Unit5LanguagesaroundtheWorldRestrictiverelativeclausesⅡ(where,when,why,prep.+which/whom)Fillintheblankswithwho/that/which/whom/whose.1.Thereweredeepcracks_________appearedinthewellwalls.2.Aquake__________causeddamagewasmorethan150kilometresawayinBeijing.3.Twothirdsofthepeople________livedthereweredeadorinjured.4.Thenumberofpeople_________werekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.which/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwho/that5.Thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthose____weretrappedandtoburythedead.6.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivors______homeshadbeendestroyed.7.Chinaiswidelyknownforitsancientcivilisation____________

hascontinuedallthewaythroughintomoderntimes,...8.Peopleinmoderntimescanreadtheclassicworks_________werewrittenbyChineseinancienttimes.which/thatwhich/thatwhowhoseHi,Jenny,whatkindofteachersdoyoulikebest?Iliketeacherswho/thatiswillingtohelpstudentspatiently.Sowhodoyouadmiremost?MissLi,becausesheisalwayswarm-hearted.That'sthereasonwhyIadmirehermost.What'syourfavoriteplaceatschool?It'sthelibrary,becauseitisaplacewhereIcanrelaxmyselfandenjoybooksaswell.Andwhatkindofdaymakesyouhappy?It'sadaywhenwehavePEclass.Ilikesportsalot.attributiveclausesintroducedby_________________relativepronounsattributiveclauseintroducedby_______________relativeadverbsMikeisaskinghisdeskmateJennyaboutherfavoritethingsoftheschool.Observethecircledwords.Wehavelearnedattributiveclausesintroducedbyrelativepronounsinthelastunit.Nowlet’slearnattributiveclausesintroducedbyrelativeadverbs.限制性定語從句Ⅱ限制性定語從句Ⅱ在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，定語從句一般放在先行詞的后面。引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫做關(guān)系詞。引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，常見的關(guān)系代詞包括that，?which,who,

whom和whose，關(guān)系副詞包括where,when,why等。先行詞關(guān)系詞定語從句定語從句三要素：先行詞，關(guān)系詞，定語從句Thereareafewstudentswhokeepcomingtoclasslate.

馬馬車馬車夫.先行詞、關(guān)系詞、定語從句三者的關(guān)系：

馬先行詞馬車夫關(guān)系詞馬車定語從句when引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾表示時間(如time,day,year,occasion,moment....)的先行詞,在定語從句中作時間狀語,相當(dāng)于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞(which)”。I’llneverforgettheday

when

Ijoinedtheleague.表示時間的先行詞在定語從句作時間狀語=onwhich(=ontheday)關(guān)系副詞when定語從句的關(guān)系副詞I'llneverforgettheday______________Ifirstwenttoschool.when/onwhich__________________________________hedancedtotheLittleAppleeveryday.Therewasatimewhen/duringwhich曾經(jīng)有一段時間他天天跳《小蘋果》。。ExerciseTherearemanyreasonswhy

peopleliketraveling.表示原因的先行詞在定語從句作原因狀語關(guān)系副詞why引導(dǎo)的定語從句表示原因(先行詞一般是reason),在定語從句中作原因狀語，相當(dāng)于“forwhich”。=forwhich(=forthereasons)關(guān)系副詞whyIdon’tknowthereason________________________________________我不知道她為什么如此迷戀鹿晗。why/forwhichsheissocrazyaboutLuHan.Exercisewhere引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾表示地點(如place,room,house,area,point,situation,case…)的先行詞，在定語從句中作地點狀語，相當(dāng)于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞(which)”。關(guān)系副詞whereThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.表示地點的先行詞在定語從句作地點狀語=inwhich(=inthehouse)Thatistheplace_____________theymetforthefirsttime.那就是他們第一次見面的地方。where/inwhich

Chinaistheonlycountry________________________________________中國是唯一一個發(fā)現(xiàn)野生大熊貓的國家。where/fromwhichwildpandascanbefound.

Exercise2.EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountry

wheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.Information:alocationforanevent.小結(jié)2

where引導(dǎo)定語從句時，先行詞為表示地點的名詞，關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點狀語。EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountry.InthatcountrytheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.where還可用在表示抽象意義的地點名詞后，如situation,stage,point,case,position,condition,activity,scene,occasion等,意思是“到了某種地步，在某種境況中”。Theaccidenthasreachedtothepointwhereboththeirparentsaretobecalledin.關(guān)系副詞Refertoexampleswhere=in/atwhichTheschool

where

mysonstudies

isbeautiful.when=during\at/in/onwhichThey’llneverforgetJuly1

onwhichHongKongreturnedtoitsmotherland.why=forwhichTherearemanyreasons

forwhichpeopleliketraveling.placetimereason注意：此時，介詞的選擇取決于其與先行詞的搭配。二、“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句指時間，地點或原因的先行詞在定語從句中：作狀語時，用關(guān)系副詞when/where/why引導(dǎo)；作主語或賓語時，用關(guān)系代詞which或that引導(dǎo)。關(guān)系副詞與關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)分

Thisisthereason___________Ididn’tcome.Thereason________shegavewasnottrue.why/forwhichwhich/thata.Thisistheplace_______heworks.Thisistheplace___________wevisitedlastyear.b.Thatwasthetime______hearrived.Doyoustillrememberthetime__________wespenttogether?c.Thisisthereason____________hewent.Thereason___________hegaveuswasquitereasonable.where

which/that

whenthat

/which

why/forwhich

that/which

Exercise很多情況下關(guān)系副詞用“介詞＋which”來代替時,其介詞由先行詞或定語從句中謂語動詞的形式來決定。①Ishallneverforgetthoseyears

whenIlivedwithher.=Ishallneverforgetthoseyears____________Ilivedwithher.②Thisisthehouse

whereIlivedtwoyearsago.=Thisisthehouse__________Ilivedtwoyearsago.③A:Theradiosaysthatitwillraintomorrow.

B:Thisisthereasonwhyweputoffthematch.=Thisisthereason________weputoffthematch.duringwhichinwhichforwhich3.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”之介詞的選擇(1)與從句中謂語動詞的搭配相關(guān)Thisisthebook_____whichIspent10yuan.Thisisthebook_____whichIpaid10yuan.(2)與先行詞的搭配相關(guān)I'llneverforgettheday_____whichIwonthefirstprizeintheEnglishcontest.(3)與所表達的意義相關(guān)Thecolorlessgas_______whichwecannotliveiscalledoxygen.onforonwithout關(guān)系代詞前介詞選擇三原則一先二動三意義即根據(jù)先行詞與介詞的搭配關(guān)系選擇根據(jù)謂語動詞與介詞的搭配關(guān)系選擇即根據(jù)定語從句的意義來確定介詞注意：1.time用做先行詞注意2.

way

作為先行詞時，且在定語從句中

充當(dāng)狀語時，其定語從句關(guān)系詞可為：

inwhich,that,?

Thisisagoodwayinwhichtheproblemcanbesolved.=Thisisagoodwaythattheproblemcanbesolved.=Thisisagoodwaytheproblemcanbesolved.注意3.“模糊地點”的先行詞后跟where引導(dǎo)的定語從句，先行詞可為point,situation,case,conditions,position,stage,scene,spot,activity,family,job另，常見的“模糊時間”的先行詞有occasion,stay,interval等，用when來引導(dǎo)定語從句。

(注意：此時關(guān)系詞要在定語從句中充當(dāng)狀語）TheInternet,______

wecansearchforalargeamountofinformation,hasbecomeanindispensablepartofmanypeople’slife.Socialpartiesaretheoccasions_______

peoplecandeveloptheirinterpersonalrelationship.wherewhen用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空（一個）。1.Doyoustillrememberthefirstday______youwenttohighschool?2.IpaidavisittoFudanUniversity_______myfatherstudiedthirtyyearsago.3.Doyouknowtherealreason______Annedidn'tgototheget-together?4.TomorrowIwillbringherethemagazinefor_______

youasked.5.Peterputhimselfinasituation_______hehadtoleavethecompany.6.Therewasatime______mydaughterwascrazyaboutpopmusic.7.Therestaurant_______Ihaveeatenawonderfulmealisgoingtoclosedown.8.Therearetwomainreasons______thissituationhasbeenallowedtocontinue.whenwherewhywhichwherewhenwherewhy1.Thisisourschool________westudyandmakefriends.2.ThemostunforgettableschoolactivityistheEnglish

speechcontest,

______wehadgreatfun.3.Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,_______theweathermaybebetter.4.Therearemanyreasons______peoplelearnaforeignlanguage.=inwhichwhere

=inwhichwhere

when=inwhichwhy=forwhich答案不止一個。Lookatthesesentencesandunderlinetherestrictiverelativeclauses?Whatkindofinformationdoeseachclausecommunicate?11.Itwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically.2.EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.3.Therearemanyreasonswhythishasbeenpossible.4.TheseareanimalsbonesandshellsonwhichsymbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.1.Asitwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically.

2.EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.先行詞為time，when在從句中做時間狀語先行詞為country，where在從句中做地點狀語3.Therearemanyreasonswhythishasbeenpossible.4.TheseareanimalsbonesandshellsonwhichsymbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.先行詞為reason，why在從句中做原因狀語先行詞為animalbonesandshells，onwhich表示在從句中表示地點狀語Fillinthetabletocompleteeachphrasewitharestrictiverelativeclause.Thenusethephrasestomakecompletesentences.2P641.thedaywhenthedaywhenwespenttimetogether

Thedaywhenwespenttimetogetherisgone.2.thereasonwhythereasonwhyIwaslateforschoolTheteacherdidn'tbelievethereasonwhyIwaslateforschool.3.theplacewheretheplacewhereweworked10yearsagoTheplacewhereweworked10yearsagoisbeingrebuiltnow.4.theplace/timein/atwhichtheplaceinwhichIhavelivedsincechildhoodThisistheplaceinwhichIhavelivedsincechildhood.Iwillneverforgetthe

timeatwhichIlivedinthecountrywithmygrandparents.thetimeatwhichIlivedinthecountrywithmygrandparentsCompletethepassagewiththecorrectrelativeadverbsorpronouns.Addaprepositionwherenecessary.P64

3

WhenIstartedstudyi