書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-北京農(nóng)學院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

WhenI（）mysenses,Ifoundmyselfwrappedupinbedinmylittleroom,withGrandmabendingoverme.

問題1選項

A.wokeup

B.tookto

C.pickedup

D.cameto

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。cometoone’ssense意為“清醒過來；恢復理性”。句意：當我回過神來，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己正裹在小房間的床上，奶奶正俯身看著我。選項D符合語境。

2.單選題

Thisticket（

）youtoafreemealinournewrestaurant.

問題1選項

A.permits

B.entitles

C.grants

D.credits

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。permit“允許”；entitle“授權(quán)，給······稱號”；grant“授予，同意”；credit“相信，信任”。句意：憑著這張票你可以在我們的新餐廳免費吃一頓。選項B符合句意。

3.單選題

Chinahashundredsofislands.（）isTaiwanIsland.

問題1選項

A.amongthemthelargest

B.andthelargestofwhich

C.andthelargestofthem

D.butinwhichthelargest

【答案】C

【解析】句意:中國有數(shù)百個島嶼，最大的島是臺灣島。

語法題。考查復合句。逗號連接兩個句子,因此空格處至少有一個連詞。故排除A項。B項中“thelargestofwhich”和D項中“inwhichthelargest”都不能充當主語。因此，正確答案是C項。

4.單選題

（）ofover5%areattractiveifthedollarreallyisgoingtostabilize.

問題1選項

A.Manufactures

B.Yields

C.Creating

D.Receiving

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項Manufactures“產(chǎn)品”；B選項Yields“生產(chǎn)量，收益”；C選項Creating“創(chuàng)造”；D選項Receiving“接受”。句意：如果美元真的要穩(wěn)定下來，超過5%的_____率是有吸引力的。根據(jù)邏輯，前半句講到要穩(wěn)定下來，那么之后說的應(yīng)該也是“收益率”，因此B選項符合題意。

5.單選題

Thisbookisabouthowthesebasicbeliefsandvaluesaffectimportant（）ofAmericanlife.

問題1選項

A.facets

B.formats

C.formulas

D.fashions

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項facets“方面”；B選項formats“構(gòu)成”；C選項formulas“方案”；D選項fashions“風尚”。句意：這本書是關(guān)于這些基本信念和價值觀如何影響美國生活的重要方面。本句表示美國生活的重要方面。因此A選項正確。

6.單選題

Sheknowsalotofyoungmen,butitisn’teasytochoosea/an______onewhoisbothrichandattractive.

問題1選項

A.eligible

B.elegant

C.diligent

D.qualified

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項eligible“（指認為可做夫妻的男女）合意的，合適的；具備條件的”；B選項elegant“優(yōu)雅的；精美的”；C選項diligent“勤勉的”；D選項qualified“有文憑的；有限度的，有保留的”。句意：她認識很多年輕人，但要選擇一個既有錢又有魅力的______卻不容易。根據(jù)語境，這里指即使這么多優(yōu)秀的人，選一個合心意的也不容易。A選項eligible“（指認為可做夫妻的男女）合意的，合適的”符合題意。因此A選項正確。

7.單選題

TheEuropeanonlinefashionbusinessisfierce.Justaskbackersofone-timehighflierslike,theurbansportswearretailerthattankedlastyear,andD,thestrugglingmen’swearspecialist.Thoseoncestellaronlinebrandsexpandedtoofast,spentmuchmorethantheyearned,andthenlosttheirinvestorsupportafterInternetstocksbeganplummetinglastApril.Themarketssentonlinefashionstoresatoughmessage:Comeupwithbusinessmodelsthatgeneraterevenues.

AfewfirmshaveshownthatnotallonlinefashionshopsareInternetdisasters.Copenhagen-basedH,thedesigner-labeldiscountstore,Sweden’ssportswearvendorSportusandtheItalianshirtsstoreMarcoBracciaredoingwellinaverytoughenvironment.

Haburi'sdistinctivebusinessmodelisanInternetversionofthefactoryoutletwherebrandmanufacturersselldirectlytoconsumersatlowerpricesfromhugeout-of-townshoppingmalls.AconceptusedintheU.S.farmorethaninEurope,andHaburiwantstofillthegap.MichaelVad,Haburi'sCEO,saysthatEurope'sapparelfactoryoutletsectorcouldyield$10billioninsalesannually.

AccordingtoVad,nationalregulationsthatlimitmallsoutsidecitycentershavehamperedthedevelopmentofthissector.“Fortheconsumer,there’sthetwo-hourdrivetothemall,andwhenyougetthereyoudon’tknowwhetheryou’llgetthesizeorcoloryouwant,”saysVad.Bygoingonline,Haburiaimstocuttheretailer'scosts,saveconsumersthelongdrive,anddeliverorderswithintwotofivedays.Haburisplitsnetrevenue50-50withthebrandmanufacturers.

Haburialreadyhasabout30,000onlinecustomers.Theadditional$12millioninvestedinHaburilastJuneindicatesinvestorswillstillbackbusiness-to-consumerInternetcompanies,butonlyiftheyhaveasolidstrategicvisionandnotjustafashionablewhimspurredbyInternethype.SowheredidDressmartandgowrong?“Theyweresupposedtorunoutofmoney.Theywereamongthecompaniesthatonlygotinvestmentmoneyiftheypromisedveryrapidexpansion,”observesOlaAhlvarsson,Stockholm-basedCEOofResultVentureKnowledgeInternational,aventurecapitalfirmthatcontrolsSportus.ButtheruleshavechangedsinceInternetstocksdivedlastyear.

Apparelisdifficulttosellonlinebecausepeopleliketofeelandtouchtheclothestheybuy.Fortheonlineretailer,acquiringtheitems,inspectingthem,cleaningandstoringthembeforeshippingorders,plushandlingreturns,canbeexpensive.“Thecostofcustomerserviceintheapparelbusinessismuchhigherthansellingbooksorevenfurniture,”saysMatthewNordan,aretailanalystatForresterResearch'sAmsterdamoffice.Unlesslinkedtoamajorestablishedoperation,anonlineretailerneedsacompetitiveedge.Forexample,ItalianshirtmakerMarcoBraccisellsexpensivegoodsforhighprofitsandhascorneredanichemarket.Dressmart,ontheotherhand,triedtodotoomuchtoosoon.OriginallyitplannedtosellonlyshirtsandtomaketheordinalSwedishoperationprofitablebeforebranchingout.Butwithinmonthsittriedtogopan-Europeanandselleverythingincludingties,shoesandsportswear,andtorentphysicaloutletsatairports.Dressmart,onthevergeofbankruptcyandsearchingforabacker,hasnowscaledbackandoperatesonlyinSweden.

Ahlvarssonsaysone-year-oldSportus,currentlytradingintheNetherlands,Finland,SwedenandNorway,succeedsbykeepingcoststoaminimum,unlikewhichspentaround$125millioninitsbriefexistence.“Balsoboughtitstechnologyforabout$10million.That’sunrealistic.Wespent$300,000onoursanditworkslikeclockwork,”Ahlvarssonclaims.“IntheInternetworld,theythinktheguywiththemostmarketingmoneywillwin.Itis,infact,theguywiththebestmanagementteamandsupportingorganization.”

Despiteitsapparentsuccess,CEOVadadmitsthattherecentshakeoutinonlineclothesretailershasaffectedHaburi.“We’regoingtopostponeourAsianlaunch.Weneedtobuildourbrandsandgettherightsalesvolumeandbealotsmarter,”hesays.Inotherwords,thesuccessfulonlinefashionretailersaretheonesthatsticktotheirknitting.

1.Theauthorsaysthat“Haburiwantstofillthegap”.Whatdoesitmean?

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

3.Accordingtothepassage,ItalianshirtmakerMarcoBracci（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingreasonscontributestothefailureofmanyonlinefashionbusinesses?

問題1選項

A.HaburiwilltrytomakeupthelosscausedbytheplummetedInternetstocks.

B.HaburiwillusethebusinessconceptpopularinAmericaandinEurope.

C.Haburiwillincreaseitsoutputtomakeuptheneedofthecustomers.

D.Haburiwillbuildmoreout-of-townshoppingmallsasAmericansdo.

問題2選項

A.ThefailoftheseonlinefashionbusinessescausedthefallofInternetstocks.

B.Onlinefashionstoreslearnedatoughlesson:onlinefashionshopsaredisastrous.

C.Theonlinebrandshaveneverbeensuccessful.

D.ThoseoncehighflierslikeandDhavetanked.

問題3選項

A.hasobtainedacertainmarketthroughitsspecialoperation

B.haslostitsmarketbecauseofitshighcostofexpansion

C.hasn’tmadeprofitsbecausethehighcostofexpansion

D.hasnowscaledbackandoperatesonlyinSweden

問題4選項

A.Theydon’thavemanagementteamandsupportingorganization.

B.Theirexpansionofoperationistoofastbeforetheymakeprofits.

C.Theydon’thaveenoughmoneytobuynewtechnology.

D.Noinvestorisinterestedinonlinefashionbusinesses.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“作者所說的‘Haburi想去彌補空白’是什么意思？”文章第四段提到“Vad看來，對市中心之外的商場進行限制的相關(guān)國家法規(guī)阻礙了這一方案的發(fā)展”（AccordingtoVad,nationalregulationsthatlimitmallsoutsidecitycentershavehamperedthedevelopmentofthissector）；文章第三段提到Haburi獨特的商業(yè)模式是一種網(wǎng)絡(luò)版的工廠直銷店，品牌制造商直接在大型城郊購物中心以更低的價格賣給消費者（Haburi’sdistinctivebusinessmodelisanInternetversionofthefactoryoutletwherebrandmanufacturersselldirectlytoconsumersatlowerpricesfromhugeout-of-townshoppingmalls），由此可知fillthegap的方案就是建立更多的城郊購物中心，選項D符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“根據(jù)文章可知下列哪個選項是正確的？”文章第一段第二句話提到“去問問那些曾經(jīng)風光一時的企業(yè)的支持者就知道了，這些網(wǎng)絡(luò)品牌包括去年遭遇失敗的城市運動服裝零售商和陷入困境的男裝專營商D”（Justaskbackersofone-timehighflierslike,theurbansportswearretailerthattankedlastyear,andD,thestrugglingmen’swearspecialist），可知這些風光無限的企業(yè)現(xiàn)在遭遇困境，因此選項D符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“根據(jù)文章可知，意大利襯衫制作商MarcoBracci……”。文章第六段提到意大利襯衫制作商Marco通過銷售高價商品來獲取高額利潤（Forexample,ItalianshirtmakerMarcoBraccisellsexpensivegoodsforhighprofitsandhascorneredanichemarket），由此可知，Marco通過銷售奢侈品占據(jù)了一定的市場，因此選項A符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“以下哪個原因?qū)е铝嗽S多在線時尚企業(yè)失?。俊蔽恼碌诹谓榻B了Dressmart，提到Dressmart急于拓展歐洲市場（Dressmart,ontheotherhand,triedtodotoomuchtoosoon.OriginallyitplannedtosellonlyshirtsandtomaketheordinalSwedishoperationprofitablebeforebranchingout.Butwithinmonthsittriedtogopan-Europeanandselleverything…），由此可知它們失敗的原因就在于急切想要擴張業(yè)務(wù)，因此選項B符合題意。

8.單選題

AppleComputerhasunveileditsnewdesktopcomputerdesign,________alldiskdrivesandprocessorsintoaflatdisplaylessthantwoinchesthick.

問題1選項

A.enclosing

B.whichcontains

C.including

D.whichintegrates

【答案】D

【解析】考查非限制性定語從句。A選項“圍住，附上”；B選項“這些包括”；C選項“包括”；D選項“這些把……合并在了一起”。句意：蘋果公司公開了新款筆記本電腦的設(shè)計，（）所有硬盤驅(qū)動器和處理器到一個少于兩英寸厚的平板顯示器中?？崭窈竺嬗袀€關(guān)鍵介詞into，能夠和into搭配的只有integrates，所以答案選D。

9.單選題

Heplannedtobuyanapartmentsinceheisgoingtogetmarriednextyear,butthecostofthepropertyinthebigcitiesis_______.

問題1選項

A.prompt

B.proportional

C.prohibitive

D.progressive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項“prompt”意為“敏捷的，迅速的；立刻的，及時的；準時的”；B選項“proportional”意為“比例的，成比例的；相稱的，均衡的”；C選項“prohibitive”意為“禁止的；抑制的；（費用，價格等）過高的”；D選項“progressive”意為“進步的；先進的”。句意：由于明年就要結(jié)婚了，他打算買一套公寓，但大城市的房價高得令人望而卻步。由題干可知，but表轉(zhuǎn)折，說明thecostofthepropertyinthebigcities（大城市的房價）阻礙了他想買房子的計劃，由此可推測出大城市的房價高得超出他的承受能力。因此C選項符合題意。

10.單選題

Britain’spressisunusual（

）itisdividedintotwoverydifferenttypesofnewspaper.

問題1選項

A.inhow

B.inwhat

C.inwhich

D.inthat

【答案】C

【解析】考查狀語從句?？崭袂懊鏋閮蓚€完整的句子，缺少連詞連接，inthat意為“因為，原因是”，引導原因狀語從句。

句意：英國的印刷業(yè)與眾不同，因為它被分成兩種不同類型的報紙。

11.單選題

PatentmedicineusedinAmericadatesbacktotheearlydaysoftheRepublic,whendrugsimportedfromEuropeweresoldbypostmasters,goldsmiths,grocers,andtailors.TheiruseexpandedduringtheJacksonaneraasAmericansrebelledagainsttraditionaldoctorsandenthusiasticallyendorsed:quackery.Increasingurbanizationandindustrializationalsofedthemarketforpatentmedicines,asnewdrugswereneededtocombatepidemics.Butthese:sales,bymid-century,wereduetotwonon-medicalevents.

Patentlegislationin1793madeitpossibleformanufactures,toprotecttheirproductagainstcounterfeiters.Butmostmanufacturersdidnotseekpatentsontheformulasfortheirmedicines,sincethesewereoftencombinationsofcommonproductslikealcoholandvegetableextractswhichtheypreferrednottoreveal.Instead,theysoughtpatentsontheshapeofthebottle,promotionalmaterials,andlabelinformation.

Thenumberofnewspapers-publishedinthecountrygrewfrom200duringJefferson’sadministrationtoover4000atthetimeofLincoln'spresidency.Thepennypress,begunbyBenjaminDayin1833wasmarketedatamassaudienceandcostjustonecentperissue.Torecoverrevenuelostfromsubscriptionprices,Dayandotherssoughtprofitsthroughadvertising.Patentmedicinewasperfectproducttoadvertiseinpennypaperssinceitssensationalclaimsbuttressedthesensationalbentofthenewsandstoriesinthem.

“LydiaPinkham’sVegetableCompound”wasthemost,successfulpatentmedicineofthecentury,andMrs.Pinkham’sfacewasknownacrossthecountry.LikemostAmericans,shewasconvincedthatDivineProvidencehadstockedthepromisedlandwithvegetablesandherbsunknownelsewhere,whichcouldcuredisease.Mrs.Pinkhamreceivedthebasicformulaforhernostrumaspaymentforadebtowedbyherhusband.Asaresultofsevereeconomichardshipsforherfamily,shebeganheavypromotionofthemedicineinBostonnewspapersin1876,andhersonattachedhismother'spicturetotheproduct.Thuswasbornmodemadvertising.Mrs.Pinkhamwaspopularwithherfemalefollowersforherfeministbent,andforthefactthatsheencouragedthemtowriteherforadvice.AnanalysisofthecompoundbytheAMAin1914revealedthatitwas20percentalcohol,withtherestmadeofvegetableextracts.

1.Whataspectofpatentmedicinedoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Theauthorimpliesthatwhichofthefollowingwasthereasonwhymostmanufacturerspreferrednottoseekpatentsontheirmedicines?

3.Accordingtoparagraph3,theresultofmarketingthepennypressatamassaudiencewas（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingdidpatentmedicineandthepennypresshaveincommon,accordingtothepassage?

5.WhydoestheauthormentionMrs.Pinkharn'sphoto?

問題1選項

A.Thedangers

B.Whyiswassopopular

C.Asanexampleofquackery

D.Themostsuccessfulproducts

問題2選項

A.Theymademaremoneyfromthebottlethanthecontents

B.Theyconsidereditwasn'tnecessarybecauseofthehighdemandfortheseproducts

C.Thepatentlegislationwasnotaneffectiveprotectionagainstcopies

D.Theyusuallyblendedcommonproductsintomedicines

問題3選項

A.adecreaseinrevenue

B.decreasedsubscriptions

C.increasedadvertising

D.increasedsalesofpatentmedicines

問題4選項

A.Anapproachtogainingattentionofthepublic

B.Abeliefinadvertising

C.Theneedtorecovermoney

D.Amassaudience

問題5選項

A.Becauseofherson

B.Asanexampleofthepromotionalapproach

C.Tohelpexplainwhyshewassopopularwithwomen

D.Becauseofherhusband

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.試題解析：主旨大意題。文章第一段主要介紹了專利藥品在美國的起源以及當時銷售的渠道；第二段主要介紹了專利權(quán)立法的作用以及制造商用它保護藥品的產(chǎn)品包裝，而不是藥物本身的配方；第三段主要講述了專利藥廣告在報紙上的刊登，能帶來銷量；第四段以具體的例子，介紹專利藥受歡迎的原因。因此B選項“為什么這么受歡迎”最符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。由文章第二段中的Butmostmanufacturersdidnotseekpatentsontheformulasfortheirmedicines,sincethesewereoftencombinationsofcommonproductslikealcoholandvegetableextractswhichtheypreferrednottoreveal.（但是大多數(shù)制造商并沒有為他們的藥物的配方申請專利，因為這些藥品通常是他們不愿意透露的普通產(chǎn)品的組合，如酒精和蔬菜提取物）可知D選項“他們通常將普通產(chǎn)品混合成藥品”符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。由文章第三段中的Thepennypress,begunbyBenjaminDayin1833wasmarketedatamassaudienceandcostjustonecentperissue.Torecoverrevenuelostfromsubscriptionprices,Dayandotherssoughtprofitsthroughadvertising.（由BenjaminDay于1833年創(chuàng)辦的廉價在大眾受眾中銷售，每期僅售一分錢。為了彌補訂閱價格損失的收入，Day和其他人通過廣告尋求利潤）可知向大眾推銷廉價報紙的結(jié)果是收入的減少，因此選A。

4.推理判斷題。由文章第三段中的Torecoverrevenuelostfromsubscriptionprices,Dayandotherssoughtprofitsthroughadvertising.Patentmedicinewasperfectproducttoadvertiseinpennypaperssinceitssensationalclaimsbuttressedthesensationalbentofthenewsandstoriesinthem.（為了彌補訂閱價格損失的收入，Day和其他人通過廣告尋求利潤。專利藥是在廉價報紙上做廣告的完美產(chǎn)品，由于其聳人聽聞的說法支持了新聞和故事的聳人聽聞的傾向）可知專利藥在報紙上做廣告的目的是為了吸引觀眾，銷售其產(chǎn)品來獲利，廉價報紙的發(fā)行也是為了獲利，因此選C。

5.推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中的的Asaresultofsevereeconomichardshipsforherfamily,shebeganheavypromotionofthemedicineinBostonnewspapersin1876,andhersonattachedhismother'spicturetotheproduct.Thuswasbornmodemadvertising.（由于家庭經(jīng)濟困難，她于1876年開始在波士頓報紙上大力推廣這種藥物，她的兒子把她的照片貼在產(chǎn)品上。因此，現(xiàn)代廣告誕生了）可知作者提及Mrs.Pinkharn'sphoto的照片是把其當作推銷手段中的一個例子，因此選B。

12.案例題

Thinkaboutwhatwouldmakeyoureally,reallyhappy.Moremoney?Wrong.Smiling,well-adjustedkids?Wrongagain.Thefactisweareterribleatpredictingthesourceofjoy.Andwhateverchoiceswedomake,welikelylaterdecideitwasallforthebest.

Theseareinsightsfromhappinesseconomics,perhapsthehottestfieldinwhatusedtobecalledthedismalscience.Happinessiseverywhere—onthebest-sellerlists,inthemindsofpolicymakers,andfrontandcenterforeconomists—yetitremainselusive.Thegoldenruleofeconomicshasalwaysbeenthatwell-beingisasimplefunctionofincome.That'swhynationsandpeoplealikestriveforhigherincomes-moneygivesuschoiceandameasureoffreedom.Afteracertainincomecap,wesimplydon'tgetanyhappier.Anditisn'twhatwehave,butwhetherwehavemorethanourneighbor,thatreallymatters.Sothenewslastweekthatin2006tophedge-fundmanagerstookhome$240million,minimum,probablydidn'tmakethemanyhappier,itjustmadetherestofuslessso.

Nowpolicymakersareracingtofigureoutwhatmakespeoplehappy,andjusthowtheyshoulddeliverit.CountriesasdiverseasBhutan,Australia,China,ThailandandtheU.K.arecomingupwith,"happinessindexer,"tobeusedalongsideGDPasaguidetosociety'sprogress.InBritain,the"politicsofhappiness"willlikelyfigureprominentlyinnextyear'selections.Nevermindthattheworld'stophappinessresearchersrecentlygatheredataconferenceinRometodebatewhetherjoyisevenmeasurable.

Whyisthisallhappeningnow?Onlyinthelastdecadehaveeconomists,psychologists,biologistsandphilosophersbeguncross-pollinatinginsuch-awaytoarriveat"happinessstudies."HarvardpsychologistDanielGilberthumorouslysumsupmuchofthenewwisdominhisbook"StumblingonHappiness."Hesays24-hourtelevisionandtheInternethaveallowedusalltoseemoreseeminglyhappypeoplethaneverbefore."We'resurroundedbythelifestylesoftherichandfamous,"saysGilbert,"rubbingournosesinthefactthatothershavemore."

Ofcourse,theideathatmoneyisn'ttherealkeytohappinessisn'tnew.The18th-centuryBritishEnlightenmentthinkerJeremyBenthamarguedthatpublicpolicyshouldtrytomaximizehappiness,andmanyprominenteconomistsagreedbutcouldnotquiteembracetheidea.Therewasjustnowaytomeasurehappinessobjectively.

Oneoftheearlyrevelationsofhappinessresearch,fromRichardEasterlinattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia,wasthatwhilethericharetypicallyhappierthanthepoor,thehappinessboostfromextracashisn'tthatgreatonceonerisesabovethepovertyline.Thereason,saysEasterlin,isthe"hedoniccycle":wegetusedtobeingricherdarnquick,andtakeitforgrantedorcompareittowhatothershave,notwhatweusedtohave.Turnsout,keepingupwiththeJonesesishard-wiredintoourbrains,thankstoourpack-creatureroots.

Thoughmanyhappinessresearcherssay"workless,playmore"istheformulaforhappiness,RuutVeenhoven,aprofessoratErasmusUniversityinRotterdam,suggestsotherwise.Hard-workingAmericansranks17thonhislist;thehard-vacationingFrench39th.HumanbeingsdowantaEuropean-stylesafetynet,butalsowantfreedomandopportunity.

Andperhapsourintuitionsabouthappinessshouldtriumphoverthefuzzydata,anyway.Theeconomicsofhappinesshasgivenusacoupleoffairlyhardandfastrulesaboutwell-beingbeingtrulypoorisbad,andtimewithfriendsandfamilyaregood.Thegoodnewsisthatwhateverchoiceswemakeindividuallyandassocietiesinthepursuitofhappinessthere'sgoodchancethatthey'llseembetterinhindsight.Yetanothertruismofhappinessisthat"weallwearrose-coloredglasseswhenitcomestoourpastdecision-making."saysGilbert.Today'sdreadfullifechoicewilllikelybetomorrow'shappyaccident.

Thepassagebelowsummarizesthemainpointsofthepassage.Readthesummaryandthenselectthebestwordorphrasefromtheboxblowaccordingtothepassage.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

Wearepooratprevisionoftheoriginofhappiness,andwewouldprobablybelievethedecisionwemadeisthemostsatisfactory.TheHappinesshasbecome(1)everywherebuttoughtodefine.Nationsandpeoplemanagetogainhigherincomesbasedontheprincipleofeconomicsthat(2)arerelatedtohappiness,butthatisnot(3).Wealthaloneisn'tnecessarilywhatmakesushappy.Itmakesdifferentifwepossessmorethan(4),andthat'swhywefeelunhappytofindthosetop(5)havesuperlativeincome.Somenationsarebeginningtoconsiderissueslikemeasuringsociety'sprogressby(6)aswellasGDP,andresearchersevenheldseminartoexchangesurveysaboutthe(7),thoughtheinfluentialtopicwasadvanced10yearsago.Theissuethatastatepolicyshouldbe(8)thehappinessofthemajority,eruptedmanydecadesagobyBritishEnlightenmentthinkerJeremyBenthamandacceptedbymanyeminenteconomists,couldnotfairly(9),becausehappinesscannotbeobjectivelymeasured.The(10)ofthehappinessmadebyRichardEasterlinisthatthewealthmakespeoplehappier,buttheirhappinesswillnot(11)asgreatasitshouldbeiftheyliveabovethe(12).Theycaneasilytakethelifeforgrantedand(13)themoreexpansivewayoflife.Theyare(14)tocomparethelifewithothersandmanagetokeepupwiththeJoneses.RuutVeenhoven,aprofessoratErasmusUniversityinRotterdam,doesnotsupportthe(15)"workless,playmore".Accordingtohisinvestigationofhappinesslist,peoplewantaEuropean-style(16)andwanttoenjoyfreedomandopportunityaswell.Weshouldprobablygobeyondtheconfusinginformationand(17)thefairlyprinciplesofthehappiness:povertyis(18),stavingwithfriendsandfamilyis(19),andthedecisionsmade(20)arebychancetobehappyexperience.

A.happinessindexes

B.putintoeffect

C.preliminaryinterpretation

D.formulaforhappiness

E.terrible

F.earnings

G.safetyscheme

H.measurementofhappiness

I.adaptto

J.Mr.Joneses

K.optimize

L.povertyline

M.thecase

N.acquaintwith

O.innate

P.inthepast

Q.joyful

R.agitatingtopics

S.escalate

T.hedge-fundmanagers

【答案】1.R

2.F

3.M

4.J

5.T

6.A

7.H

8.I

9.B

10.C

11.S

12.L

13.N

14.O

15.D

16.G

17.K

18.E

19.Q

20.P

【解析】1.根據(jù)第二段的第二句"Happinessiseverywhere—onthebest-sellerlists,inthemindsofpolicymakers,andfrontandcenterforeconomists—yetitremainselusive."可知,幸福是個有爭議的話題。所以，空格處應(yīng)填"agitatingtopics"。

2.根據(jù)第二段的三四句"Thegoldenruleofeconomicshasalwaysbeenthatwell-beingisasimplefunctionofincome."經(jīng)濟學的黃金法則一直是：幸福是收入的簡單函數(shù)。也就是說人們將收入和幸福聯(lián)系起來。所以，空格處應(yīng)填"earnings"。

3.thatisnotthecase為固定搭配，意為"事實并非如此"。文中第二段有提到"Afteracertainincomecap,wesimplydon'tgetanyhappier."收人增加不一定會使我們幸福。所以,空格處應(yīng)填"thecase"。

4.根據(jù)第二段的"butwhetherwehavemorethanourneighbor,thatreallymatters."重要的是我們是否比鄰居擁有的更多。以及倒數(shù)第三段的最后一句"Turnsout,keepingupwiththeJonesesishard-wiredintoourbrains,thankstoourpack-creatureroots."由此可以推斷，這里的neighbor和Mr.Joneses相對應(yīng)。

5.根據(jù)第二段的最后一句"Sothenewslastweek...madetherestofuslessso."2006年頂級對沖基金經(jīng)理至少賺了2.4億美元，這可能并沒有讓他們更快樂，只是讓我們其他人不那么快樂。所以使我們不快樂的是髙收入的對沖基金經(jīng)理。所以,空格處應(yīng)填"hedge-fundmanagers"。

6.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞"GDP"定位到第三段第二句“...,“happinessindexer,”tobeusedalongsideGDPasaguidetosociety'sprogress.”不丹、澳大利亞、中國、泰國和英國等多個國家都提出了“幸福指數(shù)”將與GDP一起作為社會進步的指南。所以,空格處應(yīng)填"happinessindexes"。

7.根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“Nevermindthattheworld'stophappinessresearchersrecentlygatheredataconferenceinRometodebatewhetherjoyisevenmeasurable.”最近，世界頂尖的幸福研究人員在羅馬召開了一次會議，討論快樂是否可以衡量。所以，空格處應(yīng)填"measurementofhappiness"。

8.根據(jù)第五段的第二句“The18th-centuryBritishEnlightenmentthinkerJeremyBenthamarguedthatpublicpolicyshouldtrytomaximizehappiness,...”18世紀的英國啟蒙思想家JeremyBentham認為，國家政策應(yīng)該將幸福最大化。"adaptto"指適應(yīng)于...。

9.根據(jù)第五段的第二句“...andmanyprominenteconomistsagreedbutcouldnotquiteembracetheidea.”許多著名經(jīng)濟學家同意這一觀點,但并不完全贊同。也就是說不能完全實施執(zhí)行。"putintoeffect"意為執(zhí)行。

10.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“RichardEasterlin”定位到第六段第一句“Oneoftheearlyrevelationsofhappinessresearch,fromRichardEasterlinattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia,...”由此可知RichardEasterlin曾對幸福做過早期的研究。所以,空格處應(yīng)填"preliminaryinterpretation"。

11.根據(jù)第六段第一句“...whilethericharetypicallyhappierthanthepoor,thehappinessboostfromextracashisn'tthatgreatonceonerisesabovethepovertyline.”雖然富人通常比窮人更幸福，但獲得額外的金錢并不會像擺脫貧困線那樣更能增加幸福。所以，空格處應(yīng)填"escalate"。

12.根據(jù)第六段第一句“...thehappinessboostfromextracashisn'tthatgreatonceonerisesabovethepovertyline.”可知，空格處應(yīng)填入"povertyline"。

13.根據(jù)第六段的倒數(shù)第二句“wegetusedtobeingricherdarnquick,andtakeitforgrantedorcompareittowhatothershave,notwhatweusedtohave.”我們很快就習慣了變得更富有，并且認為這是理所當然的，或者把它與別人所擁有的相比，而不是與我們曾經(jīng)擁有的相比。所以，空格處應(yīng)填"acquaintwith"。

14.根據(jù)第六段的最后一句“Turnsout,keepingupwiththeJonesesishard-wiredintoourbrains,...”事實證明，與他人攀比是我們大腦的固有模式。所以，空格處應(yīng)填"innate"。

15.定位到第七段第一句“"workless,playmore"istheformulaforhappiness.”"少工作,多娛樂"是幸福的公式。所以，空格處應(yīng)填"formulaforhappiness"。

16.根據(jù)第七段最后一句“HumanbeingsdowantaEuropean-stylesafetynet,...”人類確實需要一個歐洲式的安全網(wǎng)...。所以，空格處應(yīng)填"safetyscheme"。

17.根據(jù)最后一段的第一句“perhapsourintuitionsabouthappinessshouldtriumphoverthefuzzydata,anyway.”也許我們對幸福的直覺應(yīng)該超過那些模糊的數(shù)據(jù)。所以，空格處應(yīng)填"optimize"。

18.根據(jù)最后一段的第二句“Theeconomicsofhappinesshasgivenusacoupleoffairlyhardandfastrulesaboutwell-beingbeingtrulypoorisbad,...”由此可知，貧窮是不好的，是可怕的。所以應(yīng)填"terrible"。

19.根據(jù)最后一段的第二句“...andtimewithfriendsandfamilyaregood.”與家人和朋友在一起是令人愉快的。所以，空格處應(yīng)填"joyful"。

20.根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“...weallwearrose-coloredglasseswhenitcomestoourpastdecision-making...”談到我們過去的決策，我們都是樂觀的。所以，空格處應(yīng)填"inthepast"。

13.單選題

Ifeelratherata（

）talkingtoher,becauseshe’ssoclever.

問題1選項

A.mistake

B.fault

C.disadvantage

D.defect

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。beatadisadvantage“處于不利的地位”。選項C符合題意。

14.單選題

Theycouldn’tseea____ofhopethattheywouldbesavedbyapassingship.

問題1選項

A.grain

B.span

C.sliced

D.gleam

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.grain谷物；谷粒B.span一段時間

C.sliced切成薄片D.gleam少量

【答案】D

【考查點】固定搭配。

【解題思路】固定搭配：agleamofhope“一線希望；一線生機”。由句意“他們看不到被一艘經(jīng)過的船救下的希望。”可知，該選項符合語境。因此選D。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C選項均不符合搭配。

【句意】他們看不出有一線希望能被過路的船救起。

15.填空題

Inthepastcastleswerenormallyclassifiedas"militaryengineering"andbanished(1)___thearchitecturalsceneatonce.Today,architectsandengineers(2)___farmorecloselylinked(3)___inthepast;wearethereforereadyto(4)___theidea,becauseacastlewasdesigned(5)___awell-protectedhome(6)___itsoccupants(7)___qualitieswhichwecanrecognize(8)___essentiallyarchitectural.Oncethesite(9)___thecastlehadbeenchosen(10)___formwouldbedictated(11)___thematerialswithwhichit(12)___tobebuiltandthemanyservices(13)___hadtoprovideforthose(14)___itswalls.(15)___itschiefrolewasadefensive(16)___,intimesofpeaceit(17)___beexpectedtoact(18)___thecentreoflocalgovernment,ahall(19)___justiceorperhaps(20)___aprison.

【答案】1.from

2.are

3.than

4.develop

5.as

6.for

7.with

8.as

9.for

10.the

11.by

12.ought

13.which

14.within

15.Wh