書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-蘭州工業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

______thatratherthanavoidcapturehepresentedhimselfattheprisongates.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Legendhasit

B.Ashaslegend

C.Legendashasit

D.Asithaslegend

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：據(jù)說，為了不被抓，他去自首了。A選項(xiàng)Legendhasit“據(jù)說”為固定搭配，符合題意，其余選項(xiàng)用法錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.

China’slong-runningcampaigntotightenmonetarypolicymayhavealittlemorelifeinitwitheconomistsexpectingthePeople’sBankofChinawillraiseinterestratesatleastonemoretimethisyear,asurveyofeconomistsbyDowJonesNewswiresshowedWednesday.

SixoutofteneconomistspolledsaidtheyexpectedChina’scentralbankwilllikelyraisethebenchmarklendinganddepositratesbyafurther0.25percentagepointeachthisyeartocombathighinflation.Theotherfourforecasterspredictedbetweenoneandtwohikesthroughtheendoftheyear.

ThePeople’sBankofChinaisalsolikelytoraisebanks’reserverequirementratioby50basispointsnextmonth,continuingitspatternofraisingtheratioonceamonthsofarthisyear,accordingtothesurvey.Buteconomistsexpectthepaceofsuchincreasestoslowlaterintheyear.“Withinflationstayingrelativelyhigh,theauthoritiesareunlikelytorelaxpolicytighteningintheshortterm,”ChinaInternationalCapitalCorporationLtd,economistPengWensheng(彭文生)said.

ThelatestinflationdatashowedthatChina’sconsumerpriceindexrose5.3%fromayearearlierinApril,downslightlyfromMarch’s5.4%risebutstillwellabovetheofficialfull-yeartargetofaround4%.ManyeconomistsexpectinflationtopeakinJune.

【答案】道瓊斯通訊社周三對經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，中國長期的貨幣緊縮政策可能會(huì)稍微放寬一點(diǎn)，同吋也有經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家希望中國銀行今年至少再提高一次利率。

十分之六的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家投票支持中國中央銀行在今年將基準(zhǔn)利率和存款利率分別再提高0.25個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，以應(yīng)對高通貨膨脹率。其他四個(gè)預(yù)報(bào)員預(yù)計(jì)在今年年底還會(huì)有一到兩次的提高。

調(diào)查表明，中國銀行將會(huì)延續(xù)其今年一個(gè)月提髙一次比率的態(tài)勢，在下個(gè)月可能將銀行存款準(zhǔn)備進(jìn)率提高50個(gè)基本點(diǎn)。但經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家希望今年這種提高的幅度能夠減緩。中國國際金融有限公司的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家彭文生表示，“在通脹率維持在較高水平的情況下，當(dāng)局不大可能在短期內(nèi)放寬緊縮政策”。

最新的通貨膨脹數(shù)據(jù)顯示，中國的消費(fèi)者物價(jià)指數(shù)從去年四月份開始提髙了5.3個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，相比三月份的5.4個(gè)百分點(diǎn)有所下降，但仍遠(yuǎn)高于官方大約4個(gè)百分點(diǎn)的全年目標(biāo)。許多經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家預(yù)計(jì)通貨膨脹率將在6月份達(dá)到峰值。

3.單選題

Thepriestmadethe（）ofthecrosswhenheenteredthechurch.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.mark

B.signal

C.sign

D.gesture

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)mark“標(biāo)志，記號”；B選項(xiàng)signal“信號，暗號”；C選項(xiàng)sign“符號，記號，手勢”；D選項(xiàng)gesture“姿態(tài)，手勢”。四個(gè)詞中，只有sign可與“cross（十字）”搭配，thesignofthecross表示“一個(gè)十字符號”。例如：toconsecratewiththesignofthecross（劃十字祝福）。句意：當(dāng)他進(jìn)入教堂時(shí)神父畫了個(gè)十字。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是C選項(xiàng)。

4.單選題

Thepredictabilityofourmortalityratesissomethingthathaslongpuzzledsocialscientists.Afterall,thereisnonaturalreasonwhy2,500peopleshouldaccidentallyshootthemselveseachyearorwhy7,000shoulddrownor55,000dieintheircars.Nooneestablishesaquotaforeachtypeofdeath.Itjusthappensthattheyfollowaconsistentpatternyearafteryear.

AfewyearsagoaCanadianpsychologistnamedGeraldWildebecameinterestedinthisphenomenon.HenoticedthatmortalityratesforviolentandaccidentaldeathsthroughouttheWesternworldhaveremainedoddlystaticthroughoutthewholeofthecentury,despiteallthetechnologicaladvancesandincreasesinsafetystandardsthathavehappenedinthattime.Wildedevelopedanintriguingtheorycalled“riskhomeostasis”.Accordingtothistheory,peopleinstinctivelylivewithacertainlevelofrisk.Whensomethingismadesafer,peoplewillgetaroundthemeasureinsomewaytoreasserttheoriginallevelofdanger.If,forinstance,theyarerequiredtowearseatbelts,theywillfeelsaferandthuswilldrivealittlefasterandalittlemorerecklessly,therebystatisticallycancelingoutthebenefitsthattheseatbeltconfers.Otherstudieshaveshownthatwhereanintersectionismadesafer,theaccidentrateinvariablyfallstherebutrisestoacompensatinglevelelsewherealongthesamestretchofroad.Itappears,then,thatwehaveaninnateneedfordanger.

Inallevents,itisbecomingclearerandclearertoscientiststhatthefactorsinfluencingourlifespanarefarmoresubtleandcomplexthanhadbeenpreviouslythought.Itnowappearsthatifyouwishtolivealonglife,itisn’tsimplyamatterofadheringtocertainprecautions:eatingtherightfoods,notsmoking,drivingwithcare.Youmustalsohavetherightattitude.ScientistsattheDukeUniversityMedicalCentermadea15-yearstudyof500persons’personalitiesandfound,somewhattotheirsurprise,thatpeoplewithasuspiciousormistrustfulnaturedieprematurelyfarmoreoftenthanpeoplewithasunnydisposition.Lookingonthebrightside,itseems,canaddyearstoyourlifespan.

1.Whatsocialscientistshavelongfeltpuzzledaboutiswhy______.

2.Inhisresearch,GeraldWildefindsthattechnologicaladvancesandincreasesinsafetystandards______.

3.Accordingtothetheoryof“riskhomeostasis”,sometrafficaccidentsresultfrom_______.

4.Bysaying“...statisticallycancelingoutthebenefitsthattheseatbeltconfers”(Para.2),theauthormeans______.

5.Whichofthefollowingmaycontributetoalongerlifespan?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.themortalityratecannotbepredicted

B.thedeathtollremainedstableyearafteryear

C.aquotaforeachtypeofdeathhasnotcomeintobeing

D.peoplelosttheirliveseveryyearforthisorthatreason

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.havehelpedsolvetheproblemofsohighdeathrate

B.haveoddlyaccountedformortalityratesinthepastcentury

C.havereducedmortalityratesforviolentandaccidentaldeaths

D.haveachievednoeffectinbringingdownthenumberofdeaths

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.ourinnatedesireforrisk

B.ourfastandrecklessdriving

C.ourignoranceofseatbeltbenefits

D.ourinstinctiveinterestinspeeding

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.wearingseatbeltsdoesnothaveanybenefitsfromthestatisticpointofview

B.deathsfromwearingseatbeltsarethesameasthosefromnotwearingthem

C.deathsfromotherreasonscounterbalancethebenefitsofwearingseatbelts

D.wearingseatbeltsdoesnotnecessarilyreducedeathsfromtrafficaccidents

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Showingadequatetrustinsteadofsuspicionofothers.

B.Eatingthefoodlowinfatanddrivingwithgreatcare.

C.Cultivatinganoptimisticpersonalityandneverlosingheart.

D.Lookingonthebrightsideanddevelopingabalancedlevelofrisk.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第一段“Thepredictabilityofourmortalityratesissomethingthathaslongpuzzledsocialscientists...Nooneestablishesaquotaforeachtypeofdeath.Itjusthappensthattheyfollowaconsistentpatternyearafteryear.（死亡率的可預(yù)測性長期以來一直困擾著社會(huì)科學(xué)家……沒有人為每種死亡類型設(shè)定一個(gè)限額。他們只是年復(fù)一年地遵循著一種一成不變的模式。）”由此可知B選項(xiàng)“死亡人數(shù)年復(fù)一年保持穩(wěn)定”說法正確。A選項(xiàng)“死亡率無法預(yù)測”，文章的意思為死亡人數(shù)年復(fù)一年保持穩(wěn)定，所以社會(huì)科學(xué)家很難預(yù)測死亡率的變化，并不是說死亡率不可預(yù)測，所以A選項(xiàng)說法錯(cuò)誤；C選項(xiàng)“還沒有形成每種死亡類型的限額”和D選項(xiàng)“人們每年因?yàn)檫@個(gè)或那個(gè)原因而失去生命”雖然文中都有提到，但這些都是死亡人數(shù)保持穩(wěn)定的原因，不是主要困擾社會(huì)科學(xué)家們的問題。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段“HenoticedthatmortalityratesforviolentandaccidentaldeathsthroughouttheWesternworldhaveremainedoddlystaticthroughoutthewholeofthecentury,despiteallthetechnologicaladvancesandincreasesinsafetystandardsthathavehappenedinthattime.（他注意到，整個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，盡管在這段時(shí)間里發(fā)生了所有的技術(shù)進(jìn)步和安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提高，西方世界的暴力和意外死亡死亡率一直保持著奇怪的穩(wěn)定。）”，由此可知技術(shù)進(jìn)步和安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的提高并未降低各種原因的死亡人數(shù)，所以D選項(xiàng)“沒有達(dá)到降低死亡人數(shù)的效果”說法正確。A選項(xiàng)“幫助解決了高死亡率的問題”、B選項(xiàng)“在過去的一個(gè)世紀(jì)中對死亡率的解釋很奇怪”以及C選項(xiàng)“減少了暴力和意外死亡的死亡率”都不符合文章事實(shí)，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段“Accordingtothistheory,peopleinstinctivelylivewithacertainlevelofrisk.Whensomethingismadesafer,peoplewillgetaroundthemeasureinsomewaytoreasserttheoriginallevelofdanger...Itappears,then,thatwehaveaninnateneedfordanger.（根據(jù)這一理論，人們本能地生活在一定程度的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)中。當(dāng)某物變得更安全時(shí)，人們會(huì)以某種方式繞過該措施，重新確認(rèn)原來的危險(xiǎn)水平……這樣看來，我們對危險(xiǎn)有一種天生的需求。）”，由此可知A選項(xiàng)“我們天生的冒險(xiǎn)欲望”說法正確。B選項(xiàng)“我們的快速和魯莽駕駛”；C選項(xiàng)“我們對安全帶好處的無知”；D選項(xiàng)“我們對超速的本能興趣”文章雖然都有提到，但那些都并不是體內(nèi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)平衡理論主要闡述的導(dǎo)致交通事故的根本原因，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段“If,forinstance,theyarerequiredtowearseatbelts,theywillfeelsaferandthuswilldrivealittlefasterandalittlemorerecklessly,therebystatisticallycancelingoutthebenefitsthattheseatbeltconfers.（例如，如果他們被要求系上安全帶，他們會(huì)感到更安全，因此會(huì)開車更快一點(diǎn)，更魯莽一點(diǎn)，從而從統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)上抵消了安全帶帶來的好處。）”，由此可知從統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)的角度說，開快車開魯莽車導(dǎo)致的死亡人數(shù)的增加抵消了系保險(xiǎn)帶引起的死亡人數(shù)減少的好處，所以C選項(xiàng)“其他原因造成的死亡抵消了系安全帶的好處”符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“從統(tǒng)計(jì)的角度來看，系安全帶沒有任何好處”和B選項(xiàng)“系安全帶和不系安全帶造成的死亡是一樣的”以及D選項(xiàng)“系上安全帶不一定能減少交通事故的死亡人數(shù)”都不是作者想要表達(dá)的意思。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段“peoplewithasuspiciousormistrustfulnaturedieprematurelyfarmoreoftenthanpeoplewithasunnydisposition.（性格多疑的人比性格開朗的人更容易過早死亡）”可知A選項(xiàng)“對他人表現(xiàn)出足夠的信任而不是懷疑”說法錯(cuò)誤，文章提到的是要保持性格開朗，C選項(xiàng)“培養(yǎng)樂觀的性格，永不氣餒”正確；根據(jù)最后一段“itisn’tsimplyamatterofadheringtocertainprecautions:eatingtherightfoods,notsmoking,drivingwithcare.（這不僅僅是堅(jiān)持某些預(yù)防措施的問題：吃正確的食物，不吸煙，小心駕駛。）”可知B選項(xiàng)“吃低脂肪的食物，小心駕駛”說法錯(cuò)誤，正確的食物不等于低脂肪的食物；根據(jù)文章最后一句話“Lookingonthebrightside,itseems,canaddyearstoyourlifespan.（往好的方面看，它似乎可以延長你的壽命。）”可知D選項(xiàng)“看到光明的一面，發(fā)展一個(gè)平衡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)水平”說法錯(cuò)誤，后半句文章沒有提到。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Theworkers'demandare（

）;theyareaskingforonlyasmallincreaseintheirwages.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.complicated

B.moderate

C.abnormal

D.commercial

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。complicated“復(fù)雜的”；moderate“適度的”；abnormal“不正常的”；commercial“商業(yè)的”。句意：工人們提出了適度的要求：漲一點(diǎn)工資。由后半句的“onlyasmallincrease…”可知這種要求是適度的。B項(xiàng)符合題意，答案B

6.單選題

Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Shecandevoteallherlifetopursuingherpassion.

B.Heraccumulatedexpertisehelpshertoachievehergoals.

C.ShecanspreadheracademicideasonaweeklyTVshow.

D.Herresearchfindingsarewidelyacclaimedintheworld.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ProvisionofguidancefornuclearlabsinEurope.

B.TouringtheglobetoattendscienceTVshows.

C.OverseeingtworesearchgroupsatOxford.

D.Scienceeducationandscientificresearch.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Abetterunderstandingofasubject.

B.Astrongerwilltomeetchallenges.

C.Abroaderknowledgeofrelatedfields.

D.Acloserrelationshipwithyoungpeople.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Byapplyingthelatestresearchmethods.

B.Bymakingfulluseoftheexistingdata.

C.Bybuildinguponpreviousdiscoveries.

D.Byutilizingmorepowerfulcomputers.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】ConversationOne

M:YouareaprofessorofphysicsattheUniversityofOxford,you’reasenioradviserattheEuropeanOrganizationforNuclearResearch,youalsoseemtotourtheglobetirelesslygivingtalks.And,inaddition,youhaveyourownweeklyTVshowonscience.Wheredoyougettheenergy?

W:[1]Oh,well,IjustlovewhatIdo.I’mextremelyfortunatetohavethislife,doingwhatIlovedoing.

M:Professor,whatexactlyisyourgoal?Whydoyoudoallofthis?

W:Well,asyousaid,Idohavedifferentthingsgoingon,buttheseIthink,canbedividedintotwogroups:[2]theeducationofscienceandthefurtherunderstandingofscience.

M:Don’tthesetwothingsgetinthewayofeachother?WhatImeanis,doesn’tgivinglecturestaketimeawayfromthelab?

W:Notreally.No.Iloveteaching,andIdon’tmindspendingmoretimedoingthat,nowthaninthepast.Also,whatIwillsayisthat[3]teachingasubjecthelpsmecomprehenditbettermyself.IfindthatitfurthersmyownknowledgewhenIhavetoexplainsomethingclearly,whenIhavetoaidothersinunderstandingit,andwhenIhavetoanswerquestionsaboutit.Teachingatahighlevelcanbeverystimulatingforanyone,nomatterhowmuchexpertisetheymayalreadyhaveinthefieldtheyareinstructing.

M:Otheranyscientificbreakthroughsthatyouseeonthenearhorizon?Asignificantdiscoveryorinventionwecanexpectsoon.

W:Theworldisalwaysconductingscienceandthereareconstantlynewthingsbeingdiscovered.Infact,rightnow[4]wehavetoomuchdatasittingincomputers.Forexample,wehavethousandsofphotosofplanetMarstakenbytelescopesthatnobodyhaseverseen.Wehavethem,yetnobodyhashadtimetolookatthemwiththeirowneyes,letaloneanalyzethem.

1.Whydoesthewomansayshecanbesoenergetic?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問為什么這位女士說她能如此精力充沛？男士問女士那么多的精力從何而來，女士回答說她就是熱愛自己所從事的事業(yè)，并且感到非常幸運(yùn)能夠擁有這樣充實(shí)的生活，做自己喜歡的事情，A選項(xiàng)“她可以奉獻(xiàn)一生去追求她所熱愛的事情”與錄音原文表述一致，因此正確。B選項(xiàng)“她積累的專業(yè)知識(shí)幫助她實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己的目標(biāo)”在錄音中沒有提及；C選項(xiàng)“她可以在每周的電視節(jié)目上傳播她的學(xué)術(shù)思想”，利用錄音中的weeklyTVshow設(shè)干擾，錄音中并沒有提及“傳播她的學(xué)術(shù)思想”，因此不正確；D選項(xiàng)“她的研究成果在世界上廣受贊譽(yù)”屬于過度推斷，錄音內(nèi)容并未涉及到這一點(diǎn)。

2.Whathasthewomanbeenengagedin?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問的是女士從事的工作。錄音中女士明確說到她同時(shí)做著不同的事情，但這些事情總的可以分為兩大類：科學(xué)教育和對科學(xué)的進(jìn)一步理解。D選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)教育和科學(xué)研究”中的scienceeducation是錄音中theeducationofscience的同義表達(dá)，而scientificresearch則是錄音原文thefurtherunderstandingofscience的抽象概括，要進(jìn)一步理解科學(xué)必然離不開科學(xué)研究。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“為歐洲核實(shí)驗(yàn)室提供指導(dǎo)”，錄音中提到女士是牛津大學(xué)的物理學(xué)教授和歐洲核研究組織的高級顧問，前者屬于科學(xué)教育，后者屬于科學(xué)研究，A選項(xiàng)只涉及其中一個(gè)是不全面的，因此不正確；B選項(xiàng)“到世界各地參加科學(xué)類的電視節(jié)目”，這里是將錄音中提到的女士會(huì)去世界各地演講和她每周都會(huì)上科學(xué)電視節(jié)目這兩個(gè)信息雜糅在一起從而產(chǎn)生干擾，因此不正確；C選項(xiàng)“監(jiān)督牛津大學(xué)的兩個(gè)研究小組”在錄音中沒有信息提及，因此排除。

3.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthebenefitteachingbringstoher?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問關(guān)于教學(xué)給她帶來的好處，女士說了什么？錄音中女士表示她熱愛教學(xué)，教授一門課程能夠幫助她更好地理解這門課程（comprehenditbetter）。因此A選項(xiàng)“更好地理解這門學(xué)科”正確。B選項(xiàng)“迎接挑戰(zhàn)的意志增強(qiáng)”和D選項(xiàng)“與年輕人建立更密切的關(guān)系”在錄音中均沒有信息提及，因此可排除；C選項(xiàng)“拓展相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的知識(shí)”，錄音中女士只說到教學(xué)能夠加深她對所教授學(xué)科的專業(yè)知識(shí)的理解，并沒有說還能夠拓展相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的知識(shí)，選項(xiàng)屬于過度推斷，因此不正確。

4.Howdoesthewomansaynewscientificbreakthroughscanbemadepossible?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問的是女士關(guān)于如何實(shí)現(xiàn)新科學(xué)突破的看法。錄音中男士問到女士關(guān)于科學(xué)的重大突破、發(fā)現(xiàn)或發(fā)明的問題，女士回答說全世界都在開展科學(xué)研究，不斷有新事物被發(fā)現(xiàn)，目前他們科學(xué)家的電腦里就有大量的數(shù)據(jù)，只是沒人有時(shí)間去看一看，更不用說分析了。言下之意，女士希望有人能將電腦里大量的科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)充分利用起來，進(jìn)行分析和研究，這樣就可以實(shí)現(xiàn)新的科學(xué)突破。因此，B選項(xiàng)“通過充分利用現(xiàn)有的數(shù)據(jù)”與原文表述相符，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“通過運(yùn)用最新的研究方法”；C選項(xiàng)“以先前的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)為基礎(chǔ)”和D選項(xiàng)“通過利用更強(qiáng)大的計(jì)算機(jī)”均不正確，只是出現(xiàn)了錄音中的個(gè)別單詞來進(jìn)行混淆，因此不選。

7.單選題

Theageofothertreesisvariouslyestimatedas（）fromtwohundredtoeighthundredyears.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.changing

B.differing

C.varying

D.ranging

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)change“改變”，B項(xiàng)differ“使……相異/不同”，C項(xiàng)vary“變化，變異”，D項(xiàng)range表示“變動(dòng)，列為一行”，rangefrom固定用法，表示“從……到……變動(dòng)，從……到……范圍”。句意：其他樹木的年齡有不同的估計(jì)，從200年到800年不等。因此D項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Crimeaisacenterofpro-Russiansentiment,whichcan（）separatism.TheregionapeninsulaonUkraine’sBlackSeacoasthas2.3millioninhabitants,mostofwhomidentifythemselvesasethnicRussiansandspeakRussian.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.spillover

B.spilloutof

C.spilldowntowards

D.spillinto

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。spillover“外溢”；spilloutof“濺出”；spilldowntowards“溢出”；spillinto“涌進(jìn)”。句意：克里米亞是親俄情緒的中心，這種情緒能夠涌進(jìn)各種分裂主義。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

9.單選題

Thesalesmanapproachedthehousecautiouslywhenhesawthedogatthedoor.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.carefully

B.deliberately

C.nervously

D.bravely

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。cautiously“小心地；謹(jǐn)慎地”；A選項(xiàng)carefully“小心地”；B選項(xiàng)deliberately“故意地”；C選項(xiàng)nervously“神經(jīng)質(zhì)地；焦急地”；D選項(xiàng)bravely“勇敢地；無畏地”。句意：推銷員看到門口的狗，小心翼翼地走近房子。根據(jù)句中“whenhesawthedogatthedoor在看見門口的狗后”可知cautiously在這里的意思應(yīng)為“小心地”，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Theshell-coveredanimalswithoutbackboneshaveanastytendencytodevourtheirneighbors.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.develop

B.endeavor

C.delude

D.consume

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)develop“開發(fā)；進(jìn)步；使成長”；B選項(xiàng)endeavor“努力；盡力”；C選項(xiàng)delude“欺騙；哄騙；誘惑”；D選項(xiàng)consume“消耗，消費(fèi)；著迷”。句意：這些沒有脊骨、殼覆蓋的動(dòng)物有一種令人討厭的傾向，它們會(huì)吃掉它們的鄰居。根據(jù)此處關(guān)鍵詞theirneighbors（他們的鄰居）可排除A選項(xiàng)及B選項(xiàng)，C選項(xiàng)delude（欺騙）主要側(cè)重于虛偽的意見或信念欺騙，因此也可排除。結(jié)合語境，得知D選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Itisconsiderednot（

）tolitterinpublicplaces.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.respectful

B.respected

C.respectable

D.respective

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。respectful“對……恭敬的，尊敬的”；respected“受尊敬的，德高望重的”；respectable“可敬的，值得尊敬的，體面的”；respective“各自的，分別的”。句意：在公共場所亂丟東西被認(rèn)為是不被人尊敬的。C項(xiàng)符合題意。

12.單選題

Mostpeoplechoosea（）lawyeronthebasisofsuchconsiderationashispost,hisfieldofexpertise,andthefeeshecharges.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.humanistic

B.irrelevant

C.personal

D.pragmatic

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：大多數(shù)人會(huì)選擇一個(gè)的律師，基于他的崗位、專業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)和支付費(fèi)用等進(jìn)行考慮。humanistic人性的；irrelevant不相干的；personal私人的；pragmatic實(shí)際的，實(shí)用主義的。故選D。

13.單選題

Itisperhaps,noaccidentthatmanyoftheoutstandingfiguresofthepastwereamazinglyversatilemen.Rightupuntilcomparativelyrecenttimes,itwaspossibleforanintelligentpersontoacquainthimselfwithalmosteverybranchofknowledge.Thus,amanofgeniuslikeLeonardodaVinciengagedinmanycareersatonceasamatterofcourse.DaVinciwassobusywithhisnumerousinventionsthathebarelyfoundthetimetocompletehispaintings.HecameveryneartofulfillingtheRenaissanceidealofthe"universalman",themanwhowasproficientateverything.Today,werarely,ifever,hearthatamusicianhasjustinventedanewtypeofsubmarine.

Knowledgehasbecomedividedandsub-dividedintocountless,narrowly-definedcompartments.Thespecialistisrespected;theversatileperson,farfrombeingadmired,ismoreoftenregardedwithsuspicion.Themodemworldisaworldofhighly-skilled"experts"whohavehadtodevotethegreaterpartoftheirlivestoaverylimitedfieldofstudyinordertocompetewiththeirfellows.Butthishasnotbeenachievedwithoutconsiderablecost.Thescientist,whooutsidehisownparticularsubjectislittlemorethanamoron,isamodemphenomenon;asisthemanofletterswhoisbarelyawareofthetremendousstridesthathavebeenmadeintechnology.Similarly,specializationhasindirectlyaffectedquiteordinarypeopleineverywalkoflife.Manyactivitieswhichwereoncepursuedfortheirownsakes,areoftengivenupindespair;theyrequiretechniques,theexpertstellus,whichtakealife-timetomaster.Whylearntoplaythepiano,whenyoucanlistentotheworld'sgreatestpianistsinyourowndrawing-room?

Littlebylittle,wearebecomingmoreandmoreisolatedfromeachother.Itisalmostimpossibletotalktoyourneighborabouthisjob,evenifheisengagedinroughlythesameworkasyouare.TheRoyalSocietyinBritainincludesamongitsmembersonlythemosteminentscientistsinthecountry.Yetitishighlydisturbingtofindthatevenhere,asoneofitsmembersputit,atalectureonly10%ofthememberscanunderstand50%ofwhatisbeingsaid!

1.Thepassageimpliesthat（）.

2.Theword"moron"(Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingisthebestpossibletitleforthepassage?

4.Accordingtothepassage,inordertostandout,ascientistshould（）.

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.menofremarkableachievementsinthepastwereaccidentallyversatile

B.nogreatmaninthepastwasqualifiedasuniversalexceptdaVinci

C.nowadaysversatilemenaregenerallyhighlyregarded

D.nowadaysitisnearlyimpossibleforamantobeversatile

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.afoolishman

B.ahard-workingman

C.anexpert

D.amiserableman

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.HowtoBecomeaVersatileMan.

B.VersatileMen.

C.HowtoBecomeanIntelligentMan.

D.IntelligentMen.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.engageinasmanycareersaspossible

B.becomeamemberoftheRoyalSociety

C.confinehimselftoalimitedareaofstudy

D.beawareofthegreatprogressinscienceandtechnology

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.DaVinciwastoobusywithhismanyinventionstofinishhispaintings.

B.Inthemodemworldamancanbecomeversatilewithoutpayingtheprice.

C.Nowadaysamanoflettersscarcelyknowsaboutthechangesintechnology.

D.DuringtheRenaissancemuchemphasiswasplacedonbeinguniversal.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。第一段的最后一句為本文的主旨句“Today,werarely,ifever,hearthatamusicianhasjustinventedanewtypeofsubmarine.”這句話的潛在意思就是說:現(xiàn)在多才多藝的人越來越少。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

2.語義題。原文中的分號,以及as說明,前后是同類事物的比較。根據(jù)下文的whoisbarelyawareof可知，moron表示的是"什么都不知道的人",所以選項(xiàng)A正確。原文句意：有些科學(xué)家在他自己的研究領(lǐng)域之外和白癡一樣。

3.全文主旨題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要是講多才多藝的人，作者只是提出自己的看法，并沒有說如何成為一個(gè)多才多藝的人，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“..."experts"whohavehadtodevotethegreaterpartoftheirlivestoaverylimitedfieldofstudyinordertocompetewiththeirfellows.”科學(xué)們不得不把大部分的生命投入到一個(gè)非常有限的研究領(lǐng)域，以便與他們的同行競爭。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第四句“Butthishasnotbeenachievedwithoutconsiderablecost.”這里采用雙重否定強(qiáng)調(diào)這一目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)需要付出相當(dāng)大的代價(jià)。所以選項(xiàng)B與原文不符。

14.單選題

Lastweek29earnestAmericanhighschoolstudentswereinvitedtoaneveningofreceivinggoodwords,smalltalk,warmtoastsandfancysilverware.

“Findoutsomethingaboutthepersonsittingnexttoyou,”advisedformalUSsecretaryofStateMadeleineAlbright.“Eventually,you'lldiscovertheyalwayshavesomethinginterestingtosay.Andyoushouldalwaysusethepropersilverwareintheproperorder.”

AlbrightwastheguestofhonorattheimitatedOfficialdinner,whichwasalotlikearealofficialdinnerinWashingtonminusthesoftmoney.TheeveningwassponsoredbytheSt.AlbansSchoolofPublicServicestointroduceitsfirstclasstothefineartofsocialsurvival.Morethan84guests,includingstudents,teachers,schooldonorsandspeakersgatheredtoimitatethelifestyleoftherichandthepolitical.

Theideawastoteachthesocialgracesthatwillhelpstudentssurviveanysocialsituation.Anyway,thewholeproperforkthingisoverrated.FormalwhitehouseofficialC.BoydenGrayshareditstoptipsforsurvivingdinnerparties:“Drinkaslittleaspossibleuntilyougettodinner.“Don’tbethefirstpersonthereorthelastpersontoleave.”“Trytogetmoreoutofyourdinnerpartnersthantheygetoutofyou.”

EveryOfficialDinnerhasagreaterreasonforbeing.Statedinners,forexample,areeitheranopportunitytorewardemergingdemocraciesorstrengthenoldfriendships.

TheofficialdinnerwasintendedtoshowthestudentsaneleganteveninginWashington—partofthefour-weekintensivesummerprogramtoencouragepublicservice.Thestudentsarefrom13statesandtwoforeigncountries.

Theprogramincludesclassesonthepresidency,thecourts,themediaandinteractionalaffairs.Thestudentsalsodebatedpublicpolicyissues.“They’restillatitat10o’clockatnight”saiddirectorMaryWaikato.“That’sgoodpracticeforWashington,isn'tit?”

Sincetherewasnoband,Albrightofferedherselfupasthenight’sentertainer.Nosinging,butstoriesaboutherlifeindiplomacy.“Beingsecretaryofstateisthebestjobintheworld,”shesaid,“betterthanbeingpresident,becauseyoudon’thavetodealwiththeelections.”

1.Lastweekagroupofhighschoolstudentswereinvitedtothedinnerparty

（

）.

2.AccordingtoMadeleineAlbright,atanofficialdinner

（

）.

3.TheimitatedOfficialDinnerisdifferentfromtherealonesinthatthedinner（

）.

4.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Toseethelifestyleoftherichandpolitical

B.todiscussinternationalandpublicpolicyissues

C.tolearntosurviveindifferentsocialsituations

D.tolearntobecomethefutureleadersoftheWhiteHouse

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.weshouldgetmoreinformationaboutthehost

B.weshouldbesociablebytalkingwithothers

C.tablemannersarenotasimportantasconversing

D.weshouldlearntoentertainothersbytellingastory

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.couldnotgetthefinancialsupportaseasilyastherealones

B.washeldwithouttheparticipationofimportantpersons

C.didn'thaveasmanyguestsastherealones

D.hadnothingtodowithpoliticalandinternationalissues

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.therearesignificantdifferencesbetweentheOfficialDinnerandOtherdinnerparties

B.Americanstudentsliketoparticipateinpublicservicesverymuch

C.beingasecretaryofstateisthebest,evenbetterthanbeingapresident

D.thestudentswhowereinvitedtothedinnerpartywereenthusiasticabouttheprogram

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第四段中的Theideawastoteachthesocialgracesthatwillhelpstudentssurviveanysocialsituation.（這個(gè)想法是為了教學(xué)生社交禮儀，以幫助學(xué)生應(yīng)對任何社交情形）可知選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段描寫的是MadeleineAlbright給的建議：由Findoutsomethingaboutthepersonsittingnexttoyou（找出坐在你旁邊的那個(gè)人的一些情況）可知與A選項(xiàng)不符；由Andyoushouldalwaysusethepropersilverwareintheproperorder（而且你應(yīng)該正確地使用你的餐具）可知與C選項(xiàng)不符；D選項(xiàng)原文沒有提及；由Eventually,you'lldiscovertheyalwayshavesomethinginterestingtosay（最終，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們總是有一些有趣的話要說）可知選B，在正式晚宴上我們應(yīng)該善于與人交談。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第三段中AlbrightwastheguestofhonorattheimitatedOfficialdinner,whichwasalotlikearealofficialdinnerinWashingtonminusthesoftmoney.（Albright是這