Part1marketdemand市場需求facility設(shè)施thespeculativehousingmarket投機性住宅市場therealestatedeveloper房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)商governmentagency政府機構(gòu)publicproject公共項目projectmanagement項目管理theconceptualplanningstage概念規(guī)劃階段feasibility可行性in-house內(nèi)部的，內(nèi)業(yè)的theprojectlifecycle項目生命周期fromcradletograve從開始到結(jié)束knowledgedomain知識領(lǐng)域constructionindustry建筑業(yè)spectrum波普，光譜，范圍residentialhousingconstruction房屋住宅建設(shè)subcontractor分包商institutionalandcommercialbuildingconstruction辦公與商業(yè)用房建設(shè)specializedindustrialconstruction專業(yè)化工業(yè)項目建設(shè)infrastructureandheavyconstruction重大基礎(chǔ)項目建設(shè)architecturalandengineering(A/E)firm建筑與工程設(shè)計公司consortium財團，株式會社preliminarydesign初步設(shè)計generalcontractor總承包商onsitequalityinspection現(xiàn)場質(zhì)量監(jiān)督litigation法律訴訟shopdrawings施工圖constructability可建造性，可施工性valueengineering價值工程constructioncontract施工合同design/constructfirm設(shè)計、施工公司turnkey交鑰匙(承發(fā)包)模式facilitymaintenance設(shè)施維護Part2projectintegrationmanagement項目綜合管projectscopemanagement項目范圍管理projecttimemanagement項目時間管理projectcostmanagement項目成本管理projectqualitymanagement項目質(zhì)量管理projecthumanresourcemanagement項目人力資源管理projectcommunicationsmanagement項目溝通管理projectriskmanagement項目風(fēng)險管理projectprocurementmanagement項目采購管理contractualrelationships合同關(guān)系changes工程變更claims施工索賠mega-projects巨型項目“functional”organization“職能式”組織“project”organization“項目式”組織suborganizations次級組織strongmatrix-typesuborganization強矩陣式次級組織interpersonalinfluence人際間影響力formalauthority正式的授權(quán)rewardand/orpenaltypower獎勵和/或懲罰的權(quán)利matrixorganization矩陣式組織hierarchicalstructure層級結(jié)構(gòu)Part3job-siteproductivity工作現(xiàn)場生產(chǎn)率non-productiveactivities非生產(chǎn)性工作temporaryworkstoppage臨時性工作暫停unionactivities工作活動performanceanalysis績效分析baselaborproductivity基準(zhǔn)勞動生產(chǎn)率laborproductivityindex勞動力生產(chǎn)指數(shù)non-locallabor非當(dāng)?shù)赜霉roductivelaboryield勞動力產(chǎn)出requisitions詢價purchaseorders訂購單subcontracts分包合同shippingandreceivingdocuments裝船與接收文件invoices發(fā)票bulkmaterials大眾材料standardoff-the-shelfmaterials現(xiàn)貨材料fabricatedmembersorunits預(yù)制構(gòu)件或單元semi-processedstate半成品狀態(tài)pre-processed預(yù)加工的pressurevessels壓力容器fieldassembly現(xiàn)場裝配skilledcraftsmen熟練技工crawlermounting履帶式底盤claimshell抓鏟挖土機、dragline拉鏟挖土機backhoe反鏟挖土機shovel正鏟挖土機bulldozer推土機rotary-percussiondrills旋轉(zhuǎn)沖擊鉆bituminous瀝青Part4economicevaluation經(jīng)濟評價theplanninghorizon規(guī)劃期cashflowprofile現(xiàn)金流量圖minimumattractiverateofreturn(MARR)最低收益率sensitivityoruncertaintyanalysis敏感性或不確定性分析annualbenefit年收益annualcost年費用netannualcashflow年凈現(xiàn)金流量opportunitycost機會成本socialrateofdiscount社會貼現(xiàn)率profitmeasure利潤指標(biāo)值privatecorporations私營股份制公司publicagencies公共機構(gòu)netfuturevalue(NFV)/凈終值netpresentvalue(NPV)凈現(xiàn)值equivalentuniformannualnetvalue(NUV)等額凈年值capitalrecoveryfactor資金回收因子benefit-costratio(BCR)收益-費用比profitabilityindex盈利指數(shù)saving-to-investmentratio(SIR)存款投資比率absolutenumericalmeasure絕對指數(shù)internalrateofreturn(IRR)內(nèi)部收益率marginalefficiencyofcapital邊際資本收益returnoninvestment(ROI)投資收益paybackperiod(PBP)投資回收期profitmaximization利潤最大化publicsector公共領(lǐng)域basicprinciple基本原理nonnegative非負(fù)的budgetconstraint預(yù)算限制incrementalanalysis追加分析internalrateofreturnmethod內(nèi)部收益率法Part5WordBank-financedprojects世界銀行融資貸款項目foreignbidders海外投標(biāo)人civilworks土木工程InternationalCompetitiveBidding(ICB)競爭性國際招標(biāo)LimitedInternationalBidding有限國際招標(biāo)NationalCompetitiveBidding國內(nèi)競爭性招標(biāo)InternationalShopping國際訂購DirectContracting直接簽約GeneralProcurementNotice通用采購公告prequalification資格預(yù)審biddingdocuments招標(biāo)文件domesticcontractors國內(nèi)承包商instructionstobidders投標(biāo)人須知conditionsofcontract合同條件specificationsofdrawings技術(shù)規(guī)范與圖紙billofquantities工程量清單paymentterms支付條件minutesoftheconference會議紀(jì)要pre-bidconferences標(biāo)前會議sitevisits現(xiàn)場踏勘substantiallyresponsive實質(zhì)性響應(yīng)thelowestevaluatedcost經(jīng)評審的最低造價Part6thesealedbids密封的投標(biāo)報價constructioncompany建筑公司marketingstrategy市場營銷策略long-termgoals長期目標(biāo)clientrelationships客戶關(guān)系short-termgoal短期目標(biāo)directcostsestimate直接費估算mark-up漲價溢價companyorheadofficeoverheads公司或總部管理費unrealisticbids不切實際的報價owner-contractoragreement業(yè)主與承包商之間訂立的合同standardformofagreement標(biāo)準(zhǔn)合同形式AmericanInstituteofArchitects(AIA)美國建筑師協(xié)會bonusandpenaltyclauses獎勵與懲罰條款lump-sumagreement總價合同changerorder變更單writtenauthorization書面授權(quán)unit-priceagreement單價合同quantitytakeoff工程量清單cost-plus-feeagreements成本加酬金合同equitypartners股權(quán)伙伴rentalrates出租比例percentagefee百分百酬金合同fixedfee固定酬金合同changes工程變更contractaward合同授予changesclause變更條款publiclyfinancedproject公共融資項目extrawork附加工作theprimecontractor主承包商Part7theInternationalFederationofConsultingEngineering國際咨詢師聯(lián)合會theFIDICConditionsofContractforConstructionsFIDIC施工合同條件theGeneralConditions(FIDI。通用條件theParticularConditions(FIDIC)專業(yè)條件theAppendixtoTender(FIDIC)投標(biāo)附錄arbitration仲裁，裁決DisputeAdjudicationBoard(DBA)爭議仲裁委員會ConditionsofContractforWorksofCivilEngineeringConstruction土木工程施工合同條件ConditionsofContractforElectricalandMechanicalWork機電安裝工程合同條件ConditionsofContractforDesign-BuildandTurnkey設(shè)計-建造于交鑰匙合同條件Client/ConsultantModelServicesAgreement客戶/咨詢師服務(wù)協(xié)議ConditionsofSubcontractforWorksofCivilEngineeringConstruction土木工程分包合同條件GuidestotheUseoftheDifferentFIDICConditionsofContract各種FIDIC合同條件應(yīng)用指南AmicableSettlementofConstructionDisputes施工爭端友好解決方式InsuranceofLargeCivilEngineeringProjects大型土木工程保險TheConditionsofContractforPlantandDesign-Build(FIDIC)安裝與設(shè)計-建造合同TheConditionsofContractforEPC/TurnkeyProjects(FIDIQEPC皮鑰匙項目合同條件TheShortFormofContract(FIDI。簡短格式合同TheFormofContractforDredgingandReclamationWorks(FIDI。疏浚與防洪工程合同格式pricedcontractwithactivityschedule總價合同pricedcontractwithbillofquantities單價合同targetcontractwithactivityschedule目標(biāo)總價合同targetcontractwithbillofquantities目標(biāo)單價合同costreimbursablecontract成本補償合同performancebond履約保函parentcompanyguarantee母公司擔(dān)保advancepayment預(yù)付款retention（工程）留置權(quán)bonusforearlycompletion工期提前獎delaysdamages誤期損害surety擔(dān)保financialloan商業(yè)貸款insurancepolicy保險政策inbreachofcontract合同違約bidbond投標(biāo)擔(dān)保justification（正當(dāng)?shù)模├碛蒷aborandmaterialbond勞動力與原材料擔(dān)保lienbond留置權(quán)擔(dān)保comprehensivegeneralliabilityinsurance綜合責(zé)任險professionalliabilityinsurance職業(yè)責(zé)任險workers’compensationinsurance工人補償險builder’sriskfireinsurance施工方火災(zāi)險Part8constructionplanning施工計劃thechoiceoftechnology施工技術(shù)的選擇thedefinitionofworktasks工作任務(wù)的定義theestimationoftherequiredresourcesanddurationsforindividualtasks所需資源和各項工作持續(xù)時間的估算reasoningbackward逆向推理normativeproblem規(guī)范性問題costcontrol成本控制schedulecontrol進度控制criticalpathschedulingprocedures關(guān)鍵線路進度控制程序jobshopschedulingprocedures工作現(xiàn)場進度控制程序workbreakdown工作分解manufacturingterminology加工制造業(yè)術(shù)語resourceallocations資源分配fore-runner先行者laboriousandtediousprocess復(fù)雜和枯燥的過程generalmodels通用模型databasesandinformationsystems數(shù)據(jù)庫和信息系統(tǒng)thestorageandrecalloftheactivities工作活動的存儲于記憶manpower人力，勞動力thedurationoftheactivity工作活動的持續(xù)時間placingconcreteonsite現(xiàn)場澆筑混凝土placingforms支設(shè)模板installingreinforcingsteel綁扎鋼筋pouringconcrete澆筑混凝土finishingtheconcrete混凝土養(yǎng)護removingforms模板拆除positionformsonthecleaningstation在清理場所碼放的模板hierarchicalstructure層級結(jié)構(gòu)workbreakdownstructure工作結(jié)構(gòu)分解precedencerelations先導(dǎo)順序關(guān)系structuralintegrity結(jié)構(gòu)整體性designdrawings設(shè)計圖紙milestoneevents里程碑事件lag時間間隔computerbasedsimulation基于計算機的模擬excavationequipment開挖機械Part9criticalpathmethod（CPM）關(guān)鍵路線發(fā)predecessor/successoractivities先導(dǎo)/后續(xù)工作resourceconstraint資源約束artificialprecedenceconstraint人為先導(dǎo)關(guān)系約束activity-branchnetwork雙代號網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖dummyactivity虛工作earliesttimeschedule最早時間進度latesttimeschedule最遲時間進度float時差，機動時間maneuveringroom可調(diào)整的余地freefloat自由時差independentfloat獨立時差totalfloat總時差inter-relationships相互關(guān)系graphicalpresentationsofprojectschedules項目進度的圖形表達networkdiagrams網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖time-scalednetwork時標(biāo)網(wǎng)絡(luò)barorGanttchart橫道或甘特圖horizontalaxis橫軸，橫坐標(biāo)verticalaxis縱軸，縱坐標(biāo)S-curvesS型曲線resourcegraphs資源圖uncertaintyassociatedwiththeactualdurations與實際持續(xù)時間相關(guān)的不確定性regulatoryapproval行政許可adverseweather不利的天氣contingencyallowance應(yīng)急準(zhǔn)備probabilisticperspective概率的角度independentrandomvariables相互獨立的隨機變量randomfluctuations隨機波動positivecorrelations正相關(guān)over-optimistic過于樂觀的Part10e-construction工程返工personalinjuries人身傷害conformance遵守，服從re-evaluationofdesigndecisions設(shè)計決策的重要評估tunnelingmethods隧道開掘方法actualsiteconditions現(xiàn)場的實際狀況roadwayrehabilitation公路路面返修qualityassurance質(zhì)量保證n-siteinspections現(xiàn)場監(jiān)督檢查USOccupationalSafetyandHealthAdministration（OSHA）美國職業(yè)安全與健康署violationofexistingstandard違反現(xiàn)行規(guī)范標(biāo)準(zhǔn)employeeparticipationinqualitycontrol質(zhì)量控制的員工參與statisticalmethods統(tǒng)計方法batchesofmaterials材料批implicitassumption隱含的假設(shè)totalqualitycontrol全面質(zhì)量控制zerodefectsgoal零缺陷目標(biāo)qualitycircles質(zhì)量環(huán)“optimum”proportion“最佳”的比例non-destructivetechniques