專(zhuān)題八名詞性從句that,whether與if引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的差別——考題試一試(單句語(yǔ)法填空)1．(2016·京高考改編北)Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonisthatonecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.2．(2013全·國(guó)卷Ⅰ改編)Iamwonderingwhetheryoucanpickhimupattheairport.3．(2015北·京高考改編)Itrulybelievethatbeautycomesfromwithin.4．(2012·江高考改編浙)Imadeapromisetomyselfthatthisyear,myfirstyearinhighschool,wouldbedifferent.——規(guī)則點(diǎn)撥當(dāng)名詞性從句骨干齊全，又不缺少狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，用連接詞引導(dǎo)。連接詞有that,whether和if。1．that:that連接名詞性從句，只起連接作用，不在從句中作成分。在賓語(yǔ)從句中能夠省略。Theteacherinformedus(that)wewouldhaveatestthenextday.老師見(jiàn)告我們第二天進(jìn)行測(cè)試。2．if和whether：有“可否”的含義，表示一般疑問(wèn)。主語(yǔ)從句和表語(yǔ)從句中只能用whether不能夠用if。if和whether也不在從句中作成分，只起連接作用。Thetroubleiswhetherhecancomeontime.麻煩是他可否能準(zhǔn)時(shí)來(lái)。[注意事項(xiàng)]1．在以下情況下一般只能用whether，不用if：(1)引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句并在句首時(shí)；(2)引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)；(3)引導(dǎo)從句作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)；(4)從句后有“ornot時(shí)；”(5)后接動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)。2．that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，常有句型有：(1)it＋be＋形容詞(如：obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,evident,clear,apparent等)＋that從句。(2)it＋be＋名詞(如：nowonder,anhonour,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise等)＋that從句。(3)it＋be＋過(guò)去分詞(如：said,reported,thought,estimated,expected,decided,announced,arranged,recognized等)＋that從句。近似句型還有：Itcannotbedeniedthat.../Itmustbeadmittedthat...(4)it＋動(dòng)詞(如：seem,appear,happen,occurtosb.,doesn'tmatter,makenodifference等)＋that從句?！獙?duì)點(diǎn)演練(單句語(yǔ)法填空)1．Thathewillcometotheconferencehasexcitedeveryoneofus.2．It'snowonderthatyou'veachievedsomuchsuccess.3．IthappenedtomethatIhadbeenawaywhenhecalled.4．IfeelitapitythatIhaven'tbeentotheget-together.5．Weallfinditimportantthatwe(should)makeaquickdecisionaboutthismatter.6．Iamnotinterestedinwhethertheybelieveinmeornot.連接代詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句——考題試一試(單句語(yǔ)法填空)1．(2014·建高考改編福)Pickyourselfup.Courageisdoingwhatyou'reafraidtodo.2．(2014·江高考改編浙)“Everytimeyoueatasweet,drinkgreentea.”Thisiswhatmymotherusedtotellme.3．(2013·京高考改編北)ItookprideinwhatIhaddoneintheabsenceofmyfather.4．(2013全·國(guó)卷Ⅱ改編)Bytheway,doyouknowwhattheystandfor5．(2013?！そǜ呖几木?Personallyspeaking,Idon'tthinkwhattheseparentsdoishelpfultotheirchildren.——規(guī)則點(diǎn)撥連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which這幾個(gè)連接詞不僅起連接作用，也在從句中作名詞或代詞所作的成分，如主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)。缺少連接代詞，從句不完滿(mǎn)。Whatstruckmemostinthemoviewasthefather'sdeeploveforhisson.電影中最感人我的是父親對(duì)他兒子深深的愛(ài)。Whatworriesusmostiswholetoutthesecret.最令我們擔(dān)憂(yōu)的是誰(shuí)泄漏了奧秘?！獙?duì)點(diǎn)演練(單句語(yǔ)法填空)1．Ithasnotbeendecidedyetwhowillpresideoverthemeeting.2．I'dliketostartmyownbusiness—that'swhatI'ddoifIhadthemoney.3．(2017太·原五中一模)WhowillcometohelpwithmyEnglishhasn'tbeendecided.4.(2014湖·南高考改編)AsJohnLennononcesaid,lifeiswhathappenstoyouwhileyouarebusymakingotherplans.5．(2014山·東高考改編)Itisdifficultforustoimaginewhatlifewaslikeforslavesintheancientworld.連接副詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句——考題試一試(單句語(yǔ)法填空)1．(2015北·京高考改編)Howweunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.2．(2015?！そǜ呖几木?—IwonderhowMaryhaskeptherfigureafteralltheseyears.—Byworkingouteveryday.3．(2015·南高考改編湖)Youhavetoknowwhereyou'regoingifyouaretoplanthebestwayofgettingthere.4．(2015·慶高考改編重)WemustfindoutwhenKarliscoming,sowecanbookaroomforhim.5．(2014廣·東高考改編)Ididn'tunderstandwhythiswouldhappenand...——規(guī)則點(diǎn)撥連接副詞when,where,why,how這幾個(gè)連接詞不僅起連接作用，也在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因和方式。Hedidn'ttellmewhenwewouldmeetagain.他沒(méi)告訴我什么時(shí)候我們?cè)傧嘁?jiàn)。Goandgetyourcoat.It'swhereyouleftit.去把大衣拿來(lái)。就在你原來(lái)放的地方。IhavenoideahowIcangettotherailwaystation.我不知道怎么能到火車(chē)站。That'swhyIwantyoutoworkthere.那就是我要你在那處工作的原因?！獙?duì)點(diǎn)演練(單句語(yǔ)法填空)1．(2017大·慶質(zhì)量檢測(cè)二)PeoplewhovisitedmeusedtoaskmehowIcouldsleep.“Doesn'tthesoundofthetrafficbotheryouHowcanyougetusedtosomuchnoise？”2．Theproblemishowwecanimproveourreadingskillsinsuchashorttime.3．Sheaskedaquestionwhytherewasadelay.4．(2017湖·南岳陽(yáng)一中檢測(cè)

)Mr.Whiteisopposedtorepairingtheoldbuilding,andthat

'swhereIdon'tagree.whatever,whoever,whichever,whenever,wherever,however的用法——考題試一試(單句語(yǔ)法填空)1．(2016北·京高考改編)Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork.Whateveryoucandohelps.2．(2013江·西高考改編)Whicheveroneofyoubreaksthewindowwillhavetopayforit.3．(2014北·京高考改編)Somepeoplebelievewhateverhashappenedbeforeorishappeningnowwillrepeatitselfinthefuture.——規(guī)則點(diǎn)撥它們的作用等同于who,what,which,where,when,how,但語(yǔ)氣加強(qiáng)了。這類(lèi)詞引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，不能夠用nomatter＋who/what...代替。1．引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。Whoeverdidthisjobmustberewarded.無(wú)論誰(shuí)做的這項(xiàng)工作都必定會(huì)被獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。2．引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，充當(dāng)直接賓語(yǔ)。I'llgiveyouhowevermuchmoneyyouneed.無(wú)論你需要多少錢(qián)我都給你。3．引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，充當(dāng)間接賓語(yǔ)。Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpahand.她將給任何需要幫助的人供應(yīng)幫助。4．引導(dǎo)介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句。Youcanwriteaboutwhatevertopicyouprefer.你能夠?qū)懩阆矚g的任何話題。5．引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。We'llmakehimwhateverheisfitfor.他適合什么我們就讓他做什么。[注意事項(xiàng)]“nomatter＋疑問(wèn)詞”包括nomatterwho,nomatterwhat,nomatterwhich,nomatterwhen,nomatterwhere,nomatterhow；它們的意義跟前面對(duì)應(yīng)的“疑問(wèn)詞-ever”相同，但它們只能用來(lái)引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。Whoever/Nomatterwhocomes,youwillsayIamout.無(wú)論誰(shuí)來(lái)，你就說(shuō)我不在家。However/Nomatterhowtiredhewas,hewentonworking.無(wú)論他多么累，他都連續(xù)工作。——對(duì)點(diǎn)演練(單句語(yǔ)法填空)1．(2017株·洲二中月考)Withanoptimisticattitudeandastrongwill,wecanovercomewhateverdifficultieswemightmeetwithandachieveourgoals.2．Asmanyassevencoursesareprovided,andtheyarefreetochoosewhicheversuitsthembest.3．(2017·川營(yíng)山縣模擬四)Whoeversetsfiretotheforestshouldbepunished.4．WhicheverteamwinsonSaturdaywillgothroughtothenationalchampionships.1．賓語(yǔ)從句(2014·東高考廣)Ididn'tunderstand________thiswouldhappenandmycreditcardhadalreadybeenchargedforthereservation.剖析：why依照語(yǔ)境此處應(yīng)用why引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。2．主語(yǔ)從句(2016·蘇高考改編江)Itisoftenthecase________anythingispossibleforthosewhohangontohope.剖析：that此句為主語(yǔ)從句，從句中不缺少任何成分，句意完滿(mǎn)，故使用that引導(dǎo)。3．表語(yǔ)從句(2016·北京高考改編)Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonis________onecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.剖析：that依照句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句是表語(yǔ)從句，且表語(yǔ)從句中主系表結(jié)構(gòu)完滿(mǎn)，故使用連詞that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，that在表語(yǔ)從句中不作句子成分，只起連接作用。(2015·安徽高考改編)Ashipinharborissafe,butthat'snot________shipsarebuiltfor.剖析：what空格后的句子是表語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句中for缺少賓語(yǔ)，故用what。4．同位語(yǔ)從句(2016·天津高考改編)Themanagerputforwardasuggestion________weshouldhaveanassistant.Thereistoomuchworktodo.剖析：

that

空格后邊是建議的詳盡內(nèi)容，從句不缺成分，故填

that。②(2014·重慶高考改編

)—IsittruethatMike

refusedanofferfromYaleUniversityyesterday—Yeah,butIhavenoidea________hedidit;that'soneofhisfavoriteuniversities.剖析：why依照后邊的“that'soneofhisfavoriteuniversities”可知這里指原因，故用why引導(dǎo)。1．隸屬連詞與連接副詞之間的錯(cuò)用示例(2015·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Afterlookingatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundwherehisparentsweremissing.答案：where→that或去掉where點(diǎn)撥隸屬連詞有that/whether/if等，連接副詞有when,where等。隸屬連詞不作成分，而連接副詞作狀語(yǔ)。2．連接代詞(what,which和who等)之間的錯(cuò)用示例(2013·遼寧高考)Thatiswhichotherteacherssay.答案：which→what點(diǎn)撥引導(dǎo)名詞性從句且在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)用what(什么)；which(哪一個(gè))；who(誰(shuí))等，注意它們之間意義的差別。3．that與what之間的錯(cuò)用示例(2017·銀川二中一模)Foronething,thatyouarestudyingisbadlyneedednowadaysinourcountry.答案：that→whatwhat在名詞性從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)；而that自己沒(méi)有意義，不作任點(diǎn)撥何成分，只起連接作用。4．隸屬連詞that與whether/if之間的錯(cuò)用(2017·山東師大附中模擬)Thereisnodoubtwhetheritisofgreathelptotheir示例studyandfuturelife.答案：whether→thatthat不作成分，沒(méi)有實(shí)質(zhì)意義；whether/if也不作成分但有實(shí)質(zhì)意義，有“是點(diǎn)撥否”之意。5．隸屬連詞that的缺失(2017·遵義航天高級(jí)中學(xué)模擬)Andyoushouldalsohaveabeliefyouaresureto示例succeedaslongasyoukeepyourdirectionallthetime.答案：belief后加thatthat引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)一般不能夠省略，引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)點(diǎn)撥能夠省略。[增分技法]1．掌握好引導(dǎo)詞that的省略與不省略。他的成功是因?yàn)樗麨楸荣愖髁顺浞值臏?zhǔn)備。Hissuccessliesinthefactthathewaswellpreparedforthematch.2．what從句在寫(xiě)作中特別適用，叫不出名字的事物都可用這個(gè)句式來(lái)表達(dá)。近幾年，我們的學(xué)校發(fā)生了很大的變化，已不再是過(guò)去的樣子了。Inthepastfewyears,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourschoolanditisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.3．用好whatever，however等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句和退步狀語(yǔ)從句。我們必定盡所有努力來(lái)保護(hù)我們的環(huán)境。Wemustdowhateverittakestoprotectourenvironment.[巧用增分]①我反對(duì)這個(gè)工程的原因是，它開(kāi)銷(xiāo)太多的錢(qián)，而這些錢(qián)應(yīng)當(dāng)用來(lái)提高當(dāng)?shù)厝藗兊纳钏健?beagainst,project,thereasonwhy...isthat,toimprovethelivesofthelocalpeople)The_reason_why_I_am_against_the_project_is_that_it_will_cost_too_much_money,_which_should_be_used_to_improve_the_lives_of_local_people.②若是我們想成功，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)相信我們做的事情，相信我們自己。(succeed,believeinwhatwedo,whoweare)We_should_believe_in_what_we_do_and_who_we_are_if_we_are_to_succeed.③無(wú)論誰(shuí)想成功，都必定盡最大努力。(whoever,succeed,doone'sbest)Whoever_wants_to_succeed_must_do_his/her_best.[題點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)練]Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．(2017重·慶南開(kāi)中學(xué)月考)Lifeistenpercentwhathappenstoyouandninetypercenthowyourespondit.2．(2017邯·鄲調(diào)研)Thenewboylookedattheteacherforafewsecondsandalltheotherstudentswonderedwhattheboywoulddo.3．(2017四·川成都高新區(qū)檢測(cè))Inmyopinion,whatmattersiswhetherwecanwintogetherasateaminsteadofindividuals.4．(2017·陽(yáng)模擬益)Halfoftheworld'spopulationisundertheageof25andwhentheyarenotinvolvedinthedecision-makingprocess,theyarenotawareofwhatistakingplace.5．(2017·溪高級(jí)中學(xué)月考本)WhethertheflighttoNewYorkwillbedelayediswhatI'mespeciallyworriedabout.6．(2017·化一模懷)Thereareasmanyasfivestudents'clubsinourschool.Youcanjoinwhicheverinterestsyoumost.7．(2017·州二模杭)Withtimegoingby,whatonceseemedvitalinourlifeisnolongerasimportantnow.8．(2017·東省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)一模山)ShehasreceivedanofferfromBerkeley,butIdon'tknowwhether/ifshewillacceptit.Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1．Successpartlydependsonifyouhavethepatiencetodosimplethings→whether2．We'reallpleasedwhatwehaveonceagainovercomethe→that3．Weallconsiderimportantthatchildrenshouldtakeplentyofmilkasthey后加it4．Mysuggestionisweshouldhaveadiscussionaboutthismatterinsteadofjustlayingit后加that5．Hispromisewhichhewouldgiveawayhalfoftheyear'sincometothedisabledturnedouta→that6．Wearethinkingaboutwhomcanbeadmittedintoourclub.Thenumberofmembersiswho.單句寫(xiě)作1．使我們這個(gè)學(xué)校特其余是，她的大多數(shù)畢業(yè)生都被名校錄取了。(make...special,graduate,beadmittedto,famouscolleges)What_makes_our_school_special_is_that_most_of_its_graduates_are_admitted_to_famous_colleges.2．令球迷欣喜的是那位年輕的球員在乒乓球錦標(biāo)賽中表現(xiàn)得極為優(yōu)異。(delighted,perform,thetabletennistournament)What_delighted_the_fans/3．若是能找到任何適合你的學(xué)習(xí)方法，你的學(xué)習(xí)效率即可能明顯提高。(whatever,learningmethod,learningefficiency)If_you_can_find_whatever_learning_method_(that)_suits_you,_your_study/learning_efficiency_is_likely_to_improve_remarkably.[題型綜合練]Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法填空(2017·北三省三校一模東)The“selfie”isusedtodescribethe-taksenlfphoto,oftenfromasmartphone.Someonetakesabout10selfieseachtimehedoes,andheonlyendsup__1__(post)oneortwoofthose.Hepickstheonethathefeelsmakehimlookthe__2__(good).Inthatpicture,hegainsconfidence.Forthatmoment,everythingbadorterriblethathashappenedtohim__3__(remove),becausethatsmileiswhatgiveshimthe__4__(determine)tolovehimself.Iread__5__poemrecentlyandtheyoungmansaid,“IfIaskyou__6__youlove,

theanswerswillmostlikelyrolloffyourlovetoread.Youlovetowrite.Youloveyourmom,yourdaughter,oryourbestfriend.Howlongdoyouthinkyoucangoonandonbeforeyousay

‘Ilove__7__(I)’？”Thatstatementhitmelikeatonof'vestruggledwithconfidenceallmystillin__8__wayamIsayingthattakingaselfieisagateway__9__，theselfiedoesdeservesomecreditforallowingi