn)定的環(huán)境保障。少林拳心理價值層主要通過悟拳理到達明心見性的禪宗目地。本文關(guān)鍵詞語：少林拳；少林禪宗；拳禪合一AbstractWiththedevelopmentofeconomicglobalization,Chinascomprehensivenationalstrengthhasbeenimprovedthough,butdevelopmentishighlyuneven,forenhancingChinasculturalsoftpowerisimminent,whichrequiresustocatertonotblindlyWesternculturalideas,buttofullyexploitanddevelophighlightsoftheirownculture,tocreatetheirownculturalcenter,andthustoinfluenceandcompetewithforeignculture,theonlywaytosavetheirowncharacteristicsinthefiercecompetitioninthefuture,towinmoreinitiative.InthiscontextShaolincultureasoneofthebestoftraditionalculture,theyshouldtaketheinitiativetogooutandseizetheopportunitytoenhancethesoftpowerofculture.ButfacedwiththeShaolincultureintheprocessofpromotingtheneedtosolvemanyproblems,otherwise,youwilllosethecorecompetitiveness,reduceitsinfluence.Shaolincultureattractedwidespreadattentionsincethereformandopeningup,especiallyinthetempleistobeofconcerntotheworldtoberecognizedafterthegovernmentandnon-heritageorganizations.WiththespreadofShaolinculture,BuddhistsyncretisminboxingasthemainfeaturesofShaolinquanarousedgreatinterest,Shaolinquanwithunimaginablespeedrapidspreadanddevelopment,,buttheprocessappearsintherapidspreadofthespreadofthecenterofgravityofthephenomenon,intheprocessofdisseminationinwhichpeoplepaymoreattentiontothespreadoftechnology,theweakeningofthespreadofZenthinking,whichisessentiallytheproblemofShaolinquancausedgreatmisunderstanding,ifthingsgoonitforShaolinquanunderstandingofnatureoccurchange,therefore,foranalysisstudyZenShaolinSincereunityisconducivetopeopleaclearerunderstandingofShaolinboxing,helpustounderstandtraditionalChineseculture.SincereZenShaolinunityisaculturalphenomenon,theformationprocessisaffectedbyChinasuniquenaturalandhumanenvironmentalimpacts,thestudyshouldbestudiedShaolinquanCulturalcategory.ThroughCulturalPerspective,threemartialartshierarchyofculturalforms〔physicallayertechnology,systemscustomlayer,psychologicalvaluelayer〕asthemaintheoreticalbasis,theuseofliterature,fieldtrips,comparativeanalysis,logicalanalysisandothermethodsresearch,inordertoachieveunityofthissortofZenShaolinImpossibleculturalphenomenonofthehistoricaldevelopmentoftheformation,tounderstandtherelationshipbetweenZenShaolinShaolinquanandanalyzehowtheinteractionbetweenthetwo,understandingessenceofShaolinquanfistZenonefeatures.TheResults:1.AZensecularizationraiseddemandfordefensecapabilities,isthebasisfortheformationofShaolinquan.FolkandmilitaryaidofShaolinmartialartsplatform,throughZenconditionalchoiceandinnovation,andultimatelytheformationofaZenreflectedeverywhere,withobviouscharacteristicsdifferentfromotherboxingShaolinquan.2.FromtheculturalperspectiveontheformationanddevelopmentofShaolinquancanbeclassifiedasstragglers,flourish,flowerPoppinsinthreestages,dividedaccordingtotheoccurrenceofmajorchangestothestructureofthecultureofShaolinquanisamajorculturalstructureaffected.3.ShaolinquanZenfistoneismainlyreflectedintheZencitedfistandfistmeditation.Fromthetraditionalmartialartsculturethree-levelperspective,ZenShaolinquanculturalmaterialtechnologylayermainlytobootfromEpiphanydoctrinebroadenstheShaolinquan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