名詞期末復(fù)習(xí)——名詞的定義

名詞是表示人,事物,地點(diǎn)或抽象概念的名稱。

desk桌子time時間life生活book書本room房間honesty誠實(shí)worker工人pencil鉛筆computer計(jì)算機(jī)

專有名詞是個別的人、地、物、團(tuán)體、機(jī)構(gòu)等的專用名稱。專有名詞中實(shí)詞的第一個字母要大寫。如：Beijing,Tom,thePeople’sRepublicofChina(中華人民共和國)

專有名詞如果是含有普通名詞的短語,則必須使用定冠詞the。如：theGreatWall(長城)

姓氏名如果采用復(fù)數(shù)形式,則表示該姓氏一家人(復(fù)數(shù)含義),如：theGreens(格林一家人)。普通名詞是表示某些人,某類事物,某種物質(zhì)或抽象概念的名稱。。如：pupil,family,man,foot.

普通名詞又可以分為四類

1)個體名詞:表示單個的人和事物。

house馬car汽車room房間apple蘋果fun風(fēng)扇picture照片

2)集體名詞:表示一群人或一些事物的名稱。

people人們family家庭army軍隊(duì)classgovernment政府group集團(tuán)

grade

3)物質(zhì)名詞:表示物質(zhì)或不具備確定形狀和大小的個體的物質(zhì)。

firerainsnowwind

airwatermilktime

4)抽象名詞:表示動作,狀態(tài),品質(zhì)或其他抽象概念。

labour勞動health健康life生活friendship友情patience耐力confidencecare

名詞可數(shù)名詞

不可數(shù)名詞（量的表示）單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)（形式變化）aanonethe可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則①在單數(shù)名詞詞尾加s。如：melon→melons,vegetable→vegetables.②s,,x,sh,ch結(jié)尾的詞加es.

如：class→classes,box→boxes,

dish→dishes,peach→peachessandwich→sandwiches

[注]：少數(shù)以o結(jié)尾的詞,變復(fù)數(shù)時只加s。如：photo→photos,piano→pianos.radios③以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞,變y為i,再加es。如：family→families,

city→cities,

strawberry→strawberriespartystoryboytoykeymonkey

④以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞,變f或fe為v,再加es。

如：shelf→shelves,wolf→wolves,life→lives,

knife→kniveswife,leaf⑤不規(guī)則變化

man→men

woman→women

sheep→sheep

tooth→teethchild→children

goose→geesefoot---feet

fish→fish不可數(shù)名詞一般沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式Exercises將下列單詞變成復(fù)數(shù)bus-class-box-match-watch-tomato-potato-radio-photo-zoo-family-country-city-story-baby-key-boy-life-knife-leaf-woman-

Frenchman-foot-American-Chinese-sheep-child-buses

classes

boxesmatches

watches

tomatoespotatoesradios

photoszoosfamilies

countiescities

stories

babieskeys

boyssheep

childrenknivesleaveslivesFrenchmenwomenAmericansfeet

Chinese不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量的表達(dá)法：在不可數(shù)名詞前加of短語,利用量詞和容器的數(shù)量來表示不可數(shù)名詞的“量”.

abottleofmilk---twobottlesofmilkapieceofmeat---threepiecesofmeat表示不可數(shù)名詞量的相關(guān)詞語還有：some,alotof,much,alittle,little,lotsof……鞏固練習(xí):(1)一茶杯茶（2）一塊冰（3）兩公斤肉（4）五瓶桔汁（5）許多瓶牛奶重點(diǎn)再現(xiàn)abottleofjuiceaglassofmilkabagofrice

apoundofbreadapieceofmeatakiloofchicken2bottlesofjuice3glassesofmilk4bagsofrice5poundsofbread6pieces

ofmeat7kilosofchicken1.不可數(shù)名詞以容器來計(jì)量如:2.不可數(shù)名詞以表示數(shù)量的單位來計(jì)算如:復(fù)數(shù)形式復(fù)數(shù)形式只把容器變復(fù)數(shù)只把計(jì)量單位變復(fù)數(shù)注意問題

不可數(shù)名詞可用作復(fù)數(shù)的幾種情況。用來表示類別時，可用復(fù)數(shù)。例如：

drinks各種飲料vegetables各種蔬菜

foods各種食物fruits各種水果

Therearen’tany_____inthefridge.Let’sgoandbuysomepeas,carrotsandcabbages.A.vegetablesB.fruitC.meatD.eggsA選擇填空()1.Iwantthree____whitepaper.A.piecesB.pieceofC.piecesof()2.Doyouwanttodrinkmuch____?A.amilkB.milkC.milks()3.Inautumn,youcanseealotof____ontheground.A.leafB.leafsC.leaves()4.Mysisterhastwo____.Oneisold,theotherisnew.A.awatchB.watchsC.watches

C

B

C

C選擇填空()5.TheycomefromJapan.They’re____.A.JapaneseB.JapanesesC.aJapanese()6.Some____arecomingtohelpus.A.peoplesB.peopleC.thepeople()7.Thehorsehasfour____.A.feetB.feetsC.foots()8.Theboyhurtoneofhis_____,sohecouldn’twalkanylonger.A.teethB.handsC.feetD.earsACBA選擇填空()9.Wehavealotof____todo.A.worksB.workC.worker()10.Canyouseemany____areeatingthegrassatthefootofthehill?A.sheepsB.sheepC.asheep()11.Therearesix____inkitchen.A.bagofriceB.bagsofricesC.bagsofrice()12.DoyoulikeAmerican____?A.foodsB.foodC.afoodBBCB選擇填空()13.Hehasthree____underthebed.A.pairofshoeB.pairsofshoeC.pairsofshoes()14.____comefromEngland.TheyspeakEnglish.A.AnEnglishmanB.EnglishmansC.Englishmen()15.I’mhungry.Giveme____toeat.A.twopiecesofbreadB.twopieceofbreadsC.twopieceofbread

CCA1.SueandJoanare______.A.twinsbrotherB.twinbrothersC.twinssistersD.twinsisters2.Therearelotsof_____overthere.A.applestreesB.applestreeC.appletreesD.appletree3.There____afewsheepunderthetree.A.areB.isC.beD.aren’t4.Myschoolisabouttwenty_____walkfromhere.A.minutesB.minutes’C.minute’sD.minute5.The____ofanairticketfromDaliantoGuangzhouisabout1,800yuan.A.priceB.moneyD.payD.useChoosethebestanswerDCBBATHEFIRSTROUND6.---WhatcanIdoforyou?---I’dliketwo_______.A.boxofappleB.boxesofappleC.boxofapplesD.boxesofapples8.---CanIhelpyou?---I’dlikesome_____.A.bottleoforangeB.bottlesoforangesC.bottleoforangesD.bottlesoforange10.TheEnglishnovel（小說）isquiteeasyforyou.Thereare____newwordsinit.A.alittleB.littleC.afewD.fewDDDTHESECONDROUND名詞所有格1.________hatlookslikeacat.(Lucy)2.Theyarethe_______desks.(twin)3.Thisshopsells___________(child)toys.4.Hei