書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

TheTimberrattlesnakeisnowontheendangeredspecieslist,andisextinctintwoeasternstatesinwhichitonce________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thrived

B.swelled

C.prospered

D.flourished

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“興盛，繁榮”；B選項(xiàng)“腫脹”；C選項(xiàng)“繁榮，昌盛”；D選項(xiàng)“繁榮，茂盛”。句意：木材響尾蛇現(xiàn)在已被列入瀕危物種名單，并且已經(jīng)在東部兩個州滅絕了，而這兩個州曾經(jīng)有（）這個物種。根據(jù)句意這里應(yīng)該填繁盛。thrive指物（包括動物和植物）的繁殖興盛；而prosper指的是經(jīng)濟(jì)或國力方面的繁榮；flourish指植物生長茂盛。根據(jù)詞義辨析這里要選A。

2.單選題

12.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Hisbackache.

B.Hisbrokenleg.

C.Hisskinproblem.

D.Hiseyecondition.

【答案】C

【解析】W:What’stheproblem?

M:Ihavehadanitchyrashonmybody,andarmsandlegsforthelasttwomonths.

W:Canyoudescribeit?

M:It’spinkwiththrustovalspots.

Q:Whathasbroughtthemanhere?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。對話中男士說：I’vehadanitchingrashonmybody,andarmsandlegs(我身上、胳膊上和腿上起了很癢的皮疹)。

3.翻譯題

Pollutionisaproblembecausemaninanincreasinglypopulatedandindustrializedworldisupsettingtheenvironmentinwhichhelives.Manyscientistsmaintainthatoneofman’sgreatesterrorshasbeentoequategrowthwithadvancement.Now“growth”industriesarebeinglookedonwithsuspicionincasetheirsideeffectsdamagetheenvironmentanddisrupttherelationshipofdifferentformsoflife.Thegrowingpopulationmakesincreasingdemandsontheworld’sfixedsupplyofairwaterandland.Thisriseinpopulationisaccompaniedbythedesireofmoreandmorepeopleforabetterstandardofliving,inaneverincreasingamountofwastematerialtobedisposedof.Theproblemhasbeencausingincreasingconcerntolivingthingsandtheirenvironment.Manybelievethatmanisnotsolvingtheseproblemsquicklyenoughandthathisselfishpursuitofpossessionstakeshimpastthepointofnoreturnbeforehefullyrealizesthedamage.

【答案】污染是一個問題，因?yàn)樵谝粋€人口日益增長和工業(yè)化的世界里，人類正在破壞他所生活的環(huán)境。許多科學(xué)家堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為人類最大的錯誤之一就是把發(fā)展與進(jìn)步等同起來?，F(xiàn)在人們對成長型產(chǎn)業(yè)持懷疑態(tài)度，擔(dān)心它們的副作用會破壞環(huán)境，破壞不同生命形式之間的關(guān)系。不斷增長的人口對世界上固定的空氣、水和土地的供應(yīng)提出了越來越高的要求。隨著人口的增長，越來越多的人要求更高的生活水平，他們需要處理越來越多的垃圾。這一問題已引起人們對生物及其環(huán)境的日益關(guān)注。許多人認(rèn)為，人類沒有足夠快地解決這些問題，他對財產(chǎn)的自私追求使他在完全意識到損害之前就已經(jīng)到了不可挽回的地步。

4.單選題

.AnyDemocraticpresidentwilltryto_______theUnitedStatesfromthemessinIraq,yetallwouldfacerigidconstraints.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.knockout

B.distinguish

C.overture

D.extricate

【答案】D

【解析】knockout擊倒;distinguish區(qū)別,辨別;overture作動詞意為建議;extricate使擺脫,解救。句意：任何一位民主黨總統(tǒng)都將試圖把美國從伊拉克的混亂中解救出來,但所有人都將面臨嚴(yán)格的約束。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

5.單選題

Americanstodaydon’tplaceaveryhighvalueonintellect.Ourheroesareathlete,entertainers,andentrepreneurs,notscholars.Evenourschoolsarewherewesendourchildrentogetapracticaleducation—nottopursueknowledgeforthesakeofknowledge.Symptomsofpervasiveanti-intellectualisminourschoolsaren’tdifficulttofind.

“Schoolshavealwaysbeeninasocietywherepracticalismoreimportantthanintellectual,”sayseducationwriterDianeRavitch.“Schoolcouldbeacounterbalance.”Ravitch’slatestbook,LeftBack:ACenturyoffailedSchoolReforms,tracestherootsofanti-intellectualisminourschools,concludingtheyareanythingbutacounterbalancetotheAmericandistasteforintellectualpursuits.

Buttheycouldandshouldbe.Encouragingkidstorejectthelifeofthemindleavesthemvulnerabletoexploitationandcontrol.Withouttheabilitytothinkcritically,todefendtheirideasandunderstandtheideasofothers,theycannotfullyparticipateinourdemocracy.Continuingalongthispath,sayswriterEarlShorris,“Wewillbecomeasecond-ratecountry.Wewillhavealesscivilsociety.”

“Intellectisresentedasaformofpowerorprivilege,”writeshistorianandprofessorRichardHofstadterinAnti-IntellectualisminAmericanLife,aPulitzerPrizewinningbookontherootsofanti-intellectualisminUSpolitics,religion,andeducation.Fromthebeginningofourhistory,saysHofstadter,ourdemocraticandpopulisturgehasdrivenustorejectanythingthatsmellsofelitism.Practicality,commonsense,andnativeintelligencehavebeenconsideredmorenoblequalitiesthananythingyoucouldlearnfromabook.

RalphWaldoEmersonandotherTranscendentalistphilosophersthoughtschoolingandrigorousbooklearningputunnaturalrestraintsonchildren:“Weareshutupinschoolsandcollegerecitationroomsfor10or15yearsandcomeoutatlastwithabellyfulofwordsanddonotknowathing.”MarkTwain’sHuckleberryFinnexemplifiedAmericananti-intellectualism.Itsheroavoidsbeingcivilized—goingtoschoolandlearningtoread—sohecanpreservehisinmategoodness.

Intellect,accordingtoHofstadter,isdifferentfromnativeintelligence,aqualitywereluctantlyadmire.Intellectisthecritical,creative,andcontemplativesideofthemind.Intelligenceseekstograsp,manipulate,re-order,andadjust,whileintellectexamines,ponders,wonders,theorizes,criticizesandimagines.

Schoolremainsaplacewhereintellectismistrusted.Hofstadtersaysourcountry’seducationalsystemisinthegripsofpeoplewho“joyfullyandmilitantlyproclaimtheirhostilitytointellectandtheireagernesstoidentifywithchildrenwhoshowtheleastintellectualpromise.”

41.WhatdoAmericanparentsexpecttheirchildrentoacquireinschool?

42.WecanlearnfromthetextthatAmericanshaveahistoryof___.

43.TheviewsofRavitchandEmersononschoolingare___.

44.Emerson,accordingtothetext,isprobably___.

45.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofintellect?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thehabitofthinkingindependently.

B.Profoundknowledgeoftheworld.

C.Practicalabilitiesforfuturecareer.

D.Theconfidenceinintellectualpursuits.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.undervaluingintellect

B.favoringintellectualism

C.supportingschoolreform

D.suppressingnativeintelligence

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.identical

B.similar

C.complementary

D.opposite

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.apioneerofeducationreform

B.anopponentofintellectualism

C.ascholarinfavorofintellect

D.anadvocateofregularschooling

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Itissecondtointelligence.

B.Itevolvesfromcommonsense.

C.Itistobepursued.

D.Itunderliespower.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】41.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第一段Ourheroesareathlete,entertainers,andentrepreneurs,notscholars.Evenourschoolsarewherewesendourchildrentogetapracticaleducation—nottopursueknowledgeforthesakeofknowledge.（我們的英雄是運(yùn)動員、藝人和企業(yè)家，而不是學(xué)者。甚至我們的學(xué)校也是我們送孩子去接受實(shí)用教育的地方，而不是為了知識而追求知識）可知父母會希望孩子們在學(xué)校接受實(shí)用教育，選C選項(xiàng)“未來職業(yè)的實(shí)踐能力”，同時可知D選項(xiàng)“對知識追求的信心”錯誤；A選項(xiàng)“獨(dú)立思考的習(xí)慣”，B選項(xiàng)“對世界的深刻了解”未提及。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

42.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到原文第四段“Intellectisresentedasaformofpowerorprivilege,”writeshistorianandprofessorRichardHofstadterinAnti-IntellectualisminAmericanLife,aPulitzerPrizewinningbookontherootsofanti-intellectualisminUSpolitics,religion,andeducation.（歷史學(xué)家兼教授理查德?霍夫施塔特在《美國生活中的反智主義》一書中寫道：“知識分子被視為一種權(quán)力或特權(quán)而遭人憎恨?！边@本曾獲普利策獎的書探討了美國政治、宗教和教育中的反智主義的根源）可推測出歷史上美國人有反智主義，選A選項(xiàng)“低估智力”，同時可知B選項(xiàng)“傾向于理智主義”錯誤；C選項(xiàng)“支持學(xué)校改革”未提及；D選項(xiàng)“抑制天生的智力”屬于過度推測。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

43.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段RichardHofstadter的觀點(diǎn)，Practicality,commonsense,andnativeintelligencehavebeenconsideredmorenoblequalitiesthananythingyoucouldlearnfromabook.（實(shí)用性、常識和天生的智慧被認(rèn)為是比你從書本中學(xué)到的任何東西都更高貴的品質(zhì)）可以推測反智主義的教育體現(xiàn)為“讀書無用論”；根據(jù)第二段“Schoolshavealwaysbeeninasocietywherepracticalismoreimportantthanintellectual,”sayseducationwriterDianeRavitch.（教育作家DianeRavitch說：“學(xué)校一直處于一個實(shí)踐比知識更重要的社會中。”）Ravitch’slatestbook,LeftBack:ACenturyoffailedSchoolReforms,tracestherootsofanti-intellectualisminourschools,concludingtheyareanythingbutacounterbalancetotheAmericandistasteforintellectualpursuits.（Ravitch的新書《落后：一個世紀(jì)的失敗學(xué)校改革》追溯了學(xué)校中反智主義的根源，書中的結(jié)論是：美國學(xué)校絕沒有對美國人厭惡才學(xué)進(jìn)行抵制）可以推測出Ravitch并不屬于反智主義，她不認(rèn)為讀書無用，而是覺得“Schoolcouldbeacounterbalance.”（學(xué)?？梢猿蔀橐环N平衡）；根據(jù)第五段RalphWaldoEmersonandotherTranscendentalistphilosophersthoughtschoolingandrigorousbooklearningputunnaturalrestraintsonchildren（愛默生和其他一些超自然主義哲學(xué)家認(rèn)為學(xué)校教育和高強(qiáng)度的書本學(xué)習(xí)會使孩子受到不自然的限制）可以判斷出Emerson支持讀書無用論，即為反智主義。由此可知他倆的觀點(diǎn)相反；A選項(xiàng)“相同”；B選項(xiàng)“相似”；C選項(xiàng)“互補(bǔ)”；D選項(xiàng)“相反”，其余三項(xiàng)和原文表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)不符，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

44.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一句RalphWaldoEmersonandotherTranscendentalistphilosophersthoughtschoolingandrigorousbooklearningputunnaturalrestraintsonchildren（愛默生和其他一些超自然主義哲學(xué)家認(rèn)為學(xué)校教育和高強(qiáng)度的書本學(xué)習(xí)會使孩子受到不自然的限制）可以判斷出Emerson支持讀書無用論，即為反智主義，選B選項(xiàng)“理性主義的反對者”，同時可知C選項(xiàng)“一個支持智力的學(xué)者”錯誤；A選項(xiàng)“教育改革的先驅(qū)”和D選項(xiàng)“常規(guī)學(xué)校教育的倡導(dǎo)者”和原文無關(guān)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

45.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段第三句Evenourschoolsarewherewesendourchildrentogetapracticaleducation—nottopursueknowledgeforthesakeofknowledge.（甚至我們的學(xué)校也是我們送孩子去接受實(shí)用教育的地方——而不是為了知識而追求知識）可以推斷出作者認(rèn)為學(xué)校只是送孩子去接受實(shí)用教育的地方，而不是去為了知識而追求它的地方，側(cè)面表達(dá)了作者認(rèn)為知識是應(yīng)該需要去追求的，結(jié)合倒數(shù)第二段Intellect,accordingtoHofstadter,isdifferentfromnativeintelligence,aqualitywereluctantlyadmire.Intellectisthecritical,creative,andcontemplativesideofthemind.Intelligenceseekstograsp,manipulate,re-order,andadjust,whileintellectexamines,ponders,wonders,theorizes,criticizesandimagines.（根據(jù)霍夫施塔特的說法，才學(xué)不同于天生的智力，天生的智力是一種我們勉強(qiáng)欣賞的品質(zhì)。才學(xué)是頭腦中批判、創(chuàng)造和沉思的一面。智力尋求掌握、操縱、重新安排和調(diào)整，而才學(xué)則檢查、思考、創(chuàng)造奇跡、推理、批評和想象。）可知作者認(rèn)為智力是天生的，但是才學(xué)是可以通過檢查、思考、創(chuàng)造奇跡、推理、批評和想象這一系列所追求到，并沒有提到才學(xué)僅次于智力，選C選項(xiàng)“它需要被追求”，同時可知A選項(xiàng)“它僅次于智力”錯誤；B選項(xiàng)“它從常識演變而來”和D選項(xiàng)“它是力量的基礎(chǔ)”不符合原文，排除。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Theyoungwomanwassobeautifulthatshe______everyotherwomanattheball.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.belittled

B.foiled

C.offset

D.eclipsed

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.belittled貶低；小看B.foiled挫敗；阻止

C.offset抵消；彌補(bǔ)D.eclipsed使失色；黯然失色

【考查點(diǎn)】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)so…that可知，此處是結(jié)果狀語從句，根據(jù)前半句句意“那位年輕女子是如此漂亮”可推知，she______everyotherwoman是指“她令其他女子黯然失色”，故該題選擇D項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)都不符合句意。

【句意】那位年輕女子太漂亮了，使舞會上的其他婦女黯然失色。

7.單選題

Takethisbitofseemingly（）advice:Inordertowritequickly,youmustfirstthinkslowly.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.paradoxical

B.contradict

C.parallel

D.disordering

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。paradoxical“矛盾的”符合句意。contradict為動詞“與……矛盾”；parallel“平行的”；disordering“無序的”。句意：采納這條有點(diǎn)矛盾的建議：為了寫作快一點(diǎn)，思考必須慢一點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

8.問答題

Itdemonstrateswhyitisessentialthatwefocuseffortsonmeasurestohelppreventolder

A

peoplefrombecomingillinthefirstplaceandonhavingexcellenthealthandsocialcare

B

C

servicesforthemsincetheydo.

D

【答案】試題答案：D;if

【解析】考查連詞。此處表示假設(shè)，用連詞if（假如）。

9.單選題

Romanticloveisaculturetraitfoundprimarilyinindustrializedsocieties.Elsewhereintheworld,pragmaticconsiderationsratherthanflightsoffancyareoftenusedtomakeachoiceofpartner,andromanticloveisseenasanunfortunateinconveniencethatgetsinthewayoftheordinary,rationalprocessofmateselection.TracesofthisattitudepersistintheAmericanupperclasses,wheredaughtersareexpectedtomarry“well”thatis,toamalewhoiseligiblebyreasonoffamilybackgroundandearningpotential.MostAmericans,however,seeromanticloveasessentialforasuccessfulmarriage,andtendtolookaskance（輕蔑地）atanyonewhomarriesforamorepracticalreasoninwhichloveplaysnopart.

Thephenomenonofromanticloveoccurswhentwoyoungpeoplemeetandfindoneanotherpersonallyandphysicallyattractive.Theybecomemutuallyabsorbed,starttobehaveinwhatappearstobeaflighty（充滿幻想的）evenirrationalmanner,decidethattheyarerightforoneanother,andmaythenenteramarriagewhosesuccessisexpectedtobeguaranteedbytheirenduringlove.Behaviorofthiskindisportrayedandwarmlyendorsed（贊同）throughoutAmericanpopularculture,bybooks,magazines,comics,records,popularsongs,movies,andTV.

Romanticloveisanobleideal,anditcancertainlyprovideabasisforthespousesto“l(fā)ivehappilyeverafter.”Butamarriagecanequallywellbefoundedonmuchmorepracticalconsiderations—asindeedtheyhavebeeninmostsocietiesthroughoutmostofhistory.Whyisromanticloveofsuchimportanceinthemodernworld?Thereasonseemstobethatithassomebasicfunctionsinmaintainingtheinstitutionofthenuclearfamily（小家庭）.

31.Romanticloveislessfrequentlyfoundinmanynon-industrialsocietiesbecausepeopleinthesesocieties_____.

32.Theunderlinedword“eligible”inPara.1couldbestbereplacedby_____.

33.Accordingtothepassage,mostAmericans_____.

34.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraphaboutromanticlove?

35.Theauthorseemstobelievethat_____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.firmlybelievethatonlymoneycanmaketheworldgoround

B.failtobringtheimaginativepowerofthemindintofullplay

C.fondlythinkthatflightsoffancypreventthemfrommakingacorrectchoiceofpartner

D.havefarmorepracticalconsiderationstodeterminewhowillmarrywhom

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.qualified

B.available

C.chosen

D.influential

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.expecttheirdaughterstofallinlovewithamaleatfirstsight

B.regardromanticloveasthebasisforasuccessfulmarriage

C.lookuptothosewhomarryforthesakeofwealth

D.considerromanticlovetobethemostdesirablethingintheworld

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itisacommonoccurrenceamongtheold.

B.Itisprimarilydescribedbybooks.

C.Itischaracterizedbymutualattractionandabsorption.

D.Itisrejectedasflightyandirrational.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.romanticlovemakespeopleunabletothinkclearlyintheprocessofmateselection

B.onlyromanticlovecanmakeamarriagehappyeverafter

C.muchmorepracticalconsiderationscanalsobethebasisforasuccessfulmarriage

D.romanticloveplaysaninsignificantroleinmaintainingtheinstitutionofthenuclearfamily

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】31.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。定位到第一段第二句話Elsewhereintheworld,pragmaticconsiderationsratherthanflightsoffancyareoftenusedtomakeachoiceofpartner,andromanticloveisseenasanunfortunateinconveniencethatgetsinthewayoftheordinary,rationalprocessofmateselection.“在世界上的其他地方，人們在選擇伴侶時往往考慮務(wù)實(shí)而非異想天開，而浪漫的愛情則被視為妨礙正常、理性的擇偶過程的不幸的麻煩”，所以答案選C選項(xiàng)“在決定誰將和誰結(jié)婚時，有更實(shí)際的考慮”。

A選項(xiàng)“堅(jiān)信只有金錢才能使世界運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)”，文章沒有提及，屬于反向干擾。

B選項(xiàng)“不能充分發(fā)揮想象力”，見正確選項(xiàng)，這里只是說非工業(yè)社會的人的擇偶觀比較務(wù)實(shí)不是說不能發(fā)揮想象力，這里屬于推理過度。

D選項(xiàng)“天真地認(rèn)為幻想妨礙了他們正確地選擇伴侶”文章沒有提及，屬于反向干擾。

32.推理判斷題。第一步，句中前后信息銜接，定位到文章第一段倒數(shù)第二句TracesofthisattitudepersistintheAmericanupperclasses,wheredaughtersareexpectedtomarry“well”thatis,toamalewhoiseligiblebyreasonoffamilybackgroundandearningpotential.“這種態(tài)度的痕跡在美國上層社會依然存在，那里的女孩被期望嫁給‘好’的男人，也就是說，嫁給一個有家庭背景和收入潛力的合適的男人”，這里可以看出這句描述的是美國上層階級選女婿的條件，從后面的byreasonof（處于……原因），這里可知合格的女婿是要家庭有背景，以及有潛力的人，所以答案選A“合格的，有資格的”。

B選項(xiàng)“可提供的”，文章沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

C選項(xiàng)“選擇的”，文章沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

D選項(xiàng)“有影響力的”，文章沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

33.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第一段最后一句話MostAmericans,however,seeromanticloveasessentialforasuccessfulmarriage,andtendtolookaskanceatanyonewhomarriesforamorepracticalreasoninwhichloveplaysnopart.“然而，大多數(shù)美國人認(rèn)為浪漫的愛情是成功婚姻的必要條件，并傾向于以懷疑的眼光看待那些因?yàn)楦鼘?shí)際的原因而結(jié)婚的人，這些原因中沒有愛情的作用”，從這里可知答案選B“認(rèn)為浪漫的愛情是成功婚姻的基礎(chǔ)”。

A選項(xiàng)“希望自己的女兒能與男性一見鐘情”，文章沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

C選項(xiàng)“尊敬那些為財富而結(jié)婚的人”，見正確選項(xiàng)解析，這里屬于反向干擾。

D選項(xiàng)“認(rèn)為浪漫的愛情是世界上最令人向往的東西”，文章沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

34.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。定位到第二段第一句話Thephenomenonofromanticloveoccurswhentwoyoungpeoplemeetandfindoneanotherpersonallyandphysicallyattractive.“當(dāng)兩個年輕人相遇并發(fā)現(xiàn)彼此在個人和外表上都很有吸引力時，浪漫愛情就會發(fā)生”從這里可知答案選C選項(xiàng)“它的特點(diǎn)是相互吸引和吸收”。

A選項(xiàng)“這在老年人中很常見?！蔽闹袥]有提及，屬于無中生有。

B選項(xiàng)“它主要是由書籍描述的”，定位到第三段最后一句話Behaviorofthiskindisportrayedandwarmlyendorsed（贊同）throughoutAmericanpopularculture,bybooks,magazines,comics,records,popularsongs,movies,andTV.“這種行為在美國流行文化中廣泛，通過書籍、雜志、漫畫、記錄、流行歌曲、電影和電視的形式被描繪并被廣泛宣傳。”從這里可知B選項(xiàng)錯誤，愛情不止是在書中描寫還有漫畫、歌謠等，這里屬于以偏概全。

D選項(xiàng)“它被拒絕為輕浮和非理性的”定位到第二段第二句話Theybecomemutuallyabsorbed,starttobehaveinwhatappearstobeaflightyevenirrationalmanner“它們相互吸收，開始表現(xiàn)出一種輕浮甚至不理智的行為方式”從這里可知D選項(xiàng)錯誤，這里屬于反向干擾。

35.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到最后一段第二句話Butamarriagecanequallywellbefoundedonmuchmorepracticalconsiderations“但婚姻同樣可以建立在更實(shí)際的考慮基礎(chǔ)上”從這里可以知道C選項(xiàng)“更實(shí)際的考慮也可以成為成功婚姻的基礎(chǔ)”正確；

B選項(xiàng)“只有浪漫的愛情才能使婚姻從此幸福美滿”，定位到最后一段最后一句Whyisromanticloveofsuchimportanceinthemodernworld?Thereasonseemstobethatithassomebasicfunctionsinmaintainingtheinstitutionofthenuclearfamily.“為什么浪漫的愛情在現(xiàn)代社會如此重要？原因似乎是它在維持核心家庭制度方面具有一些基本功能”從這里可知B選項(xiàng)錯誤，這里屬于反向干擾；

A選項(xiàng)“浪漫的愛情讓人在選擇伴侶的過程中無法清晰思考”文中沒有提及，屬于無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“浪漫的愛情在維持核心家庭制度中起著微不足道的作用”文中沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

10.單選題

Theemployerwasvery______aboutthehealthofheremployeesasreplacementsweredifficulttoget.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.splenetic

B.dogmatic

C.solicitous

D.obstinate

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)splenetic表示“壞心眼的，容易發(fā)怒的”，B項(xiàng)dogmatic表示“教條的，武斷的”，C項(xiàng)solicitous表示“熱切期望的，熱心的”，D項(xiàng)obstinate表示“頑固的，倔強(qiáng)的”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息asreplacementsweredifficulttoget（因?yàn)樘娲膯T工很難找到）可知，______aboutthehealthofheremployees表示“關(guān)心員工的健康”，besolicitousabout表示“掛念，關(guān)心”。句意：這位雇主非常關(guān)心她的雇員的健康，因?yàn)楹茈y找到替代的員工。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

11.翻譯題

Allmenarecreatedequal,thattheyareendowedbytheirCreatorwithinherentandunalienablerights,thatamongthesearelife,liberty,andthepursuitofhappiness;thattosecuretheserights,governmentsareinstitutedamongmen,derivingtheirjustpowersfromtheconsentofthegoverned;thatwheneveranyformofgovernmentbecomesdestructiveoftheseends,itistherightofthepeopletoalterortoabolishit,andtoinstitutenewgovernment;...

TranslatethefollowingshortparagraphsintoChinese

【答案】人人生而平等，造物者賦予他們與生俱來的不可剝奪的權(quán)利。包括生命權(quán)、自由權(quán)、追求快樂的權(quán)利。為了保障這些權(quán)利，政府被創(chuàng)立了，擁有被統(tǒng)治者同意的權(quán)力。無論什么時候任何形式的政府對這些目標(biāo)有破壞作用時，人們有權(quán)利改變或者廢除它。并且建立新的政府。

12.單選題

Thepolicehaveofferedalarge（

）forinformationleadingtotherobber’sarrest.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.award

B.compensation

C.prize

D.reward

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析。句意:為抓捕逃犯提供信息，警方將高額賞金。

award獎金，獎學(xué)金，通常與一段時間的成績和表現(xiàn)相關(guān)；compensation補(bǔ)償，賠償，一般與損失相關(guān)；prize獎賞，獎金，一般與競賽或比賽相關(guān)；reward報酬，獎賞，一般與勞動、服務(wù)、支持和幫助相關(guān)。

13.翻譯題

B：TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChineseandwriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheet.

(10*1=10)

Theworldsoaksincolor.Nottheprimarycolorsofspring,brittleordelicate,thereds,yellowsandbluesofaudaciousorself-effacingflowers.Autumntakesallthecolorsofspringandblendsandsoftensthemrichlytointenseshadesofpurple,crimson,bronze,amberandmahogany,displayedeithertapestry-wisesidebyside,ormergedinrichnewtones.Thetreesareresplendentincopperandgold,whilecorn-stackscrouchingabovethestubblegleamdeepyellowinsunlight.Greenoblongsdefinedbyhedgesfleckedwithscarletberriescontrastwithneatly-furrowedploughlands.Andmoorlandisspreadwitharoyalmassedembroideryofpurpleheatherbankedamongradiantgorse.

【答案】世界沉浸在色彩之中。不是春天的原色，脆弱或嬌嫩，也不是大膽或謙遜的花朵的紅、黃、藍(lán)。秋天吸收了春天的所有顏色，并將它們豐富地融合和軟化為紫色、深紅色、青銅色、琥珀色和桃花心木等強(qiáng)烈的色調(diào)，或以掛毯的方式并排展示，或以豐富的新色調(diào)融合。樹木被銅色和金色染得金碧輝煌，而蜷伏在茬子上的玉米堆在陽光下閃著深黃的光。紅色漿果點(diǎn)綴的樹籬勾勒出的綠色長方形與整齊犁溝的農(nóng)田形成了鮮明的對比。高沼地上散布著紫色石南的皇家刺繡，鑲嵌在閃閃發(fā)光的金雀花中。

14.單選題

Thedefencelawyerwasquestioningtheoldmanwhowasoneofthe（）ofthemurdercommittedlastmonth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.witnesses

B.audiences

C.viewers

D.observers

【答案】A

【解析】句意：辯護(hù)律師正在詢問上個月謀殺案的目擊者之一的老人。witnesses表示目擊者，符合句意。

15.單選題

Extraordinarycreativeactivityhasbeencharacterizedasrevolutionary,flyinginthefaceofwhatisestablishedandproducingnotwhatisacceptablebutwhatwillbecomeaccepted.Accordingtothisformulation,highlycreativeactivitytranscendsthelimitsofanexistingformandestablishesanewprincipleoforganization.However,theideathatextraordinarycreativitytranscendsestablishedlimitsismisleadingwhenitisappliedtothearts,eventhoughitmaybevalidforthesciences.Differencesbetweenhighlycreativeartandhighlycreativescienceariseinpartfromdifferencesintheirgoals.Forthesciences,anewtheoryisthegoalandendresultofthecreativeact.Innovativescienceproducesnewpropositionsintermsofwhichdiversephenomenacanberelatedtooneanotherinmorecoherentways.Suchphenomenaasabrilliantdiamondoranestingbirdarerelegatedtotheroleofdata,servingasthemeansforformulatingortestinganewtheory.Thegoalofhighlycreativeartisverydifferent:thephenomenonitselfbecomesthedirectproductofthecreativeact.Shakespeare'sHamletisnotatractaboutthebehaviorofindecisiveprincesortheusesofpoliticalpower,norisPicasso'spaintingGuernicaprimarilyapropositionalstatementabouttheSpanishCivilWarortheevilsoffascism.Whathighlycreativeartisticactivityproducesisnotanewgeneralizationthattranscendsestablishedlimits,butratheranaestheticparticular.Aestheticparticularsproducedbythehighlycreativeartistextendorexploit,inaninnovativeway,thelimitsofanexistingform,ratherthantranscendthatform.

Thisisnottodenythatahighlycreativeartistsometimesestablishesanewprincipleoforganizationinthehistoryofanartisticfield:thecomposerMonteverdi,whocreatedmusicofthehighestaestheticvalue,comestomind.Moregenerally,however,whetherornotacompositionestablishesanewprincipleinthehistoryofmusichaslittlebearingonitsaestheticworth.Becausetheyembodyanewprincipleoforganization,somemusicalworks,suchastheoperasoftheFlorentineCamerata,areofsignalhistoricalimportance,butfewlistenersormusicologistswouldincludetheseamongthegreatworksofmusic.Ontheotherhand,Mozart'sTheMarriageofFigaroissurelyamongthemasterpiecesofmusiceventhoughitsmodestinnovationsareconfinedtoextendingexistingmeans.IthasbeensaidofBeethoventhathetoppledtherulesandfreedmusicfromthestiflingconfinesofconvention.ButaclosestudyofhiscompositionsrevealsthatBeethovenoverturnednofundamentalrules.Rather,hewasanincomparablestrategistwhoexploitedlimits--therules,forms,andconventionsthatheinheritedfrompredecessorssuchasHaydnandMozart,HandelandBach--instrikinglyoriginalways.

1.Theauthorconsidersanewtheorythatcoherentlyrelatesdiversephenomenatooneanothertobethe（）

2.ThepassagesuppliesinformationforansweringallofthefollowingquestionsEXCEPT:（）

3.Theauthorregardstheideathatallhighlycreativeartisticactivitytranscendslimitswith（）

4.Theauthorimpliesthataninnovativescientificcontributionisonethat（）

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldmostlogicallyconcludethelastparagraphofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.basisforreaffirmingawell-establishedscientificformulation

B.byproductofanaestheticexperience

C.toolusedbyascientisttodiscoveranewparticular

D.resultofhighlycreativescientificactivity

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Hasunusualcreativeactivitybeencharacterizedasrevolutionary?

B.DidBeethovenworkwithinamusicaltraditionthatalsoincludedHandelandBach?

C.IsMozart'sTheMarriageofFigaroanexampleofacreativeworkthattranscendedlimits?

D.WhobesidesMonteverdiwrotemusicthattheauthorwouldconsidertoembodynewprinciplesoforganizationandtobeofhighaestheticvalue?

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.deepskepticism

B.strongindignation

C.markedindifference

D.moderateamusement

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.iscitedwithhighfrequencyinthepublicationsofotherscientists

B.isacceptedimmediatelybythescientificcommunity

C.doesnotrelegateparticularstotheroleofdata

D.introducesanewvalidgeneralization

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.UnlikeBeethoven,however,eventhegreatestofmoderncomposers,suchasStravinsky,didnottranscendexistingmusicalforms.

B.Insimilarfashion,existingmusicalformswereevenfurtherexploitedbythenextgenerationofgreatEuropeancomposers.

C.Thus,manyofthegreatcomposersdisplayedthesamecombinationoftalentsexhibitedbyMonteverdi.

D.Bycontrast,theviewthatcreativityintheartsexploitsbutdoesnottranscendlimitsissupportedinthefieldofliterature.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:根據(jù)第一段“Forthesciences...coherentways.”對于科學(xué)來說，新理論是創(chuàng)造行為的目標(biāo)和最終結(jié)果。創(chuàng)新的科學(xué)產(chǎn)生新的命題，根據(jù)這些命題，不同的現(xiàn)象可以以更連貫的方式相互關(guān)聯(lián)。所以，選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

第2題:根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，只有選項(xiàng)D除了蒙特威爾第，還有誰寫的音樂，作者認(rèn)為它體現(xiàn)了新的組織原則，具有很高的審美價值，這個在文中沒有提及。

第3題:根據(jù)第一段的最后兩句，具有高度創(chuàng)造性的藝術(shù)家所創(chuàng)作的美學(xué)細(xì)節(jié)，以一種創(chuàng)新的方式，擴(kuò)展或利用現(xiàn)有形式的局限，而不是超越這種形式。由此推斷是持懷疑的態(tài)度，選擇A正確。

第4題:根據(jù)第一段“Innovativescience...anewtheory.”創(chuàng)新的科學(xué)產(chǎn)生新的命題，根據(jù)這些命題，不同的現(xiàn)象可以以更連貫的方式相互關(guān)聯(lián)。像明亮鉆石或筑巢的鳥這樣的現(xiàn)象被歸為數(shù)據(jù)的作用，作為形成或測試新理論的手段。選項(xiàng)D引入一個新的有效的推廣表述正確。

第5題:根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可以推斷出，選項(xiàng)B以類似的方式，現(xiàn)有的音樂形式被下一代偉大的歐洲作曲家進(jìn)一步利用更能概括本段內(nèi)容，所以，選項(xiàng)B正確。

16.問答題

CharlesDarwin’s“OntheOriginofSpecies”iscreditedwithsparkingevolution’srevolution

A

inscientificthought,butmanyobservershadponderedevolutionbeforehim.Itwasunderstood

B

theidea’ssignificanceandsellingittothepublicthatmadeDarwingreat,accordingtotheArnold

C

D

Arboretum’snewdirector.

【答案】試題答案：B;understanding

【解析】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。understood一般用于beunderstoodas（被理解為），understanding意為“理解的”。

17.單選題

The（）ofthespringwaterattractsalotofvisitorsfromalloverthecountry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.clash

B.clarify

C.clarity

D.clatter

【答案】C

【解析】clash沖突；clarify澄清，闡明；clarity清澈，透明；clatter嘩啦聲，嘈雜聲。句意：清澈的泉水吸引了許多來自全國各地的游客。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

18.單選題

Iregrethavinglefttheworkunfinished;I（）everythingaheadcarefully.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.shouldplan

B.planned

C.mustplan

D.shouldhaveplanned

【答案】D

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。由前一句Iregrethavinglefttheworkunfinished“我很遺憾沒完成工作”可以知道實(shí)際上在過去對工作沒有提前計(jì)劃，因此后半句I…everythingaheadcarefully應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣表示與過去事實(shí)相反的情況，應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在完成時shouldhavedone表示過去本應(yīng)該做而沒有做，故可排除A，B，C選項(xiàng)。句意：我很遺憾工作沒完成，我本應(yīng)該提前仔細(xì)規(guī)劃好一切。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

19.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChineseandwriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheetII.

Wewilleffectivelyconserveresourcesandprotecttheenvironment.Wewillactivelyrespondtoclimatechange.Wewillstrengthenresourceconservationandmanagement,becomebetterabletoensureadequatesuppliesofresources,intensifytheprotectionoffarmlandandtheenvironment,strengthenecologicaldevelopmentandsystemstopreventandmitigatenaturaldisasters,andcomprehensivelybuildourcapacityforsustainabledevelopment.Theproportionofnon-fossilfuelsinprimaryenergyconsumptionshouldreach11.4percent;energyconsumptionandcarbondioxideemissionsperuntilofGDPshouldbereducedby16percentand17percentrespectively;thereleaseofmajorpollutantshouldbereducedby8percentto10percent;foreststockshouldbeincreasedby600millioncubicmeters;andforestcovershouldbeincreasedto21.66percent.Wewillsubstantiallyimprovewaterconservancyfacilities;makeprogressinbettercontrollingimportanttributariesoflargeriversaswellaslakesandsmallandmedium-sizedrivers;andsignificantlyimproveagriculturalirrigation,